JPS60197250A - Vertical type crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vertical pulverizer that pulverizes cement raw materials, coal, chemicals, etc. through cooperation between a rotary table and rollers.

Vertical crushers equipped with a rotary table and a spout are widely used as a type of crusher that finely crushes granules such as cement raw materials, coal, and chemicals into powder. This type of crusher consists of a disk-shaped rotary table that is driven by a motor with a reducer to rotate at low speed in the lower part of a cylindrical casing, and a part that divides the outer circumference of the upper surface into equal parts in the circumferential direction, which is pressed by hydraulic pressure or the like. It is equipped with a plurality of rollers that are driven to rotate.

The granules as raw materials supplied to the center of the rotary table through the supply pipe are subjected to centrifugal force in the radial direction of the table due to the rotation of the table, and as they slide on the table, they receive a force in the rotational direction from the table. The table rotates somewhat slower than the table rotation speed. The above two forces, ie, the radial and rotational forces, are combined, and the powder moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table while drawing a spiral trajectory on the table. Since a roller is pressed against this outer circumferential part and rotates, the particles with spiral lines enter between the roller and the rotary table from a direction forming a certain angle with the roller axis direction, and are bitten and crushed. .

On the other hand, hot air is guided to the base of the casing by a duct, and as this hot air blows up from the annular space between the outer circumferential surface of the rotary table and the inner circumferential surface of the casing, the fine powder is dried and removed from the casing. The air rises inside the air and is discharged as a mixture with hot air through the outlet and sent to the next process.

Figure 1 is a plan view of a rotary table for explaining at what rate the supplied granules go to the rollers in a conventional crusher in which granules are supplied to the center of the rotary table through a supply pipe. In the figure, reference numeral 1 indicates a rotary table that rotates in the direction shown by arrow A in the figure, and reference numeral 2 indicates four O-ra which are in line contact with the upper surface of the rotary table 1. As mentioned above, as a result of centrifugal force acting in the radial direction due to the rotation of the rotary table 1, the granules receive a force outward, and also receive a force in the direction of rotation due to the rotation of the table 1, and the granules attempts to move in the direction that is the result of the two forces. Moreover, the table rotation speed is constant (that is, the table angular velocity is constant)
When , the centrifugal force differs depending on the position (radial distance m) of the placed particles, so this combined direction also changes from time to time.

For example, if granules are dropped at 10 points on the radius of table 1 in Figure 1, the radius at 2 to 3 points near the center is small, so the static friction force acting on the table and granules is stronger than the centrifugal force. Largely, there is no relative movement between the table and the grains, and they just rotate around the table, but the remaining 7 to 8 points move around the outer periphery in a spiral shape, tracing trajectories as shown by the dotted lines in the figure. Move to.

Note that the trajectory of the particles shown in the figure changes depending on parameter variables such as the table diameter, the table rotation speed, the coefficient of dynamic friction between the particles to be dropped and the table, and the falling position (radius and angle of the falling position). It goes without saying that you should.

The trajectory in FIG. 1 shows an example of limestone particles being dropped by a vertical crusher that is conventionally manufactured and sold on a commercial basis.

In addition, Fig. 2 shows that Fig. 1 shows the falling position of the particles ri = (
0,05~0.5) R, φ1=0° for only 10 points in a row, ri= (0,05~0.5)R1φi=o”
, 10°, 20°, . . . , shows the locus of the particles when 90 points are drawn at 80°.

As is clear from Fig. 2, in the conventional crusher, among the particles falling at the 10 points, those closest to the center are either bitten by the first roller 2 that they encounter, or pass inside the roller and move to the second roller. However, particles that fall away from the center are not caught by the roller 2 and fall off the periphery of the rotary table 1 and fall outside the pull. It ends up. As mentioned above, the fallen particles are lifted up by the hot air blowing up the annular space between the rotary table 1 and the casing, and are returned directly onto the rotary table 1, or are classified by the upper separator and placed on the rotary table 1. The granules are returned to the roller 2 and have a chance to be bitten by the roller 2 again, but the air pressure and wind pressure loss consumed by blowing up and circulating the granules poses a problem. That is, since the granules overflowing from the rotary table 1 are granules before being crushed, the distance is usually 30 to 50 m.
It is a coarse particle of mφ, and in order to raise it, a wind speed of about 60111/S is required. On the other hand, considering the degree of pulverization of the raw material and the degree of classification of the separator, 300 μm, which is twice the maximum particle size of 150 to 200μ, is sent to the inlet of the separator.
It is meaningless for particles with a diameter of ~400μ or more to arrive, and even considering the difficulty of classification on the rotary table 1,
It is sufficient to blow up particles with a diameter of less than mm, and the wind speed required for this may be about 20 to 3011/S.

In this way, conventional crushers require air blowing equipment with an air volume several times the required ffl volume to blow up and circulate the overflow granules, and the increased circulation volume within the crusher increases the air volume and wind pressure. Not only does this significantly increase the equipment cost and power consumption m, but also the granules returning from the separator do not return to the rotary table and repeat a flow unrelated to crushing, which results in wasted energy consumption. have.

Therefore, as one method to alleviate such inconveniences, conventionally, among the particles that overflow from the periphery of the rotary table, particles that cannot ride the rising airflow rising from the periphery of the rotary table are The material is dropped from the supply section to the bottom of the crusher and actively taken out of the crusher, and then returned to the raw material supply section of the crusher using a transportation device such as a packet elevator installed outside the crusher. A known method is to reduce the volume and speed of the rising air by re-injecting the powder into the pulverizer and re-pulverizing it, thereby reducing the amount of circulation inside the pulverizer.

However, even with conventional vertical crushing equipment that applies this method, the open end of the raw material supply pipe of the crusher is provided toward the center of the rotary table, and the raw material is not supplied onto the rotary table. Since the particles of the raw material still have a structure that behaves as described above, it is possible to reduce the amount of raw material that leaks out from the outer periphery of the rotary table without being bitten by the rollers even once. For this reason, it has not been possible to sufficiently reduce the volume and velocity of rising air blown from the outer periphery of the rotary table, especially in crushing apparatuses that are required to secure a required amount of product. Also,
The pulverization efficiency was also poor because most of the raw material once supplied was discharged downward from the outer periphery of the rotary table without being bitten by the rollers, that is, without being subjected to the pulverizing action even once.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional art. The grinder is equipped with a plurality of rollers, and the pulverized material falling from the rising air supply section around the periphery of the rotary table is taken out of the pulverizer and returned to the raw material supply section of the pulverizer by a transport device installed outside the pulverizer. In the vertical crushing device, the raw material supply pipe is branched into the same number of rollers as the rollers above the center of the rotary table of the crusher, and each branch pipe is connected to the rotary table. By opening each of the branch pipes close to the top surface of the rotary table at a position near the center of the rotary table between the adjacent rollers so that the supplied raw material flows toward the rollers, the feed raw materials are bitten by the rollers. By increasing the ratio to almost 100%, large-grained raw stone (
Raw material granules that have never been crushed by rollers)
The volume of rising air to eliminate overflow from the rotary table as much as possible and lift up overflowing large raw material granules,
In addition to significantly reducing the wind speed, it also improves the crushing efficiency by improving the crushing probability, and eliminates wasted transportation energy such as overflow of green stone on the rotary table, and prevents it from getting caught in the rollers for some reason. For part of the raw material that has been crushed by the rollers, or for granules that are larger than the required particle size among the granules that have been crushed once by the rollers but do not reach the final powder level, the outer circumference of the rotary table The air is dropped from the rising air supply section of the mill to the bottom of the mill and taken out of the mill, and then sent back to the raw material supply section of the mill to be pulverized using a transportation device such as a packet elevator installed outside the mill. The vertical type enables a significant reduction in the power of the blower as well as reducing the air volume and speed needed to blow up the raw rock that overflows from the rotary table by reducing the air volume and speed required to blow up the raw rock by re-feeding it into the machine. The present invention provides a crushing device.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

3 and 4 show an embodiment of the vertical crushing device according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the rotary table, crushing rollers, and raw material supply pipes. It is. In the figure, a crusher 11 includes a cylindrical tower-shaped casing 12 that stands upright on the floor, and a motor 13 with a speed reducer is fixed at the center of the base end of the casing 12.

On the rotating shaft facing upward of the motor 13, there is a rotary table 15 formed in the shape of a disk and having a liner 14 adhered to its horizontal upper surface.
is mounted on a shaft and is driven by a motor 13 as shown by arrow B in the figure.
It is rotating horizontally at low speed in the direction shown. Reference numeral 16 denotes four arm shafts that are horizontally supported by the casing 12 near the outside of a portion that divides the peripheral edge of the rotary table 15 into four equal parts in the circumferential direction. Arm axis 1
An arm 17 formed in an L-shape is pivotally attached to the arm 17, and a crushing roller 19 formed in a conical shape with a head is rotated on a roller shaft 18 fixedly supported by the bearing part. It is freely mounted on a shaft, and its curved surface is brought into contact with the upper surface of the outer peripheral part of the rotary table 15.

The operating end of a pressure cylinder (not shown) that is pivotally supported on the casing 12 side is pivotally connected to each arm 17. By operating this pressure cylinder, the arm 17 swings and the roller 19 is moved toward the rotary table 15. The pressing force changes,
It is configured so that the crushing force for the object to be crushed held between the rotary table 15 and the rollers 19 is adjusted. Note that the roller 19 and the rotary table 15 are in line contact (actually, a surface contact with a very small width), and in FIG. 4, this contact line is indicated by the reference numeral 19a. An annular air passage 20 is provided below the outer periphery of the rotary table 15 and is connected to a hot air generator through a duct (not shown), and above the rotary table 15 and between the casing 12,
An annular blow-up passage 21 is provided that communicates the air passage 20 with the inner chamber of the casing 12. Note that a plurality of blades that rotate within the blow-up passage 21 are provided protruding from the outer circumferential surface of the rotary table 15.

On the other hand, below the periphery of the rotary table 15 is a pocket 33 which is an annular groove forming a part of the air passage 20 described above.
is arranged, and a plurality of plate-shaped rock scrapers 34 (for example, about two scrapers in symmetrical positions) are attached to the lower end of the peripheral edge of the rotary table 15 with their lower sides close to the bottom plate 33a. ing. An opening 33b is formed in a part of the bottom plate 33a of the pocket 33, and the main body of the crusher 11 below this opening 32 is provided with an opening 33b for guiding the waste rock to the outside of the crusher 11. Rock discharge chute 3
5 is provided. The discharge port of this rock removal chute 35 is connected to the input port of a packet elevator 36 disposed outside and laterally of the crusher 11. On the other hand, the discharge port 36a in the upper part of the packet elevator 36 is connected to a raw material feeder 30 for the crusher 11, which will be described later.
Coarse particles discharged from the crusher 11111 are taken out through a stone removal chute 35 to the outside of the crusher 11111, and are reinjected into the crusher 11 together with new feedstock by the packet elevator 36.

An upper casing 22 formed in a cylindrical shape with a slightly larger diameter toward the top is joined to the upper end flange of the casing 12, and a bearing 23 equipped with a pair of upper and lower ball bearings is attached to the upper end of the upper casing 22. is fixed. Reference numeral 24 denotes a separator for classifying the pulverized material rising by the hot air blown up from the blow-up passage 21, and includes a cylindrical body 24a that is pivotally supported by the bearing 23 and suspended from the center of the upper casing 22; The cylindrical body 24 is formed of a plurality of tilting rotating blades 24d supported by supporting members 24b and 24c at the center and lower ends thereof.
A pulley 25 pivotally attached to the upper end of the motor 26 is drivingly connected to a pulley 27 of a motor 26 by a belt 28. Reference numeral 29 denotes a discharge port which is connected to the next step (not shown) through a duct and discharges the pulverized material.

A raw material supply l130 connected to a raw material hopper (not shown) is installed horizontally above the upper casing 22, and a conveyor 3 for conveying raw materials input therein is installed horizontally.
1 is hung. In addition, this raw material supply machine 30 includes:
As mentioned above, the outlet 36a of the packet elevator 36
is connected. A main pipe 32a of the raw material supply pipe 32, which is a main part of the present invention, is connected to the downward flange of the raw material supply device 30, and the cylindrical body 2 of the separator 24
It penetrates inside 4a and hangs concentrically therewith. The main pipe 32a is formed into a cylindrical shape, and from its lower end there are four branch pipes 32b, 132c, 32, the same number as the rollers 19.
d, 32e are branched. Each branch pipe 32b to 32
The rotary table 1 between adjacent rollers 19 is inclined so that the distance between them increases toward the lower end.
The opening is close to the upper surface of the rotary table 15 at a position near the center of the rotary table 15. Therefore, the raw material falling down the main pipe 32a passes through the branch pipes 32b to 32e and is distributed and supplied to four locations on the rotary table 15 from the openings thereof.

The operation of the pulverizer configured as described above will be explained by taking coal pulverization as an example. After starting the motor 13 and 26, granular coal as a raw material is fed into the raw material hopper, and this coal is conveyed by the conveyor 31 of the raw material feeder 30, and is passed through the main pipe 32a of the raw material supply pipe 32 from the conveyance terminal end. After falling, it is divided into branch pipes 32b to 32e, and distributed and supplied to four locations on the rotary table 15. At this time, the rotary table 15 is driven by the motor 13 and rotates horizontally, and the roller 19 is also pressed against the rotary table 15 and rotates as a result.
5 slides on the table 15 under the centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the rotary table 15, and at the same time receives a rotational force from the rotary table 15, slips between the table 15 and rotates somewhat slower than the table rotation speed, thereby forming a spiral line as described later. It moves to the outer periphery of the rotary table 15 while drawing a trajectory like this. Most of the moved granular coal is caught between the rotary table 15 and the rollers 19, and is crushed into pulverized coal by compression, impact, and shearing action. Therefore, the amount of granular coal (raw stone) overflowing from the outside of the rotary table 15 can be significantly reduced without being bitten by the rollers 19 even once as in the conventional case. For this reason, it is possible to improve the crushing efficiency by increasing the crushing probability,
Blow-up passage 2 for blowing up this overflowing granular coal
1, it is possible to significantly reduce the volume and pressure of the rising air (hot air) supplied to the air. Then, the pulverized coal containing pulverized coal that has been bitten by the roller 19 and crushed, or the granulated coal (raw stone) that has not been bitten by the roller 19 for some reason reaches the peripheral edge of the rotary table 15. At this time, among the pulverized coal or granular coal that has overflowed from the outer periphery of the rotary table 15, those larger than a required particle size are allowed to drop downward from the blow-up passage 21. That is, for example, particles having a particle size of about 10IllIl or less are sent through an air duct and an air passage 20, and are sent from a blow-up passage 21 between the rotary table 15 and the casing 12 using a swirling force by the blades provided there. The particles are lifted upward by the hot air that is blown up while being applied with the particles, and particles having a diameter of about 1011 or more are allowed to fall downward against the blowing force of the hot air. This operation can be easily performed by adjusting the amount and speed of hot air supplied. That is, specifically, this can be done by significantly lowering the air volume and wind speed than in the past. The above-mentioned pulverized coal or granular coal with a particle size of about 10 m or more (pulverized coal or granular coal) rides on the updraft and passes through the separator 2.
Sent to 4. Since the separator 24 is driven and rotated by the motor 26, centrifugal force is applied to the particles by the swirling airflow generated by the rotation of the rotating blades 24d, and granulated coal coarser than the required particle size is forced outward. After being blown away and falling onto the rotary table 15, pulverization is repeated until it becomes a fine powder of the required particle size. Further, the pulverized coal having a particle size smaller than the required size passes through the separator 24 and is discharged from the discharge port 29 together with hot air, and is conveyed in the duct to the next process, such as a combustion device or a dust collector, and then recovered as a jaw product.

On the other hand, the above-mentioned coarse coal having a particle size of about 101Il1 or more, which is dropped downward from the blow-up passage 21, is collected by the crusher 1.
It falls into the pocket 33 below the periphery of the rotary table 15 of No. 1, and there, it is removed by the scraper 34 for removing rocks
3 to the stone discharge chute 35 at the bottom of the crusher 11.

Then, this coarse granulated coal is guided above the crusher 11 by the packet elevator 36, transferred onto the conveyor 31 of the raw material feeder 30, and supplied to the crusher 11 together with new raw materials to be re-pulverized.

Here, the behavior of the object to be crushed on the rotary table 15 will be explained. FIG. 5 shows the behavior of the granules on the rotary table 1 in a conventional pulverizer, corresponding to FIG.
) is a plan view for explaining how many of the grains passing through the radius R encounter the roller 2. As is clear from the figure, only the particles passing between points P1 and P2 encounter the roller 2, but all of the particles closer to the outer periphery and some of the particles closer to the inner periphery are all rotated. Deviates from Table 1. In contrast, Figure 6 shows the 4th
The behavior of the granules in this apparatus shown in the figure is shown in correspondence with FIG. 32e
Since the granules are supplied to the opening by opening the granules, almost all of the granules can encounter the roller 19.

Although this embodiment shows an example in which four crushing rollers 19 and four branch pipes 32b to 32e are provided, any number may be used as long as it is two or more. Further, in this embodiment, an example is shown in which the raw material supply pipe 32 is passed through and hangs down inside the separator 24. After facing above the center, it may be branched into a plurality of branch pipes.

As is clear from the above description, the vertical crusher of the present invention can pass through the raw material supply pipe by selecting an appropriate position calculated backward from the trajectory of the grains as the falling position of the grains at the opening of the raw material supply pipe. Almost all of the particles falling from the opening position through each branch pipe reach the crushing roller and are crushed, and then reach the outer periphery of the rotary table. Therefore, the amount of so-called green stone that overflows without being bitten by the rollers is significantly reduced, which makes it possible to significantly reduce the gas flow velocity and air volume required to blow up the raw stone, and also to crush the raw stone. It is possible to improve the crushing efficiency by increasing the probability.

In addition, particles that have been crushed by the crushing rollers but have not yet become fine powder, or that have not been bitten by the crushing rollers for some reason and are larger than the required particle size, are stored at the bottom of the crusher. By dropping the powder and supplying it to the desired position on the rotary table through a path outside the crusher, the amount and speed of air required to blow up the powder can be reduced.
In addition, the amount of raw material circulated within the crusher has been significantly reduced, and the only raw materials that are circulated within the crusher are those with smaller particle sizes than in the past, which means that they will never get caught in the rollers as mentioned above. This greatly reduces the amount of raw rock that overflows without overflowing, making it possible to significantly reduce the amount and speed of air needed to blow it up, and at the same time, significantly reducing the fluid flow speed and amount of air that were previously required. I can do it.

Therefore, the wind pressure and air volume of the blower can be significantly reduced, and as a result, the power of the blower can be reduced, and equipment costs can be reduced by reducing the specifications of the blower. In addition, by improving the crushing efficiency due to the aforementioned improvement in crushing probability, etc., it becomes easier to secure the required amount of product for the crusher, and it becomes possible to significantly reduce the air volume and pressure as described above. Furthermore, regarding the rotating power of the crusher table, it is possible to eliminate invalid work from the part of the granule transport work that forms part of the crushing work, and as a result of reducing the crushing power per unit of production, the crushing efficiency is also improved. .

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1, 2, and 5 are plan views of the rotary table for explaining the behavior of particles on the rotary table in a conventional vertical crusher. Figure 2 is a plan view showing the movement trajectory of the raw material supplied to 10 points, Figure 2 is a plan view showing the movement trajectory of the raw material when the raw material is supplied over a range of angles of 90°, and Figure 5 is a plan view showing the movement trajectory of the raw material supplied to 10 points. 3, 4, and 6 are plan views showing movement trajectories when raw materials are lined up in a row at a pitch of 0.05R with a radius dividing the area into two, and FIGS. 3, 4, and 6 are vertical crushers according to the present invention An example of the apparatus is shown, and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the relationship between the rotary table, rollers, and branch pipes for supplying raw materials, and FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the behavior of raw materials on the rotary table. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a rotary table for explaining. 11...Crusher, 15...Rotary table, 19...
・Roller, 32... Raw material supply pipe, 32a... Main pipe,
32b132c, 32d, 32e-knee branch pipe, 3
5-... Rock discharge chute, 36... Packet elevator patent applicant Ube Industries, Ltd. Figure 1 2 Figure 2 Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] It is equipped with a rotary table, a raw material supply pipe that supplies raw materials onto the rotary table, and a plurality of rollers that move on the upper surface of the outer periphery of the rotary table to crush the raw materials, and a mechanism for raising the periphery of the rotary table. A vertical crusher that takes out the crushed material that falls from the air supply section outside the crusher, returns it to the raw material supply section of the crusher using a transport device installed outside the crusher, and then feeds it back into the crusher. Above the center of the rotary table of the crusher, the raw material supply pipe is branched into the same number of rollers as the raw material supply pipes, and the raw material supplied to the rotary table from each branch pipe flows toward the rollers. A vertical crushing device characterized in that a branch pipe is opened close to the top surface of the rotary table at a position near the center of the rotary table between the adjacent rollers.