JPS59111680A - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device used as a display for watches, flat-screen televisions, office equipment, and the like.

Conventional Structures and Problems Liquid crystal display devices are used as display devices in many fields because of their advantages in that they can be driven with low voltage and low power consumption. Liquid crystal display devices have been put to practical use as simple display devices for watches and clocks that perform so-called static drive, with one pattern corresponding to one electrode at the beginning of drawing.

Furthermore, recently, it has been developed into complex display devices η such as character displays and graphic displays that drive a liquid crystal display in a matrix. However, when trying to drive a liquid crystal display in a matrix to create a complex display, many restrictions arise.

Conventionally, when driving a liquid crystal in a matrix, as shown in FIG. are formed above and below the plate material of the liquid crystal panel to drive it. That is, the method utilizes the fact that when a voltage is applied between X and Y, the liquid crystal at a point corresponding to the coordinates of X%Y1 reacts to the voltage. However, 1. If such a driving method is adopted, xlY! The number of poles is deeply related to the threshold voltage Vth of the optical response of the liquid crystal material from the viewpoint of display contrast and the sharpness of the optical response to the voltage. There are limits to refinement. Furthermore, even if matrix display becomes possible on a fairly large scale, the number of lead-out electrodes will be large, making handling them extremely difficult. Therefore, in a liquid crystal display device, it is necessary to electrically connect these electrodes to a semiconductor drive element, making an actual liquid crystal device extremely complicated.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that solves the problems of conventional liquid crystal display devices and can realize complex display patterns with a simple configuration.

Structure of the Invention For this purpose, the present invention provides a structure in which a transparent plate material having a transparent electrode formed on one side and a plate material made of a ferroelectric monolithic material having a light reflecting layer formed on one side are arranged facing each other, and their peripheries are bonded together. A liquid crystal material is injected into the gap between the transparent plate material and the ferroelectric plate material, and a liquid crystal driving semiconductor element having a plurality of output electrodes formed thereon is adhered to the outer surface of the ferroelectric plate material. To provide a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal is directly driven by an output electrode to display a display.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 5. In FIG. 2 showing the first embodiment, the adhesive layer that adheres the sides, (0 is the liquid crystal layer injected between the two plates (3 (4), the ferroelectric plate @) reflects external light. A light-reflecting layer is formed. ■ is strong / #'ll!
) is a semiconductor element for driving a liquid crystal disposed on the outer surface of the liquid crystal display, and is bonded with a thin adhesive layer (9) having electrically strong properties. OQ ferroelectric plate material (3) of the transparent plate material (3)
4) is a transparent electrode formed on the opposite surface. rl
1) is a polarizing plate attached to the outer surface of the transparent plate material (3). Moreover, the semiconductor for driving the liquid crystal is used.

The operation of the liquid crystal display device having the above structure will be explained. First, if we consider an electrically equivalent circuit, it will be as shown in FIG. 4. Here, C1 is the capacitance component of the liquid crystal, and generally the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal is 10, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer (6) is about 10 μm. C, is a capacitance component of the ferroelectric plate (4), and Cs is a capacitance component of the adhesive layer (2) between the ferroelectric plate (4) and the liquid crystal driving semiconductor element (8). P is a portion corresponding to an output electrode decoy of a semiconductor element for driving a liquid crystal. When an AC voltage is applied to the capacitor configured in this way as shown in the figure, the voltage Vr applied to the liquid crystal layer (6), that is, C1,
c is as follows. As is clear from this equation (1), if the values of C2 and C3 are comparable compared to the value of C1, the electrodes can be connected directly to the liquid crystal layer (6) as in the conventional method. It can be seen that a sufficient electric field can be applied even without it.

Typically, the dielectric constant of liquid crystal materials is about 10. The ferroelectric material can be selected from materials with a relative permittivity ranging from a small value to a large value, and one having a relative I electric constant value of about 2000 is used. Adhesive layer 0) has a dielectric constant of about 2 when a commonly used organic adhesive is used. on the other hand,
The capacitance C between the electrodes when a dielectric material is sandwiched between the electrodes is expressed as follows. Here, ε is a constant, ε is the dielectric constant, S is the area of the electrode, and d is the thickness of the dielectric. Therefore, the thickness of the ferroelectric plate material (4) is Q, 5M, and the thickness of the adhesive layer (9) is 2M.
If the voltage is selected to be about μm, a voltage of about half of the total applied voltage V is often applied to the liquid crystal layer (0). Note that since the applied voltage here is alternating current, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer (0) may be a field effect type. 1,
It can be displayed in any mode.

In this way, by turning on and off the switch (SW) in FIG. 4, the adhesive layer (9
), a necessary electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer (61) corresponding to the area of the output electrode (121) of the liquid crystal driving semiconductor element (8) through the ferroelectric plate material (4), and as a result, the output electrode (1
21 patterns are displayed on the liquid crystal.

Next, a second embodiment will be explained with reference to FIG. In addition, the second
Components that are substantially the same as those explained in the drawings are given the same reference numerals and their explanation will be omitted. In Fig. 5, 08) is a transparent ferroelectric plate material made of a transparent ferroelectric material, for example PLZT, which is a ferroelectric transparent ceramic, and 04) is a transparent ferroelectric plate material (visible light is introduced from the side of the film). The light source, μsj, is a transparent ferroelectric plate material (18)
This is a light reflecting layer formed on the long surface of the liquid crystal layer (6), that is, the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer (6).

In this embodiment as well, the display method is the same as in the first embodiment, but the light introduced from the light source (to the light source) is transferred to the light reflecting layer (o!).
5), the liquid crystal display operates as a light transmission type liquid crystal display, and therefore, the liquid crystal display device can also be used for additive color display.

Effects of the Invention According to the liquid crystal display device i of the present invention, as is clear from the above description, a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is injected between a transparent plate material and a ferroelectric plate material is bonded to the back side of the ferroelectric plate material. Since the display is driven by a driving semiconductor element, the electrode connection to each pixel to be displayed is greatly simplified, and the excellent effect that complex display is also possible can be obtained.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The first section shows the electrode layout of a conventional matrix liquid crystal display device, and the second section shows the first embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a vertical cross-sectional view, (b) is a bottom view, and the third section is a liquid crystal drive. FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of a second embodiment of the present invention. G) is a transparent plate material, @) is a ferroelectric plate material, (5) is an adhesive layer, (5) is a liquid crystal 16, (7) C151 is a reflective layer, [F
]) is the semiconductor element for driving the liquid crystal, ■) is the adhesive layer, QO transparent electrode, (is the output electrode s), 1181 is the transparent ferroelectric plate material, and O is the light source. 1) Figure 3

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A transparent plate material with a transparent electrode formed on one side and a plate material formed with a light reflecting layer on one side and made of a six-strong electric material are placed facing each other and their peripheries are bonded together. A liquid crystal material is injected into the gap between the ferroelectric plate and the ferroelectric plate.5, several output electrodes are formed on the outer surface of the ferroelectric plate, and a semiconductor element for driving the liquid crystal is bonded.1. *Liquid crystal display device. Q) The liquid crystal display device according to claim W1, wherein the ferroelectric plate material is made of a transparent dielectric material, and the light reflecting layer is formed on the surface opposite to the surface in contact with the liquid crystal material.