JPS6126093B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is capable of exchanging jobs, that is, swapping jobs, between a main storage device and a secondary storage device that stores more jobs than can be stored in the main storage device. The present invention relates to a job mix selection device that dynamically selects the optimal job mix on a main memory in a general computer system that employs a multiple programming method for simultaneously executing a plurality of jobs.

In general, in a multiprogramming computer system that allows job swapping, a job on secondary storage is connected to all other resources necessary for executing the job except for main storage and the central processing unit (CPU). An execution priority is assigned. For such jobs on the secondary storage device, the main storage area necessary for execution is allocated sequentially starting with the job with the highest priority among them, and then the job with the highest priority in the main storage device is allocated. CPU time is allocated sequentially starting from the job.

Conventionally, in such computer systems, there are jobs on the main memory that have a lower priority than jobs on the secondary storage, and it is difficult to obtain the main storage area necessary to process the job on the secondary storage. Removes the entire job with the lowest priority from main storage and swaps it to secondary storage when the job is not available. Later, when the higher priority jobs are completed, the lower priority jobs are moved back to main storage for processing.

However, in this conventional method, how each job uses resources such as peripheral devices and CPUs is not based on their usage status, but is based solely on the relative priority level. The job to be placed on the storage device has been determined. Therefore, in some cases, resource requests from each job located in main memory are concentrated only on a specific resource, such as a CPU or a specific peripheral device.
As a result, a situation may occur in which the waiting time for a specific resource becomes long and other resources are hardly used.

The purpose of this invention is to improve such drawbacks and
An object of the present invention is to provide a job mix selection device that can significantly improve the performance of the entire computer system.

That is, according to the present invention, the usage rate of each resource is measured at regular intervals, and when the usage rate of any resource falls outside a preset allowable range, the main The measured usage rate of each resource for the job mix on the storage device and the usage time ratio of each resource required to execute the job for jobs on the main storage and secondary storage devices, or Using the values set for each resource, the optimal job allocation on main storage is performed so that requests do not overlap with specific resources.
Automatically select and display mixes. By referring to this display at regular intervals and changing the job mix on the main memory, the computer system prevents requests from concentrating on specific resources and significantly reduces the time spent waiting for each job's resources. This can significantly improve the performance of the entire computer system.

Hereinafter, this invention will be explained using the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the job mix selection device of the present invention. In FIG. 1, the reference letter T indicates a timer, which consists of a counter that counts up by 1 every 10 μs (microseconds), and every fixed time interval T _p (here, 1 second as an example). An _interrupt It is generated to the control circuit 7. At this time, the first measurement circuit 1 measures the cumulative value of the operating time for each resource by inputting a signal (not shown) indicating whether the resource is operating or not.

On the other hand, when the control circuit 7 receives an interrupt I _t , the control circuit 7 extracts the cumulative value of the operating time measured by the first measuring circuit 1 for each resource via the control line 100 and combines that value with the fixed time period. The values of T _p indicating the respective intervals are sequentially input to the first arithmetic circuit 2. The first arithmetic circuit 2 calculates, for the above two input values,
Using T _p as the denominator, the ratio, that is, the usage rate of each resource in the relevant time interval is determined and stored in the first holding circuit 3, respectively. Note that each measurement value of the first measurement circuit 1 is cleared from the control circuit 7 via the control line 100 as soon as the usage rate is determined, and the next measurement is started. Furthermore, for resources for which the measured value of the first measurement circuit 1 is zero, the first calculation circuit 2
When this fact is detected, zero is directly stored in the corresponding position of the resource in the first holding circuit 3 without performing calculation to obtain the usage rate. Through this series of controls and calculations, the usage rate of each resource is determined at fixed time intervals T _p and is held in the first holding circuit 3 .

On the other hand, regarding the job currently on the main memory,
Inputs a signal that identifies the job (not shown), a signal that identifies which resource the job is using, and a signal that indicates whether the resource is operational (none of which are shown). Second to do
The measurement circuit 4 measures the cumulative usage time of each job and each resource used by that job. At this time, upon receiving the interrupt I _t , the control circuit 7 performs the following control via the control line 100 .

First, the usage time accumulated by the second measurement circuit 4 for each job and each resource is inputted to the second arithmetic circuit 5. Based on these inputs, the second arithmetic circuit 5 calculates, for each job, the sum of the usage times of all the resources used by that job, that is, the total usage time. Next, the ratio of the determined total usage time to the resource usage time, that is, the usage time ratio, is calculated for each job and each resource by the same second arithmetic circuit 5. The usage time ratio for each resource for each job that has just been calculated is sequentially stored in the corresponding memory location of the second holding circuit 6, and when the storage is completed, the control circuit 7 transfers the usage time ratio to the second measurement circuit via the control line 100. Clear the cumulative value of 4 and start the next measurement. Through this series of controls and calculations, the usage time ratio for each resource of the job on the main storage device is determined and held in the second holding circuit 6.

The second holding circuit 6 also stores the measured value of the usage time ratio of a job in the secondary storage device when the job was previously stored in the main storage device, or the value of the resource previously set for the job. The usage time ratio is maintained under the control of the control circuit 7. That is, the second holding circuit 6 stores the usage time ratio for each resource of each job in the main storage device and the secondary storage device, and the status of whether the job is in the main storage device or the secondary storage device. It holds information indicating.

In parallel with the operation of determining the resource usage time ratio and storing it in the second holding circuit 6, the control circuit 7
When detecting via the control line 100 that the operation of storing the resource usage rate in the first holding circuit 3 has been completed, the comparator 9 causes the comparator 9 to start the next operation via the control line 101. That is, the comparator 9 compares the permissible range of the resource usage rate set in advance to the setting circuit 8 via the signal line 102 and the measured resource usage rate held in the first holding circuit 3. Compare the same resources. Here, the setting circuit 8 is configured to preset, via the signal line 102, a desirable range of how a certain resource is used, that is, a permissible range, for each resource in a certain environment in which the computer system is used. ing. At this time, the comparator 9 inputs the value indicating the allowable range of the resource usage rate from the setting circuit 8 and the measured usage rate of the corresponding resource held in the first holding circuit 1, and maintains a constant value. time interval T
Compare whether the usage rate measured for each _p is within the set tolerance range. If the usage rates of all the set resources are within the allowable range, the comparator 9 does not perform any operation until the next cycle. If even one resource is detected that is outside the allowable range, the comparator 9 generates a detection signal to the control circuit 7 via the control line 101. When the control circuit 7 receives the detection signal, it activates the third arithmetic circuit 10 via the control line 101 and performs the following control.

The activated third arithmetic circuit 10 inputs the usage time ratio of each job resource held in the second holding circuit 6 and the usage rate of the resource held in the first holding circuit 3. , find those values for each same resource, and then calculate the sum of the products for each job, that is, the resource usage rate, by using the same third
It is calculated by the arithmetic circuit 10 of. Next, the resource usage rate calculated for each job and information indicating the status of the job are sequentially stored in the third holding circuit 11. As a result, a means is realized in which the resource usage ratio for the current job mix on the main storage device for each job is calculated when the detection signal is generated, and the result is held.

Next, the control circuit 7 detects that the operation of storing the resource usage ratio for each job in the third holding circuit 11 is completed, and then connects the detector 12 to the control line 10.
1 and performs the following control.

When the detector 12 is activated, the third holding circuit 1
Among the jobs whose status is 1 and whose status is on the main storage device, one job _Jl1 whose resource usage ratio is the largest value is selected. This job J _l1 uses a lot of resources with a relatively high usage rate among the jobs at that time, and on the other hand, it is a job that uses relatively few resources with a low usage rate, which means that the performance of the entire computer system is improved. It is desirable to relocate the job to the secondary storage device. Next, the detector 12 selects one job J _s1 with the smallest resource usage rate among the jobs whose status is on the secondary storage device. This job J _s1 , in contrast to job J _l1 , requires a large amount of resources with low usage rates under current job mixes on the main memory. This is a job that should be relocated upwards.
The detector 12 identifies job J as the job to be relocated to correct the imbalance in resource utilization.
Displaying combinations of _l1 and job J _s1 Table 1
3 and generates an interrupt signal 103 to notify the computer system that the combination of jobs to be rearranged has been found.

The control circuit 7 receives the interrupt signal 1 from the computer system.
03 is detected, and when it is detected via the control line 104 that the state of the relevant job has changed with reference to the display table 13, the second holding circuit 6 and the The state of the holding circuit 11 of No. 3 is changed, the interrupt signal of the detector 12 is reset, and the display table 13 is cleared.

Next, FIG. 2 shows a specific example of the first measuring circuit 1 in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, a gate circuit 16 performs an AND operation between a signal line 105 indicating whether one resource is in operation or not and a clock signal 106, and a counter 13 counts the output. As a result, the cumulative value of the operating time of that resource is obtained, and by having an identifier 15 for identifying the resource in combination with a counter, the cumulative value of the operating time of that resource for each resource can be measured. becomes possible.

Similarly, the second measuring circuit 4 in FIG.
can also be realized with the same configuration as in FIG. 2 by allowing the identifier 14 in FIG. 2 to hold a job and the resources used by the job.

FIG. 3 shows the third holding circuit 11 in FIG.
A job that identifies a job.
Create multiple combinations of an ID field, a resource usage rate field that holds the job's resource usage rate, and a status field that indicates whether the job is in main storage or secondary storage (here The third holding circuit 11 can be realized by using a memory.

Note that the first holding circuit 3 and the second holding circuit 6 in FIG. 1 are realized by using a memory or the like, similar to the third holding circuit 11 shown in FIG. sell.

As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, there is provided a means for measuring the usage rate of each resource in a computer system at regular intervals and holding the value;
Means for measuring and maintaining the usage time ratio of each resource required for execution of each job on the main storage device and the secondary storage device, and a preset allowable range of the usage rate of the arbitrarily selected resource. means for comparing the measured usage rate of the selected resource and generating a detection signal when a resource that deviates from the permissible range is detected; The resource usage ratio for each job is calculated using the usage time ratio for each resource for each job when the detection signal is generated, and each job uses the usage time ratio for each resource. a means for retaining the state of the job in which the resource usage ratio is the highest among the jobs whose state is on the main storage device; means for selecting, when the detection signal is generated, a job with the smallest resource usage rate among the jobs and displaying it as a combination of jobs to be relocated; By combining the present invention with means for generating an interrupt signal to the computer system when a combination of jobs can be displayed, a novel job mix selection device is constructed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the job mix selection device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a specific example of the first measuring circuit in FIG. 1, and FIG.
The figure is a diagram showing a specific example of the third holding circuit in FIG. 1. In the figure, 1 is a first measurement circuit, 2 is a first calculation circuit, 3 is a first holding circuit, 4 is a second measurement circuit, 5 is a second calculation circuit, 6 is a second holding circuit,
7 is a control circuit, 8 is a setting circuit, 9 is a comparator, 10
is the third arithmetic circuit, 11 is the third holding circuit, 12
13 is a detector, 13 is a display table, reference letter T is a timer, 14 is a counter, 15 is an identifier, and 16 is a gate circuit.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In a computer system using a multiple programming method that stores a plurality of jobs in a main storage device and a secondary storage device and simultaneously executes a plurality of jobs on the main storage device, the computer system a first holding means for measuring the usage rate of each resource in the storage device and holding the value; and a usage time ratio of each resource required for execution of each job on the main storage device and the secondary storage device; a second holding means for measuring and holding a preset usage rate tolerance range of the arbitrarily selected resource; and the measured usage rate of the corresponding resource held by the first holding unit. means for generating a detection signal when a resource that deviates from the permissible range is detected by comparing the values, and using the measured usage rate of each resource and the usage time ratio for each resource for each job. A third computer that calculates the resource usage rate for each job when the detection signal is generated and holds the result together with the status of whether each job is in the main storage device or the secondary storage device. a job whose state is the highest in the resource usage ratio among the jobs on the main storage device, and a job whose state is the minimum resource usage ratio among the jobs on the secondary storage device; means for selecting and displaying a combination of jobs to be relocated when the detection signal is generated; and means for generating an interrupt signal to the computer system, and automatically selecting the mix of jobs to be placed on the main storage device when an imbalance in resource utilization occurs and notifying the computer system. Characteristic job mix selection device.