JPS62113396A - Discharge lamp burner - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a discharge lamp lighting device, and more particularly, to a device for lighting a discharge lamp by instantaneous DC start-up of a discharge lamp by obtaining a DC pulsating power source from an AC power source using a rectifier; The present invention relates to a discharge lamp lighting device that can eliminate the flickering phenomenon caused by the alternation of cathode discharge and anode discharge at the end of the tube, which occurs during lighting.

<Prior art> Conventionally, this type of lighting device was disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-107.
As shown in Japanese Patent No. 596, it is known that two circuits of polarity switching rotary switches operated by cams are provided between the rectifier outputs.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> By the way, the above-mentioned discharge lamp lighting device uses a rotary switch, and the switch requires a camshaft and a switch contact, and has a complicated mechanism, so polarity switching is difficult. It has the disadvantage that the circuit components are expensive, and the short current of the ballast at startup is direct current between the outputs of the U current, but the short current of the ballast does not allow sufficient cathode preheating due to AC excitation. , and was not suitable for instant start lighting.

Moreover, there was a problem that the engine could not be started when the manual short bar switch was opened during the zero current phase.

Purpose of the present invention The present invention was made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to instantaneously start and light a discharge lamp by energizing the ballast with direct current and generating an excitation voltage. The polarity of the discharge lamp can be changed by , and even more lights can be used. It is an object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive and high-performance discharge lamp lighting device that can start lighting at 1 o'clock.

Means for Solving the Problems〉 Discharge lamp lighting of the present invention to achieve the above objects
@ is a device in which a ballast and a full-wave rectifier are provided between an AC power source and a discharge lamp is placed in the rectifier, and a first switch is provided on one of the output poles of the rectifier, and a second switch is provided on the other. , at least one of the two switches is a semiconductor switch, a discharge lamp is connected between the two switches to form a DC lighting circuit, a diode having opposite poles is connected between the cathodes of the discharge lamps, and a diode having opposite poles is connected between the cathodes of the discharge lamps; A third switch is provided between the point and one of the rectifier inputs to constitute a DC excitation instant start lighting circuit, and a capacitor is connected between the rectifier input and the discharge lamp cathode, respectively. The semiconductor switch, the capacitor, and the ballast constitute an excitation voltage generation circuit, and when the third switch is opened, a high-voltage pulse is generated for instantaneous start-up and lighting.

However, the first and second switches may be of any type as long as they switch the polarity of the discharge lamp each time the lamp is lit.
For example, both may be semiconductor switches.

Alternatively, the device may include a mechanical switch that operates as a gate input for semiconductor switch input.

Moreover, as the above-mentioned DC excitation, a rectifier is configured.41! This may be performed by energizing a single-wave DC short circuit through one diode of the diodes I.

Furthermore, in the cathode DC preheating of the discharge lamp, one pole of the discharge lamp is first preheated at the moment the power is turned on, and then the cathode preheating is switched by electrically switching to the other pole. It may be something.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned excitation voltage generation may be performed simultaneously with the DC short current energization and may be performed by a circuit that always passes through a semiconductor switch, or a ballast inductor, a capacitor capacitor, a semiconductor switch, a diode, etc. It may also be performed by obtaining a DC resonance voltage by using the following method.

The capacitor that can be inserted between the inputs of the above rectifier is for optical output,
The capacitor inserted between the cathode of the discharge lamp is used for starting purposes.
It may also be electrically operated.

In addition, the polarity of the relative polarity diode includes that the circuit is energized regardless of the polarity if the relative polarity is set, and the switch provided between the midpoint of the relative polarity diode and the rectifier input may be a mechanical switch, a thermal switch, or a thermal switch. A switch, a semiconductor switch alone, or a combination of a mechanical switch and a semiconductor switch, the high voltage pulse generation being obtained by an inducimine kick action of a ballast.

Furthermore, the rectifier may be a voltage doubler or an n-fold voltage rectifier circuit.

Furthermore, a plurality of the above-mentioned discharge lamps may be arranged and combined with one or a plurality of ballasts to light the plurality of lamps.

In the discharge lamp lighting device with the above configuration, at least one of the switches provided at both output poles of the current switch is a semiconductor switch, and the discharge lamp is connected between the switches, so that DC lighting can be performed. By connecting a diode with opposite poles between the cathodes of the discharge lamp and installing a switch between the midpoint of the diode with opposite poles and one of the rectifier inputs, it is possible to perform DC excitation instantaneous start lighting. can. Then, a diode is connected between the switch connected to at least one of the rectifier output poles and the discharge lamp, and the gate input of the semiconductor switch is obtained from the front stage of the diode, so the polarity of the cathode of the discharge lamp can be switched, and the rectifier input Since a capacitor is connected between the discharge lamp and the cathode of the discharge lamp, excitation voltage can be generated by the semiconductor switch, the capacitor, and the ballast.

<Example> DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings showing examples.

FIG. 1 is an electrical circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. In Fig. 1, a ballast (6), a V current regulator (5), and a power switch (4) are arranged between the AC power supply (R) and (N>), and a capacitor ( C1), one of the two output poles of the rectifier (5) is a changeover switch (1) consisting of a mechanical switch that switches the contact each time the light is turned on, and the other is a semiconductor switch (Ql) consisting of an SCR or TRIAC. <C2) is provided and connected to the cathode (flHf2) of the discharge lamp (2) on the DC power supply side through the diodes (05) (C6) through the contacts (Ia) and (Ib) of the changeover switch (1). A DC lighting circuit is configured, and the cathode (fl) (f2) on the non-DC power supply side of the discharge lamp (2)
) with opposite polar diodes (C7) (C8) and a capacitor (C2) connected to the opposite polar diode (
A starting switch (3) is provided between the midpoint of C7) (C8) and one of the inputs of the rectifier (5) to constitute a DC excitation starting lighting circuit, and the semiconductor switch (Ql) (C2) The gate input is the contact (1a) (l) of the changeover switch (1).
b) and diodes (C5) (C6) to form an ON circuit that supplies the gate output to the semiconductor switches (Ql) (C2).

Figure 2 shows the specific configuration of the starting switch (3).
In Figure (a), a timer switch (Swl) is connected in series with the relay b contact (Ryb) (for example, a switch heated by a heater with an electric current and activated by a shape memory alloy,
Product name DTS (Special 111 Showa 60-212926-28
No. 60-212930-33), manufactured by GoW1 Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) and low resistance (Rs) are connected in parallel, and a relay (Rs) is connected at the outer end of the series-parallel connection.
When the operating coils (y) are connected in parallel, the low resistance (R5) and relay (Ry) operating coils are energized at the same time as the timer switch is opened when energized, and the relay b contact (Ryb) is energized.
) is opened, and thereafter the circuit of the start switch (3) continues to be in the open state due to the holding operation of the relay (RV) operating coil. Figure 2(b) shows the timer switch (
A contact protection diode (C9) is installed in parallel with the ``awl'', and a manual short bar switch (S#2) is connected in series with this.
When energized, the manual short bar switch (8w2
) to open the circuit. In Figure 2 (C), a manual short bar switch (8w2) is installed in series with the SCR, and the gate resistor (R6)
The CR breakover voltage is controlled,
In this circuit, when the discharge lamp starts and lights up when electricity is applied, the SCR is turned off by the impedance drop voltage of the ballast. Figure 2 (d) shows that when a PNPN switch and a timer switch (SWI) are connected in series, and when the discharge lamp starts and lights up due to the repeated operation of the timer switch (SWI) when the power is on, the breakover voltage of the PNPN switch increases. This turns off the circuit. Furthermore, PNP
N switch to SCR or SSS&-rI! The same effect can be achieved even if the operation is performed in a different manner.

FIG. 2(e) consists of only a PNPN switch, which repeats ON-OFF until the discharge lamp is lit, and then turns OFF due to a potential change after lighting. FIG. 2(f) is composed of only SSS, which repeats ON-OFF until the discharge lamp is lit, and then turns OFF due to a change in potential after lighting.

FIG. 3 is an electrical circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, parts that have the same functions as those in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 will be omitted from description. The difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is that the changeover switch (1) is replaced with a semiconductor switch, and the changeover switch is placed on the power supply side. In Fig. 3, a ballast (6), a rectifier (5), and a changeover switch (1) are arranged between the AC power source (R) and (N1), and a semiconductor switch (Ql) is installed between the output terminals of the rectifier (5). (C2)
(C3) (C4) is provided, and the cathode (flHf2) of the discharge lamp (2) is connected to the semiconductor switch (Ql) (Q2) (Q3) from the contact point of the changeover switch (1).
The gate output of (Q4) is obtained to conduct conduction and polarity switching of the semiconductor switch. The capacitor (CI) (02), starting switch (3), and diodes (D7) (D8) as other members constituting the DC excitation starting/lighting circuit have exactly the same structure as the embodiment shown in FIG.

Next, the DC lighting operation in which the polarity is switched each time the lighting operation is performed will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3.

However, for ease of explanation, it is assumed that the discharge lamp (2) is lit.

In FIG. 1, the changeover switch (1) switches between, for example, contact (la) ON-OFF-contact (1b) when changing the polarity.
) - OF F, and for example, if the contact (1a) of the changeover switch (1)
positive output - contact (1a) of changeover switch (1) - diode (D5) - cathode (fl) of discharge lamp (2) - discharge lamp (2) - cathode (fl) of discharge lamp (2) - semiconductor switch (Ql) and reaches the fA pole output side of the rectifier (5). At this time, the midpoint (Ga
Since the gate input of the semiconductor switch (Ql) is obtained from ), the semiconductor switch (Ql) is turned on. Also, since the contact (1b) side of the changeover switch (1) is not conductive, the semiconductor switch (Q2) is turned off, and the non-power side of the discharge lamp (2I) is connected to the diode (D
7) Since it is blocked by (D8), a short circuit does not occur and the DC lighting circuit is opened. Therefore, when direct current lighting is performed by the contact (1a) side, the discharge lamp (2
) has a positive electrode on the cathode 1) side, and a negative electrode on the cathode (fl) side. Next, for example, if the contact (1b) side of the changeover switch (1) is on the contact (1a) side,
5) positive output - contact (1b) of selector switch (1) -
Diode (D6) - Discharge lamp (2) shade h (fl)
B'14fT (23 - cathode (fl) of discharge lamp (21) - semiconductor switch (Q2) and reaches the negative output of rectifier (5). At this time, contact (1b) and diode (D6
) Since the gate input of the semiconductor switch (Q2) is obtained from the midpoint (Gtl), the semiconductor switch (Q2) is ON.
In addition, the semiconductor switch (Ql) is a changeover switch (
Since the contact (1a) side of 1) is non-conducting, it is turned off,
In addition, the non-power side of the discharge lamp (2) is connected to a relative tank diode (D
7) By blocking (D8), a short circuit does not occur and the DC lighting circuit is opened. Therefore, when direct current lighting is performed by the contact (1b) side, the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2)
) side has a negative electrode, and the negative +fA(fl) side has a positive electrode. In other words, the contact (1a) (
1b), the polarity of the cathode (m(fl)) of the discharge lamp (2) is automatically switched each time it is lit.

Next, FIG. 3 will be briefly described. In Fig. 3, the changeover switch (1) has a bipolar structure, and when switching the contacts, for example, the contacts (1aH1a') ON -0FF
-The contact (1bH1b') is slow-acting, and the contact (1aH1b) operates as a power switch, and the contact (1aH1b) operates as a power switch.
1a') operates as the gate input terminal of the semiconductor switches (Ql) (Q2), and the contact (1b') operates as the gate input terminal of the semiconductor switches (Q3) (Q4). At this time, for example, the contact (1a) of the changeover switch (1)
If it is on the fla') side, the semiconductor switches (Ql) (Q2) are turned on, and the DC lighting circuit is connected to the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2).
) - discharge lamp (2) - cathode (fl) of discharge lamp (2) - passes through semiconductor switch (Ql) and reaches the negative electrode side of rectifier (5).

At this time, the contacts (Ib) (1b') are non-conductive, so the semiconductor switches (Q3) (Q4) are turned off, and the non-power side of the discharge lamp (21) is blocked as in the embodiment shown in FIG. Because it is in the state, it does not lead to a short circuit, and the DC lighting circuit is connected to 17
11 has been completed. Therefore, contacts (1a) (1a')
When lighting with direct current depending on the side, the cathode (f
The l) side has a positive electrode, and the cathode (fl) side has a negative electrode.

Next, for example, the contact of the changeover switch (1) (1bH1b'
) side, the semiconductor switches (Q3) (Q4) are
The DC lighting circuit is connected to the positive output of the rectifier (5) - the semiconductor switch (Q4) - the cathode (t2) of the discharge lamp (2) -
It passes through the discharge lamp (2) - the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2) - the semiconductor switch (Q3) and reaches the negative electrode side of the rectifier (5). Therefore, when DC lighting is performed by the contact (1b) ([1') side, the cathode (tl) side of the discharge lamp (2) has a negative electrode, and the cathode (fl) side has a positive electrode. In other words, each time the lighting operation is performed, the contact points (1a) [1a') n
and (1bH1b'), the discharge lamp (
2) Gloomy (fl) The polarity of (fl) switches on its own.

Next, the DC excitation instantaneous start lighting operation will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3.

In Fig. 1, when the power switch is turned on, for example, if it is on the contact (1a) side of the changeover switch (1), the AC power supply (R
) - (N> during the positive half cycle on the (R) side, the ballast (
6) - Diode (D3) of rectifier (5) - Semiconductor switch (Ql) through contact (1a) of changeover switch (1)
is supplied to the gate (Ga) of the semiconductor switch (Ql)
becomes ONL, and at this time, the contact (1a), the diode (D5), and the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2) are connected to the diode (
D8), the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2) is not preheated. Next, AC power supply (R>-(N
) During the negative half cycle on the (N) side between ), the semiconductor switch (
The semiconductor switch (Ql) is turned on in the same way as in the half cycle of the (R) side stop, and the power switch (4) - start switch (3) is supplied to the gate (Ga) of Ql).
-Diode (Dl) -Cathode (fl) of discharge lamp (2)-
The cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2) is preheated with DC current by a circuit that passes through the semiconductor switch (Ql), connects to the diode (Dl) of the rectifier (5), the ballast (6), and the AC power source (R> side). The ballast (6) is excited with direct current. Therefore,
During the negative half cycle of the AC power supply, the ballast (6) is
is excited with DC current, and the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2) is energized with DC short circuit.

Next, for example, if it is on the contact (1b) side of the changeover switch (1), then during the positive half cycle on the (R) side between the AC power supply (R>-(N)), the AC power supply (R>-ballast (6) - Rectifier (5)
diode (D3) - contact (1) of changeover switch (1)
b) to the gate (Gb) of the semiconductor switch (Ql), and the semiconductor switch (Ql) becomes ONL. At this time, the contact (1b) - diode (Q6) - cathode (fl
) is blocked by the diode (Ql), and the discharge lamp (2
) The cathode of 2) is not preheated. Next, during the negative half cycle of the AC power supply, the AC power supply (N) - power switch (4)
- Rectifier (5) diode (D4) - Selector switch (
1) is supplied to the gate (Gb) of the semiconductor switch (Ql) through the contact (1b), and the semiconductor switch (Ql) is turned on and the AC power supply ( N) - Power switch (4) - Starting switch (3) - Diode (D8) - Cathode 1 of discharge lamp (2)
) - the semiconductor switch (Ql), the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2) is preheated by the circuit that leads to the diode (Dl) of the rectifier (5) - the ballast (6) - the AC power supply (R> side). At the same time, the ballast (6) is excited with DC current.

Therefore, in the same way as on the contact (1a) side, during the negative half cycle of the AC power supply, DC excitation is applied to the ballast (6) through one of the four diodes constituting the rectifier (5), and the ballast (6) is discharged. The cathode (fl) of the lamp (2) is energized with a DC short circuit.

In other words, each time the starting operation is performed, if the changeover switch (1) is on the contact (1a) side, the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2) is energized as a DC short circuit, and if it is on the contact (1b) side, the cathode (fl) is energized with DC short. The diode 4 that is short-circuited and forms the rectifier (5) during the negative half cycle of AC T7FA.
The ballast (6) is always excited with direct current through one of the magnets.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, if the contacts (la) and (1a') of the changeover switch (1) are on the contact (1a') side as in the embodiment shown in FIG. It is turned on and the start switch (3) - during the negative half cycle.
The ballast (6
] is excited with DC current, and the discharge lamp (2:J cathode (fl
) is energized as a DC short circuit. In addition, contact (1b) (1b
') side, the cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2) is energized with a DC short circuit.

In other words, as in the embodiment shown in FIG.
6(fl)(fl) is energized with DC short,
During the negative half cycle of the AC power supply, the ballast (6) is constantly excited with DC current through one of the four diodes that make up the rectifier (5).

Next, the electrical action from generation of excitation voltage to lighting will be explained with reference to a typical basic waveform diagram shown in FIG. In Figure 4, (a) is the input voltage waveform of the AC power supply, and (b) is the ballast (6
), the rectifier input voltage waveform according to the phase of the inductor, (C) the rectifier (5) input current waveform, (d) the case of the contact (1a) side of the changeover switch (1) (7)
U (21(7) cathode (fl) (f21 voltage waveform,
(e) is the voltage waveform between the cathode (flHf2) of the discharge lamp (2) when the contact (1b) side of the changeover switch (1) is on. (5) Input voltage (b) is input from the power supply (■0) by the stabilizer (6) during the positive half cycle of the AC power supply.
l) and the rebound voltage of the ballast (6) and the capacitor (
By charging and discharging C1), an excitation voltage (Vl) higher than the power supply voltage (VO) is generated, and the zero phase of the positive half cycle is reached.

To explain in more detail, during the time (T1) when the DC current (ISl) flowing through the ballast (6) increases, the energy stored in the inductor increases.
During the time (T2) when I) is decreasing, energy is supplied to the capacitor (C1) by the amount of the decrease, and the capacitor (C1) is charged. During the zero N flow phase leading to the next positive half cycle, an excitation voltage (V 1-1) is generated due to the rebound voltage of the ballast (6) and the discharge of the capacitor (C1).

At this time, the DC excitation of the ballast (6) is released due to the blocking of the diode, and the voltage between the terminals of the capacitor (C1) becomes in phase with the power supply voltage (■0), so that it is discharged in a lagging phase (Ldl). The stored energy of the capacitor drops to point a, but the power supply voltage (■0) is in an increasing state, and at this time it is charged and stored again. The stored energy is discharged back into the circuit to generate an excitation voltage (V1-2). As the power supply voltage (VO) decreases, the charge/discharge energy decreases by the decrease, and the excitation voltage (V 1-3) (V 1
-4) occurs.

Naturally, the excitation voltage (V 1-2) (V 1-3) (
During the discharge at V 1-4), energy is stored in the inductor (ballast) by the action of the ballast (6) described above, which is then repeated several cycles by the rebound voltage.

Further, the peak value of the excitation voltage (Vl) increases as the capacity increases, and the excitation voltage increases.

At this time, the capacitor (C
2) is also charged. Next, during the negative half cycle of 74 rA voltage (VO), the AC power supply (R) - the ballast (6) - the diode (Dl) of the rectifier (5) - the semiconductor switch (Q
l) - Shade #1 (T2) of discharge lamp (2) - Diode (D
l) ~ Starting switch (31-AC power supply (N) (1! II
A slightly low short voltage (Vsl) is generated due to the impedance of the circuit leading to the current, and current is applied until the lag phase (Ldl) of the next positive half cycle. At this time, the polarity of the discharge lamp (2) located on the output side of the rectifier (5) is such that the cathode (fl) is the positive pole and the cathode (T2) is the nine pole. The DC short current (Is') causes the cathode (
T2) is rapidly preheated and emits thermoelectrons, and at the same time, the excitation voltage (Vl) causes the cathode (f
While slightly preheating the discharge lamp (2), the thermionic electrons stimulate gas atoms such as mercury, argon, krypton, etc. near the cathode in the tube of the discharge lamp (2), and the excitation voltage (Vl) stimulates the electrons in the gas atoms. The discharge lamp (2) is excited by temporarily moving it through the outer shell shaft. As the excitation period is repeated at least from several cycles to several tens of cycles, the number of thermoelectrons increases, and the thermoelectrons move from the negative electrode (T2) toward the positive electrode 1) while inside the tube. The electron collides with the gas atom, and further electrons fly out from the gas atom, creating an electric charge. The ionized electrons collide with another gas atom and are ionized. The ionization is caused by the excitation voltage (
The energy stored in the capacitor (C1) changes from Vl) to the ionization voltage (■2), and the rebound voltage of the ballast (6) and the charging and discharging of the capacitor (C1) take place inside the discharge lamp (2) tube. is used for ionization inside the tube. Therefore, the excitation voltage (Vl) is applied between the cathodes, resulting in charging and discharging several times, whereas the ionizing voltage (2) is applied within the tube, resulting in charging and discharging only once. When the above-mentioned ionization occurs, the number of electrons increases rapidly and moves toward the positive electrode 1), causing a one-wave discharge and generating a discharge voltage (V3). This one-wave ionization discharge period lasts at least several cycles, and the energy obtained by the collision leads to the emission of stable electromagnetic waves, and the starting switch (
3) is opened, a high voltage pulse (Vp) is generated by the induction action of the ballast (6) and the capacitor (C2), and the discharge lamp (2) is started, and after that, stable discharge is repeated until it is lit. The lighting voltage (V imp) is determined by the impedance drop of the ballast (6). Note that the lagging phase (Ld2) of the lighting voltage (V 1rap) during lighting is due to the fact that the inductor of the ballast (6) itself has not decreased due to a DC short.
Of course it is smaller. Further, during lighting, charging and discharging of the capacitor (C1) naturally increases the light output of the discharge lamp (2) as a result of internal discharge.

The rectifier (5) input current waveform (C) shows the current in the circuit from excitation to discharge, and the excitation current (11) is used for charging and discharging the capacitor (CI) (C2), preheating the cathode (fl), and Excitation stimulation is applied to both the cathode (fIHf2). The DC short current (Isl) mainly preheats the cathode (f2) with DC current, and lowers the inductor of the ballast (6) to excite the stabilizer (6) with DC current. The ionizing current (12) is connected to the capacitor (CINC
The discharge current (I3) is the discharge current required for single wave discharge, and the lighting current (Iimp) is the current when the discharge lamp (2) is lit. be.

The discharge lamp cathode voltage waveform (d) is DC pulsating current as a result of the discharge lamp (2) being placed on the output side of the rectifier (5), and the rectifier input voltage waveform (11) is rectified, resulting in electrical operation. is carried out in the same manner, and the contact (1) of the changeover switch (1) is
Depending on the side a), the polarity of the discharge lamp (2) is such that the cathode (fl) is the positive pole and the cathode ([2) is the 9 pole, so the lighting voltage (V 1
lIp) indicates the positive electrode.

In addition, the voltage waveform [e] between the discharge lamp cathodes and the changeover switch (
The polarity of the discharge lamp (2) is such that the cathode (fl) is the negative electrode and the cathode (f2) is the positive electrode depending on the contact (1b) side of the lamp 1), and the lighting voltage (V 1Ilp) is negative.

That is, the polarity of the discharge lamp (2) is changed over each time the discharge lamp (2) is lit by the changeover switch (1). The excitation voltage (Vl) and ionization voltage (V2) during the electrical action from generation of the excitation voltage to lighting are determined by the bounce voltage of the ballast (6), the inductor, the capacitor (CIHG2), and the discharge lamp ( Needless to say, DC resonance occurs due to the cathode resistance of '2J, the phase angle when the semiconductor switch is turned on, and the junction charge of the diode.

Further, it goes without saying that for preheating for thermionic emission, the circuit is constructed by always passing a DC short current to the negative electrode cathode side during the polarity of the discharge lamp (2).

According to the above explanation, the excitation, ionization, and discharge phenomena within the discharge lamp tube correspond to the DC excitation instantaneous start lighting circuit and the DC lighting circuit that switches the polarity every time the lighting operation is performed. In other words, the circuit performs the most favorable electrical operation corresponding to the phenomenon leading to discharge of the discharge lamp.

When using TRIAC as a semiconductor switch,
By superimposing the non-repetitive peak-off voltage (V DSH) due to the breakover voltage of the TRIAC and the rebound voltage of the ballast (6), a higher excitation voltage (Vl) can be generated. More specifically, when one of the contacts of the changeover switch (1) is electrically connected, the power is turned on and either TRIAC (Ql) (C2) or (C3) (C4) is turned on. At this time, TR
The non-repetitive peak-off voltage (V DSM) of the breakover voltage of the IAC and the rebound voltage of the ballast (6) are superimposed to generate a high excitation voltage (Vl) and the discharge lamp (2)
It can excite the gloom of the world.

FIG. 4-(f) is a discharge lamp cathode voltage waveform showing the high voltage excitation voltage (V 1p) and the high voltage ionization voltage (V 2p), and the superimposed high voltage excitation voltage (V Ip) and the high voltage The ionizing voltage (V2p) helps excite and ionize the discharge lamp (21) and exhibits favorable starting characteristics.

FIG. 5 is an electric circuit showing yet another embodiment. (
The manual short bar switch and timer switch (SWI) in b) are used, and the timer switch (SWI) is set in advance to correspond to the ionization and discharge time.

To explain the electrical operation, when the power switch (4) is turned on, conduction occurs to one of the contacts of the changeover switch (1), and the manual short bar switch of the start switch (3) is ONL, e.g. Contact (1a) of switch (1)
) side, the rebound voltage of the ballast (6) and the inductor and capacitor (CI) during the positive half cycle (C
2-1) DC resonance occurs due to the charging and discharging of (C2-2), the junction charge and slight phase of the semiconductor switch, the cathode resistance of the discharge lamp (2), and the low starting resistances (R6 and R7). An excitation voltage (Vl) is generated by the DC resonance, which slightly preheats the cathode (fl) and causes the cathode (fl) (
fl) is excited to vibrate. During the next negative half cycle,
Power supply (R> - Ballast (6) - Rectifier (5) - Semiconductor switch (Ql) - Cathode (fl) - Low resistance for starting (R6) -
A circuit that passes through the diode (D7) and the starting switch (3) to the AC power source (N) lowers the inductor of the ballast (6) to connect the cathode (fl) and the starting low resistance (R6).
) and energizes the DC short circuit (131) to rapidly preheat the cathode (fl). When this excitation is repeated at least several cycles to several tens of cycles until the electric current 11 is discharged, the induction action of the ballast (6) and the starting capacitor ( A high voltage pulse (Vp) is generated at C2-2). At this time, if you open the manual short bar switch, it will start instantly and will continue to light steadily. Since the lighting start switch (3) is already in the open state, the DC excitation starting lighting circuit is not energized.

Similarly, if the changeover switch (11 contact (1b) side 6).Thus, by suppressing the DC short current (131), the cathode preheating of the discharge lamp (21) is adjusted to reduce the blackening phenomenon and to reduce the excitation voltage (Vl) and ionization voltage. (Vl).

FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) are electric circuits showing still another embodiment, which constitute a voltage doubler rectifier circuit. The starting switch (3) uses a PNPN switch (C3) in the semiconductor notch shown in FIG.
is set in advance. To explain the operation of FIG. 6(a), it basically operates in the same way as the embodiment of FIG. 5, but the difference from the embodiment of FIG. 5 is as follows.
The cathode (fl) of the discharge lamp (2J) is used as the excitation voltage (2V1) by the voltage doubler rectifier capacitors (C3) (C4).
(fl), and the starting switch (3) automatically starts and lights up the lamp.

Furthermore, if we describe in detail the double voltage basic equivalent circuit in Fig. 6(b), the diodes (D3) (D4) of the rectifier (5)
When the discharge lamp (2) is placed in the circuit of the voltage rectifier capacitor (03HC4) using Since the discharge lamp is in the open state), it is twice the peak value of the AC input voltage.

Therefore, the excitation voltage (Vl) appears as (2V1). However, when ionization occurs, a load condition occurs and the condition returns to normal. In this example, the voltage was doubled, but by using n rectifier elements and n capacitors, the output voltage of the rectifier circuit is equal to the excitation voltage (■1
) can also be set to 0 times.

FIG. 6(C) shows the voltage waveform between the cathodes of the discharge lamp in FIG. 6(a>(b)) in more detail. occurs,
The interior of the discharge lamp (2) is rapidly excited. As a result, the excitation period is shortened within the cycle much earlier than in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, and the state shifts to ionization and discharge. Then, when the ionization discharge period arrives, since the circuit is already in a loaded state, the circuit no longer doubles the voltage and generates the normal ionization voltage (Vl) and discharge voltage (v3). At this time, when the timer switch (S Wl ) is opened, one high voltage pulse is generated, and the discharge lamp is instantaneously started and lit by the VBO of the PNPN switch (C3). The inventors conducted experiments and found that a discharge lamp (
For 2), for example, a fluorescent lamp FL15 was used, and the IJ limit of the timer switch <SV/1) was set to 0.24 seconds, and the lamp was started and turned on. According to this, normal temperature 25”C, Aol 00V
, two-way electromotive force +320V at 50Hz, excitation period 8
After 4 cycles of ionization discharge period, FL15 instantaneously started and turned on. Conventional electronic starter lighting speed 0.8
A high-speed instantaneous start lighting approximately 3.3 times faster than in seconds was obtained.

FIG. 7 shows yet another example of a V lightning circuit,
The ballast (6) and capacitor (C5) provide a C resonance and inductor control circuit. To explain the electrical operation, the ballast (6) and capacitor (C5
) causes LG resonance, the resonance voltage of the excitation voltage (Vl) increases, C1 is charged and discharged a lot, and several to dozens of rebound voltages of the ballast (6) occur, causing rapid excitation. produce an effect. Further, the short voltage (VS2) in the DC short state also becomes a resonant voltage and is applied to the cathode, resulting in good bonding. The other electrical operations are exactly the same as the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, with direct current instantaneous starting and lighting.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 was able to give favorable results particularly in terms of starting characteristics at low temperatures.

FIG. 8 shows an electric circuit showing still another embodiment, in which one ballast (6) is used to operate two lamps at the DC instantaneous starting point 'XT'.
? This provides a circuit that In the figure, the ballast (6), rectifier (5), and capacitor (C1) between the AC power source (R) and (N>) are omitted.

To explain the electrical operation, the discharge lamps (2a) and (2b) are each excited by the excitation voltage (Vl) during the positive half cycle of the AC power supply, and the starting switch (3) is activated by the next negative half cycle. -Diode (DIO) -Diode (
D 11) - negative i (f2) of the discharge lamp (2a) - diode (07) branched from the semiconductor switch (C7) and diode (D 10) - cathode (f2) of the discharge lamp (2b)
The impedance of the ballast (6) decreases due to the parallel circuit 14, which passes through the semiconductor switch (Ql) and reaches the negative side of the rectifier output, and the cathode (f2) of the discharge lamp (2aH2b) generates a lot of heat. and emits thermionic electrons. When this excitation is repeated for at least several to several tens of cycles, the discharge lamp (2a) f2b) reaches ionization and discharge, and becomes ready for lighting. At this time, turn off the start switch (3).
When F, the induction kick action of the ballast (6) causes the semiconductor switch (Ql) - the cathode (f2) of the discharge lamp (2b) - the cathode (fl) - the diode (D14) -
A high voltage pulse (Vll) is applied from the cathode side to the anode through the cathode 2)-cathode (fl) circuit of the discharge lamp (2a), and the discharge lamps (2a) and (2b) are instantaneously started and lit at the same time. It is something.

When the light is turned on, the semiconductor switch (C7) has already been turned off by turning off the starting switch (3), and
As a result of the DC short circuit and no current being applied, the light will continue to light up stably. An example of the above is the contact (1a) of the changeover switch (1).For example, if it is on the contact (1b) side, the semiconductor switch (C2
) and (C7) are turned ON, and the discharge lamp polarity is switched.

In other words, it is possible to instantaneously start and light two lamps using a DC pulsating current power source, with the polarity of the two lamps changing each time the lamps are turned on.

Note that in this example, the lighting circuit is for two lamps, but
A lighting circuit for 2n lamps can also be obtained by connecting similar circuits in parallel.

FIG. 9 shows yet another embodiment of an electric circuit for lighting multiple lights.

To explain the electrical operation, all the circuits described above conduct DC short circuit, whereas in this embodiment, the ballast (6) and the capacitor are energized by AC excitation without DC excitation, and the ballast (6) and capacitor are (C5) resonance while TRIAC
Non-repetitive peak-off voltage due to breakover voltage (
The excitation voltage is generated by V DSI( ). When the AC power source (R) - (N> is turned on, the semiconductor switch (Ql) (
C2) or (C3) (C4) is ONL, each discharge lamp (
The starting switches (3a) (3b)... (3n) placed on the non-power supply side of the semiconductor switches (2a) (2b)... (2n) are operated, and the non-repetitive peak-off voltage (
V I) SN) and the ballast f63 are applied with one pulse voltage to each discharge lamp every half cycle by the gradient voltage, and each cathode is excited while emitting thermoelectrons and starts in a state capable of ionization. When the switches (3a) to (3n) are opened, the discharge lamps are turned on in sequence according to the order in which the starting switches are opened.

Note that an n-fold voltage circuit can be constructed in the rectifier circuit of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 to improve the starting characteristics. Also,
Naturally, the same results can be achieved even when this embodiment is used for a single lamp rather than for multiple lamps.

Further, in the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 above, a case has been described in which a specific configuration is used as the starting switch (3), but a simple short bar switch,
Alternatively, the same effect can be achieved by using a switch having another configuration as illustrated in FIG. 2.

FIG. 10 is an electric circuit diagram showing still another embodiment,
All-electronic circuitry has been achieved.

In the figure, (ZVS) is a one-touch zero-volt gate output circuit, which turns the power ON and OFF by touching the surface of the sensor attached to the lighting equipment. In addition, the reversible gate output circuit (electronic reversible gate output circuit) (g)) alternates the output voltage (Ga) (Gb) for driving the SCR gate every time the power is turned on by the one-touch zero volt gate output circuit (ZVS). This is what is output to. The reversible gate output circuit '(g)) may be provided on the output side of the rectifier (5).

FIG. 11 is an electric circuit diagram showing still another embodiment,
In the direct-P, instant start lighting circuit shown in Figure (a),
The polarity of the dismal state of the discharge lamp is alternately switched by the output voltage (Ga) (Gb) of the flip-flop zero-volt gate output circuit (11). Also, the same figure (b,)
By using a flip-flop zero-volt gate output circuit (11) combined with a timer (electronic time limit circuit), the polarity can be automatically switched at predetermined intervals.

<Effects of the Invention> The lightning lamp lighting device of the present invention as described above has the following unique effects.

(1) Since the polarity of the discharge lamp is switched each time it is lit, deterioration of the discharge lamp cathode is reduced.

(2) Since the ballast is excited by direct current, high-speed instantaneous starting and lighting can be performed.

] 3) As a result of configuring the DC lighting circuit by using at least one of the semiconductor switches, the switching structure is placed inside the cylinder, making it possible to provide a compact and inexpensive lighting fixture.

(4) Stable starting performance is achieved because the circuit corresponds to the discharge lamp's toka generation, ionization, and discharge phenomena.

(5) Since various types of switches can be used as the starting switch, a starting circuit suitable for the discharge lamp can be configured.

(6) Thermionic transfer vJt causes excitation, ionization, and discharge from the cathode side of the discharge lamp to the anode side. This makes it possible to further reduce the size and weight.

(8) When a TRIAC is used as a semiconductor switch, a high excitation voltage superimposed on the excitation voltage is generated.
Starting characteristics can be significantly improved.

(9) When an n-fold voltage rectifier circuit is configured by providing a capacitor length within the rectifier output, the instantaneous start lighting performance can be further improved.

(70) When a capacitor is placed in parallel with the ballast, the voltage can be increased by resonance and the light output characteristics of the discharge lamp can be improved.

(11) If multiple discharge lamps are placed within the rectifier output so that they can be started and lit at the same time, and multiple discharge lamps can be lit using one ballast, the circuit Economic efficiency improves. Also, simultaneous instantaneous lighting is smooth.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a specific circuit diagram of a starting switch, Fig. 3 is a basic circuit diagram showing another embodiment, Fig. 4 is a basic waveform diagram, Figures 5, 6 (aHb), and 7 to 11 are electrical circuit diagrams showing still other embodiments, and Figure 6 (C).
are voltage waveform diagrams in (a) and (b) of the same figure. (1)...Mechanical switch, (2)...Discharge lamp, (
3)...Start switch, (5)...Full wave rectifier, (
6)... Ballast, (Ql) (Q2) (Q3) (
Q4)...Semiconductor switch patent applicant Limited company
Goto Seisakusho Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. Figure 4 Figure 4 Denrougen? Figure 10 between n1Uj

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A device in which a ballast and a full-wave rectifier are provided between an AC power source and a discharge lamp is disposed within the rectifier, wherein a first switch is connected to one of the output poles of the rectifier, and a second switch is installed to the other of the output poles of the rectifier. a switch, at least one of the two switches is a semiconductor switch, a discharge lamp is connected between the two switches to constitute a DC lighting circuit, a diode opposite to the cathode of the discharge lamp is connected between the cathodes of the discharge lamp; A third switch is provided between the midpoint of the relative polar diode and one of the rectifier inputs to configure a DC excitation instant start lighting circuit, and a capacitor is connected between the rectifier input and between both cathodes of the discharge lamp. A discharge lamp lighting device characterized in that the semiconductor switch, the capacitor, and the ballast constitute an excitation voltage generation circuit, and when the third switch is opened, a high-voltage pulse is generated for instantaneous start-up and lighting. 2. The discharge lamp lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the first switch and the second switch switch the polarity of the discharge lamp each time the lamp is lit. 3. The discharge lamp lighting device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first switch and the second switch are semiconductor switches. 4. The discharge lamp lighting device according to claim 1, which has a mechanical switch that operates as a gate input for a semiconductor switch input. 5. DC excitation is performed by passing a DC short current through one of the four diodes constituting the rectifier. Any one of claims 1, 2, or 3 above. The discharge lamp lighting device described in . 6. DC excitation is performed by single-wave DC current flowing through one of the four diodes constituting the rectifier. Claims 1, 2, 3, or The discharge lamp lighting device according to any one of Item 5. 7. In cathode direct current preheating of a discharge lamp, one pole of the discharge lamp is first preheated as soon as the power is turned on, and then the other pole is electrically switched instantly to switch the preheating of the cathode. A discharge lamp lighting device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 5, and 6 above. 8. The discharge lamp lighting according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the excitation voltage is generated at the same time as the DC short current is energized, and is always performed by a circuit that passes through a semiconductor switch. Device. 9. The excitation voltage is generated by obtaining a DC resonant voltage using a ballast inductor, a capacitor capacitor, a semiconductor switch, and a diode. Electric light lighting device. 10. The capacitor inserted between the input of the rectifier is for light output, and the capacitor inserted between both cathodes of the discharge lamp is for starting, and is electrically operated. The discharge lamp lighting device according to any one of the above. 11. The discharge lamp lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the polarity of the relative polarity diode is such that the circuit is energized regardless of the polarity. 12. Any of the above claims 1 or 2, including that the third switch is a mechanical switch, a thermal switch, a semiconductor switch alone, or a combination of a mechanical switch and a semiconductor switch. The discharge lamp lighting device described in . 13. The discharge lamp lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the high-voltage pulse generation is obtained by an induction kick action of a ballast. 14. The discharge lamp lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the rectifier is a voltage doubler or n-times voltage rectifier circuit. 15. The discharge lamp lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein a plurality of discharge lamps are arranged and multiple lights are lit in combination with one or more ballasts. .