JPS5952626B2 - Rotor DC excitation type pulse motor - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a rotor DC-excited pulse motor.

This type of pulse motor includes, for example, a rotor permanent magnet pulse motor, and this permanent magnet type (hereinafter abbreviated as PM type) is characterized by high efficiency.

In addition to using permanent magnets, there are other ways to excite the rotor using excitation windings, but the permanent magnet type is advantageous in terms of efficiency, and is often used in small pulse motors.

There are two types of permanent magnet pulse motors: those whose stators are basically made up of a single iron plate and those whose stators are made up of laminated iron plates.The former is the so-called inductor type and is inexpensive. The latter is more expensive than the former, and the latter is superior in efficiency.

The pulse motor discussed here relates to the latter.

This latter type of PM pulse motor is not advantageous in terms of rotor magnet usage efficiency unless it has a large step angle (most conventional mass-produced motors have one step angle of 90 degrees and 45 degrees). It was.

However, depending on the application, a smaller step angle is required (for example, if the speed reduction ratio is not very large due to the mechanism, even if a gear is used to reduce the step angle to achieve a smaller step angle), a step angle of less than 45 degrees is required. It has been desired to realize a pulse motor that has a high rotor magnet utilization efficiency, and less rotor hunting.

A conventional pulse motor with a step angle of 30 degrees will be explained below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a conventional example of a four-phase, 30-degree, one-step pulse motor.

As shown here, the stator 3 has main salient poles (hereinafter abbreviated as salient poles) la, 2a, lb, 2b at every 90 degrees, and the excitation winding has the first phase 5-9 as salient poles 1a, lb. 1a and lb are set to be excited by different magnetic poles respectively, the second phase 6-9 is set to the salient poles 2a and 2b in the same way as the first phase, and the third phase 7-9 is set to be excited by different magnetic poles.
is the salient pole 1a.

1b is set so that a magnetic pole completely opposite to the first phase is excited, and the fourth phase 8-9 is set to the salient poles 2a and 2b in the same way as the third phase.

The rotor 4 is magnetized into six poles, NS...at every 60 degrees.

When the pulse motor shown in Fig. 1 is used in a one-phase excitation system, the difference between the spatial arrangement angle of 90 degrees between salient poles 1a, lb and 2a2b and the magnetization angle of 60 degrees of the rotor magnetic poles is 30 degrees. Perform a rotation as a step.

The magnetic pole utilization factor of the rotor at this time is 2/6.

On the other hand, consider a case where this pulse motor is used with two-phase excitation.

The setting of the phase excitation winding this winter is that when the first phase 5-9 is excited, the salient pole 1a is the north pole, the salient pole 1b is the south pole, and when the second phase 6-9 is excited, the salient pole 2a is the north pole. Salient pole 2b is S pole, third phase 7-
When the fourth phase 8-9 is excited, the salient pole 1a is the S pole, and the salient pole 1b is the N pole, and when the fourth phase 8-9 is excited, the salient pole 2a is the S pole, and the salient pole 2b is the N pole. Suppose that

When the first phase 5-9 and second phase 6-9 of this pulse motor are excited, the salient poles 1a, lb, 2a, and 2b are excited to N, S, N, and S poles, respectively.

At this time, as shown in Fig. 2, the rotor has an N pole between salient poles 1a and 2a, an S pole between salient poles 1a and 2a, an S pole between salient poles 1b and 2b, and a salient pole between salient poles 1a and 2a. It stands still so that the N poles are opposite to 1b and 2b, respectively.

When the second phase 6-9 and third phase 7-9 are excited at the next step angle, the salient poles 1a, lb, 2a, and 2b are excited to S, N, N, and S poles, respectively, and the rotor 4 is reversed. Turn the salient pole 2a clockwise by 30 degrees as shown in Figure 3.
and 1b, and an S pole between salient poles 2a and 1b, respectively.
The poles stand still so that the south pole faces the salient poles 2b and 1a, and the north pole faces the salient poles 1a and 2b, respectively.

By sequentially switching the excitation phases in this manner, the rotor rotates with 30 degrees as one step, as in the case of one-phase excitation.

At this time, the utilization factor of the rotor magnetic poles is 4/6, and two of the rotor magnetic poles are always not opposed to the stator salient poles but are stationary between the salient poles.

This prevents improvements in efficiency. In addition, when the first phase 5-9 and the second phase 6-9 are excited as a stable point of the rotor, in addition to what is shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. S pole of rotor magnetic pole, salient poles 1a and 2
an N pole between salient poles 1b and 2b, and an N pole between salient poles 1b and 2b.
It is conceivable that the S poles stand still at positions facing the salient poles 1b and 2b, respectively.

The fact that there are two stable rotor states for this one excitation state, and the fact that 1/3 of the rotor magnetic poles are stationary in the middle of the stator salient poles and are stationary in magnetically unstable positions, This motor has a large rotor bunching.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and the configuration of the 30 degree one-step pulse motor will be described below as an embodiment of the present invention.

To explain based on FIG. 5, the stator 3 has the main salient poles 1a, 2a, lb, arranged at 90 degree intervals.
In addition to 2b, the main salient poles 1a and 2a are intermediate, ie, la.

Sub-salient poles 10a are spatially installed at 45 degrees apart from 2a, main salient poles 2a, lb and 1b, 2b,
and auxiliary salient pole 10 similarly installed between 2b and la.
b, IOC, 10d, and the stator excitation winding has main salient poles 1a and 1b for the first phase, similar to the pulse motor shown in Fig. 1.
, the second phase is connected to the main salient poles 1b and 2b, and the third phase is connected to the main salient pole 1a.
and 1b, and the fourth phase is set to the main salient poles 2a and 2b so that they are in the same excitation state as the pulse motor shown in FIG. 1, respectively.

The rotor 4 is magnetized with six poles in the same manner as shown in FIG.

When the pulse motor with the above configuration is used with two-phase excitation, the main salient poles 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b are each N , S, N, Excited to S pole.

At this time, the sub salient pole 10a is the main salient pole 1a. The sub salient pole 10C is excited to the S pole by the magnetic flux from the main salient pole 1b.
, 2b is excited to the north pole.

Further, the sub salient poles 10b and 10d are neutral because the main salient poles 2a and lb, and la and 2b located on both sides thereof are excited to the N pole and the S pole, respectively.

Therefore, the resting position of the rotor at this time is the main salient poles 1a and 2a.
, lb, 2b, respectively, the rotor magnetic poles S, S,
The rotor magnetic poles N and S come to rest at positions opposite to the N, N and sub salient poles 10a and 10C, respectively.

Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the first phase of the stator winding.

When the excitation of the second phase is switched to the excitation of the second phase and the third phase, the main salient poles 1a, lb, 2a, and 2b of the stator salient poles are S, respectively.
Excited to N, N, and S poles.

Also, the sub salient pole is 10a as in the first and second phase excitation.
, lQc is medium,] cow, 10b, 10d are each ゛S,
Excited to N pole.

Therefore, the stable position of the rotor is the main salient poles 1a, 2a, l, which are rotated 30 degrees counterclockwise from the stable positions of the first and second phases.
The rotor magnetic poles N, S, S, N, N, and S poles are located opposite to b, 2b and sub salient poles 10b, 10d, respectively.

At this time, the utilization rate of the rotor magnetic poles is 6/6, compared to the conventional 30
This is improved compared to a step-by-step pulse motor.

Further, since the opposing stator magnetic pole is always at the rest position of the rotor magnetic pole, bunching of the rotor is also reduced.

As described above, the rotor-excited pulse motor of the present invention has a main salient pole with an excitation winding, and a sub-salient pole without an excitation winding provided between the main salient pole and the main salient pole. It consists of
The main salient poles and the sub salient poles have a stator arranged at equal intervals, and on the other hand, they face the stator and are magnetized at equal intervals on the circumferential surface, and the number of magnetic poles is the main pole of the stator. It has a rotor composed of permanent magnets whose number is set to be different from the total number of salient poles and sub-salient poles, and all magnetic poles of this rotor are excited so that the excitation winding is energized in all phases. The rotor magnet is configured to face the main salient pole or the sub salient pole of the stator, and compared to the conventional method, the rotor magnet is used more efficiently, improving energy efficiency, and reducing rotor bunching. A pulse motor with less energy can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a configuration diagram of a conventional rotor DC excitation type pulse motor, Figures 2, 3, and 4 are diagrams for explaining the operation of the pulse motor shown in Figure 1, and Figure 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the pulse motor shown in Figure 1. 6 and 7 are configuration diagrams of an embodiment of the rotor DC excitation type pulse motor of the invention.
This figure is a diagram for explaining the operation of the pulse motor shown in FIG. 5. la, lb, 2a, 2b...Main salient pole, 3...Curved stator, 4...Rotor, 10a,
10b, IOC. 10d... Sub salient pole.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1 Consisting of a main salient pole provided with an excitation winding, and a sub salient pole provided between the main salient pole and the main salient pole and not provided with an excitation winding, the main salient pole and the sub salient pole has a stator arranged at equal intervals, and on the other hand, facing the stator, magnets are magnetized at equal intervals on the circumferential surface, and this number of magnetic poles is the main salient pole and sub salient pole of the stator. The rotor has a rotor whose constituent elements are permanent magnets set such that the number is different from the sum of A rotor DC-excited pulse motor configured to face the main salient pole or sub salient pole of the child.