JPS60248347A - Shock-resistant laminate - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to impact resistant laminates, particularly those comprising at least one glass
This invention relates to an impact-resistant window panel made of a sheet. Some panels are bullet resistant and withstand bullets or other high energy impacts with little spalling from the rear side of the panel opposite the side receiving the impact. Other panels are "anti-pandals" that withstand manual attack by weapons such as hammers or pick handles, and the impact of stones or bricks, but do not necessarily need to be bullet resistant. anti=van
dal) J plate.

In the past, typically either one accepted the risk of spall from the back glass side of the laminate or used a back plastic sheet, such as a thick polycarbonate or str
Bullet resistant glass laminates containing acrylic sheets and anti-pandals
l) Glass laminates have been proposed.

In one example where the laminate is used as a vehicle window panel, the front sheet that receives the impact is a glass sheet, and the rear sheet inside the vehicle is a thick polycarbonate sheet that is ductile and has good spalling resistance. .

Often, impact resistant laminates are composed of multiple glass sheets laminated together with a later polycarbonate sheet that resists spalling better.

British Patent No. 1,504,198 describes a plurality of glass sheets and a scratch-resistant coating on their exposed surfaces.
An impact resistant laminate is described which is constructed from a back sheet made of polycarbonate having a clutch-resistance of up to 5 ttle. The tendency of polycarbonate sheets to spall due to a certain degree of brittleness of the protective layer can be reduced by reducing the thickness of the polycarbonate sheet to a range of 0.76 to 5.6 mm, yet under conditions of "minimum force" impact lamination It is said that it satisfies its functions.

GB 2011836 also discloses an improved impact resistant laminate consisting of a plurality of glass sheets resistant to single shots and adhered together by a transparent plastic interlayer which acts as an impact shock absorbing layer for the laminate. is proposed. these laminated glass
The seat is attached to the frame and has self-healing properties (self-h
sealing) separated by a space from a 9,5n++n thick polycarbonate sheet to which is applied a scratch resistant coating of polyurethane.

Polycarbonate or stretched acrylic sheet laminated to window panel rear spall barrier (rear 5
When used as a pall barrier, the cost of the laminate is significantly added. In some cases, the risk of spalling from the rear glass sheet is tolerated rather than incurring the added cost of the rear spall barrier.

The inventor has developed a method for producing coated or uncoated thin polycarbonate
It has been found that the sheet can work with impact resistant laminates, particularly with an effective spall resistant back monolayer applied to the back glass surface of an impact resistant window panel.

In the present invention, the rear glass surface opposite to the impact surface is provided with a 3-layer film that is thin enough to be applied to the rear glass surface without pre-forming to match the structure of this rear glass surface.
The object is to obtain an impact resistant laminate of at least 6 millimeters thick coated with a polycarbonate sheet up to +n+n thickness.

Additionally, in the present invention, the rear glass surface opposite to the impact surface is coated with a 0.000.degree. Polycarbonate with thickness in the range 25-3+nm
The object is to obtain an impact-resistant laminate coated with a sheet.

Normally, the thickness of polycarbonate sheet is 0.64mm
Try not to exceed this.

However, as long as the polycarbonate sheet is flexible enough to be applied to the back glass surface of the laminate without preforming to match the structure of the back glass surface of the laminate, the polycarbonate sheet may be 0.64+ nm or larger, i.e. , up to 1+nm or up to 3mm thick. The maximum thickness affects the curvature of the laminate.

In the case of flat laminates and laminates with low curvature, the polycarbonate can be up to 3 ml11 thick, and in the case of highly curved laminates, the polycarbonate can generally be up to 11 nm thick.

A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a plurality of glass sheets and a polycarbonate sheet applied to the rear surface of the glass sheet opposite the glass sheet to be impacted.

Additionally, the present invention provides an impact resistant glass laminate of at least 6IIIn thickness consisting of a plurality of glass sheets laminated together and a polycarbonate sheet applied to the rear surface of the glass sheet opposite the impact glass sheet. It's about getting.

In one example, the laminate can be comprised of two blunt annealed glass sheets bonded together with a polyvinyl butyral interlayer, and a polycarbonate sheet applied to the back glass surface.

In another example, the laminate can be comprised of three annealed glass sheets bonded together with a polyvinyl butyral interlayer, and a polycarbonate sheet applied to the back glass surface.

The front sheet of glass that receives impact is reinforced.
It can be made into a henec frosted glass sheet.

For example, when used as a railroad vehicle window screen panel, the front sheet of glass can be a semi-toughened sheet that breaks on impact with little visibility through the laminate. Such laminates for railroad vehicle window panels may consist of a front tempered glass sheet bonded to a tempered glass sheet after a polycarbonate sheet is applied to the rear side with a polyvinyl butyral interlayer.

In another example of the invention, a laminate may be constructed from an automotive anti-pandal window panel, comprising two sheets of tempered glass bonded together by a polyvinyl butyral interlayer, and a post-tempered glass sheet.
It can be constructed from a polycarbonate sheet applied to the rear side of the sheet.

Another construction of the anti-pardal panel of the present invention consists of a fully tempered glass sheet at least three times thick and a polycarbonate sheet applied to the rear surface of the sheet.

In each of the laminate examples described above, the thickness of the polycarbonate sheet is preferably in the range of 0.25 to 0.64 mm.

On each side, a suitable thermoplastic polyurethane can be used to bond the polycarbonate sheet to the back side of the glass laminate.

The exposed surface of the polycarbonate sheet can be coated with a coating that protects the polycarbonate from abrasion. This coating can be a self-healing coating, such as a self-healing polyurethane, or a wear-resistant hard coating, such as polysilane, melamine or acrylate.

In another example of the invention, the impact resistant glass laminate can be constructed from a plurality of glass sheets laminated together and with a composite monolayer applied to the subsequent glass surface opposite the impact glass surface. , such a composite monolayer can be formed from a polycarbonate sheet with a thickness ranging from 0.25 to 0.64+ nm with a self-healing polyurethane outer coating, and this composite monolayer has a thickness ranging from 1.5 to 1 mm on the rear glass surface. It can be applied with a thermoplastic polyester-based polyurethane layer having a thickness of .

When used as window panels for railroad vehicles, the laminate is made of 2-3++ on thick sheets of annealed glass.
It can be constructed from a composite monolayer of a 5 Inm thick tempered glass sheet laminated with a ~11+nn+ thick soft polyvinyl butyral interlayer, and a 2 ml thick polyurethane layer deposited on the back side of such annealed glass sheet.

When used as a bullet-resistant window panel, the laminate consists of two sheets of annealed glass, 12++ u++ thick, laminated with a 1.5+++ m thick polyvinyl butyral interlayer, on the back side of one of the glass sheets. 3
3 + am thick annealed glass sheets laminated with a mm thick polyvinyl butyral interlayer;
It can be constructed from a composite monolayer coated with a 2 mm thick polyurethane layer on the rear side of a +nn+ glass sheet.

Also included in the present invention is a composite monolayer consisting of a 0.25 to 0.64+++n thick polycarbonate sheet with a self-healing polyurethane coating on one side.

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, a bullet-resistant glass laminate is formed from an outer sheet 1 of annealed glass 12 mm thick, the surface 2 of which is subject to bullet impact. A second glass sheet 3 of annealed glass 12+n+n thick is bonded to the sheet 1 with a soft polyvinyl butyral interlayer 4 of 1.5 mln thickness. A 10+nn+ thick annealed glass sheet 5 is bonded to the glass sheet 3 with a second intermediate layer 6 of soft polyvinyl butyral. A composite monolayer consisting of a 0.5 mm thick polycarbonate sheet 9 and a 0.5 mm thick outer coating 10 of self-healing polyurethane is heated on the rear glass side 7 of the sheet 5 opposite the glass side 2 to be impacted. Plasticity/
A thin layer 8 of polyester-based polyurethane is applied. The self-healing polyurethane outer coating 10 forms a relatively soft exposed surface that acts as a scratch resistant layer.

7°6 on side 2 of the stack at a range of 30m under standard atmospheric temperature conditions.
It was confirmed that when a bullet was fired from a Parker-Harle T4 target rifle, all the glass sheets were destroyed, and the energy of the bullet was completely absorbed in the glass destruction, with only a slight bulge occurring in the polycarbonate sheet 9. Additionally, up to four bullets were fired at different target points onto the already destroyed laminate, although polycarbonate sheet 9 caused bulges to occur at each location.
We confirmed the surprising fact that there is no noticeable spalling from the rear. The fifth bullet caused a slight rupture in the composite monolayer at the target location, but still no appreciable spalling. It is therefore surprising that the structure described above with a thin polycarbonate spall barrier can withstand up to three other bullets after initial failure without spalling from the rear surface.

The composite single-layer polycarbonate sheet 9 can be applied to the rear glass surface 7 by a polyurethane layer 8 without preforming to match any curvature of the rear glass surface in the final step in the production of the bullet-resistant laminate. make it thin. Preforming is not required because it simplifies the manufacturing process and eliminates processes associated with the preforming process, including heating and bending required by thicker polycarbonate sheets.

Figure 2 shows the scratch-resistant layer made of a thin polycarbonate sheet 9.
2 shows a modified structure of the bulletproof laminate shown in FIG. This modified structure can be used where the scratch resistance of the inner surface of the laminate is not a problem. Second
The laminate shown in the figure has bullet-resistant properties similar to those in the first one, with an uncoated thin polycarbonate sheet 9 on the exposed surface 2 of the laminate acting as an effective spall barrier against up to four bullet impacts. have.

Figure 3 shows a bullet-resistant glass laminate of another deformed structure capable of withstanding bullets of moderate force without spalling. Consists of two 12 mm thick annealed glass sheets 1 and 3. 0.5 m
The rear surface 11 of the glass sheet 3 is coated with a single layer of composite polycarbonate consisting of a polycarbonate sheet 9 of m thickness and an outer coating 10 of 0.5 mm thickness of self-healing polyurethane.
thermoplastic polyester-based polyurethane layer 8
This laminate, deposited at
．． Tested using a 62 self-loading rifle. All of the glass broke, but without penetration and without spalling from the back of the laminate. Similar results were obtained for the laminate of the structure described above without the self-healing outer coating 10.

Figure 4 shows another modified bullet-resistant glass laminate consisting of an external annealed glass sheet 1 with a thickness of 12 + + m and a second annealed glass sheet 3 laminated with a polyvinyl butyral intermediate layer 4 with a thickness of 1.5 + + + m. It shows. In this construction, a third annealed glass sheet 5 of 3 mm thickness is laminated to said sheet 3 with a polyvinyl butyral layer 6 of 3 mrQ thickness. A thin spall barrier is provided with a composite monolayer consisting of a 0.5++un thick polycarbonate sheet 9 and a 0.25 mm thick outer coating 10 of self-healing polyurethane. This monolayer is applied to the rear side of the glass sheet 5 with a 2 mm thick thermoplastic polyester-based polyurethane layer 8. This 2 mark thick polyurethane layer 8
improves the effectiveness of the composite single layer 9, 10 as a spall barrier and acts to widen the load area when the glass sheet breaks due to bullet impact.

FIG. 5 shows an impact-resistant glass laminate used as a window screen panel for a railway vehicle. This window screen is destroyed by bullets, most commonly stoned (
They can be hit with other missiles that have sharp edges or edges, such as flyiogstones. It is important for vehicle drivers to remain visible even after an impact. For this reason, the external glass seam 3 can usually be formed from reinforced glass, in this case an 8-panel thick plate that is hand-strengthened to such an extent that the view through the laminate is hardly impaired after failure. Heat-strengthened glass sheets can be used. The outer sheet 13 is bonded with a thick polyvinyl butyral interlayer 14 of 3 mm thickness to a 3 m+n thick annealed glass sheet 15 forming the rear sheet of the glass laminate, and this sheet 15 is bonded to a rear surface 16 of an outer layer of self-healing polyurethane. A polycarbonate sheet 9 with a coating 10 is bonded with a thin layer 8 of thermoplastic polyester-based polyurethane. The polycarbonate sheet 9 has a thickness of 0.5 mm and the self-healing coating 10 has a thickness of 0.5 m+n to prevent scratch damage and prevent the vehicle driver from touching the inner surface of the window screen. Wipe it clean from time to time.
an) Visibility can be maintained under normal working conditions. The thick polyvinyl butyral intermediate layer 14 acts as a strong elastic membrane to protect against heavy missiles such as stones, even if the front glass sheet 13 is shattered by a stone.
sile) from entering the vehicle. 5. Even if the inner glass sheet 15 is damaged. The thin polycarbonate sheet 9 can prevent spalling.

In the above construction example of the present invention, and other construction examples combining thick polyvinyl butyral or other extensible plastic interlayers as shown in FIG. 4, the polycarbonate sheet can be thinner than 0.64 mm, such as 0.25 mm or It can be made thinner than this. However, coated or uncoated polycarbonate sheets 9 can be applied to the rear glass surface of the laminate without preforming and, depending on the curvature of the laminate, thick sheets, e.g. can be made as thick as .

FIG. 6 shows another modified structure of the impact-resistant glass laminate used as a window screen panel for a railway vehicle. The outer glass sheet 13 of the laminate is a 5+++m thick fast-strengthening glass sheet carrying a recoverable film 17. This external glass sheet 13 is 9 to 11 m long.
m thick soft polyvinyl butyral layer, 2~3m
m thickness and is bonded to an annealed glass sheet 15 which forms the back sheet of the glass laminate. On the rear side of the annealed glass sheet 15 is a composite monolayer consisting of a polycarbonate sheet 9 0.5+n+n thick and an outer coating 10 of self-healing polyurethane 0.25+n+++ thick.
Bonded with a thermoplastic polyester-based polyurethane layer 8. In the same way as in the example shown in FIG.
．． Improves the effectiveness of the spall barrier made up of 10.

FIG. 7 shows another impact resistant laminate of the present invention which is a light weight "anti-hangul" glass such as may be used in automobile window panels. This laminate consists of an outer glass sheet 13 with a thickness of 3 to 4 mm, and an inner glass sheet 13 with a thickness of 3 to 4 + nm in this outer seam 3.
The sheets 15 are bonded with a polyvinyl butyral intermediate layer 14 0.75-1.5 mm thick. Glass sheets 13 and 15 can be tempered or toughened. On the rear side of this glass sheet 15 is a composite monolayer consisting of a 0.5n++n thick polycarbonate sheet 9 and an outer coating 10 of 0.25 mm thick self-healing polyurethane, with a thin layer 8 of thermoplastic polyether-based polyurethane. be coated with.

Figure 8 shows a variant construction of an "anti-pandal" window panel similar to the panel shown in Figure 7 with a single 0.5 mm thick polycarbonate sheet without an external coating as an anti-spall barrier. ing.

The laminate shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 has a certain bullet resistance, and the outer sheet 13 has a hammer or rotary magazine breech (r).
It is possible to effectively protect the occupants of the vehicle from spalling even if the vehicle is hit by a device such as an "evolver butt".

FIG. 9 shows a similar construction of an impact resistant glass window panel according to the invention using anti-pandal glass, for example in an automobile. This patel has the resistance to hand impact. The laminate consists of an outer sheet 13 of 5+nm thick tempered glass. On the rear side of this glass sheet 13 a 0.5 mm thick polycarbonate sheet 9 is applied with a 1.25+n+n thick layer 8 of thermoplastic polyether-based polyurethane. The external tempered glass sheet can be thin or thick, e.g. in the thickness range from 3 to 8 +++ m, while the thickness of the polycarbonate sheet influences the curvature of the glass, but from 0.25 to 3 m
can be in the range m, usually 0.25 to l+nn+
range.

The polycarbonate sheet 9 can be provided with an abrasion-resistant outer coating of, for example, self-healing polyurethane.

The thin thermoplastic polyurethane layer 8 can be approximately 8.5 man thick if no thickness is specified in the example construction described above. This thickness is sufficient to bond the polycarbonate sheet 9 to the back glass surface and to absorb any thermal expansion stresses. 4th and 6th
The 2n++n thick thermoplastic polyurethane layer shown in the figure can be used if desired. Also, such a thick polyurethane layer advantageously contributes to the impact performance of the laminate as it spreads the load area over the polycarbonate even if the glass sheet is broken by bullet impact.

Instead of using thermoplastic polyurethane for layer 8,
Layers of other compatible thermoplastic adhesives, such as silicone resin adhesives, of the same thickness can be used.

Glazing work for automobiles is
Often associated with a particular preformed curvature, ie, the laminate formed from the structure shown in FIG. 4 is often associated with a preformed curvature. A thin flexible polycarbonate sheet is
andit) has proved particularly suitable for use in the production of laminates. This is because thin laminate sheets or coated laminate sheets can be applied to already shaped glass laminates.
This is because the spalling resistant polycarbonate sheet can be easily applied without any specific shaping process that requires pre-forming to conform to the shape of the main portion of the laminate.

The preformation of spalling-resistant thin polycarbonate sheets or of composite monolayers consisting of a polycarbonate sheet and its scratch-resistant coating can therefore be avoided in all cases of application of the invention.

FIG. 10 shows another variant structure of the invention consisting of three 10 mm thick annealed glass sheets 1.3 and 5 laminated together with a 1.5 mm thick soft polyvinyl butyral intermediate layer 4 and 6. The figure shows a laminate.

On the rear side of the glass sheet 5 a composite monolayer consisting of a polycarbonate sheet 9 0.5+nm thick and an outer coating 10 of acrylate 8-10+n+n thick is applied. This monolayer is applied to the rear glass surface 11 with a 2 mm thick thermoplastic polyester-based polyurethane layer 8.

The outer coating 10 is an anti-corrosion layer of the polycarbonate sheet 9.
To improve the wear resistance of the laminate without impairing the spall properties. When face 2 of the laminate was struck by a bullet from a 7.62 self-loading rifle under standard atmospheric conditions at a range of 30 m, the glass sheet fractured but did not penetrate the inner surface of the laminate and No swelling occurred. Penetration did not occur until the third bullet.

The outer coating 10 can be polysilane or melamine, and the hard outer coating can improve the abrasion resistance of the laminate without sacrificing the anti-spall properties of the polycarbonate sheet 10.

In the structural example shown in Figure 1O, the composite single layer is “LBXAN” manufactured by Genenal Electric Co., Ltd.
J(R) 8C20-1127 ilm can be used.

In each of the above-mentioned structural examples of the invention, the polycarbonate sheet 9 can be provided with a wear-resistant hard coating as described above instead of a suitable self-healing polyurethane coating.

In addition, in the present invention, the rear glass surface of the glass laminate used as architectural glass is coated with polycarbonate or a thin polycarbonate sheet with a thickness of 0.64 mm or less and a self-healing polyurethane outer coating or an abrasion-resistant hard outer coating. , for example the above-mentioned composite monolayers of polysiloxane, melamine or acrylate can be applied.

In the above-described structural example of the invention using a self-healing coating 10, abrasion resistant polyurethanes of the type described in GB 2011836 and GB 2070045 can be used as the coating.

This self-healing coating can be as thin as 0.125+++m, preferably 0.25-0.50+nm thick.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of a bullet-resistant window panel with an internal self-healing coating according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a bullet-resistant window panel with another modified structure, FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of an impact-resistant laminate used as a panel for a railway vehicle window screen according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of a laminate of another deformable structure used as an anti-pandal automobile window; FIG. 7th
FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view of an automobile window with another modified structure of the laminate shown in FIG.
FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a pandal window panel, and FIG. 10 is a partial cross-sectional view of a bullet-resistant window panel having an abrasion-resistant hard coating of another variation of the laminate of FIG. 1.13...External glass sheet (front glass sheet)
2...Front surface of glass sheet 3, 5.15...Glass sheet 4, 6.14...Polyvinyl butyral intermediate layer 7, 1
1.16... Rear surface of glass sheet (rear glass surface)... Thermoplastic polyester-based polyurethane layer 9... Polycarbonate sheet (composite single layer) 10...
Self-healing polyurethane outer coating (composite single layer) 17...
・Recoverable film

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. In an impact-resistant laminate having a rear glass surface (7) opposite to the impact-receiving surface and a rear polycarbonate sheet (9) adhered to this rear glass surface, the laminate has a thickness of at least 6 mm. The rear polycarbonate sheet (9) is up to 3 cm thick and thin enough to adhere to the rear glass surface (7) without being shaped to match the structure of the rear glass surface. Features a shock-resistant laminate. 2. In an impact resistant laminate having a polycarbonate sheet (9) applied to the rear glass surface (7) opposite to the impact surface, the polycarbonate sheet (9) is An impact-resistant laminate characterized in that it is thick and thin enough to be applied to the rear glass surface (7) without being shaped to match the structure of the rear glass surface. 3. Polycarbonate sheet (9) 0.64mm
The impact-resistant laminate according to claim 1 or 2, which does not have a thickness greater than or equal to the thickness. 4. Claim consisting of a plurality of glass sheets (1, 3, 5) and a polycarbonate sheet (9) applied to the rear side (7) of the glass sheet (5) opposite the glass sheet (1) subjected to impact. The impact-resistant laminate according to item 2 or 3. 5. Multiple glass sheets laminated together (1°3.
5) and a polycarbonate sheet (9) applied to the rear side (7) of the glass sheet (5) opposite to the glass sheet (1) subjected to impact. . 6. Two annealed glass sheets (1°3) bonded together with a polyvinyl butyral interlayer (4) and a polycarbonate sheet (11) applied to the rear glass surface (11).
9) The impact-resistant laminate according to claim 5, comprising: 7. Patent claim consisting of three annealed glass sheets (1, 3, 5) bonded together by a polyvinyl butyral interlayer (4, 6) and a polycarbonate sheet (9) applied to the rear glass surface (7) The impact-resistant laminate according to item 5. 8. The impact-resistant laminate according to claim 5, wherein (13) is a reinforced glass sheet. 9. The impact-resistant laminate according to claim 8, wherein the front glass sheet (13) is a semi-tempered glass sheet that breaks in the event of an impact so as to hardly impair the observation of the field of view through the laminate. 10, Semi-tempered glass sheet (13) (1)
5) with a polyvinyl butyral intermediate layer (14),
The impact-resistant laminate according to claim 9, wherein the rear surface (16) of the rear sheet (15) is covered with a polycarbonate sheet. 11. Claims consisting of two tempered glasses (13, 15) bonded to each other by a polyvinyl butyral interlayer (14) and a polycarbonate sheet (9) applied to the rear side of the post-tempered glass sheet (15) The impact-resistant laminate according to item 8. 12. At least 3mm thick tempered glass sheet (1
3) and a polycarbonate sheet (9) adhered to the rear surface of this sheet. 13. The thickness of the polycarbonate sheet (9) is 0°2.
Claims 1 to 5 to 0.64 mrrl
The impact-resistant laminate according to any one of Item 12. 14. The impact-resistant laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein a polycarbonate sheet (9) is coated on the rear glass surface with thermoplastic polyurethane (8). 15. Claims 1 to 15 comprising an external self-healing polyurethane coating (10) on a polycarbonate sheet.
The impact-resistant laminate according to any one of Item 14. 16. Impact-resistant laminate according to any one of claims 1 to 14, comprising an external abrasion-resistant hard coating (IO) on the polycarbonate sheet. 17. Rear glass surface opposite to the glass surface receiving the impact (7
) is provided with a composite monolayer consisting of a polycarbonate sheet (9) with a thickness ranging from 0.25 to 0.64 mm with an external self-healing polyurethane coating (10), and this composite monolayer is applied to the rear glass surface. A thermoplastic polyester-based polyurethane layer with a thickness ranging from .5 to 4+++ m (
8) The impact-resistant laminate according to claim 5, which is deposited in accordance with claim 8). 18.2~3mm thick annealed glass) (15)
a tempered glass sheet (13) laminated with a 9-11 mm thick soft polyvinyl butyral interlayer (14) and an annealed glass sheet (15) with 2 mm DE on the back side.
Composite monolayer (9, 1) coated with a polyurethane layer (8)
18. The impact-resistant laminate according to claim 17, comprising: 19, two 12 mm thick annealed glass sheets (1, 3) laminated together with a 1.5 n+n+ thick polyvinyl butyral interlayer (4), one of these 12 mm thick glass sheets ( 3) 3+++ on the back
A 3 mm thick annealed glass sheet (5) laminated with an m thick polyvinyl butyral interlayer (6) and a 2 mI [l thick polyurethane layer (5) on the back side of this 3 mm thick glass sheet (5). Composite monolayer (9,10
) The impact-resistant laminate according to claim 17, comprising: 20. Impact-resistant laminate according to claim 19, in which the composite monolayer is composed of a polycarbonate sheet (9) 0.25 to 0.64 mm thick with a self-healing polyurethane coating (10) on one side. .