JPS5849799A - Lubricant composition for high temperature - Google Patents
Lubricant composition for high temperatureInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5849799A JPS5849799A JP14729881A JP14729881A JPS5849799A JP S5849799 A JPS5849799 A JP S5849799A JP 14729881 A JP14729881 A JP 14729881A JP 14729881 A JP14729881 A JP 14729881A JP S5849799 A JPS5849799 A JP S5849799A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant composition
- weight
- high temperature
- graphite powder
- present
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 235000021120 animal protein Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 straight arc Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000011632 Caseins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000007327 Protamines Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010007568 Protamines Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004826 Synthetic adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940050528 albumin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000227 bioadhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940048914 protamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten disulfide Chemical compound S=[W]=S ITRNXVSDJBHYNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
この発明は、鉄の正弧、鍛造あるいは引抜き、アルミニ
ウムや銅の押出し、タングステンやモヲプデンの引抜き
等、各種の金属や合金の熱間加工の際に使用される高温
用潤滑剤組成物に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention is a high-temperature product used in hot working of various metals and alloys, such as straight arc, forging or drawing of iron, extrusion of aluminum and copper, and drawing of tungsten and mopden. The present invention relates to lubricant compositions.
従来、この種の潤滑剤組成物としては、潤滑油、グリー
ス又はこれらζ；黒鉛粉末や二硫化タングステン等の固
体潤滑剤を混合したもの、あるいは、アルカリ金属硫酸
塩、ホウ酸塩、塩化カリウム、ナトリクムトツアセテー
）、黒鉛粉末及び必１！により添加される助剤とからな
る微粉末混合物を水性分散液としたもの等が知られてい
る。しかしながら、前者においては、熱的に不安定であ
って使用の際に油の分解が起り、工具や加工物に悪影譬
を与えるほか、油や油の分解物が作業環境を著るしく汚
染するという問題があり、また、後者１；おいても、特
にり−ムレス鋼管の製造等ｒ−おいて満足し得る潤滑性
能を発揮するとは言えないものであった。Conventionally, lubricant compositions of this type include lubricating oils, greases, or mixtures thereof with solid lubricants such as graphite powder and tungsten disulfide, or alkali metal sulfates, borates, potassium chloride, ), graphite powder and a must! It is known that an aqueous dispersion of a fine powder mixture containing an auxiliary agent added by the above is used. However, in the former case, the oil is thermally unstable and decomposes during use, causing negative effects on tools and workpieces, and the oil and oil decomposition products significantly contaminate the working environment. Furthermore, the latter method (1) cannot be said to exhibit satisfactory lubrication performance, particularly in the production of rimless steel pipes.
本発明者等は、かかる観点ｒ′−鍾み、作業婁境蓼；対
する汚染がな（、シかも優れた潤滑性能を有する高温用
潤滑剤組成物の開発を目的として鋭意研究を重ねた結果
、黒鉛粉末と動物系蛋白質とを主体とした系が金属表Ｉ
ＩＮｒ一対する親和性に優れ、かつ、摩擦係数の小さい
被膜を形成し、高温時Ｃおいて優れた潤滑性能を発揮す
ることを見い出して本発明を完成したものである。The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive research aimed at developing a high-temperature lubricant composition with excellent lubrication performance from such a point of view. , a system mainly composed of graphite powder and animal protein is classified as metal table I.
The present invention was completed by discovering that it forms a film that has excellent affinity for INr and has a small coefficient of friction, and exhibits excellent lubricating performance at high temperatures.
すなわち、本発明は、黒鉛粒子ｇｏ〜＄６重量−と、動
物系蛋白質６〜６０重量−とを含有する高温用潤滑剤組
成物を提供するものである。That is, the present invention provides a high-temperature lubricant composition containing graphite particles go ~$6 by weight and animal protein from 6 to 60 by weight.
この発明（；おいて使用される黒鉛粉末は、それが天然
品であつ、てもまた含威品であってもよい。The graphite powder used in this invention may be a natural product or a mineralized product.
また、この黒鉛粉末の粒径については、通常、ｌｏ。Moreover, the particle size of this graphite powder is usually lo.
μ以下の平均粒度と少くとも９６−の純度を有するもの
が使用され、このうち平均粒度ａＳ〜３０声のものが好
ましい。Those having an average particle size of less than .mu. and a purity of at least 96 degrees are used, and those having an average particle size of aS to 30 degrees are preferred.
また、動物系蛋白質としては、コラーゲン、ニカワ、ゼ
ラチン、カゼイン、アルブミン、プロタミン、セラック
、プリプリン等を挙げることができ、％口、ニカワ、ゼ
ラチン−又は、カゼインが好ましい。これらは、単独で
用いてもよく、また、二種以上を組合竺て用いてもよい
。In addition, examples of animal proteins include collagen, glue, gelatin, casein, albumin, protamine, shellac, prepurine, etc., and preferred are %glue, glue, gelatin, and casein. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
本発明ｒ−おいて、□動物性蛋白質はそれ自体が黒鉛粉
末を分散する機能を有するので、分散剤の使用は必ずし
も必要ではなりが、水に分散しＣ＜い動物系蛋白質を使
用する場合には分散剤を使用するのが好ましい。この−
目的で使用される分散剤は、水に可溶性であるかあるい
は水Ｃ−懸濁する性質を持ち、増粘効果と接着効果とを
有して黒鉛粉末の沈降を防止する分散作用を有するもの
であればよい、この分散剤の例としては、カルボキシメ
チルセルロース、デンプン等の天然系粘着性分散剤、ボ
リチツカライド等の多糖類、グアーガム等の粘着物、ボ
ッビニルアルコール等の合成粘着分散剤、ポリオキシエ
チレンアルキルエーテル等の界面活性剤等を挙げること
ができる。また、動物系蛋白質は長期間放置されると腐
敗するものもあり、パラオキシ安息香酸エチル等の防腐
剤を使用するのが好ましい。In the present invention, □ Since the animal protein itself has the function of dispersing graphite powder, the use of a dispersant is not necessarily necessary, but when using an animal protein that can be dispersed in water and is It is preferable to use a dispersant. This-
The dispersant used for this purpose is one that is soluble in water or has water-suspending properties, has a thickening effect and an adhesive effect, and has a dispersing action that prevents the graphite powder from settling. Examples of dispersants that may be used include natural adhesive dispersants such as carboxymethyl cellulose and starch, polysaccharides such as bolytichalide, adhesives such as guar gum, synthetic adhesive dispersants such as bobbinyl alcohol, and polyoxyethylene. Examples include surfactants such as alkyl ethers. In addition, some animal proteins deteriorate if left for a long period of time, so it is preferable to use a preservative such as ethyl paraoxybenzoate.
本発明の高温用潤滑剤組成物の配合割合は、通常、黒鉛
粉末６０〜９纂重量％、動物系蛋白質５〜５０重量−で
あり、好ましくは、黒鉛粉末ＴＯ−９０重量−５動物系
蛋白質１０〜３０３重量−がよ′し；。また、分散剤を
興用する場合には、その使用量は約１０重量−以下にす
るのが望ましい。The blending ratio of the high-temperature lubricant composition of the present invention is usually 60 to 9 strands of graphite powder and 5 to 50 weight % of animal protein, preferably TO-90 graphite powder - 5 weight % of animal protein. 10-303 weight. Further, when a dispersant is used, it is desirable that the amount used is about 10% by weight or less.
本発明の高温用潤滑剤組成物は、水中Ｃ二分散させて潤
滑剤水分散液どして使用するものであり、この時の固珍
分濃度は通常５−ＳＳ重量−１好ましくは１０〜３０重
量−の範囲内に調製する。この固形分濃度は、薄すぎる
と乾燥時間が長くなったす形成される被膜の膜厚が薄く
なって良好な潤滑性能を得ることができず、また、潰す
ざると塗布し１くくなるｂこのようにして調製された潤
滑剤水分散液の使用方法は、この潤−滑剤水分・散液を
熱″間加工すべき金属の表面や、マンドレル、ダイス、
ロール等の工具の表面に通常の手段で塗布し、これを乾
燥させてこれら金゛属や工具の表［（−被膜を形成した
後熱間加工を行う。The high-temperature lubricant composition of the present invention is used as an aqueous lubricant dispersion by dispersing carbon in water, and the solid fraction concentration at this time is usually 5-SS weight-1, preferably 10 to Adjust to within a range of 30% by weight. If this solid content concentration is too thin, the drying time will be longer and the thickness of the formed film will become thinner, making it impossible to obtain good lubrication performance. The method of using the aqueous lubricant dispersion prepared in this way is to apply the lubricant aqueous dispersion to the surface of the metal to be hot-processed, to mandrels, dies, etc.
It is applied to the surface of a tool such as a roll by a conventional means, and is dried to form a coating on the surface of these metals or tools, followed by hot working.
なお、本発明の高温用潤滑剤組成物（：おいて、その組
成物中１−予め、あるいは、潤滑剤水分散液を調製する
際に、従来公知の第三成分、例えば被膜安定剤、さび止
め剤、酸化防止剤、界面活性剤、乳化剤、極圧剤等を添
、加し、−これら添加剤８＝よってそれぞれの特徴な゛
付与することもできる。In addition, in the high temperature lubricant composition of the present invention (1), conventionally known third components, such as film stabilizers, rust-resistant By adding inhibitors, antioxidants, surfactants, emulsifiers, extreme pressure agents, etc., it is also possible to impart their own characteristics.
本発明によれば、動物系蛋白質が金属表面に対して優れ
た親゛和性な発揮すると共に黒鉛粉末が均一１＝分散し
た被膜を形成し、これによって優れた潤滑性能が発揮さ
れるものと思われ′る。According to the present invention, the animal protein exhibits excellent affinity for the metal surface, and the graphite powder forms a uniformly dispersed film, thereby exhibiting excellent lubrication performance. Seem.
以下、′実施例に基づいてこの発明の内容を具体的に説
明する。Hereinafter, the contents of the present invention will be specifically explained based on Examples.
〔実施例１及び３〕
表に示す割合で配合した潤滑剤組成物を表に示す固形分
濃度で水口分散させて潤滑剤水分散液を調製し、この潤
滑剤水分散液を鉄板上に撒布し、ｇｏ℃１・分間乾燥さ
せて膜厚４Ｇμの試験片を得た。[Examples 1 and 3] An aqueous lubricant dispersion was prepared by dispersing a lubricant composition blended in the proportions shown in the table at a solid content concentration shown in the table, and this aqueous lubricant dispersion was sprinkled on an iron plate. Then, it was dried at 0.degree. C. for 1 minute to obtain a test piece with a film thickness of 4 G.mu.
この試験片について、往復動摩擦試験機を用い、荷重６
−（接触球Ｓ／４／／ ）、摺動速度ｕｎ／ａｌｙｉの
条件下でｈＯＯ℃及びａ０６’ＣＩ’−おける摩擦係数
を求めた。結果は表に示す通りであり、いずれの場合も
摩擦係数が着るしく小さく、優れた潤滑性能を発揮する
ことが判明した。This test piece was tested under a load of 6 using a reciprocating friction tester.
- (contact ball S/4//) and the friction coefficient at hOO°C and a06'CI'- under the conditions of sliding speed un/alyi. The results are shown in the table, and it was found that in all cases the coefficient of friction was surprisingly small and excellent lubrication performance was exhibited.
Claims (1)
−６０重量−とを含有することを特徴とする高温用潤滑
剤組成物。 （２） 動物系蛋白質がイラチン、ニカワ又はカゼイ
ンである特許請求の範囲第１項記載の高温用潤滑剤組成
物。[Scope of Claims]
-60% by weight- A high-temperature lubricant composition comprising: -60% by weight. (2) The high-temperature lubricant composition according to claim 1, wherein the animal protein is iratin, glue, or casein.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14729881A JPS5849799A (en) | 1981-09-17 | 1981-09-17 | Lubricant composition for high temperature |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14729881A JPS5849799A (en) | 1981-09-17 | 1981-09-17 | Lubricant composition for high temperature |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5849799A true JPS5849799A (en) | 1983-03-24 |
Family
ID=15427030
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14729881A Pending JPS5849799A (en) | 1981-09-17 | 1981-09-17 | Lubricant composition for high temperature |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5849799A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH069479U (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1994-02-08 | トーケンインテリアデザイン株式会社 | Arrangement of fishing props |
| JP2012532973A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2012-12-20 | カーエス アルミニウム−テヒノロギー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Concentrates for producing coolants and mold release agents or coolants and lubricants, and such coolants and mold release agents and coolants and lubricants |
| CN107523404A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-29 | 李静 | Aqueous rustproof metal cold forging lubricant and preparation method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5155744A (en) * | 1974-11-11 | 1976-05-17 | Nippon Steel Corp | Bosei junkatsushorikozai oyobisono seizohoho |
| JPS51147448A (en) * | 1975-06-12 | 1976-12-17 | Nippon Kokuen Kogyo Kk | Method and device for lubricating roll in rolling mill |
| JPS52112057A (en) * | 1976-03-15 | 1977-09-20 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Hot lubricating agent for iron, steel and similar materials |
-
1981
- 1981-09-17 JP JP14729881A patent/JPS5849799A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5155744A (en) * | 1974-11-11 | 1976-05-17 | Nippon Steel Corp | Bosei junkatsushorikozai oyobisono seizohoho |
| JPS51147448A (en) * | 1975-06-12 | 1976-12-17 | Nippon Kokuen Kogyo Kk | Method and device for lubricating roll in rolling mill |
| JPS52112057A (en) * | 1976-03-15 | 1977-09-20 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Hot lubricating agent for iron, steel and similar materials |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH069479U (en) * | 1992-07-14 | 1994-02-08 | トーケンインテリアデザイン株式会社 | Arrangement of fishing props |
| JP2012532973A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2012-12-20 | カーエス アルミニウム−テヒノロギー ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | Concentrates for producing coolants and mold release agents or coolants and lubricants, and such coolants and mold release agents and coolants and lubricants |
| US9175244B2 (en) | 2009-07-13 | 2015-11-03 | Gelita Ag | Concentrate for producing a cooling and release agent or a cooling and lubricating agent and such cooling and release agents and cooling and lubricating agents |
| CN107523404A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2017-12-29 | 李静 | Aqueous rustproof metal cold forging lubricant and preparation method thereof |
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