JPS5973701A - Cubic material measuring device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To measure sizes and the like highly efficiently and highly accurately, by the constitution wherein a mounting table, which can be moved in the directions of two axes that are crossed at a right angle, is provided; a movable slider with measuring probes and a subslider are provided; and a material to be measured and the measuring probes are relatively moved. CONSTITUTION:A mounting table 2, which can be moved in the directions of an X axis and Y axis, is provided on a surface plate 1. A supporting post 44 is uprightly provided. A slider 50 is provided along the supporting post 44 so that the slider can be moved in the direction of a Z axis. A supporting shaft 56 is attached to the slider 50 at a right angle with said supporting post 66. A subslider 66 having a scribter 72 is movably provided along the supporting shaft 56. The moving displacement of the mounting table 2 in the direction of the X axis is read by a micrometer head 23. The moving displacement of the mounting table 2 in the direction of the Y axis is read by a micrometer head 31. The moving displcement of the slider 50 in the direction of the Z axis is read by displays 51 and 52. In comparison with the conventional three dimensional measuring device, wherein the measuring probe must be moved in all the three dimensional directions, this device can be made compact, light, and inexpensive.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional object measuring device.

Until now, three-dimensional measuring machines have been widely known as devices that measure the dimensions of three-dimensional objects with high precision and high efficiency.

A general three-dimensional measuring machine is configured so that the measuring head can be moved in three-dimensional directions with respect to a table, and linear encoders installed in each axis direction detect the amount of movement displacement in each axis direction. By processing the data, the size and shape of the object on the table can be measured. Therefore, with this device, the probe must be movable over the entire range of ψ1j, which not only makes the entire device wrinkled and faces the surface, but also causes problems that require special skills to handle. be.

Due to these problems, for on-site inspections of relatively small and glazed buildings, measurements are often carried out simply using a hide gauge or the like.

However, when using a one-dimensional measurement system such as a hydraulic gauge, ``every time the measurement point of the object to be measured is measured, all
As a result of requiring the entire body to move during regular holidays and changing the posture of the object to be measured, work efficiency is low and the desired measurement accuracy is often not always achieved.

The purpose of the present invention was to solve these drawbacks of conventional measurement methods, and to provide a three-dimensional object measuring machine that is inexpensive, easy to handle, and can be expected to perform highly efficient and highly accurate measurements. There is a particular thing.

Therefore, in the present invention, a support table is provided on the base which is movable in at least two axes orthogonal to each other, a support is provided upright, a slider is provided movably along the support, and a support shaft is attached to the slider. is mounted perpendicularly to the supporting column, a sub-slider is provided movably along this support axis, a measuring element, etc. is detachably provided on this sub-slider, and the amount of displacement of the object table and the slider are The above object is achieved by providing a displacement amount reading device for reading the amount of displacement, and by using a configuration in which the object to be measured and the measurement object are moved relative to each other.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the entire three-dimensional object measuring device of this embodiment.

In the figure, the top surface of a surface plate 1 as a base formed in a substantially square shape is configured to be movable in two axes parallel to the top surface and orthogonal to each other (X-axis direction and Y-axis direction). A loading table 2 is provided, and a hide gauge 3 is provided at the negative corner.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in the document table 2, a movable table 12 formed in a substantially square shape is placed on the upper surface of the table 11 via a bearing unit 11. The bearing unit 11 includes a retainer 1
3, a plurality of balls 14 are rotatably held. In addition, holding grooves 15, 1.6 are formed along the two side surfaces of the movable table 12 that are in contact with v4, and guides [17, Both ends of the movable table 18 are held respectively.One guide shaft 17 allows the movable table 12 to move in the Y-axis direction, and
Movable mechanism 1 that moves 2 in the X-axis direction? are connected. In the movable mechanism 19, a support block 20 is fixed to one side of the surface plate 1 facing the guide shaft 17, and a movable mechanism 19 has a support block 20 fixed to one side of the surface plate 1 opposite to the guide shaft 17. A pair of sliding shafts 2 having retainers 21 that freely engage with each other
A micrometer head 23 whose movable part is connected to the retainer 21 is provided at approximately the middle of the support block 20 so as to move forward and backward in the X-axis direction.

When the micrometer head 23 rotates the simple 24, the spindle 25 connected to the retainer 21 advances and retreats linearly and at a relatively high speed, and at the same time, the spindle 25
The amount of movement of the movable table 12 in the X-axis direction is displayed on the dial 26.

The other guide shaft 18 has an X of the movable table 12.
A movable mechanism 27 that allows movement in the axial direction and moves the movable table 12 in the Y-axis direction is connected. In the movable mechanism 27, a support block 28 is fixed to the rear side of the surface plate 1 facing the guide shaft 18, and a support block 28 is fixed at both ends of the support block 28 between the inner ends thereof. A pair of sliding shafts 30 shouldering the retainers 29 that are slidably engaged
is provided so as to be movable forward and backward in the Y-axis direction, and a micrometer head 31 whose movable portion is connected to the engaging element 29 is provided at approximately the middle of the support block 28 . In the micrometer head 31, when the simple 32 is rotated, the spindle 33 connected to the retainer 29 is moved forward and backward linearly and at a relatively high speed, and at the same time, the spindle 33 is moved back and forth linearly at a relatively high speed.
The amount of movement of the movable table 12 in the Y-axis direction is displayed on the tire wheel 34.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the hide gauge 3 is mounted on a short cylindrical mounting base 41 at one corner of the surface plate 1.
is fixed, and a rotary table 42 is mounted on this mounting table 41.
An angle reader 45 is provided to read the rotation angle of the rotation table 44, which is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the rotation table (biaxial direction) and fixed by a clamp screw 43. The angle reader 45 has an angle scale 45A on the periphery of the mounting base 410 and a base #4 on the periphery of the rotating base 42 at a predetermined position.
5B are respectively engraved, so that when the rotating table 42 is rotated, the rotation angle of the support 44 about 2@ can be read from the base line 45B and the corresponding angle scale 45A. . The support column 44 also includes a pair of rod-like members 48 and 49 having a circular cross section and whose upper ends are connected by a connecting member 47 and which are arranged parallel to each other in the Z-axis direction.
It is made up of. These rod-shaped members 48 and 49 have racks 48A along the longitudinal direction of their opposing inner surfaces.
, 49A are provided, and a slider 50 is provided so as to be movable up and down.

The slider 50 has an analog display 51 and a digital display 52 that display the height of the slider 50 on its front side, and a clamp screw 53 that fixes the slider 50 at an arbitrary height position on the support 44. , an operating nodle 54 for raising and lowering the slider 50 by rotating a pinion (not shown) engaged with the other rack 49AK is provided on the rear side, and a short cylindrical mounting base 55 is provided on one end surface. A support shaft 56 is attached to the support shaft 44 at right angles therebetween and rotatable about its axis. The indicators 51, 52 are constituted by counters driven by the rotation of the illustrated pinion meshed with the one rack 48A. Further, the mounting base 55 includes:
An angle scale 5'7'A is engraved along the circumferential surface, and a clamp screw 58 for regulating the rotation of the support shaft 560 is screwed into the outer circumferential surface at a predetermined position at right angles to the support shaft 56. There is.

As shown in FIG. 6, the support shaft 56 is provided with a rotation stopper groove 61 along the upper longitudinal direction, a rack 62 along the lower longitudinal direction, and a scale 63 along the front longitudinal direction. A sub-slider 66 is provided movably along the support shaft 56 between a rotating ring 64 fixed on the proximal end side and a retaining ring 65 on the distal end side.

At a predetermined position on the outer circumferential surface of the rotary ring 64, there is a base #i! 57B is engraved. With this, when the rotation ring 64 is gripped and the support shaft 56 is rotated around its axis, the rotation angle of the support shaft 56 can be read from the base line 57B and the corresponding angle scale 57A. Further, the sub-slider 66 is provided with an operating handle 68 on its front side for rotating a binion (not shown) meshed with the rack 62 to move the sub-slider 66 along the support shaft 56. At the same time, a round rod 69 is inserted through the upper and lower surfaces so as to be slidable in a direction perpendicular to the support shaft 56 and can be fixed at any position by a lock knob 70. The rod 69 has a scale 71 engraved along its circumferential longitudinal direction to indicate the sliding position of the rod 69 with respect to the sub-slider 66, and a scriber 72 as a measuring point etc. is provided at one end, and a scriber 72 is provided at the other end. Bonchia 3 is provided respectively.

Note that the support shaft 5 is provided inside the sub-slider 66.
An encoder 74 is provided for optically reading a scale 63 engraved on the slider 6 and displaying the amount of movement 11 of the slider 66 relative to the support shaft 56 on a display (not shown).

Next, the measurement method of this example will be explained. The measurement work involves fixing the object to be aligned on the top surface of the movable table 12, and then sequentially bringing the measurement point of the object into contact with the scriber 72.
The micrometer heads 23, 31,
Read from the display 51, 52, etc.

In this case, first, the support shaft 56 is rotated about its axis by the rotation ring 64 so that the rod 69 is parallel to the support column 44, and then fixed to the syslider 50 by the clamp screw 58. Then, the sub-slider 66 is moved along the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 56, and the column 44 is rotated about two axes so that the scriber 72 is located near the measuring point of the object to be measured. The slider 66 is fixed to the support shaft 56 by the lock knob 70, and the column 44 is fixed to the surface plate l by the clamp screw 43. After that, by operating the operating handle 54, the system slider 50 is moved to the support column 4.
4 in the Z-axis direction, the micrometer head 23 is operated to move the movable table 12 in the X-axis direction, and the micrometer head 31 is operated to move the movable table 12 in the Y-axis direction. The measurement point of the object is brought into contact with the scriber 72, and the position in the X, Y, and Z axis directions of the point of contact is determined.

To do this, the amount of movement of the sub-slider 66 and the distance from the center of rotation of the column 44 to the sub-slider 66 are read from a display connected to the encoder 74 inside the sub-slider 66, and the Z-axis of the column 44 is read. The angle of rotation around the center is read using the angle reader 45. Here, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, the distance from the center of rotation of the support column 44 to the sub-slider 66! □, when the rotation angle of the support 44 is θ1, the scriber 7 whose origin is the rotation center of the support 440
The position X' in the X-axis direction of 2 is! 1. Image θ, position y′ in the Y-axis direction can be determined by ViRx・possible θ. Therefore,
The position in the fcXa direction of the contact between the scriber 72 and the measurement point is determined by the movement amount X of the movable table 12 in the X-axis direction displayed on the micrometer head 23 and the above l, and the position in the Y-axis direction is determined by the micrometer head 31. From the movement amount y of the movable table 12 in the Y-axis direction displayed in and the above l,
The position in the Z-axis direction is determined from the elevation it z of the slider 50 displayed on the indicators 51 and 52 and the elevation amount 2' of the rod 69, which is controlled by the scale 71 of the rod 69.

With this, the measurement at the fixed point "L-11" was completed, but for the other measurement points as well, after sequentially positioning the scriber 72 near the measurement point in the same way as above, the slider 50 was moved 2. In the axial direction, the movable table 12 is moved in the X and Y axis directions, and the scriber 72 is
Find the position where the and measurement point abut. The above is the basic measurement procedure.

By the way, when bringing the scriber 72 into contact with the measuring point of the object to be measured, the rod 69 is raised perpendicularly to the sub-slider 66 while the slider 50 is fixed at a predetermined height position of the support 50. If so, relatively simple measurement is possible. Furthermore, by rotating the support shaft 56 about its axis, measurement can be performed even when the rod 69 is tilted relative to the support column 44. In this case, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the rotation angle of the support shaft 56 and the tilted angle layer θ2 of the rod 69 with respect to the column 44 are measured by the angle reader 57 υ, and the distance j from the support @56 to the scriber 72! 2 can be read from the scale 71 of the rod 69, so these angles θ2 and distance p
By converting the positions of the scriber 72 in the X, Y, and two-axis directions based on 2, the contact position between the scriber 72 and the measurement location can be determined in the same manner as described above. Furthermore, the measurement i
By rotating the rod 69 about its axis in accordance with the direction of M P)f, the direction of the scriber 72 can be made to face the measurement location.

In addition, even when performing marking work, it can be performed in the same manner as the measurement work described above. At this time, if the scriber 72 is a normal scriber, the support shaft 5
By rotating the support shaft 56, an arcuate line can be drawn, and by rotating the support shaft 56 by 180 degrees, the punch 73 can be drawn.
It is also possible to make a grained edge hole by hammering the rod 69 downward.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the table 2 movable in the X and Y axis directions is provided on the surface plate 1, and the support 4 is also erected, and the slider 50 is moved along the support 44. A sub-slider 66 is provided so as to be movable in the direction, a support shaft 56 is attached to the slider 50 at right angles to the pillar 44, and a scriber 72 is provided along the support shaft 56.
is provided movably, and furthermore, the amount of displacement of the document table 2 in the X-axis direction is determined by a micrometer head 23, and the amount of displacement of the document table 2 in the Y-axis direction is determined by a micrometer head 31. Since the movement of the slider 50 in the Z-axis direction is read by the display 51, 52, the measuring foot can be moved in all three-dimensional axial directions like a conventional three-dimensional measuring machine. Smaller than those with a movable structure,
It can be constructed lightweight and inexpensively. Moreover, when measuring,
After fixing the object to be measured on the upper surface of the loading table 2, move the loading table 2 in the X and Y axis directions and move the slider 50 in the Z direction.
By moving the scriber 72 in the axial direction, the object to be measured and the scriber 72 can be successively brought into contact with each other.
Unlike the light cage, it does not require moving the entire measuring device or changing the posture of the object to be measured, and as a result, it is easy to handle and efficient, and can be expected to measure soil with the same accuracy as a three-dimensional measuring device.

The loading table 2 includes a movable table 12 movably placed on the upper surface of the surface plate 1, and guide shafts 17 provided on two adjacent sides of the movable table 12 at right angles to each other.
18, and a movable mechanism 19.27 that is slidably engaged with each guide shaft 17.18 and moves the guide shaft 17.18 in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. Compared to a conventional cross table in which two tables are stacked so as to be movable in orthogonal directions, the structure is lighter and simpler. Furthermore, since the bearing unit 11 is interposed between the movable table 12 and the surface plate 1, the movable table 12 can be moved smoothly with a light force.

Further, since the support 44 is rotatably provided around the axis of the surface plate 1, the support 44 can be rotated around the axis and the sub-slider 66 can be moved along the support shaft 56. By doing so, the scriber 72 can be moved to any position within the rotation range of the column 44 and the movement range of the sub-slider 66, so the amount of movement of the loading table 2 in the X and Y axis directions can be increased. A wide effective measurement range can be obtained even without this. This means that when the amount of movement of the workpiece table 2 is detected using, for example, a straight 111ji type displacement detector, a relatively short configuration is sufficient, and a high-performance detector can be obtained.

Moreover, since the rotation angle of the support column 44 can be read by the angle reader 45, the angle of rotation of the scriber 72 is calculated from the angle of the angle reader 450 and the distance from the center of the support column 44 to the sub-slider 66 detected by the encoder 74. And if you convert it to the Y-axis direction, the scriber 7
It is possible to accurately determine the position in the X, Y, and Z axis directions where the object to be measured contacts the object.

Further, since the support shaft 56 is rotatably supported by the slider 50 around its axis, the rod 69 can be tilted at any angle around the axis of the support shaft 56 when used. In other words, you can point the scriber 72 and punch 73 in any direction and use it to measure! i
Even if there are various orientations of pars or raked parts, the scriber 72 and punch 73 can be applied to those parts, and it is also possible to draw arcuate raked lines. At this time, the rotation angle of the support shaft 56 is measured by the angle reader 5.
7, the position of the scriber 72 in the X, Y, and Z axis directions can be converted from the angle of the angle reader 57 and the length from the support shaft 56 to the scriber 72 indicated by the scale 71 of the rod 69. Then, the positions in the X, Y, and Z axis directions where the scriber 72 and the object to be measured come into contact can be accurately determined.

Furthermore, the amount of movement of the loading table 2 in the X and Y axis directions is measured by the slider 50 using the micrometer head 23.31.
Since the movement and the hesitation in the Z-axis direction are configured by mechanical counters, the configuration can be simple and inexpensive.

In addition, in practice, the loading table 2 is not limited to the structure of the above embodiment as long as it is configured to be movable in two axes directions perpendicular to each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, a movable table 82 having two adjacent side surfaces 82A and 82B formed at right angles is placed on the upper surface of the surface plate 1 via a bearing unit 81 so as to be movable in all directions. , on the upper surface of the surface plate 1 facing each 1tlt11 surface 82A, 82B, each side surface 82A, 82
micrometer heads 85A, 8.
Movable mechanisms 86A and 86B that are advanced by the operation of 5B
Furthermore, a movable table 83 is provided on its side surfaces 82A, 8
2B is the engaging portion 84A of the movable machine m 86A, 86B.
, 84B may have a structure in which a tension spring 87 is provided as a biasing means for biasing in the direction in which they abut, respectively.

In addition to being constituted by the two rod-shaped members 48 and 49 as in the above embodiment, the support column 44 may be constituted by, for example, a long flat plate member or one or more rod-shaped members. Further, although the support shaft 56 is rotatable relative to the slider 50, it may be fixedly attached to the slider 50. However, in this case, the sub-slider 66 needs to be configured to be rotatable with respect to the support shaft 56. In addition, in the above embodiment, the rod 69 is attached to the sub-slider 66.
Although the scriber 72 is movably attached to the sub-slider 66, the scriber 25 may be fixedly attached to the sub-slider 66. Even in such a case, since the sub-slider 66 is movably attached to the support shaft 56, there is no problem in measurement.

Further, in the above embodiment, the amount of displacement of the workpiece table 2 in the X- and Y-axis directions is detected by the micrometer head 23.31, and the amount of displacement of the slider 50 in the Z-axis direction is detected by a mechanical counter. However, after these or all of the measurement means are detected by a photoelectric displacement detection device, the data from these displacement detection devices is input to a processing unit, and this processing unit processes the take given by the displacement detection device. may be configured to calculate and display the result on a display device. In this way,
Since the location data of the survey shop is automatically displayed, there is an advantage that no additional calculations are required. In this case, if a touch signal probe is used as the measuring element instead of the scriber 72, highly accurate and efficient measurement can be performed.

In summary, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a three-dimensional object measuring machine that is inexpensive, easy to handle, and can be expected to perform measurement and construction with high efficiency and high accuracy.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway plan view of the loading table, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line T in FIG. 2, and FIG. The figure is a front view showing the hide cage, Fig. 5 is a rear view showing the hide cage, Fig. 6 is a perspective view showing the main parts of the hide cage, Figs.
The figure is an explanatory diagram at the time of measurement, and FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a modified example of the loading table. 1... Surface plate as a base, 2... Loading table, 1
2.83...Movable table, 17.18 River guide shaft, 1
9.31, 86A, 86B...Movable cypress, 23.31
...Micrometer head, 44...Strut, 45.
57... Angle reader, 48A... Rack, 50...
・Slider, 51.52...Display device, 56...Support shaft, 66...Sub-slider, 72...Scriber as measuring head, 74...Encoder, 87...As biasing means tension spring. Agent Patent Attorney Mitsuzo Kinoshita (1!'6') Figure 1 7 Figure 2 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A base, a material table provided on the base and configured to be movable in at least two axes perpendicular to each other; a support column erected in a direction perpendicular to the support column; a slider movably provided along the support column; a support shaft attached to the slider at right angles to the support column; a sub-slider that is movable along the sub-slider, a measuring element etc. that is detachably attached to the sub-slider, and a displacement reading device for reading at least the amount of displacement of the object table and the amount of displacement of the slider. A three-dimensional object measuring device characterized by comprising: (2. In claim 1, the object table includes a movable table placed on the upper surface of the base so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the upper surface thereof, and - two adjacent movable tables of the movable table. It is composed of guide shafts provided on the side surfaces at right angles to each other, and a movable mechanism that is slidably engaged with each guide shaft type and is provided on the base so as to be movable forward and backward in a direction perpendicular to the guide shafts. (3) In claim 1, the object table is placed on the top surface of the base so as to be movable in a direction parallel to the top surface. A movable table having two adjacent side surfaces formed at right angles to each other; and an engaging portion provided on the base so as to be movable back and forth in a direction perpendicular to each side surface of the movable table, and an engaging portion abutting each side surface at the tip. A three-dimensional object comprising a movable mechanism and a biasing means for biasing the movable table in a direction in which each orthogonal side surface of the movable table abuts the engaging portion of the movable comb structure. Object measuring device. (4) In any one of claims 1 to 3, the support is provided on the base so as to be rotatable about the axis of the support. Three-dimensional object measuring device. (5) The three-dimensional object measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that an angle reader for reading the rotation angle 1 of the support is provided between the base and the support. Object measuring device. (6) In any one of claims 1 to 5, the sub-slider is configured to measure t'rt+ of the support shaft.
A three-dimensional object measuring device characterized by being rotatable around M. (Force) In claim 6, the support shaft is
A three-dimensional object measuring device, characterized in that the slider is rotatably provided around the legs of a support shaft. (8) The three-dimensional object measuring device according to claim 7, further comprising an angle reader provided between the slider and the support shaft to read the rotation angle of the support shaft. (9) In any one of claims 1 to 8, the displacement amount reading device includes a micrometer head that detects a relative displacement percentage between the base and the workpiece table, and a micrometer head that detects a relative displacement percentage between the base and the object table; A three-dimensional object measuring device comprising a counter that is operated by a carved rack and detects the amount of relative displacement between the column and the slider. α0) In any one of claims 1 to 8, the displacement amount reading device detects at least the relative displacement amount between the base and the object table and the relative displacement amount between the support column and the slider. A three-dimensional object measuring device comprising a displacement detecting device and a display device processing the output from the displacement detecting device and displaying it. (1) In claim 10, the displacement detection device includes a first displacement detector that detects the relative displacement between the base and the work table, and a first displacement detector that detects the relative displacement between the support and the slider. and a third displacement detector that detects the relative displacement between the support shaft and the sub-slider.
11j fixed machine.