JPS6149277B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6149277B2 JPS6149277B2 JP54031806A JP3180679A JPS6149277B2 JP S6149277 B2 JPS6149277 B2 JP S6149277B2 JP 54031806 A JP54031806 A JP 54031806A JP 3180679 A JP3180679 A JP 3180679A JP S6149277 B2 JPS6149277 B2 JP S6149277B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chlorella
- fermentation
- fermented
- fermented fertilizer
- producing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000249214 Chlorella pyrenoidosa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000009108 Chlorella vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000652855 Collophidium ellipsoides Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007091 Chlorella pyrenoidosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007089 Chlorella vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 30
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 29
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000186361 Actinobacteria <class> Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007952 growth promoter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019645 odor Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000234435 Lilium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000195648 Pseudochlorella pringsheimii Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000131970 Rhodospirillaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-UVKKECPRSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2,7, Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].C1([C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)[N-]\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-UVKKECPRSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009335 monocropping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037039 plant physiology Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001850 reproductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
本発明は、各種有機性資材を用いる発酵肥料の
製造法に関する。
従来、発酵肥料は、し尿、下水、家蓄ふん尿、
汚泥、各種動植物産業廃棄物、農畜混廃棄物等の
各種有機性廃棄物を鋸屑、籾殻、バーミキユライ
ト、活性炭等で水分を55〜65％に調製し、それに
酵母、細菌、カビ等の各種発酵微生物を適量添加
混合して、加温または自然条件下に堆積発酵せし
めて製造されていた。熟成期間は、材料の分解の
容易によつても異なるが、自然発酵の場合約３ケ
月かゝる。この期間は、加温または酵素添加する
ことによつて短縮できるが、そのために必要な施
設、電力、燃料、運転管理費が当然要求され、必
ずしも経済性のある方法とは考えられず、また良
質な完熟した肥料を得ることが困難である。
本発明者らは、発酵肥料とクロレラおよび光合
成細菌との相関性について鋭意研究した結果、ク
ロレラが乳酸菌、酵母、カビ類におよぼす生育促
進効果、光合成細菌が乳酸菌、放線菌、酵母、カ
ビ類におよぼす顕著な生育促進効果を数多くの実
験により確認し、クロレラおよび光合成細菌を有
機性資材の発酵過程に適宜添加することによつ
て、発酵全期間を短縮し、良質かつ特異的な植物
生理作用のある発酵肥料を製造できることを見出
し、本発明を完成するに至つた。
本発明者らにより既に見出されたクロレラおよ
び光合成細菌の有機性廃棄物処理、植物生理作
用、生化学、栄養化学等の分野における種々の知
見は、たとえば特許第751646号（植物への有効物
質注射法）、特許第885595号（光合成細菌の好気
性処理による有機性廃水処理法）、特許第881687
号（食品の着色方法）の明細書において述べられ
ている。
本発明は、上記クロレラおよび光合成細菌を発
酵肥料製造過程において利用するもので、その要
旨は、各種有機性資材を用いて発酵肥料を製造す
るに際し、クロレラおよび光合成細菌を添加する
ことを特徴とする発酵肥料の製造法である。
各種有機性資材としては、前述したようなし
尿、下水、家蓄ふん尿、汚泥、各種動植物産業廃
棄物、農畜菌廃棄物等の各種有機性廃棄物より
種々の方法で調整したものが用いられる。好まし
い一例としては、動物糞尿をメタン発酵せしめ、
その残渣にコーヒー粕、おから、乳製品粕、味淋
粕、糖蜜より選ばれた一種以上を配合し、鋸屑、
籾殻、バーミキユライト、活性炭より選ばれた１
種以上により、水分を55〜65％に調整したものが
挙げられる。
クロレラとしては、クロレラ・ブルガリス
（C.vulgaris）、クロレラ・ピレノイドサ（C.
pyrenoidosa）、クロレラ・エリプソイデイア
（C.ellipsoides）などが挙げられる。クロレラは
緑葉類に属する藻類の一種で、その栄養組成は、
蛋白質が50％程度であるが、ビタミンＡ、ビタミ
ンB12、ビタミンＣが多量含有され、またビタミ
ンEt100〜180γと多く、小麦の幼芽中の量を匹
敵する。これらの成分が発酵微生成物の生育促進
剤的働きをなすものと考えられ、その証拠に、ク
ロレラの稀塩酸抽出物である一種のペプタイドが
乳酸菌の増殖を促進させ、酵母のアルコール発酵
においてCO2の発生量を増加させ、またマツシユ
リユームの如き場合は、その基質に加えることに
より発生を促進させることが確認されている。
光合成細菌としては、有機物資化性のある紅色
無硫黄細菌を用いるのが好ましい。この菌は光・
嫌気、暗・好気いずれの条件にても主として有機
物を基質として増殖し、また暗・嫌気の条件にて
は発酵によりエネルギーを獲得して増殖すること
が知られている。この菌の塩酸抽出物、熱水抽出
物は、前記のクロレラのC.G.Fより乳酸菌の発育
促進効果があることが立証され、アスペルギル
ス・オリゼー（A.oryzae）等に対しても同様の
生育促進作用がある。これらのことは生し尿無希
釈処理においても、他の共生する微生物との相乗
作用により、処理が著しく促進される事実よりも
観察される。一方、この菌が土壌中に入ることに
より放線菌を増殖せしめて糸状菌をおさえ、連作
障害等を防除し、健全な植物体の発育を維持せし
め、さらに本菌の重要な作用である窒素固定能力
を、他の共生菌と共に増大せしめる役割を果た
す。
次に本発明の発酵肥料製造の一態様を述べる。
畜舎排水路および排出装置より排出せしめた豚
糞尿を、まず貯溜兼メタン発酵槽（１日排出糞尿
量の約30〜60倍の貯槽が適当、寒冷地では100倍
位必要）に入れ、地下および保温による自然条件
下にて、メタン発酵せしめる。発生するメタンガ
スは、ガスホルダー等を経て、メタンガスボイラ
ーに通じ、後述する発酵反応槽の底部に埋設され
たパイプにより加温材料として利用される。メタ
ン発酵残渣は、毎日一定量を引抜き、これにコー
ヒー粕、おから、乳製品粕、味淋粕、糖蜜等を配
合し、鋸屑等にて水分を55〜65％に調整し、発酵
用の種菌の適量とゝもに混和機に入れる。この
際、上記添加微生物の生育促進剤としての作用を
なさしめるため、本発明の特徴であるクロレラお
よび光合成細菌を添加する。これらを混和機にて
均一混和せしめた後、深さ２ｍ、長さ60ｍの全自
動式発酵反応槽に導く。この発酵反応槽において
は、１日１ｍ進行するようにし、発酵期間が60日
となる。この発酵期間中、最初の約30日は前発酵
の期間とし、次の約15日間は第２次発酵の期間と
し、最後の約15日間は第３次調整発酵の期間とす
る。前発酵においては、クロレラおよび光合成細
菌の作用により発酵を促進し、タイマーにセツト
した適当な時間により、間欠的に切換を行い、発
酵をさらに助長せしめる。最高温度約70〜75℃を
経て前発酵を終わる。第２次発酵は約45℃〜60
℃、第３次調整発酵は約35〜50℃を経て完全熟成
に入る。この第２〜３次の後発酵中に、光合成細
菌の適量を撤布混合し、熟成の促進を図るとゝも
に、高度の混和切換により、光合成細菌の増殖を
図る。以上の工程を経て、製品１ｇ中106〜108の
活性のある光合成細菌を保有する発酵肥料を得る
ことができる。
本発明によれば次のような利点を有する。
(1) 従来法に比し、発酵完了全期間を1/3程度短
縮することができる。
(2) 発酵中に基質より生ずるメルカプタン、硫化
水素等の悪臭を除去することができるとゝも
に、製品におけるこれら悪臭のトラブルを解消
することができる。
(3) 成品は窒素固定能力を保持し、根の呼吸作用
を促進する効果がある。
(4) 窒素固定能力を保持する反面、窒素過剰障害
を排除し、放線菌の如き有用菌を増殖せしめ、
特に生殖生長期の追肥に用いて、増収、着色、
糖量増大等の効果を持つ。
以上のように、本発明は、発酵肥料製造工程中
にクロレラおよび光合成細菌を適宜に添加使用す
ることにより、発酵を促進せしめて完熱した発酵
肥料を短期間に製造できるものであり、その製品
は増殖した光合成細菌を含有しているので、従来
の発酵肥料にない特異的な生理活性を有するもの
である。また、現今における廃棄物の再生有効利
用をさらに高度化せしめるものでもある。
以下、実施例を挙げて説明する。
実施例 １
豚糞尿を30日容のメタンガス発生装置に毎日投
入し、一方、30日嫌気消化せしめた汚泥を引抜い
て、鋸屑、コーヒー粕および適量の発酵菌元種と
混和し、水分を60％前後に調整しながら、混和物
１m3に対して乾燥クロレラ200〜300ｇと光合成細
菌懸濁液５を撤布混和し、連続発酵槽に投入し
た。適宜に撹拌しながら発酵を続け、発酵後期の
45℃前後のころ、光合成細菌懸濁液を混和物１m3
当り５撤布した。発酵槽において60日間にて完
熟し、発酵肥料を得た。この発酵肥料の成分組成
等を第１表に示す。
The present invention relates to a method for producing fermented fertilizer using various organic materials. Traditionally, fermented fertilizers are used for human waste, sewage, household waste,
Various organic wastes such as sludge, various animal and plant industrial wastes, mixed agricultural and livestock wastes are adjusted to a moisture content of 55-65% using sawdust, rice husks, vermiculite, activated carbon, etc., and yeast, bacteria, mold, etc. It was produced by adding and mixing appropriate amounts of various fermenting microorganisms and fermenting the mixture under heating or natural conditions. The maturing period varies depending on how easily the ingredients decompose, but in the case of natural fermentation it takes about three months. This period can be shortened by heating or adding enzymes, but this naturally requires facilities, electricity, fuel, and operation and management costs, and is not necessarily considered an economical method. It is difficult to obtain fully ripened fertilizer. As a result of intensive research into the correlation between fermented fertilizers, chlorella, and photosynthetic bacteria, the present inventors found that chlorella has a growth-promoting effect on lactic acid bacteria, yeast, and molds, and that photosynthetic bacteria have a positive effect on lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, and molds. Through numerous experiments, we have confirmed the remarkable growth-promoting effect that chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria have on fermentation of organic materials. They discovered that a certain fermented fertilizer could be produced and completed the present invention. Various findings already discovered by the present inventors in the fields of organic waste treatment, plant physiology, biochemistry, nutritional chemistry, etc. of Chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria are disclosed in, for example, Patent No. 751646 (Effective Substances for Plants). injection method), Patent No. 885595 (organic wastewater treatment method using aerobic treatment of photosynthetic bacteria), Patent No. 881687
(Method for coloring foods). The present invention utilizes the above-mentioned chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria in the process of producing fermented fertilizer, and the gist thereof is that chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria are added when producing fermented fertilizer using various organic materials. This is a method for producing fermented fertilizer. The various organic materials used include those prepared by various methods from various organic wastes such as human waste, sewage, household manure, sludge, various animal and plant industrial wastes, and agricultural and livestock wastes as described above. . As a preferable example, animal excrement is subjected to methane fermentation,
The residue is mixed with one or more selected from coffee grounds, okara, dairy lees, ajirin lees, and molasses, and sawdust,
1 selected from rice husk, vermiculite, and activated carbon
Depending on the species, the moisture content may be adjusted to 55-65%. Chlorella includes Chlorella vulgaris (C.vulgaris), Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C.
pyrenoidosa), Chlorella ellipsoidea (C.ellipsoides), etc. Chlorella is a type of algae that belongs to the green-leaved family, and its nutritional composition is as follows:
Although the protein content is about 50%, it contains large amounts of vitamin A, vitamin B 12 and vitamin C, and the amount of vitamin Et is 100 to 180 gamma, comparable to the amount in young wheat sprouts. These components are thought to act as growth promoters for fermented microproducts, and the proof is that a type of peptide, which is a diluted hydrochloric acid extract of chlorella, promotes the growth of lactic acid bacteria and releases CO2 during alcoholic fermentation of yeast. It has been confirmed that it can increase the amount of pine lily produced, and in cases such as pine yume, it can promote the production by adding it to the substrate. As the photosynthetic bacteria, it is preferable to use purple non-sulfur bacteria that have the ability to convert organic matter. This bacterium is light
It is known that it grows mainly using organic matter as a substrate under both anaerobic and dark/aerobic conditions, and that it grows by acquiring energy through fermentation under dark/anaerobic conditions. It has been proven that the hydrochloric acid extract and hot water extract of this bacterium are more effective in promoting the growth of lactic acid bacteria than the above-mentioned CGF of chlorella, and have a similar growth promoting effect on Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae). be. These things are also observed in the undiluted human waste treatment, as the treatment is significantly accelerated due to the synergistic action with other symbiotic microorganisms. On the other hand, when this fungus enters the soil, it multiplies actinomycetes, suppresses filamentous fungi, prevents continuous cropping disorders, maintains healthy plant growth, and also fixes nitrogen, which is an important function of this fungus. It plays a role in increasing the ability of bacteria together with other symbiotic bacteria. Next, one embodiment of fermented fertilizer production according to the present invention will be described. Pig manure discharged from the livestock shed drainage channels and discharge equipment is first put into a storage and methane fermentation tank (a storage tank with a capacity of about 30 to 60 times the amount of manure discharged per day is appropriate; in cold regions, about 100 times is necessary), and then the waste is stored underground and Methane fermentation is carried out under natural conditions through heat retention. The generated methane gas passes through a gas holder and the like to a methane gas boiler, and is used as a heating material through a pipe buried in the bottom of the fermentation reaction tank, which will be described later. A certain amount of methane fermentation residue is extracted every day, mixed with coffee grounds, okara, dairy lees, aji lees, molasses, etc., and the moisture content is adjusted to 55-65% with sawdust, etc., and used for fermentation. Add an appropriate amount of starter culture to a mixer. At this time, chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria, which are the characteristics of the present invention, are added in order to make the added microorganisms act as growth promoters. After uniformly mixing these with a mixer, they are introduced into a fully automatic fermentation reaction tank with a depth of 2m and a length of 60m. In this fermentation reaction tank, the fermentation period is 60 days, with a speed of 1 m per day. During this fermentation period, the first approximately 30 days are a period of pre-fermentation, the next approximately 15 days are a period of secondary fermentation, and the last approximately 15 days are a period of tertiary conditioning fermentation. In pre-fermentation, fermentation is promoted by the action of chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria, and the fermentation is further promoted by switching intermittently at an appropriate time set on a timer. The pre-fermentation ends after reaching a maximum temperature of approximately 70-75℃. The second fermentation is about 45℃~60℃
℃, the tertiary controlled fermentation begins at approximately 35 to 50℃ before complete ripening. During the second and third post-fermentations, an appropriate amount of photosynthetic bacteria is removed and mixed to promote ripening, and the photosynthetic bacteria are multiplied by a high degree of mixing. Through the above steps, a fermented fertilizer containing 10 6 to 10 8 active photosynthetic bacteria per gram of the product can be obtained. The present invention has the following advantages. (1) Compared to conventional methods, the total time for completion of fermentation can be shortened by about 1/3. (2) It is possible to remove bad odors such as mercaptan and hydrogen sulfide generated from substrates during fermentation, and also to solve problems caused by these bad odors in products. (3) The product retains nitrogen fixation ability and has the effect of promoting root respiration. (4) While retaining nitrogen fixation ability, it also eliminates nitrogen excess damage and allows useful bacteria such as actinomycetes to grow.
Especially used for top-dressing during the reproductive growth period to increase yield, color,
It has the effect of increasing sugar content. As described above, the present invention is capable of producing fully heated fermented fertilizer in a short period of time by promoting fermentation by appropriately adding and using chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria during the fermented fertilizer production process, and the product thereof. Because it contains propagated photosynthetic bacteria, it has specific physiological activities not found in conventional fermented fertilizers. It will also further advance the current recycling and effective use of waste. Examples will be described below. Example 1 Pig manure and urine were put into a methane gas generator with a capacity of 30 days every day, and the sludge that had been anaerobically digested for 30 days was pulled out and mixed with sawdust, coffee grounds, and an appropriate amount of fermentation bacteria to reduce the water content to 60%. While adjusting back and forth, 200 to 300 g of dried chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria suspension 5 were mixed by stirring per 1 m 3 of the mixture, and the mixture was poured into a continuous fermentation tank. Continue fermentation while stirring appropriately, and
At around 45℃, add 1 m 3 of photosynthetic bacteria suspension to the mixture.
I hit 5 and withdrew. It was fully ripened in a fermenter for 60 days to obtain fermented fertilizer. Table 1 shows the component composition of this fermented fertilizer.
【表】【table】
【表】
この発酵肥料は、従来法による発酵肥料に比
し、腐植で50％以上多く、逆に炭素率、リグニン
含量は50％以上低く、優良な肥料と判定される。
実施例 ２
上記発酵肥料と従来法によつて製造された発酵
肥料を用い、トマト果実の収量および土壌中の微
生物数を調べた。結果を第２表および第３表に示
す。[Table] This fermented fertilizer has more than 50% more humus and more than 50% less carbon and lignin content than conventionally fermented fertilizers, and is judged to be an excellent fertilizer. Example 2 The yield of tomato fruit and the number of microorganisms in the soil were investigated using the above fermented fertilizer and a fermented fertilizer produced by a conventional method. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3.
【表】【table】
【表】
実施例 ３
ゴルフ場の草地管理のため、禾本科以外の草の
除草のため、毎年２〜３回１m2当り３ｇ程度の除
草剤を使用するが、その撤布後の草地管理のた
め、発酵肥料撤布を行なう。この効果について、
本発明の発酵肥料と従来法の発酵肥料を対比し
た。なお、施肥は除草剤使用後15日を経て、１m2
当りそれぞれ５Kg撤布した。この結果を第４表に
示す。[Table] Example 3 For the management of grasslands at golf courses, approximately 3g of herbicide per square meter is used 2 to 3 times a year to weed out grasses other than the normal grasses. Therefore, fermented fertilizer will be removed. Regarding this effect,
The fermented fertilizer of the present invention was compared with the fermented fertilizer of a conventional method. Fertilization should be done 15 days after using the herbicide, and then 1m2
We removed 5kg each. The results are shown in Table 4.
Claims (1)
に際し、クロレラおよび光合成細菌を添加するこ
とを特徴とする発酵肥料の製造法。 ２ 有機性資材として、動物糞尿をメタン発酵せ
しめ、その残渣にコーヒー粕、おから、乳製品
粕、味淋粕、糖蜜より選ばれた一種以上を配合
し、鋸屑、籾殻、バーミキユライト、活性炭より
選ばれた一種以上により、水分を55〜65％に調整
したものを用いる特許請求の範囲第１項記載の発
酵肥料の製造法。 ３ クロレラとしてクロレラ・ブルガリス（C.
vulgaris）、クロレラ・ピレノイドサ（C.
pyrenoidosa）、クロレラ・エリプソイデイア
（C.ellipsoides）のうち一種以上、光合成細菌と
して有機物資化性のある紅色無硫黄細菌を用いる
特許請求の範囲第１項記載の発酵肥料の製造法。[Scope of Claims] 1. A method for producing fermented fertilizer, which comprises adding chlorella and photosynthetic bacteria when producing fermented fertilizer using various organic materials. 2. As organic materials, animal manure is methane-fermented, and the residue is mixed with one or more selected from coffee grounds, okara, dairy lees, soybean lees, and molasses, as well as sawdust, rice husks, vermiculite, and activated carbon. The method for producing a fermented fertilizer according to claim 1, which uses one or more selected fertilizers having a moisture content of 55 to 65%. 3 Chlorella as Chlorella vulgaris (C.
vulgaris), Chlorella pyrenoidosa (C.
2. The method for producing a fermented fertilizer according to claim 1, which uses one or more of C. ellipsoides (C. pyrenoidosa) and C. ellipsoides (C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3180679A JPS55126593A (en) | 1979-03-20 | 1979-03-20 | Manufacture fermented fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3180679A JPS55126593A (en) | 1979-03-20 | 1979-03-20 | Manufacture fermented fertilizer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS55126593A JPS55126593A (en) | 1980-09-30 |
| JPS6149277B2 true JPS6149277B2 (en) | 1986-10-28 |
Family
ID=12341328
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3180679A Granted JPS55126593A (en) | 1979-03-20 | 1979-03-20 | Manufacture fermented fertilizer |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS55126593A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2265365A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-09-29 | Douglas Patrick J | Decomposition of organic waste material |
| JP2013185143A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-19 | Nikken Sohonsha Corp | Soil conditioner |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59184788A (en) * | 1983-04-04 | 1984-10-20 | ブイエス科工株式会社 | Agricultural crop cultivation |
| JPH0735316B2 (en) * | 1989-04-24 | 1995-04-19 | 忠雄 野田 | Fermentation fertilizer and method for producing the same |
| JP2582303B2 (en) * | 1989-11-01 | 1997-02-19 | 豊和 福岡 | Stir fermentation drying equipment for organic waste |
| JP4849370B2 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2012-01-11 | 昌佳 北道 | Method and apparatus for processing high moisture waste such as shochu, animal and vegetable broth |
| JP5438341B2 (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2014-03-12 | 三井造船株式会社 | Irrigation method, irrigation apparatus, irrigation water reforming method, and irrigation water reforming apparatus |
| JP7021430B2 (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2022-02-17 | 株式会社テクノマックス南日本 | How to produce ripe fertilizer with high humic acid content |
| WO2023120006A1 (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-06-29 | 株式会社ユーグレナ | Tempeh fermentation product, tempeh fermentation product raw material, and method for manufacturing tempeh fermentation product |
-
1979
- 1979-03-20 JP JP3180679A patent/JPS55126593A/en active Granted
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2265365A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-09-29 | Douglas Patrick J | Decomposition of organic waste material |
| GB2265614A (en) * | 1992-03-19 | 1993-10-06 | Douglas Patrick J | Decomposition of organic waste material |
| JP2013185143A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2013-09-19 | Nikken Sohonsha Corp | Soil conditioner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS55126593A (en) | 1980-09-30 |
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