JPS59146971A - Composite body manufacture and device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention provides for
The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite material by press-fitting a hardening material such as a hydraulic inorganic material, a synthetic resin material, a molten metal material, a molten glass material, or a dry solidification material, and an apparatus for producing the same.

Conventionally known concrete mortar is often made by simply kneading cement, water, and aggregate and hardening it, which has little adhesion effect between cement and aggregate (or, if the aggregate is porous, the pores are hardened). There was a drawback that air damaged the adhesion and the strength of the aggregate itself could not be utilized effectively.Phenomena such as σ) above are not only limited to concrete and mortar.
The same applies to synthetic resins and other cured products mixed with extenders.

This invention was made in view of the above, and aims to provide a method for manufacturing a composite material in which a hardening material is press-fitted into the pores of a porous material and hardened, and an apparatus for manufacturing the same. is as follows.

(1) A method for producing a composite, which is characterized in that a hardening raw material containing a porous material is placed under reduced pressure and then hardened after being restored to pressure.

(2) A gate that can be opened and closed is provided between the upper container and the lower container, and the gate is closed to put the curing raw material containing a porous substance in the upper container and seal it. Step 1: Further reduce the pressure in the upper container, then open the gate to allow the cured raw material containing the porous material to fall into the lower container, and the porous material placed under reduced pressure in the lower container to contain the porous material. A method for producing a composite material, which comprises curing a hardening raw material after repressurizing it.

(3) Put the curing raw material containing the porous material into a container, seal it, reduce the pressure inside the container, and stir it with a stirring tool provided in the container, either during stirring or at the same time as stirring is stopped, or 1. A method for producing a covering body, which is characterized in that after stopping stirring, the pressure inside the container is restored, and the hardening raw material containing the porous material is taken out and hardened.

(4) A gate that can be opened and closed between the upper container and the lower container is provided, the gate is closed, and the curing raw material containing a porous substance is put into the upper container, and the upper container type or further the lower container is used. is depressurized and stirred with a stirring tool provided in the upper container, and the pressure is restored to cause the curing raw material containing the porous material in the upper container to fall into the F section container, which is then taken out and cured. A method for producing a composite with %.

(5) A gate that can be opened and closed is provided in the upper container and the lower container, and the gate is closed and the porous material and the hardening raw material are placed in the upper container, and the upper container is sealed or not sealed. The porous material and the hardening raw material are stirred using a stirring tool installed in the upper container to create a hardening material containing the porous material, and the pressure inside the upper container is reduced, stirring is continued, and the pressure is restored to the above. The hardening material containing the porous substance is dropped from the gate into the lower container, and the material is removed and cured, or the inside of the F container or the upper container is reduced in pressure, and the gate is opened. A hardening raw material containing a substance is blown into the lower container, and a porous material placed under reduced pressure in the lower container restores pressure and takes out the hardening raw material, which is then cured. A method for producing a complex.

(6) Put a porous substance and a hardening raw material into a deformable container, seal the container, apply pressure to the outside of the container to deform the container, knead the porous material and hardenable raw material, and knead the porous material and hardenable raw material in the container. 1. A method for producing a composite, which comprises reducing the pressure inside the container, cross-circuiting the container, then restoring the pressure inside the container, taking out the curing raw material containing the porous material and curing it.

(Force) Put the hardening raw material containing a porous substance or the porous material and hardening raw material into a container, move the container back and forth to knead it, and reduce the pressure inside the container. 1. A method for producing a composite, which comprises restoring the pressure in a container at the same time as the motion stops or after stopping the reciprocating motion, and taking out and curing the hardening raw material containing the porous material.

(8) The hardening raw material containing porous material placed under reduced pressure is sequentially discharged and depressurized by operating three sets of valves arranged in series, and after being depressurized, the hardening material is hardened. A method for producing a complex characterized by:

(9) A curing raw material containing a porous substance placed under reduced pressure is sequentially discharged and depressurized through a container equipped with valves on both sides and connected to a vacuum suction device, and is cured after being depressurized. , a method for producing a complex with characteristics.

[101 A cured raw material containing a porous substance placed under reduced pressure is sequentially discharged and depressurized through a downward tube equipped with a level detector or a coulometer and a gate at the lower end, and cured after being depressurized. A method for producing a composite, characterized by:

IIB A cured raw material containing a porous material placed under reduced pressure is sequentially restored and discharged by operating a combination of valves arranged in series, and cured after being restored to pressure. A method for producing a composite, characterized by:

[121 A method for producing a composite material, which comprises introducing a hardening raw material containing a porous material into a container under reduced pressure, or introducing it into a container, reducing the pressure, discharging it, restoring the pressure, and then curing it.

(131) A method for producing a composite, which is characterized in that a cured raw material containing a porous material is placed under reduced pressure, subjected to post-pressure, foamed or foamed, and then cured.

04I A gate that can be opened and closed is provided between the upper container and the lower container.
A device for manufacturing a composite body, characterized in that the device is connected to a vacuum suction device.

09. An apparatus for manufacturing a composite body, comprising: a deformable container; a pressing tool for applying pressure to deform the container; and a vacuum suction device for vacuuming the inside of the container.

υυ Composite production equipment characterized in that the supply device is provided with an intermittent or continuous discharge device.

Uη A device for manufacturing a composite body, characterized in that a vacuum suction device or a compressor is connected to a container provided with an inlet and an outlet. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail using blast furnace slag as a porous material and cement and water as hardening raw materials, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example of manufacturing equipment Wt/example of a composite body.
is a main frame, and a mixer frame 3 is rotatably provided on the main frame 1 by means of a cylinder 2. The mixing drum 4 also has a protruding mixer shaft 5
is supported by a bearing (not shown) of the mixer frame 3,
A gear 6 fixed to the mixing drum 4 and a pinion 8 attached to a rotating shaft (not shown) of a prime mover 70 attached to the mixer frame 3 mesh with each other, so that the mixing drum 4 is rotated by the prime mover 70 rotations. has been done.

On the other hand, a base arm 9 is fixed to one side of the mixer frame 3. An end arm 11 is rotatably attached to the tip of the base arm 9 by a cylinder 10, and a swivel 12 is attached to the tip of the end arm 11. is the swivel bracket 13
It is installed through. As shown in FIG. 3, the swivel 12 is inserted into the swivel case 14 via a bearing 15 fitted inside the swivel case 14, and then the hollow shaft 12 is inserted into the swivel case 14.
6 is rotatably mounted, the hollow shaft 16 is closed with a plug 17 on the 70- side, and the other side passes through a lid 18 that is integrally formed with the hollow shaft 16 to connect the mixing drum 4.
It communicates within. A hole is provided in the middle of the hollow shaft 16 and communicates with a suction port 19 provided in the swivel case 14, and a seal 2 is provided between the swivel case 14 and the hollow shaft 160.
0 is set.

Further, the lid 18 is detachably attached to the opening of the mixing drum 4 via the backing 21 by the cylinder 1o, and the bearing cover 22 and retaining ring 23 are attached to the bearing 1.
5 and prevents the swivel case 14 and hollow shaft 16 from falling off.

Next, we will use the above-mentioned composite manufacturing equipment A.
The method for producing J-t (a combination) will be explained. First, operate the cylinder 1o from the illustrated state, open the lid 18, put the required amount of blast furnace slag (porous material), cement, and water (hardening raw materials) into the mixing drum 4 through its opening, and then open the cylinder 10 again. Activate the mixing drum 4 with the lid 18.
The opening is closed, the prime mover I is operated, and the mixing drum 4 is rotated for kneading. Next, while kneading, a vacuum suction device (not shown) is activated to vacuum the inside of the mixing drum 4 through the suction port 19 communicating with it, and the air in the pores of the blast furnace slag is degassed into light. The pressure is restored, then the operation of the prime mover T is stopped to stop the rotation of the mixing drum 40, the cylinder 10 is operated and the lid 18 is opened, and the cylinder 2
By the operation of , the mixing drum 4 is tilted so that the opening faces downward, and the ready-mixed concrete (hardened raw material containing porous material) inside the mixing drum is brought out to the outside, and it is poured into a formwork to be shaped and hardened. To obtain high-strength concrete (g-combination) in which concrete components are press-fitted into the pores of blast furnace slag.

The above example shows an example of a composite manufacturing apparatus iLA using a rotating drum mixer (4-N) and an example of a composite manufacturing method using this. Needless to say, concrete may be prepared in advance, placed in the mixing drum 4 of the manufacturing apparatus A, vacuum-suctioned while the mixing drum 4 is rotated and kneaded, pressure restored, and then taken out and hardened. In addition, pressure recovery may be carried out while the mixing drum is rotating (or may be carried out at the same time as the mixing drum stops, or after the rotation is stopped.) It is essential to perform deaeration.

The above example uses blast furnace slag as the porous material and cement and water as the hardening raw materials. In many cases, it is not only a / agent but also multiple agents, so blast furnace slag is simply a porous material, cement and water are hardening materials, materials that make up the hardening raw materials, such as cement and water, are hardening materials that contain porous materials. The raw material will be referred to as a composite raw material, and its cured material will be referred to as a composite, and will be described below with reference to other examples.

Figures q to 11 show eight examples of a composite manufacturing apparatus composed of an upper container 25 and a lower container 26 via a gate 24 that can be opened and closed, and 21 is a vacuum chamber provided in communication with the upper container 25. A pipe 28 is a pressure reducing pipe provided in communication with the lower container 26, and both pressure reducing pipes 27 and 28 are connected to a vacuum suction device (not shown). 29 is a diffusion plate provided below the gate 24 of the lower container 26, 30 is a stirring tool provided in the upper container 25, 31 is a stirring tool provided in the lower container 26, and 3z is a stirring tool 30.31 33 is a composite raw material, 34 is an upper container 25
An inlet hole 35 provided in the lower container 26 is an outlet of the lower container 26.

A method for manufacturing a composite using the composite manufacturing apparatus B shown in FIGS.

First, as shown in the figure, the gate 24 and the discharge port 35 are closed, the vacuum suction device is activated to vacuum the inside of the lower container 26 through the pressure reducing tube 28 to reduce the pressure, and the lid of the upper container 25 is opened. Composite raw material 3:1 is placed in the upper container 25, filled with the upper container 25, and the lid is closed to seal it. Next, as shown in FIG. S, when the gate 24 is opened, the composite raw material 33 falls into the lower container 26 due to the pressure difference and its own weight. When the pressure inside the lower container 26 is restored after continuing vacuum suction for a while, the hardening raw material contained in the composite raw material 33 is forced into the pores of the degassed porous material present in the hardening raw material. Here, the discharge port 35 is opened and the composite raw material 33 is taken out, poured into a mold, and hardened to obtain a composite. This manufacturing method is different from the above embodiment in which the composite raw materials are kneaded under reduced pressure and the porous material is evenly degassed.
The purpose is to degas the porous material in an inefficient manner while dropping the composite raw material 33 in 5 into the reduced pressure lower container 26, and the volume of the lower container 26 is larger than the volume of the upper container 25, The higher the height of the lower container 26, the higher the effect. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. The pressure difference between the container 25 and the lower container 26 becomes a dog, and the composite raw material 33 falls forcefully into the lower container 26, and when it falls, the composite raw material 33 tends to be dispersed and the porous material is degassed unevenly (although it is easy to do so, Therefore, it is desirable that the lower container 26 be made smaller than the upper container, or that the degree of vacuum in the lower container 26 be higher than that of the upper container.

The composite manufacturing apparatus B shown in FIGS.
As in the composite manufacturing apparatus B1 shown in the figure, the lid of the upper container 25 may be fixed, and an introduction hole 34 for introducing the composite raw material and a pressure reducing pipe 27 may be provided therein. When using this apparatus B1, the composite raw material 33 is put into the upper container 25 through the introduction hole 34, shut off and sealed, and the insides of the upper container 25 and the lower container 26 are both externally vacuumed to reduce the pressure. After that, the gate 24 is opened and the composite raw material 33 is dropped into the lower container 26. At this time, the degree of vacuum in the lower container 26 is lowered to the upper container 2.
If the degree of vacuum is higher than that of 5, the composite material 33 will fall due to the pressure difference and its own weight, and if the degree of vacuum is the same, the composite material 33 will fall.
3 falls due to its own weight. The process of recovering the pressure for a while, taking out the composite raw material 33, and curing it to form a composite is the same as that described in Figs.

Figure 5 is a composite manufacturing apparatus B explained in Figures 1 to 4.
A composite manufacturing apparatus B2 is shown in which a handleless umbrella-shaped diffuser plate 29 is provided in the lower container 26 of the gate 24, and the composite is manufactured in the same manner as described above.
When the composite raw material in the upper container 25 is opened and dropped, the composite raw material is dispersed by the diffusion plate 29 and flows into the lower container 26.
It is easy to degas the porous material. If the diffusion plate 29 is rotated by an appropriate means when the composite raw material is falling, the composite raw material can be dispersed and dropped very effectively. Furthermore, the diffusion plate 29
It goes without saying that a fractional device such as a lattice may be used instead.

Figure 9 shows the composite manufacturing apparatus B explained in Figures J to 6.
A composite manufacturing apparatus B3 is shown in which a stirring tool 31 is provided in the lower container 26 of 2. Because the stirring tool 31 is provided, the bottom of the lower container 626 is formed horizontally. The method for manufacturing the composite is similar to the composite manufacturing apparatus shown in FIGS. Add composite raw materials and seal.
Next, the gate 24 is opened to allow the composite raw material in the upper container 25 to fall into the lower container 26. In order to further evenly degas the porous material, the composite raw material that has fallen into the lower container 26 is stirred with a stirring tool 31. The mixture is stirred, then the pressure is restored, and the discharge port 35 is opened to take out the composite raw material and harden it.

Note that pressure restoration can be performed during stirring, at the same time as stirring is stopped, or after stirring is stopped.
the composite raw material or material (e.g., cement, water, blast furnace slag, etc.) is poured into the lower vessel 26, the gate 24 is opened to allow the composite raw material or material to fall into the lower vessel 26, and the gate 24 is closed to seal the lower vessel 26. , operate the motor 32'Y to rotate the stirring tool 31 to stir and knead the composite raw material or material, and reduce the pressure in the lower container 26 via the pressure reducing pipe 2ε,
Next, after the pressure is restored, the discharge port 35 may be opened to take out the composite raw material and harden it. That is, the upper container is used as a meter or a hopper.

Figure 10 shows a complex manufacturing device B in which a gate 24 that can be opened and closed is provided between an upper container 25 containing a stirrer 30 and a reduced pressure V 27, and a lower container 26 provided with a reduced pressure pipe 281.
4, and when making a composite using this device, the composite raw material is introduced into the upper container 25 through an introduction hole (not shown), the upper container 25 is sealed, and the composite material is introduced into the lower container 25 via the pressure reducing pipe 27. While reducing the pressure, the composite raw material is stirred by the stirring tool 30 by operating the motor 32, and after the pressure is restored, the gate 24 is opened and the composite raw material falls into the lower container, and the discharge port 35 is opened and the composite raw material is taken out. Let it harden. The upper container 25 and the lower container 26 are depressurized and cooled to ℃, and after stirring the composite raw material in the upper container 25 (c), the gate 24 is opened and dropped into the lower container 26, where the pressure is restored and the composite raw material is taken out and hardened. Alternatively, the pressure in the upper A valley vessel 25 is reduced, the composite raw material is stirred therein, and after the pressure is restored, the gate 24 is opened and the composite raw material is dropped into the lower container 26 under reduced pressure. Container 25
The composite raw material may be taken out and hardened by restoring the pressure. In addition, the upper volume a25 is filled with a material instead of the composite raw material, and the stirring tool 3
The composite raw material may be prepared by stirring and kneading the composite raw material at 0 and then performing the above steps to take out the composite raw material and harden it.

When kneading the ingredients, the upper container may be kept closed or uncovered. That is, the stirring tool 3 is placed in the upper container 25.
If 0 is provided, materials such as cement, water, and blast furnace slag can be put into the upper container 25 and stirred and kneaded to produce a composite raw material.After the upper container 25 is sealed and depressurized and the composite raw material is stirred. If the stirring device 30 can be used only for preparing the composite raw material with after-pressurization, the composite raw material can be dropped into the lower container 26 after being depressurized. It can also be taken out and cured.

At this time, the introduction hole may be closed or left open.

FIG. 11 shows a lower container 2 equipped with a pressure reducing pipe 27 and a stirring tool 30.
5, and a composite manufacturing apparatus B in which a gate 24 that can be opened and closed is provided between a lower container 26 provided with a pressure reducing pipe 28 and a stirring tool 31, and a composite manufacturing apparatus B shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. In addition to manufacturing methods using equipment, there are many manufacturing methods that combine these methods.

The above composite A-mounted ft Bt + B2 r Bs
r B4 + BsK has been explained, but both utilize the backing [B] of the composite. That is, in the composite manufacturing apparatus BK, a pressure reducing pipe may be provided in either L or U of the upper container 25 and the lower container 26, and a stirring tool may be provided. It goes without saying that the lower container may be provided with a diffusion plate or a dispersion device. The above-described composite manufacturing methods can be used as they are or in combination.

Figures 1.2 and 73 show the construction area. A deformable container 36 made of rubber or the like that has a decompression pipe 38 connected to a vacuum suction device, and a suppressor 39 that performs linear reciprocating motion. An example of an apparatus for manufacturing a φ composite is shown below. When manufacturing a composite using this apparatus, first put the material into the container 36 and seal it with a lid.
When the material 41 has become a composite raw material, that is, after the material 41 has been well kneaded, the pressure inside the container 36 is reduced through the pressure reducing pipe 38, and the porous material is evenly removed. After the pressure inside the container 36 is restored and the reciprocating motion of the forward pressure tool 39 is stopped, the lid is opened to take out the composite raw material inside and harden it to form a composite. In addition, Figures 1.2 and 13
As shown in the figure, crosstalk can be effectively achieved by alternately performing suppression using the horizontal suppression device and suppression using the vertical suppression device. Moreover, instead of the linear reciprocating movement of the pressing tool 39, as shown in FIG.
2 may be moved circularly around the base 43, and the material 41 may be kneaded through the container 36 by the circular movement of the suppressor 420, or the composite raw material may be stirred under reduced pressure.

No. 111. The figure and FIG. 15 show a container 37 1j1 having a pressure reducing pipe 38 connected to a vacuum suction device (not shown).
11 Composite manufacturing device C with bags 40 provided on the wall and bottom
4, by alternately expanding and constricting the bag 40 on the wall 1111 and the bag 40 on the bottom, the material 41 placed in the container 37 and sealed is kneaded, and at the place where the material 41 is kneaded, the inside of the container 37 is The pressure is reduced, the pressure is restored at the point where the porous material is completely deaerated, the expansion and constriction operation of the bag 40 is stopped, and the composite raw material in the container 31 is taken out and hardened.

The expansion and constriction of the inner bag 40 is carried out by using a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder, etc., to introduce and extract water and air. Further, a deformable container 36 as shown in FIG. 72 is placed in the container 37, a bag 40 is interposed between the containers 36 and 37, and the expansion and constriction of the bag 40 causes the container to collapse.
It goes without saying that the material 41 may be kneaded through the sieve 6 or the composite raw material may be stirred under reduced pressure.

Next, an apparatus for manufacturing a composite rod and a method for manufacturing a composite rod using reciprocating motion of a container will be explained.

Figure 77 shows a complex manufacturing device consisting of frames 44 on both sides and a container 46 that is reciprocatably installed between them. A tube 47 is provided, and a reciprocating shaft 48 fixed to both sides is inserted into a diagonal hole 45 of the pedestal 44, and the container 46 is configured to reciprocate by sliding thereon.

First, a lid (not shown) is opened and materials are put into the container 46, and a motor (not shown) is operated to reciprocate the container 46 to knead the materials to produce a composite raw material. Next, a vacuum suction device is operated to reduce the pressure inside the container 46 via the pressure reducing pipe 47, and the pressure is restored at the point where the porous material is inevitably degassed. The container is opened and the composite material is discharged, which is then cured to create a composite material. The linear reciprocating motion of the container 46 may be horizontal reciprocating motion or vertical reciprocating motion. Further, in the apparatus for manufacturing a composite body shown in FIG. It may be a circular reciprocating motion as shown in the figure.

The composite manufacturing apparatus D1 shown in FIG. A swing shaft 52, which is protruded from the connecting part and rotatably supported by the pedestal 50, is a decompression pipe connected to a vacuum suction device (not shown) and provided in the container 49. The container 49.49 is then shaken to create a composite raw material, and then transferred to the container 49.49 via a vacuum tube 52.52.
The pressure in the chamber 49 is reduced, and the pressure is restored at the point where the porous material is completely degassed, and the discharge port is opened to take out the composite material and harden it. When two containers 49.49 are in communication, the reduced pressure '15
Only one piece of 2 is enough. Also, as shown in Figure 2.2,
If a baffle plate 53 is provided inside the container 49, the swing of the container 49 can be increased. 54 is a lid provided on the introduction hole;
55 is a lid provided on the discharge port, 41 is a material, and 52 is a pressure reducing pipe.

Composite manufacturing apparatus t shown in FIGS. 19 and 20
L) 2 is constructed such that a container 57 is reciprocated in a circular manner between frames 56 and 56 on both sides, and a rotating shaft 59 is rotatably supported by the frames 56 and fixed to the rotating shaft 59. A protruding horizontal rod 58 of a container 57 is rotatably supported on a rotary plate 60, and when an IK motor (not shown) is operated to rotate a rotary shaft 59, the rotary plate 60 rotates, and the container 57 is rotated.
It is configured to perform circular reciprocating motion. That is, put the material into the container 57, seal it, and move the container 57 back and forth in a circular manner! !
! After kneading and kneading the composite material, a vacuum suction device (not shown) is activated to pump the container 5 through the pressure reducing pipe 61.
The pressure inside the chamber 7 is reduced, and the pressure is restored after the porous material is evenly degassed, and the circular reciprocating movement of the container 51 is stopped to take out the composite raw material and harden it to form a composite.

Figure 2 shows a case in which a container 63 is installed between frames 62 and 62 on both sides so that its mounting shafts 64 and 64 can be moved reciprocally, and this can be applied to the composite manufacturing apparatus shown in Figure 17. I can do it.

Above, the manufacturing apparatus and the manufacturing method for glue combination for each lot have been explained in detail, and below, the continuous manufacturing equipment and continuous manufacturing method for the composite will be explained.

FIG. 23 shows an example of a composite manufacturing apparatus in which a continuous mixer 65 and a discharge device 66 are assembled, 67 is a prime mover that drives the continuous mixer 65, and 68 is a vacuum suction device that reduces the pressure inside the continuous mixer 65. , 69 is a vacuum tank for minimizing fluctuations in atmospheric pressure; 70 is a gauge; 71 is a hopper for storing porous materials; 72 is a hopper 73 of a rotary feeder 74 provided in a continuous mixer 65; 75 is a speed control device that controls the speed of the belt feeder 72; 76 is a belt scale provided on the belt feeder γ2;
Hardening raw material storage tank with 7tj-ffl stirrer 78, 79
The hardening raw material in the storage tank 1γ is transferred to the rotary feeder 74.
Conveying pipe 8 to be conveyed into the four-sequence mixer 65 through the base of
0 is a variable displacement pump installed, 81 is a conveying pipe 800
A flow meter 82 is provided between the variable displacement pump 79 and the continuous mixer 65, and 82 is a flow meter 81 and a belt scale 76.
VC, X ratio control device, 83 is three sets of valves installed in series with the discharge device 66, 84 is a hopper for storing the composite raw material discharged from the discharge device 66.

In the above device, the porous material in the hopper 11 is conveyed by the belt feeder 72 to the feed port of the rotary feeder 74, which is the feed port of the rotary feeder 74. At this time, the speed of the belt feeder 72 is adjusted by the speed controller 75. Any amount can be supplied. Furthermore, if the ratio of the hardening raw material to the porous material is set in advance in the ratio control device 8z, the amount of the porous material detected by the belt scale 76 provided on the belt feeder 72 will be
The variable displacement pump 79 is controlled so that the amount of hardening raw material detected by the flow meter 81 corresponds to a preset allocation.

That is, the ratio of hardening raw material (cement paste in the embodiment) and porous material (blast furnace slag in the embodiment) is set in the ratio control device 82, and the speed of the belt feeder 72 is controlled by the speed control device 15. The hardened raw material produced by a mixer (not shown) is put into the storage tank TI, and the stirrer 78
While stirring, a variable displacement pump 79, a belt feeder 72, a rotary feeder 74, and a continuous mixer 65 are used.
When the vacuum suction device 68 is activated, a predetermined amount of the hardened raw material and porous material are continuously supplied into the continuous mixer 65, kneaded in the continuous mixer 65 under reduced pressure to become a composite raw material, and then discharged from the upper discharge port. It falls into the discharge device 66 due to its self-righteousness against negative pressure, and is discharged to the hopper 84 by the operation of three sets of valves 83 to be depressurized. The valve 83 is composed of a bag 83a and a cylinder 83b, and each bag 83a communicates with each other. First, if only the piston rod of the upper cylinder is retracted as shown in the figure, the double metal (#+) produced by the continuous mixer 65 will fill the upper bag. When the piston rod of the intermediate cylinder is moved backward and the piston rod of the upper cylinder is moved forward, the composite material in the upper bag moves into the intermediate bag. Next, when the lower cylinder's bismuth rod is retracted and the intermediate cylinder's piston rod is advanced, the composite material in the intermediate bag moves into the lower bag, and when the upper cylinder's piston rod is retracted, the composite material is transferred into the upper bag. Next, when the piston rod of the lower cylinder is moved forward, the composite material in the lower bag falls into the hopper 84, and the piston rod of the intermediate cylinder is moved back and the piston rod of the upper cylinder is moved forward.
When M a is applied, the composite material in the upper bag moves to the middle bag f
Ru. By repeating this operation, the composite raw material can be intermittently discharged without damaging the reduced pressure inside the continuous mixer 65.

Note that the order of operation of the valves is not limited to the above order. Figures 2 to 30 show the pressure receiving plate 66a and seven flexible tubes 83'a.
83C is the piston rod of the cylinder.

That is, three sets of valves are formed by the pressure receiving plate, the flexible tube, and the three cylinders. One flexible tube is used instead of the three bags in the ejector shown in Fig. 23, and the ejection principle is the same, so the operating order of the cylinders in this ejector is the same as the ejector shown in Fig. 23. Device utilized n, 23rd
It goes without saying that the working order of the cylinder shown in the figure can be used for this ejection device. That is, from the state shown in Fig. 26 to Fig. 27
Retracting the intermediate piston rod as shown in the figure, advancing the upper piston rod as shown in Figure 2g-, retracting the lower piston rod and advancing the intermediate piston rod as shown in Figure 2q, The lower piston rod is moved forward as shown in FIG. 30, and the upper piston rod is moved back as shown in FIG. Emit intermittently.

The discharge device described above uses three sets of valves, but even a discharge device using two sets of valves, as shown in Figures 3/3 to 34L, can maintain the reduced pressure inside the continuous mixer 65. Be able to discharge composite materials without damage. The details of the structure will be omitted since this is merely the same as the evacuation device shown in Figs. 26 to 30 with the intermediate cylinder removed. That is, as shown in FIG. 32, the upper piston rod 83C is moved back from the state shown in FIG.
The upper piston rod 83C is advanced as shown in Figure 3, and the lower piston rod 83C is moved forward as shown in Figure 3.
3C is moved backward, and then the lower piston rod 83C is moved forward as shown in FIG. If this is not done smoothly, you can apply vibration to the pressure plate or the flexible tube.

FIG. 2q shows another discharge device, in which an upper container 85 and a lower container 86 communicating with the upper container 85 and the lower container 86 are provided at the discharge port of the continuous mixer 65, and the lower container 86 is connected to the vacuum suction device 68 via a vacuum valve 88. Connected, V-Evasive 8F above and below,
87 is set up. That is, if the upper valve 87 is closed and the continuous mixer 65 is operated, the composite raw material will accumulate in the upper container 85. At the same time, if you close the upper pulp 87 and open the vacuum valve 88, the inside of the lower container 86 will be at the same pressure as the inside of the continuous mixer 65, so when the upper container 85 is full of composite materials, open the upper valve 87 and the vacuum valve 88 will open. The composite raw material in container 85 moves into lower container 86 . Upper valve 87 slightly
When the vacuum valve is closed and the lower valve 87 is opened, the composite raw material is discharged from the lower container 686, and the composite raw material is accumulated in the upper container 85. This operation is repeated to discharge a large amount of composite raw materials.

FIG. 25 shows another discharge device/example, continuous mixer 6
A downward tube 89 provided in communication with the discharge port 5 is provided with a level detector or a measuring device (not shown), and a gate 90 that can be opened and closed is provided at the end. The force pushing up the composite material in the downward tube 89 is F, and the atmospheric pressure is P. , the atmospheric pressure inside the continuous mixer 65 is P7, and the cross-sectional area of the downward tube is A, then the formula F゛2(po-1'l)A is established, and the height of the composite material in the downward direction g89 is
If the weight is W and the relative breath is d, the formula W=A nd holds true. Here, if W) is F, the pressure inside the continuous mixer 65 is maintained at low pressure, so the gate 90 is opened to intermittently feed a small amount of the composite raw material so that the composite raw material always maintains a constant weight within the above range d. If discharged one by one, the composite raw material can be discharged without damaging the vacuum state within the continuous mixer 65. In the figure, the vacuum tank 69, gauge 70, and vacuum suction device 68 are omitted.

The continuous production device for composites has been explained above, but the discharge device: the composite raw material discharged into the hopper 84? Take it out, let it harden, and you'll get a composite.

The above-mentioned continuous production method of composite materials refers to the production method using composite raw material discharge fold soil.

In the composite manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus described in FIG.
1 and a belt scale 76 are installed on the belt feeder 1.
Two or more dishes may be provided to feed a plurality of materials containing porous material to the hopper 13 of the rotary feeder 74.

For example, the continuous mixer 65 may be supplied with water via a discharge pipe 80 and may be supplied with porous material, cement or even sand from a plurality of belt feeders. Further, a rotary feeder may be used instead of the discharge device 66, and a discharge device 660 may be used instead of the rotary feeder 74.
(b) may also be used as appropriate. It goes without saying that the composite raw material may be supplied to the continuous mixer 65 to uniformly deaerate the porous storage, and then discharged from the discharge device to restore the pressure. Also suitable for the valves 83, 87 are diaphragms or pinch valves.

FIG. 35 shows an example of a continuous manufacturing apparatus for composites, in which 91 is a container, 92 is a supply pipe, 93 is a diffusion plate, 95 is a discharge pipe, and 95 is a vacuum pump connected to a vacuum suction device (not shown). ,9
6 is a pressurizing pipe connected to a compressor (not shown), 97 is a stirring tool provided in the container 91, and 98 is a motor for rotating the stirring tool 97.

The supply pipe 92, the discharge pipe 94, and the pressurizing pipe 96 are closed, and the vacuum suction device fff: is activated to reduce the pressure in the container 91 via the pressure reducing pipe 95, and the supply pipe 92? : When a fixed amount of composite raw material is opened and fed into the container 91, the composite raw material is supplied '1ff9
The container 9 is dispersed by a diffusion plate 93 provided on the upper part of the container 9.
Fall within 1.

Next, the pressure inside the container 91 is restored, and the supply pipe 92 and the pressure reducing pipe 95f!
:1.41 Open the discharge 94 and pressurization 96 and operate the compressor to pressurize the inside of the container 91.Answer? 5
The composite raw material in 91 is discharged from discharge pipe 94. After stopping the operation of the compressor, the pressurizing pipe 96 and the discharge pipe 94 are removed.
When the container 91 is closed and the pressure reducing pipe 95 is opened to operate the air-forming suction device, the pressure inside the container 91 is reduced. When the above operation is repeated, the composite raw material is intermittently discharged, and the composite material is hardened to form a composite. Incidentally, the diffusion plate 93 may be rotated or may be replaced with another dispersing device. It goes without saying that the composite raw material under reduced pressure may be stirred by the stirring tool 97. Further, a supply pipe 92Kk rotary noider, the above-mentioned discharge device, etc. may be provided to supply the composite raw material at a constant rate.

FIG. 3L shows seven examples of a continuous manufacturing apparatus for a composite body, in which 99 is a cylinder, 100 is a piston of cylinder 99, 101 is a cylinder wall, and the bottom of the cylinder wall 101 has a container integrally formed thereunder. A hole 102 communicating with the hole 103 is provided, and the hole 102 is covered with a filter.

Further, the container 103 is provided with a supply pipe 104, a discharge pipe 105, a pressure reducing pipe 106, and a pressurizing pipe 107. That is, the 35th
A cylinder 99 is added to the continuous back passage device of the composite shown in the figure, and the manufacturing method of the composite is explained in Fig. 3S and is carried out in the same manner as in 1. Since the pressure inside the container 103 can be reduced and increased using the pressure reduction and pressurization pipes 107, the pressure reduction '1106 and the pressurization pipe 107 are not necessarily necessary. Further, a diffusion plate, a dispersing device, and a stirring device may be provided in the container 103, as in the apparatus shown in FIG. 3S.

In Figures 35 and 36, there are seven supply pipes, and the material is supplied into the temporary mixing container. is supplied into each vessel, the pressure inside the container is reduced and the mixture is stirred under reduced pressure to create a composite raw material, and the composite raw material is discharged from the discharge pipe at the same time as pressure is restored or after the pressure is restored by applying side pressure inside the container, and this operation The composite raw material can be discharged repeatedly intermittently and continuously. It is preferable that the shape of the container is small in diameter at the bottom, similar to the hopper; if such a shape is used, compressed air is not necessarily required for discharging the composite raw material.

FIG. 37 shows a fluid pump E that can be used as a discharge device and can also be used in place of the rotary feeder 74, with 108 having a cross-sectional shape extending in the fan direction at both ends of a semicircle. A casing having an approximately semicircular cross-sectional shape, an oT flexible tube located on the inner surface of each 1o9 shell and arranged in a U-shape, and 11o an arm that rotates concentrically with the semicircular portion of the casing 1o8. , arm 110
A lower arm of the same shape is provided below, a drive shaft 113 is inserted into the center bearing of the arm 11o and a center bearing of the lower arm, and driven shafts 114 and 114' are respectively attached to the ends of the arm 11o. It is inserted into the bearing and the end bearing of the lower arm. Further, drive shaft sprockets 115 are fixed to the upper and lower parts of the drive shaft 113, respectively, and a chino 116 is wound between the upper drive shaft sprocket 115 and the driven shaft sprocket 111 fixed to the upper part of the driven shaft 114. , lower drive shaft sprocket 115 and driven shaft 11
A VCTS chain 116' is wound between the driven shaft sprocket 4' and the driven shaft sprocket 111', which is fixed to the lower part of the driven shaft sprocket 4'. When the KwJ shaft 113 is rotated in the direction of the arrow, the driven shaft 1
14 and 114' also rotate in the direction of the arrow, and the large diameter portions of the driven shafts 114 and 114', that is, the rotating rollers 112 and 11
2' rotates on its own axis while pressing the flexible tube 109, and transports the fluid (fluid material, hardened raw material, composite raw material, etc.) in the flexible tube 109 by pushing it out in a certain direction, The arm 110 also rotates about the drive shaft 113 in the direction of the arrow. It goes without saying that an arm similar to the arm 110 may be provided in direct contact with the arm 11o, and a rotating roller may be rotated and moved on its own axis to transport the material within the flexible tube 109 in a moving manner.

That is, one side of the readable tube is connected to a continuous mixer or storage tank, and a prime mover (not shown) is created! 111] to rotate the drive shaft 113, the fluid produced by the continuous mixer or stored in the storage tank can be continuously discharged from the other side of the flexible tube, and the fluid can be discharged continuously from the other side of the flexible tube. It is possible to restore pressure at the same time. Therefore, the continuous mixer 65 shown in FIG. 23 can be installed in place of the discharge device 66, and if the continuous mixer 65Vc is supplied with a fluid such as a composite raw material, a rotary feeder 74 can be used. It can also be used instead.

For fluid pumps, an arm fixed to the drive shaft is rotated, and rotating rollers rotatably attached to both ends of the arm press the flexible tube to control the flow inside the flexible tube. Pumps for fluids that transport bodies are also known, and the pumps for fluids including the above-mentioned fluid pump E will be referred to as F, and the manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment for the composite will be explained below. do.

In Figures 3g to t2, 117 is a composite raw material 130 made with a continuous mixer 118 etc. shown in the direct value diagram.
119 is a storage tank, 117 is a supply pipe for supplying the composite raw material from 117 to container 120 or continuous mixer 121, 122 is container 120 or continuous mixer 12
1, a vacuum suction device provided through a pressure reducing pipe 123;
24 is a gas-liquid separator provided in the pressure reduction pipe 123, 125 is a discharge pipe for discharging the composite raw material from the container 120 or the continuous mixer 121, and F is a fluid pump provided in the supply pipe 119 and the discharge pipe 125. The flexible tubes on both sides are attached to the supply pipe 119 and the discharge pipe 125. Further, 126 is a rotary diffusion plate provided in the container 120 shown in FIG.
, and the prime mover that drives the continuous mixers 118 and 121, respectively, 129 is the material fed into the continuous mixer 118 in Fig. 5 Koji via the supply pipe 131, and 132 is the composite raw material made by being kneaded in the continuous mixer 118. 130
This is a discharge pipe that discharges water to a storage tank 117.

That is, thirdly, in the composite manufacturing apparatuses shown in FIGS. 2 to 2, a composite raw material 130 made by mixing a plurality of materials with a continuous mixer 118 or the like is temporarily stored in a storage tank 117, and the composite material 130 is vacuum-processed. C. is continuously supplied via the fluid pump F of the supply pipe 119 into the container 120 or the continuous mixer 121 whose pressure has been reduced by the suction device 122, while it is discharged and depressurized via the fluid pump F of the discharge pipe 125. The composite material is discharged to a hopper (not shown), and the composite material is taken out and hardened to obtain a composite material. Composite raw materials 130
In order to evenly depressurize the container 1 in the device shown in Fig. 3g,
20 is designed to increase the height of the composite material to reduce the pressure evenly over the falling time, and the apparatus shown in FIG. The effect of reduced pressure due to the dispersion of composite raw materials is taken into account. In addition, in the apparatus shown in Fig. 0, the composite raw material is stirred with a stirring tool under reduced pressure, and in the apparatuses shown in Figs. Decompression is taken into account. Storage tank 11 with the manufacturing equipment described above.
The mixer that supplies the composite raw material to the storage tank 11 is not limited to the continuous mixer 118 shown in the figure.
If the structure is such that the composite raw material is always stored in 7,
It may also be a mixer that produces composite raw materials for each lot.

Figures 43 and ≠ show the second side of the manufacturing apparatus for further foaming the composite raw material 130 formed by 5iC as described above to obtain a foamed composite raw material, and 125 indicates the second side of the manufacturing apparatus for producing a foamed composite raw material. F is a fluid pump installed in the discharge pipe 125, 133 is a forming machine, and 134 is a forming @
A foam supply pipe 136 supplies the foam produced in the mixer 135 into the mixer 135; Stirring tool for making foam composite raw materials,
138 is a prime mover that drives the stirring tool 136; 139 is a discharge pipe that discharges the foamed composite raw material produced in the mixer 135; 140 is a storage tank that temporarily stores the foamed composite raw material 141 discharged from the discharge pipe 139; 142 is a discharge pipe for discharging the foamed composite material 141 in the storage tank 140, F is a discharge pipe 1
42 is a fluid pump installed, 143 is a flow meter installed in the foam supply pipe 134 between the continuous mixer 144 and the maker 133, and 145 is a discharge pipe 1 in the continuous mixer 144.
147 is a discharge pipe for discharging the foamed composite raw material 145 produced by the continuous mixer 144.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 93, the composite raw material discharged from the discharge pipe 125 with the discharge pipe 139 closed and the foam produced by the forming machine 133 are kneaded in the mixer 135 to produce a foamed composite raw material, and the discharge pipe 139 is closed. 139 is opened and discharged to the storage [140], and the discharge pipe 42 is also continuously discharged by the operation of the fluid pump F. However, in this device, a foamed composite material is produced for each rod, so the composite material is discharged to the mixer 135. The raw material may be supplied from the apparatus explained in FIGS. 1 to 3B, instead of being supplied from the apparatus shown in FIGS. 3G to 'A2.

7. In the device shown in FIG. , this is also continuously discharged through the discharge pipe 147. , and the discharge amount of the fluid pump F and the flow meter 143
It goes without saying that a foamed composite material having an arbitrary blending ratio can be produced by controlling the ff and t of the foam detected by a control device (not shown). In the figure, 146 is a prime mover that drives the continuous mixer 144.

The manufacturing method of composite raw materials and foamed composite raw materials has been explained above, and the desired composite raw materials or even foamed composite raw materials are produced by automatically controlling the material composition, degree of vacuum, pump discharge amount, etc., and then cured. It goes without saying that it is okay to do so.

Although a number of embodiments have been described above, any of the embodiments described above may be configured as described below if appropriate.

(1) Stir the material or composite raw material under reduced pressure (ゝ.

(2) The pressure of the composite raw material under reduced pressure may be restored while stirring.

(31 Porous materials Ij' include pearlite, foamed shirasu grains, blast furnace slag, pumice, artificial lightweight aggregate (mesalite, saylite, etc.), porous slag, carbon, silicon carbide, glass, alkali-resistant glass, metal, silicon nitride , synthetic resin, etc. can be used, and the composite raw material (K) can be 7 lengths or more of the above-mentioned porous material.

(4) The porous material can be in the form of fibers, pieces, grains, lumps, etc., and/or two or more of the above porous materials can be used to make a composite raw material.

(5) Hardening raw materials include hydraulic inorganic systems (cement, lime, slag, gypsum, silica, etc.), synthetic resins (thermal OI
Organic or inorganic hardening materials such as molten metal, molten glass, glaze, etc. can be used.

(6) Drying, heating, steam curing/autoknove curing, cooling, etc. can be used to harden the composite raw material.

Next, a method for manufacturing a composite (concrete in the example) using blast furnace slag as a porous material and cement and water as hardening raw materials will be described.

Example 1 In the mixing drum 4 shown in FIGS.
i! Add 765 parts by weight of water, 7 parts by weight of sand, and 1000 parts by weight of blast furnace slag, close the lid 18 to seal the mixing drum 4, and rotate the mixing drum 4 to mix the above materials. While kneading, there is no scattering of cement due to crosstalk in the light beams.1. At the point C, the pressure inside the mixing drum 4 is reduced to 00 mm H, @, and kneading for q/1 is continued under this reduced pressure.Then, the inside of the mixing drum 4 is returned to atmospheric pressure VC, and the mixing drum 4 is The rotation is stopped, the lid 18 is opened, and the mixing drum 4 is tilted to take out the composite raw material, which is poured into a mold and molded, cured with steam to harden, and then released from the mold to form a composite (concrete). I got it.

The slump of the composite material (uncured concrete) in the above example was 7.5 cIrL, and the compressive strength after 7 days was ≠07
-1- 'c9/cl, the compressive strength after 3 days is S hong k
g/cnl, and was found to be lighter and stronger than that cured without reducing pressure.

In addition to the above-mentioned examples, tests were conducted with various changes in material blending ratio and particle size, but with the blending aimed at high strength, a maximum compressive strength of 9.0 to 4 ml could be obtained, and in general, 600.
~900kl? A compressive strength of /c [11] can be obtained relatively easily, the bending strength and tensile strength are increased accordingly, and high-strength or high-strength conocrete with uniform work quality with little variation can be obtained. Ta. In the case of high-strength concrete, there are pores or cavities remaining in the center of the blast furnace slag where cement material is not injected, and in the case of high-strength concrete, the grain size of the blast furnace slag is small, so cement material fills all the pores. This is thought to be because it was press-fitted. Furthermore, as a result of examining the strain on the compression side and the tension side in the bending test, the proportional limit stress ratio was found to be a constant value of approximately a7, which is a high stress ratio. Therefore, it was also considered that initial cracks were less likely to occur than in conventional conocret. This is thought to be due to the fact that it becomes needle-shaped and pierces the blast furnace slag, becomes integrated with the concrete, and that the blast furnace slag itself is reinforced by the press-in cement material, increasing its strength.

Embodiment U is shown in FIG. 43 and FIG.
Foam is created using a foaming agent consisting of a stabilizer and a surfactant, and water.The composite raw material (uncured concrete) made in Example/ is mixed with the above foam at a volume ratio of 3/2. The mixed and leaked foam-containing composite materials were poured into a mold and hardened to obtain a lightweight, high-strength composite (high-strength, high-strength cellular concrete).

In the above example, a slurry (composite raw material) in which cement material was injected into the blast furnace slag with a water-cement ratio of about 55% was made by the method of Example 1 using blast furnace floating powder such as crushed blast furnace slag, cement, and water. Aerated concrete (composite) may be created by mixing foam with the concrete and curing it. When producing a foamed composite raw material by heating the inner foam, if the mixed water of the foaming agent and water used for creation is used as filtrate during the production of the composite raw material, the specific gravity of the composite can be further adjusted. It's easy. Furthermore, if a water reducing agent such as cellulose is used, a composite material with a low water-to-cement ratio can be produced, resulting in a composite with high strength.

Although an example of a method for producing a cement-based composite has been described above, the above-mentioned production method can take the following embodiments.

(1) The composite raw material under reduced pressure can be kneaded again after the pressure is restored.

(2) Repressurizing the composite raw material under reduced pressure with a large water ratio d
The water ratio can be reduced by adding materials such as cement and kneading again.

(3) Water slag or slow cooling slag can be used for the porous material.

(4) Adding pyrolithic rocks such as andesite and basalt or crushed materials to produce a composite material. After restoring the pressure of the composite material under reduced pressure, it can be taken out and hardened to form a fire-resistant composite material. can.

(5) Manganese or manganese ore fine powder, or one of slate, bentonite, and zeolite
A composite raw material is prepared by adding an appropriate amount of a seed or a combination of two or more species, and after the composite raw material under reduced pressure is restored to pressure, it is taken out and hardened to obtain a salt-resistant and acid-resistant composite.

(6) Add an appropriate amount of a solution of 7 mg dissolved in an acid (especially edible acids such as citric acid or malic acid) to water, use this water to create a composite raw material, and regenerate the composite raw material under reduced pressure. After pressing, it can be taken out and cured to form a salt-resistant and acid-resistant composite.

(A composite raw material is prepared by adding an appropriate amount of an aqueous solution of camanganate or/and permanganate, and after the composite raw material is decompressed under reduced pressure, it is taken out and hardened to obtain a salt-resistant and acid-resistant composite.

(8) After repressurizing the composite material under reduced pressure, a small amount of a non-hydrophilic substance such as a water repellent (silicone resin, stearate, etc.) is added and kneaded, and this is cured to make it water resistant. Can be combined.

(9) After restoring the pressure of the composite material under reduced pressure, add a small amount of non-hydrophilic substance to it, knead it, mix with quicklime, and seal or seal it in a mold. It is possible to harden the quicklime quickly, and when assimilated, to make quicklime harden and carve the quicklime into a complex. (As shown in figure +5, when the composite raw material 149 is placed in the mold 148 and the lid 150 is closed to seal it, the aqueous phase reaction of quicklime is delayed due to the presence of the non-hydrophilic substance, and the aqueous phase reaction gradually occurs. dO cement Niha blast furnace cement, rapid hardening cement , heat-curing cement, etc. can be used.

dll After repressurizing the composite raw material under reduced pressure, it can be taken out, molded and cured by applying vibration.

σ2 After repressurizing the composite raw material under reduced pressure, take it out and
Can be molded into eyeballs and cured.

(131 The methods for the items mentioned above are the 7th l or
The above methods can be used in combination.

A method for producing a wax composite by reducing the pressure of a composite material using a mold r, then restoring the pressure to force the hardened material into a porous material, and then pressing it under pressure to form and harden it, and an apparatus for producing the same. I will explain next.

The drawings from 2nd to 3rd fig.
A hollow upper mold 152 provided with 1 inch and a movable stopper 1 that can move up and down.
A manufacturing method/example of a composite using an F-type 154 having a circumference of 53 and raised and lowered by a cylinder not shown in the figure is shown. , the upper mold 152 as shown in FIG.
Position it above the lower mold 154. Furthermore, the bottom plate g of the upper mold 152
It is made of porous metal or has many holes and a breathable cloth is attached to the lower surface of the S through a wire mesh. Next, the lower mold 154 is raised to surround the composite raw material 155 with the upper mold 152, the lower mold 154 and the OT moving frame 153,
A vacuum suction device (not shown) provided in communication with the vacuum suction hole 151 is operated to reduce the pressure of the composite raw material 155, whether or not the composite raw material 155 is molded. Next, the pressure is restored and the hardened raw material is forced into the porous material in the composite raw material.
Activate the vacuum suction device again to reduce the pressure and remove the lower mold 1.
54 is raised, the composite raw material 155 is pressurized or molded and pressurized, and the cylinder is depressurized as shown in FIG. ! 1
When the mold 54 is dropped, the molded composite raw material 155 is adsorbed to the lower surface of the upper mold 152 and remains. Next, when the upper mold 152 is moved sideways and placed on a receiving stand (not shown) and the pressure is restored, the molded composite material 155 falls and transfers onto the receiving stand. During the above operations, the lower mold 154 is loaded with the VC composite material 155, and the upper mold 152 is moved onto the lower mold 154 as shown in Fig. It can be manufactured manually and then cured to obtain a composite. In the above embodiment, it goes without saying that the upper die 152 can be moved up and down and the lower die 154 can be moved up and down, and it is also possible to harden the composite material by heating or other means after pressure forming and take it out. Nor.

9 to 57 show an upper mold 157 that has a movable stopper 156 that can move up and down and that is raised and lowered by a cylinder (not shown), and an upper mold 157 that is made of a porous material or has a large number of Hollow-shaped lower mold 159″4!0 with a hole provided thereon, a breathable cloth attached through a wire mesh, and a vacuum suction hole 158 provided therein:
An example of the manufacturing method of the composite material utilized is shown below. As shown in the first figure, first the composite raw material 160 is supplied onto the lower mold 159, and the movable stopper 156 is protruded below the -F surface of the upper mold 157. Then, as shown in FIG. 50, the upper mold 157 is lowered to surround the composite raw material 160 with the upper mold 157, the movable rod 156, and the lower mold 159, and the composite raw material is molded or molded. Without further ado, a vacuum suction device (not shown) is operated to reduce the pressure of the composite raw material 160 through the vacuum suction hole 158, and then the pressure is restored to pressurize the hardening raw material into the porous material in the composite raw material 160, and while reducing the pressure again. The upper mold 157 is further lowered to pressurize the composite raw material 160, or to form and pressurize it, and after releasing the pressure from the cylinder, the movable frame 156 is raised, and the movable frame 156 is raised. When the upper mold 157 is raised as shown in FIG. i/, the molded composite material remains on the lower mold 159. Next, the lower die 159 is moved sideways and placed on a receiving stand (not shown), and when the lower die 159 is reversed and the pressure is restored at °C, the molded composite material 160 falls and transfers onto the receiving stand. The receiving stand is movable up and down, and is lowered when the lower mold is inverted, and raised when receiving the mold. Next, the composite material 160 is supplied onto the lower mold 159 (after re-inversion) the upper mold 1
57 and reinstated to the state shown in Figure +q. The above operations are repeated to continuously produce a molded composite raw material, which is then taken out and cured to obtain a composite. However, it is not permitted to harden the composite raw material by means such as heating or cooling after molding and then take it out. Needless to say.

The above embodiments have been described, but in both cases, when pressurizing or press-molding the composite material under reduced pressure after pressurizing the porous material (hardened material), the movable rod is lowered or raised without reducing the pressure. Vacuum suction may be resumed after lateral peeling.

Next, specific examples of products manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention will be described.

(1) Hydraulic inorganic composites such as cement, gypsum, and water slag that use blast furnace slag as a porous material or further contain foam.

(Applications: insulation tiles, blocks, walls, floors, columns, beams, piles, balls, sleepers, concrete barges, marine structures, etc.) (2) A complex using blast furnace slag as a porous material.

(After restoring the pressure of the composite material under reduced pressure, foaming agents such as aluminum powder are mixed and cured in an autoclave to harden.) (3) Porous materials include synthetic resin, carbon, and silicon carbide. A hydraulic inorganic composite using porous fibers or porous particles (which may be pieces or lumps), silicon nitride-based, or metal-based.

(4) A synthetic resin composite using carbon-based, silicon carbide-based, silicon nitride-based, or metal-based porous fibers or porous particles as the porous material.

(5) A metal-based composite such as an aluminum-based material using blast furnace slag or porous ceramic as a porous material. (Applications - cylinders, etc.) (6) Metal-based composites, such as aluminum-based, using carbon-based, silicon carbide-based, silicon nitride-based, or high-melting point metal-based porous fibers or porous particles as the porous material.

In this invention, when an object or method used in an embodiment is suitable or can be used in another embodiment, it may be used in the other embodiment without changing the gist thereof. can be used.

Since this invention is constructed as described in detail, the hardening raw material is press-fitted into the porous material to improve the strength of the porous material, and the porous material and the hardened material are integrated, and the composite not only has a high compressive strength. Both the tensile strength and bending strength are increased, and since only the atmospheric pressure difference is used, the manufacturing method and manufacturing equipment are simple, and the amount of hardening raw materials used can be reduced. In addition, by using porous materials in the form of particles, pieces, blocks, etc., we can create composite materials in addition to non-porous metal-based, carbon-based, silicon carbide-based, silicon nitride-based, or synthetic resin-based fibers. If the composite material under reduced pressure is cured by restoring the pressure, not only will the hardening material be press-fitted into the porous material, but the adhesion between the fibers and the hardening material will also be changed, resulting in a composite with even greater bending strength and tensile strength. You can get a body. In addition, styrofoam, perlite, etc. are added to the composite material after pressure recovery, and the mixture is kneaded and hardened. It has a variety of methods and uses, such as being able to make large amounts of composites, and its uses are extremely wide: synthetic resin-based products are used for clubs, fishing rods, etc., and metal-based products are used for cylinders, etc.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The attached drawings show embodiments of the present invention, and the first
The figure is a side view of the composite manufacturing apparatus/example, the second figure is a view seen from above, the third is a cross-sectional view of the opening/closing part, and the diagrams 1 to 1 are examples of the composite manufacturing apparatus g. FIG. 12 and FIG. 73 are schematic diagrams showing an example of a method for manufacturing a composite, and FIGS. 1Q and 15 are also schematic diagrams showing an example of a method for manufacturing a composite.
Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the other side of the composite manufacturing method, Figures 17 and 1g are schematic N side views of the second side of the composite manufacturing apparatus, and Figure 1q
The figure is a schematic side view of an example of a composite manufacturing apparatus, FIG. 20 is a schematic front view of the same, FIG. 21 is a schematic front view of an example of a composite manufacturing apparatus, and FIG. A diagram showing a part, No.
Figure 23 is a schematic diagram showing seven examples of composite manufacturing equipment, No. 2'1
25 and 25 are diagrams showing an example of the ejecting device, and FIGS. 31 to 3 are diagrams showing the operating sequence of the ejecting device/example,
Figure 3 also shows the operating sequence of one example of the discharge device, Figures 35 and 3b are schematic diagrams showing the second side of the composite manufacturing equipment, and Figure 37 is for explaining the fluid pump/example. figure, 3rd
Figures 1 to 3 are diagrams for explaining an example of the manufacturing method S for a composite, Figures 3 and 3 are diagrams for explaining an example of a manufacturing method for a foamed composite, Figure ≠S shows the manufacturing method of the composite/
Figures for explaining examples, Figures 1A9 to ≠g are cross-sectional views showing the operating sequence of one example of the method for manufacturing a composite, and Figures 1A9 to 5.
FIG. 1 is also a sectional view showing the operating sequence of 17 examples of the composite manufacturing method. Patent applicant Mitsuo Research Institute Co., Ltd. Representative Director Mitsuru
Hiroharu Oo Figure 1 Δ Figure 2 2. A 4'' Fig. 3/ Fig. 21 Fig. n Fig. 23 Fig. 37 Fig. 38 (Roll) Fig. 9 Gloss 0 Fig. 41 Fig. 4
9 Fig. 46 Fig. 49 Fig. 47 Fig. 48 Fig. 50 Fig. 51 Fig. 60 Persimmon, kasumasao (tk) Showa vote bird 61:12'70 Bamboo mucus kageei/wori 1/1 6292 kire 2, Ryo B day σjiro kine 7 martyrdom, % of tA- & 25℃ drinking y Shimon 1 sen 3Z Ichishobeiura 3 Mokuputra, r-sY -'zt Zetsuwa 臂tN 下轚人ri7 Sekisho 0)
Sumori Ak Byōen 1 Kai Sousu η, □□□t16 Kozueue Yurikian

Claims (9)

[Claims] (1) A method for producing a composite, which is characterized in that a hardening raw material containing a porous material is placed under reduced pressure and then hardened after being restored to pressure. (2) A gate that can be opened and closed is provided between the upper container and the lower container, and the gate is closed to put the curing raw material containing a porous substance into the upper container and seal it. Further, the pressure inside the upper container is reduced, and then the gate is opened to allow the curing raw material containing the porous material to fall into the lower container, and the curing material containing the porous material is cured under reduced pressure in the lower container. A method for producing a composite material, which comprises curing raw materials after repressurizing them. (3) When the hardening raw material containing the porous material falls from the upper container to the lower container, the hardening raw material containing the porous material is dispersed through a diffusion plate or a dispersion device provided in the lower container. A method for producing a composite according to claim 1, which comprises dropping the composite. (4) Stir the hardened raw material containing porous material that has fallen into the lower container and is placed under reduced pressure with a stirring tool installed in the lower container, either during stirring, at the same time as stirring is stopped, or when stirring is stopped. The method for producing a composite according to claims 1 and 3, characterized in that the pressure inside the lower container is restored after that. (5) Put the curing raw material containing a porous material into a container, seal it, reduce the pressure inside the container, and stir it with a stirring tool provided in the container, either during stirring or at the same time as stirring is stopped, or 1. A method for producing a composite, which comprises: repressurizing the inside of the container after stopping stirring, and taking out a hardening raw material containing a porous substance and hardening it. (6) A gate that can be opened and closed is provided between the upper container and the F section container, the gate is closed and the curing raw material containing a porous substance is put into the upper container, and the acid in the upper container is further removed from the lower part. The container is depressurized and stirred using a stirrer provided in the upper container, and the pressure is restored to cause the curing raw material containing the porous material in the upper container to fall into the lower container, which is then taken out and cured. A method for producing a complex characterized by: (7) A gate that can be opened and closed is provided between the upper container and the lower container, the gate is closed, the porous material and the hardening material are placed in the upper container, and the lower container is sealed or not sealed. The porous material and the hardening raw material are stirred by a stirring tool installed in the upper container to create a hardening material containing the porous material, and after reducing the pressure inside the upper container and continuing stirring, the pressure is restored and the hardening material is passed through the gate. Either the curing raw material containing the porous material is dropped into the lower container and taken out and cured, or the pressure inside the lower container or the upper container is reduced, and then the gate is opened to remove the porous material. A composite material characterized in that the cured raw material contained therein is dropped into the lower container, and the porous material placed under reduced pressure in the lower container restores pressure and takes out the cured raw material contained therein, and is cured. Me manufacturing method. (8) When the hardening raw material containing a porous substance falls from the upper container to the lower container, the hardening raw material containing the porous substance is dispersed through a diffusion plate or a dispersion device installed in the lower container and then falls. 8. A method for producing a composite according to claim 7, which comprises: (9) Stir the hardened raw material containing porous material that has fallen into the lower container and placed under reduced pressure with a stirring tool installed in the lower container, either during stirring, at the same time as stirring is stopped, or when stirring is stopped. A method for producing a composite according to claims 7 and g, characterized in that the pressure inside the rear lower container is restored. liα A porous material and a hardening raw material are placed in a deformable container, the container is sealed, and the porous material and hardening material are kneaded by applying pressure to the container from the outside to deform the container, and the inside of the container is 1. A method for producing a composite, which comprises reducing the pressure and further cross-talking, then restoring the pressure in the container, taking out the hardening raw material containing the porous material and hardening it. Old) A hardening raw material containing a porous substance, or a porous material and a hardening raw material, are placed in a container, the container is moved back and forth to knead and the pressure inside the container is reduced, and then the container is moved back and forth, or 1. A method for producing a composite, which comprises restoring the pressure in a container at the same time as the motion stops or after stopping the reciprocating motion, and taking out and curing the hardening raw material containing the porous material. The method for manufacturing a composite body according to claim 1, wherein the uz'& backward motion is a linear reciprocating motion, an oscillating reciprocating motion, or a circular reciprocating motion. 03 Curing raw materials containing porous materials placed under reduced pressure are sequentially discharged and restored to pressure by operating three sets of valves arranged in series, and cured after being restored to pressure. A method for producing a complex characterized by: a4 A curing raw material containing a porous substance placed under reduced pressure is sequentially discharged and depressurized through a container 4 equipped with valves on both sides and connected to a vacuum training device, and is cured after being depressurized. A method for producing a complex. +151 The hardening raw material contained in the porous material under reduced pressure is sequentially discharged and depressurized through a downward pipe equipped with a level detector or weight measuring device and a gate at the lower end, and is cured after being depressurized. A method for producing a composite, characterized by: uti A hardening raw material containing porous material placed under reduced pressure is sequentially restored and discharged by operating two sets of valves arranged in series, and cured after being restored to pressure. A method for producing a complex characterized by: Q71: A method for producing a composite material, which comprises introducing a hardening raw material containing a porous material into a container under reduced pressure or into each container, reducing the pressure, discharging and returning the pressure, and then curing the material. 18. The method for producing a composite according to claim 17, characterized in that compressed air is used for U& discharge and repressurization. uJ When the hardening raw material containing the porous material is introduced into the container,
A method for producing a composite according to claims 17 and 1g, characterized in that the composite is dispersed and guided through a diffusion plate or a dispersion device. (To) A method for producing a composite according to claims 17 to 1q, characterized in that the hardened raw material containing a porous material is stirred with a stirring tool provided in a container, and then the pressure is restored. . Profitability A method for producing a composite material, which is characterized by curing a hardened raw material containing a porous material under reduced pressure, restoring the pressure, foaming or foaming the material, and curing the material. 1) A complex characterized in that a gate 1 which can be opened and closed is provided between the upper container and the lower container, and l or y of the upper container and the lower container are connected to a vacuum suction device. Manufacturing equipment. @ An apparatus for manufacturing a combined object according to claim 1, characterized in that a stirring tool is provided in the upper container and/or in the F section container. Example Claims 22 and 23, characterized in that a diffusion plate or a dispersion device is provided in the lower container.
Apparatus for producing the composite described in Section 1. □□□ An apparatus for producing a composite body, comprising a deformable container, a pressing tool that applies pressure to the container to deform it, and a vacuum suction device that vacuums the inside of the container. (to) The apparatus for manufacturing a composite body according to claim 2, wherein the pressing tool makes a linear reciprocating motion or a circular motion. 127) The apparatus for manufacturing a composite body according to claim 25, wherein the pressing tool is a bell that can be expanded and compressed. d. A composite manufacturing device, characterized in that the feeding device is provided with an intermittent or continuous discharge device. 26. The apparatus for producing a composite according to claim 25, wherein the intermittent discharge device is constituted by two or three sets of pulps arranged in series. The apparatus for producing a composite body according to claim 1, wherein the intermittent ejection device is a container connected to a vacuum suction device and provided with valves on both sides. c3]) The complex according to claim 2g, wherein the intermittent discharge device is an F-directed pipe equipped with a level detector or a weight measuring device and a gate that can be opened and closed at its lower end. manufacturing equipment. The C33 continuous discharge device is a pump consisting of a semicircular gauge, a flexible tube located inside the gauge, and a rotating roller that presses the flexible tube to perform a sliding circular motion. An apparatus for producing a composite according to claim 2g, characterized in that: 1) An apparatus for producing a composite body according to claims 2g to 3 and 2, wherein the feeding device is a continuous feeding device. (to) An apparatus for manufacturing a composite according to claims 3-g to 3 and 2, characterized in that the feeding device is a continuous mixer. (To) An apparatus for manufacturing a composite body, characterized in that a vacuum suction device or a compressor is connected to a container provided with an inlet and an outlet. (to) The apparatus for manufacturing a composite body according to claim 35, wherein the vacuum suction device and the compressor are cylinders. 67) The apparatus for producing a composite according to claims 35 and 3L, characterized in that a stirring tool is provided in the container. 38. The composite manufacturing apparatus according to claim 35, wherein a diffusion plate or a dispersion device is provided in the container.