JPS61179937A - Half like building and its construction - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Field The present invention relates to a single-story steel structure building with wide spacing between columns and a small number of internal independent columns. This refers to buildings with a relatively simple structure that are constructed to be suitable for use as halls, etc., and especially buildings that are characterized as temporary structures that are intended to be used as exhibition halls for a specified period of time. However, it is widely used for similar purposes (it is not limited to buildings that have the potential to be applied to tilted structures).

Conventional technology Steel-frame buildings have a simple structure and are made of prefabricated materials, so they have been widely used in single-story buildings such as factories since ancient times, but rivets are used to join the members. It is strongly assembled using welding and welding, and recently high-tensile bolts are also used for joining, but for simple buildings such as those mentioned above, the assembly and disassembly method using Y3E bolt joining is adopted. is also carried out as a regular practice.

As mentioned above, even though any method can be selected from a wide range of conventional technologies for steel frames, the requirements for simple and prefabricated wall structures are not practical for functional buildings such as factories. Even if this is possible, it is generally considered sacrificial for buildings that include aesthetic elements, and permanent materials such as lively concrete are used, or a full-fledged structure that embodies individual intentions. It was a victory for me to have this.

An example of this is the exhibition halls at world expositions and trade fairs.
It became known as a 4'pilion, and the building itself was required to have the character of an exhibit, but it also served as a place for the demonstration of architectural technology.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, for buildings that use steel frames for the purpose of being simple and easy to assemble and dismantle, technology that can be achieved by providing essential functions to the roof and floor structures is necessary. However, the structure of the wall tends to be made of authentic materials, and even if a simplified structure is adopted, the existence of pillars does not blend in with the composition of the wall, especially in the exhibition hall. In such cases, columns protrude from the inner surface of the wall, reducing exhibition efficiency, or structural columns protrude from the outside, requiring a separate covering finish, so the wall structure is selected from conventional techniques. Stay,
Particularly for structures that can be assembled and dismantled for short-term use (
There was nothing to see.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is a single-story steel-framed building with widened pillar spacing (and fewer independent columns inside), and is designed to be used as an exhibition hall for short-term use. As a result of intensive research aimed at simplifying and assembling hall-shaped buildings such as the premise of demolition, he came up with a radical construction method.The technical idea was to use simple buildings as temporary buildings. By taking advantage of the characteristics of steel structures and using materials originally available as temporary steel materials for construction work as wall construction materials, assembly is easy and disassembly is simple, making it possible to reuse materials. The purpose of the present invention is to be considerate in its utilization, and also to achieve a design composition by avoiding the exposure of temporary materials.In other words, the present invention is designed to be used as a frame scaffolding on the outer periphery of a building. The frame is assembled in multiple stages directly between the columns as wall shafts, and on the inside of the building, the outer wall is erected in one plane, aligned with the inner surface of the columns, and the materials used for this can be obtained as temporary materials such as ribbed steel plates. It is a building with a finished exterior that covers the frame on the outside side of the frame, and each column has a groove-shaped dog-nose lining. In the invention, in the bolting construction method for steel frames, the small beams attached at the end of the main building are constructed as an integrated roof structure on the ground, and this is spanned between the large beams using a lifting machine, and the final tightening of each bolt is carried out by a traveling telescopic system. This is carried out using scaffolding, and in the third invention, the outer wall is set up by attaching the edges to the board material and forming grooves into large panels, which are similarly placed on the frame of the frame scaffold using a movable scaffold, This is a construction method for buildings that is tightly fixed from the frame side.

EXAMPLES Below, an example of the present invention constructed as an exhibition hall will be described in detail based on the drawings.

The exhibition hall in this example was planned to be located on a relatively large flat site, with a square side of 100 m, pillar spacing of 25 m, and a height of 10 m, with a single story.

First, to give a general explanation using Figure 2, the site is located at the end of the main street, the building is surrounded by U-shaped roads on three sides and faces the main street, and the rear side is connected to the parking lot. The building has no windows except for an apron on all four sides and entrances and exits facing the road, and has been designated as a simple fireproof building.

FIG. 1 is a standard sectional view of this building, and 1 is a column erected on an independent foundation 2. This pillar 1 is H type steel-3
00x300x10 is used, but the corner pillars at the four corners and the nine independent pillars in the center may be made of steel pipe pillars with the same effect, or they may be covered in a prismatic shape according to the exhibition plan, and in the case of passageways, only the lower part may be covered. You may.

The height of 6 columns 1 is slightly higher than that of the ridge part according to the roof slope (
However, only the base end of the girder 3 that spans between the columns is rigidly connected to the top of the six columns 1, and the joint part of the column and beam is completed in advance ((Fig. 5). l-700X300X1
Choose steel or synthetic material from step 3. The large beams 4 on the outer periphery corresponding to the eave girders and eave beams are shaded over the pillars 1 located on the outer periphery and the middle pillars 5 placed in between these, and
00X200XI 1, middle pillar 5 is pillar 1
The same material is used, and both constitute the outer peripheral column. On the girder 3°4, the end portion of the small beam 6 is fixed in advance in the same way as the top of the column 1 at the position that divides the 25m span into four parts (.

For the small beam 6, choose l-600x200x11 steel material. T
is a purlin to be constructed between the small beams 6 or between the small beams 6 and the large beams 3.4, and is made of channel steel (-200x50x4.5) and is a support for the steel plate roofing material 8 with large waves formed on the top surface. Fixing hardware is fixed in advance. Braces B (Fig. 6) are placed between the outer columns 1 and 1 via the middle column 5, and horizontal braces B are also placed on the roof structure of the large and small beams. (Fig. 5) is provided as usual.

As described above, this building will be constructed on a steel framework.

9 is a concrete floor, and reinforcing bars are arranged according to the joint plan.

Next, the outer peripheral wall section will be explained. The wall section of the building according to the present invention has a special configuration. That is, the shaft portion of the wall is constructed using temporary steel materials that are used as framework scaffolding. Reference numeral 10 denotes a unit frame framed in a gate-shaped or torii-shaped form, which is the main part of the framework scaffold, and is usually easily available as a ready-made product with a width of 900 mm and a height of 1,700 mm. This unit frame 10 has upper and lower connection means at the upper and lower ends of pillar members 101 and 102 on both sides of the wholesaler, and is assembled into a pair of unit frames using brace members and horizontal connecting frame scaffolding boards, and is stacked in a predetermined number of stages. It is well known that the scaffolding is assembled into a frame scaffolding, and has conventionally been used as a fixed scaffolding. In the present invention, the frame structure F of such a framework scaffold is used as it is as the shaft part of the wall body, and in the illustration, the structure F of the frame scaffold is used as it is.
It is assembled in stages, and its installation is positioned midway between the pillars 1 and 5 with the inside line of the pillars as a reference, as shown in the plan view of FIG. In other words, gate-shaped unit frame 1
0 is installed on the outside of the building so that the inner column material 101 is aligned with the inner surface of the steel column.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a frame of a single steel tube that is attached to the column 101 of the unit frame 10 using a clamp. The plate material 12 is provided in multiple stages on the entire wall surface from the position near the floor surface to the roof surface, passing continuously over the inner surface of the middle pillar 5, and matching the dimensions of the wall plate 120 to be stretched. You can choose any steel plate to be strung using a single pipe rim, and similarly, it is best to use standard length ribbed steel plates that are commercially available for fences at construction sites as temporary steel materials. Then, overlap the rib parts and attach them to the body #11 using hook metal fittings.The finished wall is a base material 13 on the outer surface of the frame F in which the unit frame 10 is assembled.
Floating plywood 14 is stretched over the water. Base material 13
is a base for wooden structures made of steel single pipes with crosspieces attached,
It is allocated over the entire surface of the outer surface of the frame and the side surface of the groove 15 formed at the position of the steel column in accordance with the fixed size of the plywood, and is attached to the outer column 102 of the unit frame of the frame F by a clamp. An auxiliary crosspiece may be added between the crosspieces to serve as the rim of the plywood 14. The plywood 14 is 1200 x 2400 x 12 m thick, used for concrete formwork.
/m water-resistant floating plywood is preferably used, and in this example, in addition to excluding the hem of the eye, the entire exterior surface, the side surface of the groove mold 15, and the grooves formed by the base provided supplementarily on the outer surface of the steel column are used. It is applied as a continuous finishing coating to the bottom of the mold 15.

In the building of this embodiment, the joints formed in the horizontal direction of the plywood 14 are open-cut to form a design that matches the proportions of the building.

The finished wall 14 is separated by installing a cap or a drain at the upper end of the frame F, but the part above this height may be formed into a continuous slope that recedes upward over the eaves of the building body. In this embodiment, this sloped portion is covered with Exno base metal 16.

This part may be made of a perforated board, allowing rainwater to pass through during rainfall.In this case, a light steel frame or reinforcing steel is used as a base and it is spread over the No9 Lapet 1T installed at the eaves to change the exterior. It's set.

The /9 lappet 1T can be installed upright from the outer cover 4 and forms a rain shelter around the eaves while accommodating the difference in water slope on the roof surface.

The entrance and door in this example can be designed using an appropriate sound design method.The front and rear entrances are provided with external bottoms, and the 70 cantilever is supported by the lintel beam at the top of the entrance. The span beam supports the frame F on both sides of the opening, and also supports the frame F above the opening. Additionally, a slight partition will be installed at the entrance and exit, with double doors for 84 people in front. The side entrance requires a large opening for loading and unloading exhibits, and a hanger door is suitable for the door, but the hanger rail is installed on the inner surface of the outer wall, and at the end of the slide, a part of the wall surface is unsightly. will occur. The W above the exterior wall is intended as a smoke evacuation window, and will be operated remotely from the floor. General indoor lighting is provided by mercury lamps on the ceiling, while power for exhibitions is taken from the floor, avoiding natural lighting. The interior and exterior finishing of the entire building will be done using pre-coated parts and synthetic resin paint as much as possible.

It goes without saying that the present invention can be applied in different ways to structures of the same type, depending on the intended use of the building.

Function The function of the present invention will be understood from the explanation of the building construction method of the above-mentioned embodiment, and other related construction methods of the subject building will also be explained.

The building of the present invention has a shaft portion of a steel frame structure, and has a column 1 of a peripheral column.
, the middle pillars 5 are erected on the respective independent foundations 2 using a large lifting machine C such as a crawler crane in the usual manner, and are fixed using anchor bolts. Then, as the columns are erected one after another, as the columns are erected one after another, the girders 4 and 3 are hoisted up by a lifting machine C and passed between the base ends of the beams that were attached to the column heads first, and the series of girders are connected by bolts that are not all in the design. complete. Since the base end of the small beam 6 is fixed to each of the large beams 3 and 4, there is a space between the opposing large beams 3 and 4.
3.According to the second invention, first span the small beam 6 in the center and connect both ends.

Meanwhile, between these erections, a second construction was carried out at the ground assembly yard (dotted line) near the site. Assemble the third beam. This substructure is made by fixing all the main buildings to be supported by the small beams in parallel at predetermined intervals on the top surface of the upper chord of the small beams 6, forming a "centipede"-shaped assembly as shown in Figure 5. , Attach the braces B between the small beams, and tie any I to the end of the main building to use as a connecting beam for steady rest. The installation of this small beam assembly is carried out while moving from the ground assembly position to the erection joint position using a large lifting machine C, and the joint work is performed from a traveling type telescopic tomb lift (L), followed by an X-shaped lifting work platform. XL is used to fully tighten bolts for the entire structure, including assembling pillars and beams, and assembling small beams. Subsequent roofing work using large wave steel sheets was carried out using conventional methods.

To construct the floor concrete, after pouring the concrete with reinforcing bars, the top surface is leveled directly using a metal trowel, and the floor joints are cut directly into the small slab sections containing the reinforcing bars using a cutter, and then the joints are filled. do.

After pouring the Inuhashiri concrete, the frame structure F of the wall is constructed on top of this. This method is exactly the same as constructing a framework scaffolding, and together with columns 1 and 5, it will serve as the base for the outer wall. The outer wall is stretched over the entire inner side of the frame F using a furring 11 and wall plates 12. Clamps are attached to the pillars 101 of the unit frames 10 of the frame structure F, and the single tubes of the trunk 11 are assembled horizontally in multiple stages, and the ribbed steel plate of the wall board is fixed to the trunk 11 with hooks. 12, but in this embodiment, a method for constructing the outer wall portion is adopted as the third invention. That is, the outer wall flange 11 and the wall plate 12 are formed by assembling a single pipe and a ribbed steel plate into a large motherboard using hooks. Then, erect the panel using the tomb lift) L, deploy and hold it inside the frame F, and use the frame F as the original scaffolding. If it is fixed to the inner column 101 of column 10, the outer wall from the floor to the upper part of the frame F and further to the roof surface with the edge of the attachment to the girder 4 will be completed in one plane inside the inner surfaces of the columns 1 and 5.

The pillars, the shafts of the beams, and the frame F are all exposed as steel to the outside of the outer wall, so the appearance of the building is not satisfactory. In particular, in buildings of the character of exhibition halls, aesthetics are desired, and design is also required. A finishing wall is provided on the outer surface of the wall body of the present invention,
At least first, the above-mentioned exposed steel material is coated. The characteristics of this finished wall arise from the double layering of the outer wall 12 and the finished wall 14 brought about by the thickness of the frame F. In a normal configuration, the casting protrudes outward from the outer wall, but the structure is Because it is thick, grooves 15 are formed in the pillar portion to cover it. Therefore, in the present invention, the large wall surface divided by the grooves 15 is treated as a panel, and although a minimal design is adopted in which the thick plywood 14 is made transparent on the wooden base, the outer wall 12 and the finished wall The difference in the surface in the wall direction with No. 14 is said to have formed a large, wedge-shaped relief that would be impossible to imagine with the undulations within the normal wall thickness. Therefore, the use of this four-channel aspect can be expected to lead to commercial use.

A sloped finished wall above the frame F is further added to this wall structure. This slope is obtained by covering the upper surface of the frame F based on the thickness of the frame F, but it can also be constructed with the same specifications as an extension of the finished wall 14, or alternatively it can be constructed using Exno-armed metal 16. A bold change is made, and even a sense of lightness is added to the upper edge of the wall.

Effects of the Invention Since the present invention is configured as described above, the intended building can be constructed in a short period of time by assembling prefabricated materials, and furthermore, it is easy to dismantle the building. Instead, materials can be repurposed and reused effectively. In addition, there are no protrusions of cast molding or beams on the inner walls of the building, so exhibits such as exhibition halls can be displayed efficiently, and there are no restrictions on the purpose of use. On the other hand, the exterior of the building has finished walls, no bare wood is exposed, and the covering means is also prepared for the development of the design.Although it has a simple structure, it also has a surprising effect for this type of building. Rich.

While these effects can be achieved, the loss of the outer circumferential area occupied by the substantially solid walls of the building of the present invention cannot be ignored, but it is within an allowable range considering the scale of the building and the location environment. I can say that.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of a building according to the present invention, in which Fig. 1 is a sectional view showing the standard configuration, Fig. 2 is a dry plan of the building, and Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the standard configuration.
The figure is a detailed plan view of a part of the same as above, Figure 4 is a dual elevation view of the whole, 1 is a front view, 2 is a rear view, 3 is a side view, and Figure 5 explains the process of forming the roof structure. FIG. 6 is an elevational view of the same. 1.5...column, 3,4...beam, 6...
・Small beam, 7...main building, 8...roof,
10... Gate-shaped unit body, 11... Torso rim,
12...Exterior wall board material, 13...Wooden base material,
14... Finished wall plywood, 15... Groove type,
16...Mesh plate, L, XL...Lift, C.
...Large lifting machine F... Frame structure agent Masao Miyake and one other person Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4

Claims (8)

[Claims] (1) In a single-story building with a structure consisting of steel columns and beams with independent columns at large span intervals in the middle, between the outer peripheral columns of the building, there is a portal unit frame for the inner side of the column and a frame scaffold. The inner pillars are placed on the same plane and connected one after another to form a frame structure with predetermined steps similar to a framework scaffolding, and the outer wall is stretched from the inside with the inner surface of this frame and the pillars as a reference. A hall characterized by having a finished wall extending up to the roof on the outside and upper side of the frame, and the roof being made of iron plate roofing through small beams between the steel girders. shaped building. (2) The hall-shaped building according to claim 1, wherein the frame of the columns and beams of the steel frame structure is constructed by assembling and disassembling large members using bolt connections. (3) The hole according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer wall is made of steel columns and a single pipe assembled on the inner surface of the frame structure, and is stretched in one plane using a ribbed steel plate as a rim. shaped building. (4) A hall-shaped building according to claim 3, wherein the ribbed steel plate is pre-attached to the rim by ground assembly to form a large panel. (5) A patent claim in which the finished wall is stretched using thick plywood through a wooden base material assembled on the outer surface of the frame, and the outer surface of the steel column is left in a groove shape and covered with a large panel. A hall-shaped building according to any one of Items 1 to 3 or 4. (6) The upper part of the finished wall is formed into a slope extending to the eaves, and this part is covered with a mesh plate.
The hall-shaped building according to Items 4 to 4 or 5. (7) In a construction method in which the columns and girders of a single-story building with a structure consisting of steel columns and beams with independent columns at large span intervals are erected using a lifting machine, the small beams that span between the girders are All of the main buildings to be supported are attached in advance in a centipede shape using ground girders, hoisted together using a large lifting machine, and erected on the main beams to form the roof structure. A method for constructing a hall-shaped building, characterized by fully tightening bolt connections between a large beam and between a large beam and a small beam. (8) In the method of constructing a single-story building with a structure consisting of steel columns and beams with independent columns at large span intervals in the middle, after the steel shaft section is erected, the inner surface of the column is installed between the outer columns. The inner pillars of the single portal type for the frame scaffolding are aligned and arranged, and these are successively installed and stacked in predetermined stages to form a frame similar to the frame scaffolding, and then the plates for the external wall are assembled into the ground. Therefore, construction of a hall-shaped building characterized in that a large panel formed by being attached to the rim in advance is placed inside the frame, and the rim is fixed to the frame with clamps to form an outer wall. Method.