JPS60539B2 - piston-in-piston engine - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an engine in which an inner/outer double structure piston is activated by a single connecting rod to change the stroke volume of the engine piston.

Unlike trains, etc., which are driven on rails and run on rails, they can travel by inertia over the remaining 2'3 cliff using 1/1 of the total travel distance. The supply of fuel must be continued without interruption.

However, if a car is equipped with an engine with a piston stroke volume of 2000cc, it may need a 2000cc engine to start from a standstill and rapidly accelerate, but once it reaches a certain high speed, At the stage of just continuing this, a 2000cc engine is no longer necessary, and a 1500cc, 1000cc, or smaller engine should be sufficient.

This can be seen in the following example that we often experience in daily life: a rotating body that is very heavy and large until it starts rotating, and once it rotates, the acceleration of a single finger. It is clear that this is sufficient to continue the rotation.

However, it is economically and technically very difficult to install two types of engines, large and small, in automobiles, etc., and the uneconomical nature of this process has been tacitly acknowledged. Therefore, the piston-within-a-piston engine of the present invention makes the piston of an engine such as an automobile have an inner and outer double mechanism, and activates the piston with a single connecting rod, thereby increasing the engine's high output when starting or rapidly accelerating. If necessary, the explosion of a large stroke volume by both the inner and outer pistons, and the high speed rotation of the engine that has already reached a certain high speed and then only continues this is necessary) When explosion is no longer necessary, the piston's stroke volume changes, allowing the piston to instantly shift to a small stroke volume explosion using only the inner piston while continuing its high-speed rotation, saving valuable fuel consumption. It was designed to achieve this.

Next, to explain the drawings in detail, in a conventional engine as shown in FIG. From the inside of the opening □, a piston 3 that moves inside the cylinder 2 while maintaining airtightness with a piston ring etc. is mounted on a crank bearing 6 provided so as to face the outside of the opening □ via a connecting rod 4. When the ignition plug on the cylinder head 1 ignites and explodes the mixed gas of fuel and air that is connected to the crank pin 5 of the rotating crank device and compressed by the piston 3 inside the cylinder m2 in the direction of the cylinder head 1, the high temperature - The high-pressure explosive force was transmitted to the crank device via the connecting rod 4, and was transmitted to the outside as a rotational force that caused the crank pin 5 to draw a locus circle 7. Now, an example of the piston-within-piston engine of the present invention is as shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 6, which includes a cylindrical outer piston 12 that is directly engaged with the piston inside the cylinder 9, and a flange that is connected to the inside of the piston. In combination with the inner piston 11 which is also piston-coupled with the inside of the cylinder 9, an inner/outer double structure piston is formed. are provided with recessed holes 16 as shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, and FIG. 7, there is a cylindrical holding tube 1 in which pipe-shaped ventilation plugs 13 each having an SI at the tip are arranged in a piston formation.
4 are provided radially.

Further, a vent hole 15 is provided near the tip of each vent plug 13 in each holding tube 14, and when these vent holes 15 are in each holding tube 14, ventilation with the outside is blocked. When each holding tube 14 protrudes outside, it can freely vent to the outside.

In the piston-within-piston engine of the present invention constructed in this manner, first, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, when each ventilation plug 13 is located within each holding tube 14 and ventilation with the outside is blocked, In addition to the explosion stroke in which both the inner and outer pistons 11 and 12 are strongly pushed back, and the compression and exhaust strokes in which the outer piston 12 is pushed by the flange connected to the inner piston 11, the outer Even during the intake stroke when the piston 12 is left behind, the outside air is not introduced between the end surface of the outer piston 12 and the flange connected to the inner piston 11, so both the inner and outer pistons 12 are integrated into one. The connecting rod 10 has the effect of performing piston action, and the stroke volume of the piston is large, making it possible to respond to the request for powerful engine output at the time of starting or rapid acceleration. In addition, when the same vehicle has already reached a certain high speed and the engine does not need to run at high speed to continue this speed, the crank pin 17 is no longer required. At the end of the exhaust stroke when the top dead center is reached, as shown in FIGS. 6, the piston action of the outer piston 12 is caused by the protruding vent plugs 13, as shown in FIG.
At the same time as the piston stops, outside air is simultaneously introduced and exhausted from each vent hole 15 on each vent plug 13, and an explosion of a small stroke volume by only the inner piston 11 is also performed by one connecting rod 10. In addition, the intended stroke volume of the piston can be easily reduced, and outside air can be introduced through each vent hole 15. The effect of the discharge is that the inner piston 11 is effectively cooled. However, in this case, it is necessary to insert heat-resistant coil springs or the like between both end surfaces of the outer piston 12 and the flange portions connecting the cylinder head 8 and the inner piston 11 to prevent unnecessary movement and impact. Furthermore, if a strong engine output is required again, the above effect can be achieved by pulling up each vent plug 13 from each recessed hole 16 at once at the end of the exhaust stroke to cut off the introduction and exhaust of outside air. Both the inner and outer pistons 11112 are also integrated to facilitate large stroke volume piston action with the same connecting rod 10.

In this way, the piston-in-piston engine of the present invention can freely change the stroke volume of the piston while the engine continues to rotate, so it can be used with two types of engines, large and small. It has exactly the same effect and can save valuable fuel consumption, especially on highways and long distance drives, and conventional engines only explode and exhaust the large piston stroke volume, which scatters it all over the space. It also has the effect of significantly reducing exhaust gas pollutants.

In the example described in this specification, the piston activity of the outer piston 12 is stopped by several ventilation plugs 13 protruding from one end surface thereof, and at the same time only the inner piston 11 is stopped by ventilation from each ventilation hole 15 near the tip end thereof. As another example, the outer piston 12
The same effect can be achieved even if the piston action is stopped by protruding a cone-shaped stopper into a groove with a V-shaped cross section provided on the intermediate circumferential part other than the end part, and at the same time a separately provided valve device is operated to vent the piston. Able to achieve purpose.

Further, although this specification describes a four-stroke engine, the present invention can be similarly applied to two-stroke engines, diesel engines, etc. to save fuel consumption and reduce exhaust gas pollutants. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional explanatory diagram of a conventional engine; FIG. 2, FIG. 4, and FIG. 6 are cross-sectional views of an engine according to the present invention. Figure 4 shows the situation at the moment when the piston activity of the outer piston is stopped and Figure 5 shows a detailed diagram of a part of it, and Figure 6 shows only the inner piston. FIG. 7 is an explanatory longitudinal cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the vent plug at the moment of stop in FIG. 4. 1.8...Cylinder head, 2.9...Cylinder,
3... Piston, 11... Inner piston, 12...
Outer piston, 4.10. ...conrod, 5/17
...Crank pin "6.18 ... Crank bearing, 7.1
9... Locus circle, 13... Ventilation plug, 14...
...Holding pipe, 15...Vent hole, 16...Recessed hole. ※Fig.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 The inner and outer double structure pistons in the engine cylinder are activated by one connecting rod, and while the engine continues to rotate, the piston action is instantaneously changed to only the inner piston, or again to both the inner and outer pistons. A piston-within-a-piston engine characterized by the ability to freely shift between piston activities.