JPS61189894A - Laser beam machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To assure machining accuracy and to shorten machining time by providing the first control device which moves a irradiation point in relation to an object to be machined and the second control device which calculates the relative moving speed according to the radius of curveture of a graphic. CONSTITUTION:The first control device 8 delivers to a work station 7 a move command to perform the machining at specified speed according to the graphic to be followed as well as the laser beam irradiation start and stop commands to a oscillator 1. The second control device 9 operates the relative speed of the laser beam irradiation point 6 and the object 5 to be machined based on the time constant tau of a driving system and the radius of curveture (r) of the graphic. The relative speed here is the function of the time constant tau and the radius of curveture (r), that is, alphatau<-n>r<m> based on which arithmetic is made in the control device 9, giving the maximum speed within the range necessary accuracy is assured. Thus, the time required for cutting work can be shortened while necessary machining accuracy is assured.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a laser processing device that uses laser light to cut complex shapes on a wide range of materials such as metal materials, inorganic materials, and organic materials at high speed and with high precision. It is something.

2. Description of the Related Art An example of cutting a workpiece using a conventional laser processing apparatus will be described.

Figure 2 shows an example in which a conventional device processes a material 10 to be cut in a straight line from point M to point B, then turns at a right angle at point B and processes it to point 0. In some cases, a radius generally occurs at the corner as shown by the solid line.

Next, when drilling a circular hole, if the radius of the circle is small, the shape is greatly distorted, and a pointed end as shown in FIG.

Such a phenomenon mainly occurs due to the time constant of the drive system, and the larger the time constant, the larger the error from the specified dimension. Furthermore, this time constant cannot be made zero from the viewpoint of mechanical design.

With conventional laser processing equipment, when processing complex shapes with many different radii of curvature with high precision, in order to reduce such errors, for example, the operator can manually reduce the processing speed. There were many things I was dealing with.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, this method has drawbacks such as the necessity of a worker and the fact that optimum speed and maximum efficiency cannot always be obtained in terms of ensuring accuracy.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention provides a laser processing apparatus which eliminates manual labor and which ensures processing accuracy and provides maximum efficiency.

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve this object, the laser processing apparatus of the present invention includes a laser oscillator, and a condenser that guides the laser light output from the laser oscillator to the workpiece and irradiates the workpiece. a workstation 7 that relatively moves a workpiece and a point at which the laser beam is applied to the workpiece in order to perform laser processing into a predetermined shape; Consisting of a first control device that issues a command to move the workpiece 6 relative to a predetermined shape, and a second control device that calculates the relative movement and speed according to the radius of curvature of the component of the predetermined shape figure. has been done.

Operation With the above configuration, by controlling the relative speed between the workpiece and the laser beam irradiation point to an optimum value according to the radius of curvature of the graphic component, machining accuracy can be ensured and maximum efficiency can be obtained.

EXAMPLE Hereinafter, an example of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a laser processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which the laser beam irradiation point is fixed and the workpiece is moved. 1 is a laser oscillator, 2 is a laser beam output from the laser oscillator 1, 10 is a mirror that refracts the laser beam 2 toward the workpiece 6, and 3 is a condensing lens that focuses the laser beam. The vicinity of the focal point condensed by the condensing lens 3 generally becomes the irradiation point 6 of the laser beam 2 onto the workpiece 6. 4 is a laser light guide that guides the laser light 2 to the workpiece 6. For example, 7 is a workstation that moves the workpiece in two directions, the X-axis and the τ-axis. 8 is a workstation that instructs the workstation 7 to move at a predetermined speed and into a predetermined shape, and also instructs the laser oscillator 1 to irradiate and emit laser beams. This is a first control device that issues commands such as stopping laser irradiation.

9 is a second control device that calculates the relative speed of the workpiece 6 with respect to the laser beam irradiation point 6 according to the radius of curvature of the shape/figure component; for example, when the radius of curvature is r and the time constant of the drive system, The above relative velocity is ατ″′r′ll(n, mh
o) to generate a speed control code. Based on the results calculated and generated by the second control device 9, the first control device 8 processes a predetermined shape at an optimal speed according to the radius of curvature.

FIG. 4 is an example showing the relationship between the above-mentioned relative speed and the finished radius error during round machining, demonstrating that the radius error is highly dependent on the machining speed. In this case, if the machining speed is selected according to the allowable value of the radius error, it can be expected that the machining speed will be improved more than when the speed is reduced by a wide range (for example, for a bar under straight cutting conditions) based on experience. It can also be understood that this contributes to ensuring and stabilizing quality. 1. This effect is greater in high-speed machining and the longer the machining length is, and is particularly effective in high-speed sheet metal machining.

It should be noted that the second control device 9 does not necessarily have to be incorporated as a laser processing device; for example, even if it is configured as an automatic tape creator for laser processing, the control information is taken into the first control device 8. The functions are equivalent to the contents of the present invention.

Effects of the Invention As described above, the laser processing apparatus of the present invention eliminates manual labor, ensures processing accuracy and quality, and shortens processing time, and has great practical effects.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a laser processing apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing the shape of a right angle section processed by a conventional laser processing apparatus, and FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a laser processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front view showing a circular shape processed by the laser processing device, and a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between processing speed and finished radius error by the laser processing device according to the embodiment of the present invention. 1... Laser oscillator, 2... Laser light, 3... Concentrator, 4... Laser light guide, 6... Target Workpiece, 6... Irradiation point, 7... Workpiece steel, 8...
1st control device, 9...2nd control device. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure WJ2 Figure vI 3 Figure 4 Figure Karoe velocity ζ''/-3)

Claims (1)

[Claims] a gas laser oscillator; a laser light guide including a condenser that guides the laser beam output from the laser oscillator to the workpiece and irradiates the workpiece; a workstation that relatively moves the irradiation point of the laser beam onto the workpiece; and a first control device that issues a command to relatively move the laser beam irradiation point and the workpiece into a predetermined shape. , a laser processing apparatus comprising a second control device that calculates the relative movement speed according to the radius of curvature of the component of the predetermined shape figure.