JPS62102898A - Dryer - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To utilize the heat generated by fermentation as a heat source for drying by conducting the high-temp. satd. air generated by the fermentation to a heat exchanger to heat the other drying air, further heating the air by heat exchange pipes provided through a fermentation vessel and conducting the heated air to a drying vessel. CONSTITUTION:A feed port 4 for a material to be dried, etc. and an air supplying machine 5 are provided to the fermentation vessel 1 to make fermentation of the material to be dried, etc. The material to be dried is intermittently moved to the drying vessel 2 by the rotation of the machine 5 and the drying is accelerated by an agitator 7. A perforated partition plate 23 having ejection ports 18 for the high- temp. air is attached to the boundary between the vessel 2 and a high temp. air vessel 3 so that the drying of the vessel 2 is executed by the above-mentioned high-temp. air. The material which is completed of drying and is dropped from a slit part 24 of the plate 23 is discharged by a conveyor 9. The high-temp. satd. air generated from the vessels 1, 2 is conducted to the heat exchanger 1 and the main flow of the other drying air heated therein is conducted to the many heat exchange pipes 16 and a high-temp. air pipe 17. The branch flow of the other drying air is supplied via the machine 5 into the vessel 1.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A. Object of the Invention Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to an apparatus for drying substances with high moisture content such as sludge, highly concentrated waste liquid, garbage, and agricultural waste.

Conventional technology and its problems Most of the materials mentioned above, which are primarily waste, can be reused as fertilizer or feed by drying, and even if they are to be disposed of by incineration, it is desirable to dry them.

Conventionally, methods for drying such substances with a high moisture content include methods using thermal power and methods using solar heat.

However, thermal power wastes valuable fuels such as oil, while solar power, although advantageous in terms of cost, significantly reduces its capacity during the rainy season and winter, is subject to large fluctuations due to weather, and requires a large area. This is a method with many problems.

The present invention takes into consideration the drawbacks of such conventional drying means,
It was developed with the aim of obtaining an effective drying method, and aims to utilize the heat generated when organic matter is fermented as a heat source for drying. Although the heat energy generated by this fermentation is smaller than the solar heat per unit time, at night,
During the day, an average amount of heat is obtained regardless of the weather, and by recycling, the amount of heat generated increases considerably over time, and it can be used as a heat source for drying. The present invention was achieved as a result of repeated research to obtain a device.

Composition of the Invention The composition of the present invention is an apparatus comprising a fermentation tank in the upper stage, a drying tank in the middle stage, and a high-temperature air tank in the lower stage, in which the fermentation tank has an inlet for drying materials, etc., and an air tank. A feeder is provided to ferment the material to be dried, and a large number of air feeders with fin plates are rotatably provided at the boundary between the fermentation tank and the drying tank. The material to be dried is thereby intermittently moved to the drying tank.The drying tank is equipped with an agitator for promoting drying, and a high-temperature air jet is provided at the boundary between the drying tank and the high-temperature air tank. A perforated partition plate is attached so that the drying tank is dried by the high-temperature air, and dried products dropped from the slint portion of the perforated partition plate are discharged into the high-temperature air tank. The fermentation tank and the drying tank are each equipped with a discharge pipe for taking out high-temperature saturated air generated from them, and the high-temperature saturated air is merged on the way. is guided to a heat exchanger by an exhaust fan, and other air heated by the heat exchanger is branched into a first stream and a tributary stream, and the mainstream heated air passes through a main stream pipe equipped with a supply blower and penetrates into the fermenter. The tributary heated air is guided through a number of heat exchange pipes provided therein, where it is sufficiently heated, and then passed through the drying tank and introduced into the high-temperature air tank, while the tributary heated air is provided with a supply air blower. The gist of the present invention is a drying device, characterized in that the air is connected to the air supply machine through a branch Jlt pipe so that the air is supplied into the fermentation tank from its jet port.

Means to solve the problem Taking advantage of the fact that a large amount of heat is generated due to fermentation when making compost, the device was made vertical, with a fermentation tank in the upper stage and a drying tank in the middle. Materials to be dried such as sludge and highly concentrated waste liquid are added to the tank, and if necessary, small pieces of fibrous materials such as sawdust, rice hulls, and small pieces of wood are mixed in to facilitate fermentation, or a part of the fermented and dried mixture is added. It is mixed repeatedly and fermented in this fermenter. The high-temperature saturated air generated by this fermentation is guided to a heat exchanger to heat other dry air, which is further heated by a heat exchange pipe that penetrates the fermenter, and then guided to a drying tank as a drying heat source. I used it. In addition, the high-temperature saturated air generated by this drying was also introduced into a heat exchanger to recirculate the heat energy, and a portion of the heated air was also introduced into the fermenter to promote fermentation.

That is, in the present invention, the fermenter is designed to be long vertically, and air supply devices are provided in multiple stages to perform efficient fermentation, and the heat exchange pipe passing through the tank is lengthened to increase the heat transfer area. It is possible to efficiently circulate and reuse heat energy without increasing the drying capacity by increasing the size, dry the material to be dried without applying any heat energy from other sources, and enable effective use of the dried material. It has various great features such as the ability to reduce the installation area of the device due to its design.

The invention will be explained by giving one embodiment and referring to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the device of the present invention.

As shown in this figure, in the present invention, a fermentation tank (1) is installed in the upper stage, a drying tank (2) is installed in the middle stage, and a high-temperature air tank (2) is installed in the lower stage.
3) are installed in series, and the whole device is long vertically and has a small footprint.

This fermenter (1) is provided with an input port (4) on the top surface for inputting materials to be dried, etc., and inside, for example, one air supply fi (5) group is placed in two stages. There is. As will be described later, the air supply devices (5) are pipe-shaped and rotatable, and a large number of air supply devices (5) are arranged in parallel and installed in the water pump.

In addition, this fermenter (1) has a large number of heat exchange pipes (16
) is provided vertically through the drying tank (2), and this heat exchange pipe (16) is connected to the high temperature air pipe (
17) and communicates with the lower high temperature air tank (3).

The boundary between the fermentation tank (1) and the drying tank (2) is located below the above-mentioned air supply machine (5) group, and the air supply machine (5) group at this position has a low installation density. It is tall and has a fin plate protruding from its outside as will be described later.

In other words, this lower air supply machine (5) group supplies heated air and moves the material to be dried from the fermentation tank (1) to the drying tank (2) intermittently as needed. It has become.

This drying tank (2) has a stirrer (
7) and is rotated by a motor (not shown).

A perforated partition plate (23) is provided at the boundary between this drying + PV (2) and the lower high temperature air tank (3), and a large number of high temperature air outlets (18) are perforated in this. There is.

This perforated partition plate (23) has a slint part (24) for dropping the dried products, and a take-out conveyor (9) is provided below it, that is, in the high-temperature air tank (3). .

Then, the discharge port (19) of the fermenter (1) and the drying tank (2)
High-temperature saturated air is discharged from the discharge ports (20) of the exhaust pipes (22), and these airs meet in the middle and are sent to the heat exchanger (l l) by the exhaust fan (21). It looks like it will be. This high temperature saturated air heats other air within the heat exchanger (11).

This heated other air is guided to the feed pipe (13), which has a main pipe (25) and a branch pipe (25) on the way.
6) It is branched into.

The air flow in the main stream V (25) is communicated in parallel with the aforementioned plurality of heat exchange pipes (16) by a supply blower (15), so that the air flow in the main stream V (25) is roughly heated. (17) and is led to the lower high temperature air tank (3). On the other hand, the tributary pipe (2
The air flow in 6) is guided by the air supply blower (14) to the above-mentioned air supply 46@(5).

FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing one example of the air supply device according to the present invention, and (a) shows one end side.

(b) shows the other end side.

As shown in this figure, the air supply device (5) has a supply pipe (27) provided with a large number of air ejection ports (28) from which heated air is ejected. Furthermore, a fin plate (29) is protruded from the outside of this supply pipe (27), and a drive shaft (
30) allows the whole to rotate. In other words, when this air supply machine (5) is stopped,
The fin plates (29) come close together to prevent the material to be dried from falling, and when necessary, the air supply device (5) is used to move the material to be dried from the fermentation tank (1) to the drying tank (2). ) is temporarily rotated, the fin plate (29) exerts an oyster-dropping action and moves by a desired amount.

In addition, the hollow shaft (31) has a shaft sealing portion (
32) and a ring-shaped perkin (33), it is rotatably connected to the fixed air pipe (34) while preventing air leakage.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the heat exchange pipe according to the present invention.

As shown in this figure, the heat exchange pipe (16) has spiral fins (35) on its outer periphery and spiral vanes (36) inside.

Note that this spiral blade (36) is attached to a support rod (37).

The contact area of the spiral fins (35) is expanded to efficiently exchange heat, and at the same time, the high-temperature saturated air generated during one fermentation rises while traveling along the bottom of the fins (35). ).

Moreover, the internal spiral vanes (36) enhance heat transfer and at the same time prevent backflow of airflow.

Function The present invention has the above-mentioned configuration, and its usage and function will be explained.

First, the material to be dried is input from the input port (4) of the fermenter (1). Items with good ventilation even if they contain a lot of moisture, such as agricultural waste, are input as is, and sludge and highly concentrated waste liquid are input as is. For those with high viscosity and poor air permeability, and those that are low in organic matter and cannot be fermented as they are, mix them with the aforementioned fibrous pieces or a part of the fermented dry material, and mix them with an appropriate amount of 50 ml that can ferment the moisture. It is then added after bringing it up to 70%.

Then, when fermentation begins and the temperature rises to about 70'C, the air supply device (5) is intermittently rotated to move the material to the lower layer and drop it into the drying tank (2) for drying.

The high-temperature saturated air generated by this fermentation and the high-temperature saturated air that has absorbed moisture through drying are taken out from the exhaust ports (19) and (20) into the exhaust pipe (22) and combined with the exhaust fan (2).
1) leads to the heat exchanger (11).

In this heat exchanger (11), the high-temperature saturated air heats other air and is discharged, and a portion of the water becomes condensed water and is drained from the drain pipe (12).

Other air heated by this heat exchanger (11) is
The water branches into a main wave pipe (25) and a tributary pipe (26), which are connected to the feed pipe (13).

The airflow in the main pipe (25) is transferred by a supply blower (15) to a number of heat exchange pipes (16) passing through the fermenter (1).
).

The heat exchange pipe (16) has spiral fins (3
5), and the high-temperature saturated air generated in the fermenter (1) rises while passing under the spiral fins (35), efficiently heating the airflow inside the pipe, and this airflow Here, the heated air is sufficiently heated and introduced into the lower high-temperature air tank (3) through the high-temperature air pipe (17), and then blown into the drying tank (2) through the outlet (18) of the perforated partition plate (23). It comes into contact with the material to be dried, absorbs its moisture, dries it, becomes saturated air, and is again discharged from the discharge port (20), whereupon the thermal energy is circulated in the same manner.

Note that the amount of airflow flowing through this main pipe (25), that is, the amount of air used for drying, is preferably 200 to 50011/min.

On the other hand, the airflow of the branch I&pipe (26) is controlled by one air supply blower (14
), the air is guided to the air supply machine (5) installed in multiple stages (two stages in the case of Figure 1) in the form of shelves in the drying tank (1), and from this spout (28) into the fermenter (1). The air is blown in to promote fermentation, becomes high-temperature saturated air, and is discharged from the outlet (19), which is then circulated in the same manner to reuse thermal energy.

Note that the air volume of this tributary pipe (26), that is, the fermentation promoting air, is preferably 50 to 100 g/min.

If the fermentation is promoted, the air supply device (5) is rotated intermittently as described above to move the material to be dried in appropriate amounts to the drying tank (2), and if the drying in the drying tank (2) is promoted, the material is taken out. The conveyor (9) is driven to discharge the dried product from the outlet (10).

Of course, new material to be dried can be supplied from the input port (4) by the amount reduced by dropping from the fermentation tank (1) to the drying tank (2).

In addition, a partition plate (6) is fixed between the heat exchange pipe (16) and the high temperature air pipe (17), which allows for 4f of fermentation! The high temperature saturated air generated in (1) is transferred to the drying tank (2).
This prevents the water from flowing backwards.

When the drying is accelerated, the load on the agitator (7) in the drying tank (2) is reduced and the number of revolutions is increased to further accelerate the drying. When part or all of the dried material is taken out by the conveyor (9), the same amount of the dried material is transferred to the fin plate (29) by rotating the air supply device (5).
As described above, the oysters are removed from the fermentation tank (1) and transferred to the drying tank (2). This air supply machine (
5) Normally, each operation takes 3 to 10 minutes, and the number of rotations is as low as 3 to 15 times/minute to reduce the load on the gasket, and the degree of rotation is usually several times a day. It is.

As a result of the above, the material to be dried in the fermentation tank (1) has a moisture content of 50 to 60% due to fermentation and transfers to the drying tank (2). dries to about 20%.

C. Effects of the Invention The effects of the present invention are that the material to be dried with a high moisture content is dried using its own fermentation heat, and an average drying capacity can be obtained regardless of day or night or weather, and the fermentation heat can be circulated. Efficient drying can be achieved through its use.

Moreover, since the device of the present invention is installed vertically,
The installation area is small and economical, and the heat exchange pipes are also long, increasing the heat transfer area and producing a large amount of high-temperature dry air. Moreover, since it is vertically long, air supply machines can be installed in multiple stages in the fermenter, and heated air can be uniformly supplied to promote fermentation.

In addition, the spiral fins installed on the outside of the heat exchange pipe promote heat exchange and at the same time have the effect of raising the generated high-temperature saturated air to the top of the fermenter, resulting in a smooth air flow. be.

Furthermore, in the device of the present invention, fermentation and drying are performed continuously, and movement from the fermenter to the dryer can be achieved arbitrarily and very smoothly using a rotatable air supply device with a fin plate. .

In this way, the dried processed material can be reused as fertilizer, feed, or fuel, and can be easily handled by incineration, etc.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of the device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a partial perspective view showing one example of the air supply device according to the present invention, in which (a) shows one end side and (b) shows the other end side. :J, Figure 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the heat exchange pipe in the present invention.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An apparatus comprising a fermentation tank in the upper stage, a drying tank in the middle stage, and a high-temperature air tank in the lower stage, in which the fermentation tank has an inlet for drying materials, etc., and an air supply machine. A number of air supply machines each having a fin plate are rotatably provided at the boundary between the fermentation tank and the drying tank. The material to be dried is intermittently moved to the drying tank, the drying tank is equipped with an agitator for promoting drying, and a boundary between the drying tank and the high-temperature air tank has a hot air outlet. A perforated partition plate is attached so that the drying tank is dried by the high-temperature air, and the dried material dropped from the slit of the perforated partition plate is discharged into the high-temperature air tank. The fermentation tank and the drying tank are each equipped with a discharge pipe for taking out the high-temperature saturated air generated from them, and the high-temperature saturated air is combined in the middle. The other air heated by the heat exchanger is led to a heat exchanger by an exhaust fan, and the other air is divided into a main stream and a tributary stream, and the main stream heated air passes through a main stream pipe equipped with a supply blower and penetrates into the fermenter. The heated air is guided through a plurality of heat exchange pipes provided, where it is sufficiently heated, and then passed through the drying tank and introduced into the high temperature air tank, while the tributary heated air is passed through a tributary pipe equipped with a supply air blower. A drying device, characterized in that the drying device is connected to the air supply device so that the air is supplied into the fermentation tank from its spout. 2. The drying device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchange pipe has spiral fins on the outside and spiral blades on the inside.