JPS5854330B2 - Air conditioning equipment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a heating and cooling system using a heat pump. In particular, the present invention relates to a heating and cooling system using a heat pump.
This invention relates to a heating and cooling device that performs heating and cooling by being driven.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, there has been a heating and cooling system using a heat pump in which a compressor is driven by a motor, as shown in FIG. 1.

In other words, in Fig. 1, 1 is a compressor for a refrigerant such as Freon, the bold line 101 is a refrigerant piping system, and 102 is a switching valve that controls the flow of refrigerant during heating or cooling operation. are set so that they are in the direction of the arrow indicated by the dotted line or solid line in the figure.

2 is an indoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between indoor air and refrigerant; 3 is an outdoor heat exchanger for exchanging heat between outdoor air and refrigerant; 4 is the heat exchanger 2; This is a thin tube (capillary) installed at an appropriate position in the middle of the conduit connecting the three.

By the way, an expansion valve may be used instead of this thin tube 40.

5 is an electric heater that is used only for heating when the outside temperature is low.

Conventional heating and cooling systems are configured as described above, so
By driving the compressor 1 with a motor (not shown),
It enables heat to be transported from the low-temperature indoor side to the high-temperature outdoor side in the summer, and from the low-temperature outdoor side to the high-temperature indoor side in the winter, providing both cooling and heating.

Switching between cooling and heating is performed by operating the valve 102.

Such heating and cooling equipment only uses electricity to drive the compressor 1, the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers 2 and 3, the blower, etc., and performs cooling and heating as needed. It is becoming widely popular due to its easy operability and multifunctionality.

However, in the conventional system mentioned above, the compressor,
Since all of the blowers and other equipment are electrically driven, the disadvantage is that they consume a large amount of electricity.

In particular, when it is necessary to air-condition several rooms in a general household, there is a problem in that the power receiving capacity of the household must be expanded.

Regarding cooling in Reference 1, a room with a size of 4.5 tatami to 8 tatami mats requires the use of about 600W of electricity per room, but if you try to apply this to 4 rooms, it will cost 2. 4
．． KW of electricity is required, which accounts for most of the electricity receiving capacity of ordinary households.

This invention was made in order to eliminate these drawbacks and also solve the problem of power shortages caused by excessive use of air-conditioning power in the summer in Japan. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heating and cooling system in which a compressor can be driven by a Stirling engine driven by heat of combustion, etc., thereby enabling heating and cooling operations without using a large amount of electric power. The combustion gas that has finished heating the engine is used to preheat the combustion air and/or heat the outdoor heat exchanger of the heat pump, and during cooling operation, the combustion gas that has finished heating the Stirling engine is used as the combustion air. It is used for preheating the air conditioner, allowing heating and cooling to be performed using less energy.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, using a Stirling engine that uses a well-known displacer type engine.

Fig. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the entire outdoor structure of an embodiment of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an enlarged explanatory diagram of the main parts of the heat pump shown in Fig. 2, mainly showing the connecting part between the compressor and the Stirling engine. So, in each figure, 201 is the outside work, 2
02 is a combustion air intake provided in a part of the outer work 201, and 203 is an air intake for heating and cooling the refrigerant.

11 is a cylinder of the Stirling engine, and 12 is a passage for a working fluid such as hydrogen or helium gas for the Stirling engine, which communicates with the high temperature side of the cylinder 11.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a fin of a heat exchanger that is attached to the wall of the passage 12 or the high-temperature side of the cylinder 11 on the first chamber 11b side to uniformly heat the working fluid by the combustion gas.
4 is a working fluid reheater for the Stirling engine; 15 is a working fluid communication path between the reheater 14 and the low temperature side of the cylinder 11; 16 is a second chamber 1 on the low temperature side of the cylinder 11;
This is a heat exchanger for effectively cooling the 1b side, the passage 15, or both with outside air or the like.

This Stirling engine performs continuous operation by continuously heating and cooling through the heat exchanger fins 13, heat exchanger 16, etc., but this point will be discussed later. I will explain it below.

111 is a heat pump compressor, which includes a crank-shaped engine output shaft 2 connected to a power piston 19 and a displacer piston 17 of a Stirling engine, which will be described later.
It is designed to be directly driven by 1 through 1.

112112' is a refrigerant pipe forming the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump, 113 is a heat exchanger for heating or cooling the refrigerant (outdoor heat exchanger) attached to the refrigerant pipe, 131 is a burner for heating the Stirling engine, 132 133 is a fuel nozzle, 133 is a fuel pipe, 134 is a solenoid valve provided in the middle of the pipe 133, 135 is a manual valve, 136 is a burner 131
This is what the flames look like above.

141 is a combustion air supply pipe, 141' is a supply pipe 1
41, a combustion air passage surrounds a combustion exhaust gas passage, and a part 142 is a combustion air passage where heat exchange is performed between the exhaust gas and combustion air. 143 is a secondary air supply port, 144 is a combustion space, 145 is a combustion exhaust gas exhaust pipe, 14
6 is a blower for supplying combustion air.

151 is a gas passage configured to apply outside air taken in from the outside air intake port 203 to the heat exchanger 113.16; 152;
15 is a discharge port for outside air passing through the gas passage 151 to the outside of the machine;
3 is an exhaust plate that appropriately disperses the exhaust air from 152 and prevents foreign matter from entering from the outside; 154 is a blower provided in the gas passage 151 to supply air such as outside air; 155
is an open end for allowing the combustion exhaust gas flowing out through the exhaust pipe 145 to flow out into the gas passage 151 during heating operation, and the exhaust passage 156 has one end connected to this open end, and the other end is connected to the combustion exhaust gas. The button communicates with the downstream end of the exhaust gas exhaust pipe 145.

In other words, when the heat exchanger 113 is not heated by the combustion gas discharged from the open end 155, the combustion exhaust gas exhaust pipe 145 is communicated with the outside via pulp or the like, and the exhaust pipe 145 is connected to the opening via the exhaust passage 156. The 155-inch end prevents combustion gas from being introduced.

The connecting portion between the compressor 111 of the heat pump and the Stirling engine is as shown in FIG.

That is, in FIG. 3, 17 is a displacer piston that reciprocates in the horizontal direction in the figure within the cylinder 11 of the Stirling engine and forms a first chamber 11a and a second chamber 11b within the cylinder 11, and 18 is a displacer piston. One end is connected to the displacer piston 17, and the other end is connected to the engine output shaft 2.
a displacer piston shaft rotatably connected to 1;
19 reciprocates inside the cylinder 11 in the left-right direction in the figure, and the second
This is a power piston that receives the pressure of the working fluid in the chamber 11b to obtain rotational driving force for the engine output shaft 210, and has a through hole in the center, through which the displacer piston shaft 18 passes.

Reference numerals 20 and 20 denote a power piston shaft having one end connected to the power piston 19 and the other end rotatably connected to the engine output shaft 21, 22 and 22 a bearing supporting both ends of the engine output shaft 210, and 115 a power piston shaft. This is a sealing material for increasing the airtightness of the power piston 190 portion.

By the way, the configuration of the air conditioning system according to the present invention other than the outside shown in FIG. 2 is basically the same as the conventional one shown in FIG. An indoor heat exchanger (not shown) is provided.

However, it should be noted that the electric heater 5 shown in Fig. 1 is not necessary.
not.

As is clear from the above explanation, in this embodiment, it is possible to operate the device by effectively utilizing the combustion heat, so by performing combustion at 1,2000 kcal/hr, it is possible to operate the device under standard outside air conditions. Below, heating in the winter could be approximately 3,000 kcal/hr, and cooling in the summer could be approximately 1,800 kcal/hr.

It can be said that the energy efficiency (coefficient of performance COP) is extremely high for an air conditioning system that uses combustion.

Next, the operation of one embodiment of the present invention will be explained.

1. Start supplying combustion air and turn on the burner 13.
1 is ignited to begin heating the fins 13, which are high-temperature parts of the Stirling engine, the working fluid passage 12, etc., and to start ventilating the gas passage 151 by the blower 154.

Then, when the high temperature section reaches a predetermined temperature, a starter (not shown) is rotated to start driving the Stirling engine.

Then, as we know, the Stirling engine has cylinder 1
When the displacer piston 17 is in the process of compressing the first chamber 11a, the working fluid in the first chamber 11a of the first chamber 11a is heated by the burner 131 in the passage 12, and the heat is stored in this reheater through the reheater 14, and further heat is generated. It is cooled in the exchanger 150 section and supplied to the second chamber 11b, and the displacer piston 17
When is in the expansion process, the working fluid is made to flow in the opposite direction to absorb the heat previously stored in the reheater 14, and then the combustion heat from the heating means 1 burner 131 is supplied to the first chamber 11a. The fluid is supplied with increased heat and pressure.

In this way, the reciprocating movement of the displacer piston causes the first
Since the basic principle that a pressure change occurs in the chamber 11a1 and the second chamber 11b is used, the burner 1 is
31, even if combustion is performed continuously in the second chamber 11b, the pressure change in the working fluid in the second chamber 11b, that is, the pressure change in the second chamber 11b accompanying the reciprocating movement of the displacer piston 17 causes the power piston 19 to move in a predetermined cycle. The rotational force for driving the compressor 111 can be generated on the output shaft 21 by receiving the necessary pressure.

When the Stirling engine is driven, the compressor 111 of the heat pump starts operating, and heat pump operation is started to carry out heat transport.

This heat transport is the same as in the case of the compressor shown in FIG.

As described above, in this embodiment, the compressor 111 is driven by a Stirling engine operated by combustion heat, so the electric power used is only for equipment related to safety or control such as the blowers 146, 154, the solenoid valves 134, etc. , much smaller quantities are required than conventional ones.

The above is just a description of the operation, but in the present invention, the following measures have been taken to improve the energy efficiency of the device.

As shown in the section 141' of the supply pipe 141, the combustion air is heated by the combustion exhaust gas. Since the use of fuel for the burner can be saved, this has the effect of increasing the energy efficiency of the entire device.

Another idea is that the combustion exhaust gas is configured to flow out into the gas passage 151 from the open end 155 during heating operation.

The temperature of the combustion exhaust gas flowing out from the open end 155 is 100°C.
Because of the above, the blower 154 is installed in the heat exchanger 113 compared to when only the outside air taken in from the outside air intake port 203 is used.
The temperature of the gas blown increases, and as a result, the amount of heat exchanged by the heat exchanger 113 increases, improving the heating function.

Note that during cooling operation, the combustion exhaust gas does not flow out from the open end 155, but is discharged to the outside from the other open end (not shown) of the exhaust pipe 145.

The operating speed of the Stirling engine used in this invention is determined by the amount of heat that the working fluid of the Stirling engine receives from the combustion gas of the burner 131 through the passages 12 and fins 13.

The inventors have discovered that this amount of heat is determined by the temperature of the fins 13 of the heat exchanger, the working fluid passages 12, and the like.

Therefore, this temperature determines the operating speed of the Stirling engine.

Therefore, the amount of cooling and heating can be controlled by detecting the temperature of typical parts on the high temperature side of the Stirling engine, such as the fins 13 and passages 12 (detectors are not shown).
, could be made arbitrary by controlling its value.

This temperature is controlled by a solenoid valve 134 and a manual valve 13.
Control of the fuel flow rate by the button 5 or the like, or control of the amount of combustion air by the blower 146, or both can be easily controlled by pressing the button simultaneously.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the Stirling engine is heated only by combustion heat, but a device in which the combustion air can be preheated by an energy source other than combustion, such as solar heat, can be installed in the supply pipe. It may be attached to the front part of 141.

This allows for fuel savings and economical operation.

Since solar heat, etc. can be utilized in the form of preheating the combustion air in this way, the energy saving effect can be further improved very easily with almost no changes to the parts of the embodiment shown in Figs. 2 and 3. There is nothing that can be done.

As described above, according to the present invention, the compressor of the heat pump-applied air conditioning system, which was conventionally driven by an electric motor, is now driven by a Stirling engine operated by combustion heat, and during heating, combustion exhaust gas is used as a refrigerant together with outside air. Since it has been devised to be useful for heating, it is possible to provide a heating and cooling device that requires only a small amount of electrical energy and is highly energy efficient.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figure 1 is a piping diagram showing a conventional heating and cooling system, and Figure 2 is a
A piping diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is an enlarged explanatory view of the main part of FIG. 2. In the figure, 11 is a Stirling engine cylinder 12 is a working fluid passage (high temperature part of a Stirling engine);
3 is the fin of the heat exchanger (high temperature part of the Stirling engine), 111 is the compressor, 113 is the outdoor heat exchanger, 131
141 is a supply pipe, and 151 is a gas passage. In each figure, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A heating and cooling system consisting of a Stirling engine that performs a heating operation using combustion gas obtained by a burner and a heat pump system that uses a refrigerant such as Freon as a working fluid, the compressor of the heat pump is It is driven by a Stirling engine, and during heating operation, the combustion gas that has been heated by the Stirling engine is used for either or both of preheating the combustion air and heating the outdoor heat exchanger of the heat pump, and during cooling operation. A heating and cooling system characterized in that the combustion gas that has been heated by the Stirling engine is sometimes used to preheat the combustion air. 2. Taking advantage of the fact that the output of the Stirling engine depends on the temperature of the high-temperature section of the Stirling engine, the amount of combustion and the amount of air supplied for combustion are adjusted so that the temperature of the high-temperature section corresponds to the required amount of air conditioning. 2. The heating and cooling device according to claim 1, wherein the heating and cooling device is configured to control. 3. The heating and cooling device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the combustion air can be preheated by a heat source other than combustion, such as solar heat.