JPS61192245A - Powdery milk containing arginin - Google Patents
Powdery milk containing argininInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61192245A JPS61192245A JP60033469A JP3346985A JPS61192245A JP S61192245 A JPS61192245 A JP S61192245A JP 60033469 A JP60033469 A JP 60033469A JP 3346985 A JP3346985 A JP 3346985A JP S61192245 A JPS61192245 A JP S61192245A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- milk
- arginine
- protein
- powdered
- amino acids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 102000014171 Milk Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108010011756 Milk Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108010073771 Soybean Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019710 soybean protein Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000021239 milk protein Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000004252 protein component Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000009697 arginine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000008476 powdered milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000020247 cow milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-arginine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCCN=C(N)N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014852 L-arginine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930064664 L-arginine Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000020256 human milk Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 210000004251 human milk Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 12
- 235000013350 formula milk Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 230000001766 physiological effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010046377 Whey Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000007544 Whey Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N creatine Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])N(C)CC([O-])=O CVSVTCORWBXHQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 2
- ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermidine Chemical compound NCCCCNCCCN ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PFNFFQXMRSDOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermine Chemical compound NCCCNCCCCNCCCN PFNFFQXMRSDOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021119 whey protein Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LEVWYRKDKASIDU-QWWZWVQMSA-N D-cystine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](N)CSSC[C@@H](N)C(O)=O LEVWYRKDKASIDU-QWWZWVQMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-Ornithine Chemical compound NCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 1
- AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orn-delta-NH2 Natural products NCCCC(N)C(O)=O AHLPHDHHMVZTML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ornithine Natural products OC(=O)C(C)CCCN UTJLXEIPEHZYQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004663 cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960003624 creatine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006046 creatine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003067 cystine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013365 dairy product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N guanidine group Chemical group NC(=N)N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021243 milk fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000014075 nitrogen utilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002773 nucleotide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003729 nucleotide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003104 ornithine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001243 protein synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020185 raw untreated milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940063673 spermidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940063675 spermine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Dairy Products (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は、成長期の人にとって栄養学上及び生理活性上
必須なアミノ酸であるアルギニンの特定量を含有させて
成るアルギニン配合粉乳に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an arginine-containing powdered milk containing a specific amount of arginine, which is an essential amino acid nutritionally and physiologically active for growing people.
従来、牛乳を原料とした粉乳には種々のものがあるが、
栄養学上及び生理活性上の観点からすれば、これらの粉
乳は必ずしも満足すべきものでない。例えば、育児用粉
乳についてみると、牛乳を単に原料として用いて製造し
たものでは、人乳との比較において蛋白質、脂質、糖質
、無機質、ヌクレオチド、酵素及びその他の微量成分の
含有量並びに内容の点で相違しており、したがって１、
成長期の乳児に対して人乳と同様な栄養学上及び生理活
性上の効果が期待できない。このため、従来、人乳との
成分上の差異を可及的に少なくする目的で、牛乳を原料
とする育児粉乳の製造に当って、牛乳中の蛋白質を乳清
蛋白質で置換したり、蛋白質の含有量を人乳のそれに近
づけるように減量したり、あるいは牛乳に電気透析又は
イオン交換樹脂による処理を施して無機質の量を調整し
、更には乳脂を植物脂で置換する等の処理が行われてい
る。しかしながら、上述したような処理を採用しても人
乳に匹敵する栄養及び生理活性を有する粉乳を得ること
は実際上困難である。Conventionally, there are various types of milk powder made from cow's milk.
From the nutritional and physiological viewpoints, these powdered milks are not necessarily satisfactory. For example, when looking at powdered milk for infants, products manufactured using cow's milk as a raw material have a lower content of proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, nucleotides, enzymes, and other trace components than human milk. Therefore, 1,
It cannot be expected to have the same nutritional and physiological effects as human milk on growing infants. For this reason, conventionally, in order to minimize the difference in composition between human milk and human milk, when producing baby milk powder made from cow's milk, the protein in milk was replaced with whey protein, or the protein in milk was replaced with whey protein. Treatments include reducing the content of milk to bring it closer to that of human milk, or treating milk with electrodialysis or ion exchange resins to adjust the amount of minerals, and replacing milk fat with vegetable fat. It is being said. However, even if the above-described processing is employed, it is actually difficult to obtain powdered milk that has nutritional and physiological activity comparable to human milk.
■がだン しようとする置皿点
本発明者は、従来の育児用粉乳が人乳に比べて栄養学」
−及び生理活性下劣ることの要因について検討している
過程において、アミノ酸成分中のアルギニンが特に成長
期の乳児にとって栄養学上及び生理活性上で必須である
こと、及び人乳中におけるアルギニンの含有率が従来の
粉乳よりも高いことの知見を得た。The inventor of the present invention found that conventional powdered milk for infants is nutritionally superior to human milk.
- In the process of examining the factors behind the decline in physiological activity, it was discovered that arginine in the amino acid component is essential for nutritional and physiological activity, especially for growing infants, and that the content of arginine in human milk. It was found that the rate was higher than that of conventional milk powder.
即ち、アルギニンの栄養生理上の機能として、■体内で
生成した有害なアンモニアを無害な尿素に変換するため
に不可欠なアミノ酸であること、■オルニチンを経由し
て細胞の増殖、ｒｌＮＡやＲＮＡの合成及び蛋白合成に
重要なポリアミン（スペルミン、スペルミジン）に変換
されること、■クレアチンやタレアチニンのグアニジン
基の供与体として筋肉代謝に関与すること、及び０体内
での窒素利用を改善する等の諸機能を有することを見出
し、本発明をなすに至った。In other words, the nutritional and physiological functions of arginine include: - It is an essential amino acid for converting harmful ammonia produced in the body into harmless urea; - It plays a role in cell proliferation and the synthesis of rlNA and RNA via ornithine. It is converted into polyamines (spermine, spermidine) that are important for protein synthesis, it is involved in muscle metabolism as a donor of the guanidine group of creatine and taleatinine, and it has various functions such as improving nitrogen utilization in the body. The present inventors discovered that the present invention has the following properties.
したがって、本発明は、上述したアルギニンの重要性及
び人乳におけるアルギニンの含量率に鑑み、牛乳蛋白質
を主要な蛋白質成分とする粉乳にアルギニンを補給して
粉乳中の全アミノ酸に対するアルギニンの含量率を、人
乳のアルギニン含有率に近似させることにより、栄養学
上及び生理活性」二著しく改善された粉乳を提供するこ
とを目的とするものである。Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned importance of arginine and the content rate of arginine in human milk, the present invention aims to increase the content rate of arginine to the total amino acids in the milk powder by supplementing arginine to powdered milk whose main protein component is cow's milk protein. The purpose of this invention is to provide powdered milk with significantly improved nutritional and physiological activity by approximating the arginine content of human milk.
以下本発明の詳細な説明する。The present invention will be explained in detail below.
発明の構成
本発明の特徴は、牛乳を原料として製造される、牛乳蛋
白質を主要な蛋白質成分とする粉乳において、該粉乳中
の全アミノ酸に対してアルギニンを３．５乃至７．０％
の割合で含有させたことを特徴とする。ここでいう“粉
乳”とは、栄養を目的とする育児用調製粉乳、未熟児用
粉乳のほかに、フォローアツプミルク、治療用特殊粉乳
及び一般用粉乳を包含するものである。Structure of the Invention The present invention is characterized in that, in powdered milk manufactured using cow's milk as a raw material and containing milk protein as the main protein component, arginine is contained in an amount of 3.5 to 7.0% based on the total amino acids in the powdered milk.
It is characterized in that it is contained in a proportion of . The term "milk powder" as used herein includes not only infant formula powder for nutritional purposes and powdered milk for premature infants, but also follow-up milk, special powdered milk for therapeutic use, and powdered milk for general use.
肌距点至邂Ａ９二るための手段
本来、咄乳動物乳中の蛋白質アミノ酸組成は、動物種間
で大きく相違しており、例えば人乳と牛乳における蛋白
質のアミノ酸含量を比較すると表１に示すとおりである
。Means for achieving skin distance A92 Protein amino acid composition in the milk of dairy animals originally differs greatly between animal species. For example, when comparing the amino acid content of proteins in human milk and cow's milk, Table 1 shows It is shown.
表１にみられるとおり、全アミノ酸中に占めるアルギニ
ンの比率は、人乳に比し牛乳は可成り低い。したがって
、牛乳を原料として製造した粉乳では人乳に比べて全ア
ミノ酸中に占めるアルギニンの比率が低いことが理解し
得る。As shown in Table 1, the proportion of arginine in all amino acids is considerably lower in cow's milk than in human milk. Therefore, it can be understood that powdered milk produced using cow's milk as a raw material has a lower proportion of arginine in all amino acids than human milk.
参考として、市販の育児用調製粉乳の全アミノ酸に対す
るアルギニンの比率を示すと次のとおりである。For reference, the ratio of arginine to total amino acids in commercially available infant formula is as follows.
全アミノ酸中のアルギニンの比率（％）市販育児用調製
粉乳 ２．７３〜３．３０人乳 ４．７８
本発明では、上述のとおり、牛乳を原料として製造した
粉乳における全アミノ酸に対するアルキニンの比率が人
乳に比べて低いことに鑑み、粉乳にアルギニンを補給し
て粉乳における上記アルギニンの比率を３．５〜７％に
するものである。Ratio of arginine in total amino acids (%) Commercial infant formula 2.73-3.30 Human milk 4.78 In the present invention, as mentioned above, the ratio of arginine to total amino acids in powdered milk produced from cow's milk as raw material is Considering that it is lower than human milk, arginine is supplemented to powdered milk to make the ratio of arginine in powdered milk 3.5 to 7%.
本発明において粉乳における上記アルギニンの比率を３
．５〜７．０％にすることの理由は、３．５％より低い
と人乳における比率からみて栄養生理学上の効果が不十
分であり、一方７％を越えると、アルギニンが過剰とな
って粉乳中のアミノ酸組成が不均衡となるからである。In the present invention, the ratio of arginine in powdered milk is set to 3.
．． The reason for setting it at 5-7.0% is that if it is lower than 3.5%, the nutritional physiological effect will be insufficient considering the proportion in human milk, while if it exceeds 7%, arginine will be excessive. This is because the amino acid composition in the milk powder becomes unbalanced.
本発明において、粉乳中に含有されるアルギニンは、粉
乳の原料牛乳中に本来台まれている牛乳蛋白質由来と、
これに配合するし一アルギニン及び／又は大豆蛋白質由
来のものから構成される。すなわち、粉乳中に本来台ま
れているアルギニンの全アミノ酸に対する比率を考慮し
て、これにＬ−アルギニン又は大豆蛋白質由来のアルギ
ニンもしくはその両面を併用して配合して上記アルギニ
ンの比率を３．５〜７．０％になるように調整するとよ
い。ここで用いる大豆蛋白質由来のアルギニンとは、大
豆蛋白質の構成アミノ酸として本来台まれるアルギニン
を意味するものである。大豆蛋白質は、“日本食品アミ
ノ酸組成表値”から換算すると全アミノ酸に占めるアル
ギニンの比率が７．６０％であって、牛乳蛋白質に比べ
てアルギニンを高比率で含有しているので、本発明では
アルギニンの補給源として有効に利用し得る。In the present invention, the arginine contained in the milk powder is derived from milk protein originally contained in the raw milk of the milk powder,
Added to this is a substance derived from arginine and/or soybean protein. That is, considering the ratio of arginine originally contained in powdered milk to the total amino acids, L-arginine, arginine derived from soybean protein, or a combination of both are added to this to increase the ratio of arginine to 3.5. It is advisable to adjust it to ~7.0%. As used herein, arginine derived from soybean protein means arginine, which is originally present as a constituent amino acid of soybean protein. In soybean protein, the ratio of arginine to all amino acids is 7.60% when calculated from the "Japanese Food Amino Acid Composition Table Values", and since it contains a higher ratio of arginine than milk protein, the present invention It can be effectively used as a supply source of arginine.
又、大豆蛋白質はアルギニンに加えて、栄養生理的機能
を有するグリシンを比較的多量に含有しており（全アミ
ノ酸に対する比率４．２１％）、一方新生児初期の栄養
」二好ましくないメチオニン（乳児はメチオニンをシス
チンに転換する酵素活性が弱いためその含量は少ない方
が望ましいとされる）の含量が牛乳蛋白質に比し少ない
（全アミノ酸に対する比率１．３０％）という利点があ
る。In addition to arginine, soybean protein contains a relatively large amount of glycine, which has nutritional and physiological functions (4.21% of total amino acids), while methionine, which is undesirable for early neonatal nutrition (infants It has the advantage that it has a lower content (1.30% of the total amino acids) than milk protein (it is said that the enzyme activity that converts methionine to cystine is weak, so it is desirable to have a lower content).
叙上のとおり、本発明によると、乳児等の栄養生理上必
須なアミノ酸であるアルギニン所要量を含有する粉乳を
提供し得るので、育児及び治療用粉乳の栄養生理学的価
値を高めるのに役立つものといえる。As mentioned above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide powdered milk containing the required amount of arginine, which is an amino acid essential for the nutritional and physiological aspects of infants, etc., and thus it is useful for increasing the nutritional and physiological value of powdered milk for childcare and treatment. It can be said.
以下実施例を示して本発明をさらに具体的に説明する。The present invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Examples.
実施例１
粉乳１ ｋｇに市販のし一アルギニンを２．６ｇを配合
し、十分に混合した。得られた粉乳についてアミノ酸分
析を行った結果を後記表２に示す。Example 1 2.6 g of commercially available arginine was added to 1 kg of powdered milk and mixed thoroughly. The results of amino acid analysis of the obtained milk powder are shown in Table 2 below.
実施例２
従来方に従って調製した育児用調製粉乳１ ｋｇに対し
て分離大豆蛋白質２８ｇを配合し、十分に混合した。得
られた粉乳についてアミノ酸分析を行った結果を後記表
２に示す
実施例３
実施例２で用いたと同様の育児用調製粉乳１ ｋｇに対
して、市販のし一アルギニンを１．７ｇと分離大豆蛋白
質１５ｇを配合し、十分に混合した。Example 2 28 g of isolated soybean protein was added to 1 kg of infant formula powder prepared according to a conventional method and thoroughly mixed. The results of amino acid analysis of the obtained milk powder are shown in Table 2 below. Example 3 For 1 kg of infant formula powder similar to that used in Example 2, 1.7 g of commercially available arginine and isolated soybean were added. 15 g of protein was added and thoroughly mixed.
得られた粉乳についてアミノ酸分析を行った結果は表２
にしめすとおりである。なお、比較として市販育児用調
製粉乳及び人乳についての分析結果も併せて表２に示し
た。Table 2 shows the results of amino acid analysis of the obtained milk powder.
It's exactly as shown. For comparison, analysis results for commercially available infant formula and human milk are also shown in Table 2.
表２にみられるとおり、本発明によると、人乳に匹敵す
る比率のアルギニンを有する粉乳が得られることがわが
る。As seen in Table 2, it can be seen that according to the present invention, milk powder having a proportion of arginine comparable to that of human milk can be obtained.
Claims (2)
て、該粉乳中の全アミノ酸に対してアルギニンを３．５
乃至７．０％の割合で含有させて成るアルギニン配合粉
乳。(1) In powdered milk whose main protein component is cow's milk protein, arginine is 3.5% of the total amino acids in the milk powder.
An arginine-containing powdered milk containing arginine in a proportion of 7.0% to 7.0%.
ニン及び／又は大豆蛋白質由来のものから成る特許請求
の範囲第（１）項記載のアルギニン配合粉乳。(2) The arginine-containing milk powder according to claim (1), wherein the arginine is derived from milk protein and from L-arginine and/or soybean protein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60033469A JPS61192245A (en) | 1985-02-21 | 1985-02-21 | Powdery milk containing arginin |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60033469A JPS61192245A (en) | 1985-02-21 | 1985-02-21 | Powdery milk containing arginin |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61192245A true JPS61192245A (en) | 1986-08-26 |
| JPH0365135B2 JPH0365135B2 (en) | 1991-10-09 |
Family
ID=12387403
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60033469A Granted JPS61192245A (en) | 1985-02-21 | 1985-02-21 | Powdery milk containing arginin |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61192245A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5221668A (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1993-06-22 | Abbott Laboratories | Nutritional product for trauma and surgery patients |
| JP2008510689A (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2008-04-10 | ナムローゼ フェンノートシャップ ヌトリシア | Immunostimulatory infant nutrition |
| US8109813B2 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2012-02-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Thin air outlet structure of vehicle air conditioner |
-
1985
- 1985-02-21 JP JP60033469A patent/JPS61192245A/en active Granted
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5221668A (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1993-06-22 | Abbott Laboratories | Nutritional product for trauma and surgery patients |
| WO1993016595A1 (en) * | 1992-02-26 | 1993-09-02 | Abbott Laboratories | Nutritional product for trauma and surgery patients |
| JP2008510689A (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2008-04-10 | ナムローゼ フェンノートシャップ ヌトリシア | Immunostimulatory infant nutrition |
| US8109813B2 (en) | 2006-06-20 | 2012-02-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Thin air outlet structure of vehicle air conditioner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0365135B2 (en) | 1991-10-09 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
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| EXPY | Cancellation because of completion of term |