JPS6159699B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION a. Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a method for dehulling peanuts and other legumes handled by the peanut and other legume handling industry and the producing agricultural industry.

b. Prior Art The conventionally used dehulling machines vary depending on the type of bean, but in the case of dehulling beans, a machine as shown in Fig. 3 is used. That is, the tips of the spokes 12 of the two wheels 11 attached to the rotating shaft,
The tips of the corresponding spokes are hardwood Hiraki 13
Connect at. Cylindrical case 1 that encloses this rotating body
The lower part of 4 is a grid 15.

If peanuts with hulls are supplied from the raw material inlet 16, the peanuts with hulls will be compressed and rubbed between the flat wood 13 and the lattice 15, and the husks will be destroyed and separated from the beans inside, falling together from the openings of the lattice 15. Only the inner beans are separated and collected using a wind sieve. Next, soybeans, adzuki beans, etc. have a much weaker structure than peanuts, so they can be easily shed. However, the rotating part is a cylindrical body with a large number of inverted U-shaped round bars attached to the cylindrical surface, and can be rotated at a relatively high speed.

If beans with outer shells are supplied from the raw material inlet, they will be hit by the inverted U-shaped round steel, compressed, and further rubbed to break the outer skins and fall through the grid along with the inner beans. As with peanuts, only the inner beans are collected through a wind sieve.

c Problems to be solved by the invention The problems of peanuts and other legumes are somewhat different. First of all, for peanuts, the compression and friction effects of the flat wood and grid in conventional machines work in a disorderly manner in order, strength, and number of times, so the harvested products are not only beans with the desired astringent skin, but also have scratches on the astringent skin. those whose wounds have reached the inside of their body,
Broken beans are mixed in, and the germ part is protruding, so there are many chips, and the product yield often drops to 50%.

Beans with damaged astringent skins or beans with scratches that reach the inside are easily oxidized and their flavor deteriorates, resulting in a decrease in value, while crushed beans have a commercial value of zero. Therefore, the industry is making strenuous efforts to increase product yields.

In addition, the product yield of soybeans and adzuki beans is not as bad as that of peanuts, but in this case, the dehulling machine has to be used at relatively high speed due to its performance, so a large amount of beans are destroyed by the impact of the inverted U-shaped round steel. It has been crushed.
In other words, there is currently a need for a high-yield method for dehulling not only peanuts but also other legumes.

d. Means for Solving the Problems In the present invention, peanuts and other pulses are first passed through a gap between two parallel rolls having the same speed. A rubber layer is attached to the surface of the roll. The hardness of the rubber is selected depending on the beans being handled, but by making one roll's rubber hard and the other soft, it is possible to handle beans of various hardnesses. It allows for smooth passage and at the same time has good efficiency in breaking the outer skin.

What passes through the nip between the rolls is then placed between two rubber belts that are all parallel and run at different speeds. The surface of the rubber belt has many unevenness,
Make the width and height difference larger than the diameter of the beans inside. The unevenness may be formed by, for example, providing rows of protrusions that intersect vertically and horizontally or diagonally, or by digging grooves that intersect vertically and horizontally or diagonally. Make the contents larger than the diameter of the beans you will be handling.

The two rubber belts are driven with almost no gap between the tops of the protrusions or the upper edges of the grooves. Through the above two steps, peanuts and other beans can be dehulled with a yield of nearly 100%.

e Effects When analyzing the mechanism of peeling of peanuts and other legumes, it can be broken down into various effects such as pressure, friction, and impact.The reason for the low product yield of conventional dehulling machines is the order and strength of the above-mentioned effects. It is thought that the process is chaotic and the number of actions is repeated unnecessarily, leading to the destruction of the beans inside.

Therefore, in the present invention, the impact effect is eliminated,
The order of the pressure friction action is determined, the strength is fixed, and in order to prevent these actions from occurring repeatedly, consideration is given to ensuring that the beans that have already shed their shells are removed from the range of the pressure and friction action.

First, peanuts and other beans with hulls are passed between two rubber-layered rolls at the same speed, so that they are subjected to pure compression, leaving only the hulls without any change in the beans inside. give cracks or breakage;

Next, those that have cracked or broken the outer skin are drawn between parallel rubber belts with different speeds,
The outer skin peels off due to the frictional action including a slight pressure action, and the separated inner beans fall into the unevenness of the rubber belt and are out of the range of the above action, allowing them to come out from between the rubber belts without being damaged.

f Example As an example of the present invention, an example of peanuts will be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

1: If peanuts with hulls are input at the raw material supply port,
The raw material is placed in an upper raw material storage tank 3 by an elevator 2. At the bottom of the raw material storage tank 3, there are two rubber-applied rolls 4 and 4', which rotate inward at the same speed, so the peanuts with hulls are drawn between the rolls 4 and 4' and are compressed. receive. However, since the hardness of the surface rubber of the rolls 4 and 4' is different, the peanuts with the husk are embedded deeper into the softer rubber, and the husk is greatly distorted, causing cracks or destruction. However, there is no change in the astringent skinned beans inside.

Next, the peanut that came out between the rolls is shoot 5
The rubber belts 6 are horizontal and touch each other vertically.
and 6'. On these surfaces, rows of protrusions 6a as shown in FIG. 2 are provided vertically and horizontally.
They are moving at different speeds while touching the heads of the protrusions 6a. The spacing and height between the rows of protrusions 6a are made to be slightly larger than the diameter of the astringent-skinned beans. Peanuts with cracked or broken hulls have upper and lower protrusions 6a.
Due to the speed difference, the outer skin is peeled off due to the frictional effect, and the separated beans with astringent skin fall between the protrusions 6a, and while other peanuts are being subjected to the frictional effect,
Escape outside the area and do not receive any damage.

Rubber belts 6 and 6' are used for the hull fragments and beans with astringent skins.
The beans fall together from the other end, but during the fall, the pieces of the husk are blown away from the machine by the airflow from the wind sieving fan 7, and only the beans with the astringent skin fall onto the vibrating conveyor 8. The bottom of the vibrating conveyor 8 is a sieve 9, and the beans with astringent skins are sieved and fall onto the product conveyor 10 further below, where they are conveyed to a predetermined position. What remains on the vibrating conveyor 8 is only occasional peeled peanuts, which are sent to the lower part of the elevator 2 and circulated through the above steps again.

In this way, beans with astringent skin can be collected with a yield of nearly 100%.

g. Effects of the invention The present invention significantly increases the amount of collected beans, and since the germs of these beans are intact, the germination rate when planted is approximately 100%, and the beans handling industry and contribute greatly to the economic improvement of the agricultural industry.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a partial perspective view of a rubber belt used therein, and Fig. 3 is a side sectional view of a conventional peanut hulling machine. It is. 3: raw material storage tank, 4 and 4': rubber layer pasted roll, 6 and 6': rubber belt, 7: wind sieve fan, 8: vibrating conveyor, 9: sieve, 10: product conveyor.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 Peanuts or other legumes with hulls are pasted with a rubber layer on the surface and passed through a gap between two rolls rotating in parallel and at the same speed, causing cracks and partial destruction only in the hulls. peanuts and other beans, which are characterized by moving in parallel and at different speeds to separate the outer shell and the inner beans by passing through a gap between rubber belts having uneven surfaces, and at the same time storing and protecting the inner beans in recesses. How to remove the outer skin of beans. 2. The method for peeling peanuts and other legumes according to claim 1, wherein the rubber layer on one roll is hard and the rubber layer on the other roll is soft. 3. Rubber belts with uneven surfaces referred to in Paragraph 1 are provided with rows of protrusions or grooves on the surface vertically and horizontally or diagonally, and the gaps and heights of the rows of protrusions or the width and depth of the grooves are made from peanut or other materials. Claim 1, characterized in that the content of the beans is larger than the diameter of the beans.
Method for peeling peanuts and other legumes as described in Section 1.