JPS5991494A - Performance information sensor for automatic performance piano - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a performance information sensor for a automatic performance piano that is capable of recording performance information more faithfully.

Generally, a player piano that has not only a playback function but also a recording function is equipped with a sensor that is used during recording. This sensor is usually called a key sensor, and is placed below the six keys to detect the pressed key, as well as detect the difference in opening and closing times of the contacts to detect keystroke speed, etc. I try to keep good records.

However, the sound generation mechanism of a player piano is constructed in the same way as a general piano, and the strings are struck using a key and an action mechanism that rotates and flies a linked ML-C hammer.
At the same time, just before this string is struck, a damper mechanism that operates in conjunction with the key releases the string and allows it to vibrate when the string is struck, so strictly speaking, the movement of the action mechanism and damper mechanism is not the same as the movement of the key. Therefore, simply detecting the movement of the key faithfully does not mean faithfully detecting the string striking information (pronunciation information) and sound stopping information, and therefore accurate string striking timing and sound stopping timing.

It was not possible to obtain performance information based on the strength and weakness of the strings. In particular, in special playing techniques such as staccato and rapid repeated hits, information on hitting the keys and strings using the hammer can be used.
There is noticeable inaccuracy in the sound stop information provided by the damper mechanism, making accurate recording difficult.

This invention was made in view of the above points,
A hammer sensor is installed corresponding to the hammer sensor, and this hammer sensor detects the name of the key and the string-striking action of the hammer.A damper sensor is installed corresponding to the Danno Kuichi mechanism, and this damper sensor To provide a self-playing piano capable of faithfully recording performance information by detecting string stoppage information.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional side view showing one embodiment of an action mechanism section of a player piano equipped with a performance information sensor according to the present invention. In the figure, a keyboard section 2 is placed on a shelf board 1 of a player piano, and a plurality of (for example, 88) keys 4 are placed on top of the keyboard section 2, each corresponding to a string 3 of each pitch. are arranged parallel to each other so as to be able to freely swing in the vertical direction centering on their respective intermediate portions.

At the rear end of the lower surface of the shelf board 1, a plurality of actuators 5, which are used during playback, are arranged corresponding to each pair. These actuators 5 are constituted by well-known electromagnetic plungers, and have a solenoid 5a, a lower end portion of which is loosely inserted into the center hole of the solenoid 5a, an upper end portion of which passes through a through hole 6 of the shelf board 1, and a solenoid 5a. It is comprised of a plunger 5b whose top end surface closely opposes the lower surface of the rear end of the corresponding key 4. Therefore, when a voltage pulse is applied to the solenoid 5a to excite it, the plunger 5b instantly moves upward and pushes up the lower surface of the rear end 4b of @4.
The key 4 is operated as if it were pressed by hand. In this case, the location of the actuator 5 is not necessarily limited to the bottom surface of the shelf board 1, but it may also be placed in a thinner location between the shelf board 1 and the key 4, or on the key 4 as in a Borsetzer type piano. Of course, it may be arranged above the front end portion 4a.

A well-known action mechanism 7 is attached to the rear end portion 4b of the shank 4.
The action mechanism 7 includes a support 8 which is raised and rotated by the key 4, a jack 9 rotatably supported on the free end side of the support 8, and a repete on the upper surface of the middle part of the support 8. Repetition lever 11 is swingably disposed via a 7 range 10, and a hammer shank 14 whose one end is rotatably supported by a shank rail 13 is connected to the other end via a hammer wood 15. huff
-7-7 Elt 16 is fixed, and hammer roller 1 as a buffer member is attached to the lower surface of the rotation fulcrum side of the shank 14.
7. The hammer 12 is attached to the repetition lever 11 and placed on the upper surface of the other end side of the repetition lever 11.

A plurality of hammer sensors 20 are disposed above the rotation fulcrum side of the hammer shirt 2140 in correspondence to each action mechanism T. This hammer sensor 20 detects the operation of the pressed key 4 and the string-strike timing and string-strike strength of the hammer 12 that operates in conjunction with the key 4, converts it into a digital signal, and transmits this signal to a data recorder. (
(not shown), and is attached to the inner surface of the sensor bracket 21, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. That is, the sensor bracket 21 has a length that extends commonly to all the action mechanisms 7, and is bent into a substantially inverted shape, so that the sensor bracket 21 has a vertical portion 21a and a horizontal portion 21b. An upper hinge piece 22A of the hinge 22 is fixed to this vertical portion 21a. On the other hand, the lower hinge piece 22B of the hinge 22 is always screwed to a pace bracket 23 fixed to the right side of the shank rail 13 in FIG. Usually fixed with screws. Therefore, action mechanism 7
And after pulling out the fa4 from the keyboard part together with the keyboard part 2 and removing the screws (not shown) fixing the upper hinge piece 22A and the vertical part 21a to the pace bracket 23,
Move the sensor bracket 21 approximately 18 degrees clockwise in FIG.
When the bracket 21 is rotated by 0 degrees, the bracket 21 is turned over as shown by the two-dot chain line, and maintenance of the hammer sensor 20 2 is completed.
This makes inspection and replacement work easier.

The horizontal part 21b of the sensor bracket 21 extends above the hammer shank 14, and the horizontal part 21b extends below the horizontal part 21b.
Each IK hammer sensor 20 connects each hammer shank 14
are arranged accordingly. As shown in FIG. 2, each hammer sensor 20 is held at its intermediate portion by a leaf holder 24 -725, and is located behind this holder 24 and has a common fixed contact for the leaves 25 of all hammer sensors 2o. A pair of upper and lower wires 2 that make up
6A and 26B, and the front end of the leaf 25 is disposed on the lower surface of the horizontal portion 21b.
(see Figure 1). On the other hand, of the pair of wires 26A and 26B, the upper wire 26A is fixed to the surface of a fixed contact printed circuit board 28 disposed on the lower surface of the horizontal portion 21b, and the lower wire 26B is fixed to the printed circuit board 28 with a spacer. is fixed to the upper surface of the plate 29 attached via the upper wire 26A and faces the upper wire 26A,
A predetermined distance is set and maintained between these two wires 26A, 26B. And both wires 26A and 26B
The rear end of the leaf 25 is inserted between the two and normally contacts the lower wire 26B from above, and the rear end of the leaf 25 is bent into a substantially J-shape to press the pressed part 25A by the hammer shank 14. It consists of

Note that the leaf 25 has a holder 24 that is attached to the horizontal portion 2.
It is attached to a tongue-shaped portion 3o provided on 1b, and the height can be adjusted by bending the tongue-shaped portion 3o downward. Reference numeral 31 is a notched groove.

32 is felt, and 33 is a buffer member.

In the hammer sensor 2° having such a configuration, when the action mechanism T is operated in conjunction with the key 4 and the hammer 12 is rotated upward, the upper surface of the hammer shank 14 causes the +, 1-f 25 Pressed part 2
5A is pushed up and elastically deformed. As a result, leaf 2
5 separates from the lower wire 26B and connects to the upper wire 26B.
By contacting A, a transfer contact is formed.

At this time, the signal sent when the leaf 25 separates from the wire 26B is sent to the data recorder as a detection signal (key name signal) of the key 4, and from the time of the break between the leaf 25 and the wire 26B, the leaf 25 and the wire 26A The time up to the make point is measured. This time is Hammer 12
If the string-striking speed is fast, the string will be short, and if it is slow, it will be long. By measuring this, it is possible to directly detect the string-striking speed, that is, the string-striking strength. Therefore, using this string-striking information, you can more accurately This enables accurate sound production control and faithful recording of performance information.

Figures 3(a) and 3(b) show the amount of struggle of the key 4 (front end 4
This is a diagram showing the relationship between the sinking amount of A), the movement of the hammer 12, and the break and make times of the hammer sensor 20.
, B are the break time and make time of the hammer sensor 20. In this case, from break point A to make point B
The time Δt until then is converted into a digital signal and recorded as the above-mentioned string-striking information. Also, there is a time difference of Δt1 between the start of the operation of the key 4 and the break point A, but
This time difference Δt1 is extremely small and does not pose any problem in detecting the blunt signal.

Next, returning to FIG. 1 again to explain the damper mechanism and the damper sensor, a plurality of damper mechanisms 40 are disposed behind the key 4 and operate in conjunction with each key 4. This door/beam 41W 40, like a general grand piano, is provided corresponding to the string 3 of each pitch, and prevents the vibration of the string 3 when not being played, and presses the key 4 when playing. The damper head 41. operates in conjunction with the damper head 41. Damper lever 42, tamper block 44. Damper wire 45. It is composed of lifting rails 46 and the like. The lifting rail 46 is raised and rotated in conjunction with the depression of a damper pedal (not shown) provided at the bottom of the piano's body, thereby simultaneously pushing up all the damper levers 42 and lifting all the damper heads. 41 away from the string 3. Therefore, when you hit any string 3 with the hammer 12 with all the strings 3 released by pedal operation, the vibration of that string 3 is transmitted to the other strings 3 that are released, causing them to resonate, and the playing sound is increase.

A plurality of damper sensors 50 are provided on the front end surface of the lifting rail 46, that is, the surface facing the rear end surface of the key 4.
are arranged in parallel corresponding to the damper levers 42 of each damper mechanism 40. This damper sensor 50 includes a sensor main body 51, a lever 752 bent into a substantially square shape, and an actuator 53, and the bent portion of the leaf 52 normally comes into contact with the lower surface of the damper lever 42, The free end portion constitutes a suppressing portion that presses the actuator 53, thereby forming a break contact. When the damper lever 42 is rotated upward in conjunction with the operation of the key 4, the leaf 52 is released from the lever 42, so that it elastically returns in the direction of the key 4 and temporarily releases the suppressed state of the actuator 53. , the damper sensor 50 is made to close, and the signal sent at this time is recorded as the sound stop information of the damper mechanism 40. In this case, the timing of break and make of the damper sensor 50 is determined by the mounting height of the sensor body 51 and the leaf 52.
This can be easily changed by changing the spring force, etc.

FIG. 4 shows the break of the damper sensor 50.

This is a diagram showing the relationship between the time of make and the movement of Mei 4. What is G? a4
60 is the movement trajectory of the key 4 during normal pressing, 61 is the movement trajectory of the key 4 during staccato, P
l is the break point of the damper sensor 50, P21P3
indicates the make-up time. As is clear from this figure, the break point P1 during keystroke using the staccato method
The time Δt2 from to the make point P2 is the time Δt3 from the break point P1 to the make point P3 during normal keystroke.
Yoshi also becomes shorter. This means that the stop timing is Δt3− between normal keystrokes and staccato keystrokes.
This means that there is a deviation by Δt2. Therefore, if you try to obtain sound stop information simply by moving the key 4, the sound stop timing of the damper mechanism 40 will deviate from the actual sound stop timing, resulting in inaccurate information. If directly detected,
It becomes possible to obtain accurate sound stop information without deviation. Then, Δtz lΔt3 is converted into a digital signal and sent to a data recorder (not shown), where it is recorded as sound stop information.

In addition, P4 is at the time of make using the conventional key switch,
Even if this point P4 were to be moved to P3, it is obvious that it would be impossible to obtain sound stop information of the damper mechanism in a special playing style because it is controlled by the key itself.

Although the description so far has been made regarding the case where the performance information sensor is applied to a grand type automatic performance piano, the present invention is not limited to this, and can also be applied to an upright type automatic performance piano.

Furthermore, the damper sensor 50 can be mounted not only on the lifting rail 46 but also on the damper lever 42. It may be disposed on or in correspondence with the damper head 41, etc., and the structure of the sensor itself may be similar to that of the hammer sensor 20.

Sarani, the configuration of the hammer sensor 20 is not limited to this,
Various modifications are possible.

As explained above, the performance information sensor of the automatic performance piano according to the present invention includes a damper sensor that detects string hitting information and a damper sensor that detects stop sound information, so that the performance information sensor of the automatic performance piano according to the present invention is staccato.

Even in special performance techniques such as rapid repeated hits, performance information can be recorded with greater fidelity than information provided by conventional key sensors alone. In addition, the structure is simple and easy to install, and it can be easily installed on existing pianos, making it extremely effective.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view showing an embodiment of the action mechanism of a player piano equipped with a performance information sensor according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of essential parts of a hammer sensor, and FIG.
Figures (a) and (b) are diagrams showing the relationship between the amount of key struggle and the hammer movement, the break of the hammer sensor, and the make time. Figure 4 shows the relationship between the key movement, the break of the damper sensor, and the make time. FIG. 4...key, 7...action mechanism, 12...fist/hammer, 20...hammer sensor, 40...
...Damper mechanism, 50...Damper sensor. Patent applicant: Nichifuki Seizo Co., Ltd. Agent: Masaki Yamakawa (and one other person)

Claims (1)

[Claims] A sensor is disposed corresponding to the hammer to detect string-striking information by the hammer when the hammer is actuated during the string-striking operation of the hammer, and is actuated by the damper mechanism to detect sound-stopping information when the damper mechanism is actuated. A performance information sensor for a self-playing piano, characterized in that a sensor for detection is arranged corresponding to the damper mechanism.