JPS58147203A - Antenna feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To distribute and mix electric power through thin, light-weight feeding devices for array antennas by providing two parallel flat plate bodies made of parabolically crooked metallic plates to the parallel metallic flat plates for feeding and energizing. CONSTITUTION:The parallel flat plate part 14 consists of the metallic flat plates 15a and 15b and on dielectric substrates 16, strip lines 17 are printed; and dielectric substrates 18 are mounted on the substrates 16 and on the top surfaces of the substrates 18, metallic conductors 19 having slots 23 are formed. The lines 17 and flat plate 15 are connected mutually by a metallic conductor 20 and a radio wave absorber 21 and a metallic side plate 22 are fitted. The side plate 22 is parabolic and the flat plate part 14 has pillbox antenna structure. Two plate parts 14 formed as mentioned above are provided and hybrid circuits 30 and 33 are connected to output terminals 24 and 25, and 28 and 29 provided near the focus of the side plate 22. At the opening part of the plate part 14, an energizing terminals in a linear array are provided and terminals of the strips 17 are connected through the conductor 20. Thus, the thin, lightweight feeding device is obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an antenna power supply device that distributes or combines power to each element antenna of an array antenna consisting of a plurality of element antennas, and particularly provides a thin and lightweight monopulse power supply device.

Conventionally, there have been various types of feeding systems for array antennas, and nine typical ones are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows the cohort power supply system.

The radio wave signal received by each element antenna (1) passes through a feeder line (2) that branches out in a tournament style with two distributions each.
The composite signal of the signals received by the group of element antennas 10 on the right half of the center line (3) enters the right terminal (5) K of the hybrid circuit (4), and the same The composite signal of the received signals of the element antenna 100 enters the left terminal (6) of the hybrid circuit (4), these two signals are added or subtracted in the hybrid circuit (4), and the sum signal Σ is sent to the phase terminal ( 71, a difference signal Δ is output from a difference terminal (8). Using these sum signal Σ and difference signal Δ, so-called monopulse tracking or monopulse angle measurement can be performed.

In addition, Fig. 2 is called a space feeding system, in which the signal received by each element antenna (1) passes through the feed line (9) and is radiated back into space from the transmitting element antenna (II). , 03.Horn antenna α
The radio signal collected by υ enters the right terminal (5) of the hybrid circuit (4) through the feed line Q:I, and the radio signal collected by the horn antenna O3 passes through the feed line (II) and enters the hybrid circuit (4). The signal enters the left terminal (6) of the circuit (4), and the sum signal Σ and the difference signal Δ are then outputted in the same manner as in FIG.

This conventional power feeding device has a number of element antennas ranging from 10” to 1
When used in an array antenna on the order of Os, there are the following problems. That is, when a cohort power supply circuit as shown in FIG. 1 is used, the power supply circuit becomes extremely diverse and complicated, and the weight increases. 1. The space feeding system shown in Figure 2 requires a large space between the horn antennas U and US and the transmitting element antenna frame. These are especially used as feeding circuits for array antennas mounted on aircraft.The present invention eliminates these conventional drawbacks and provides a thin and lightweight monopulse feeding device, which will be explained below with reference to one drawing.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, in which the parallel plate part I is composed of two metal plates (i5a) and (i5b), and ae is a dielectric substrate. Line aD is printed. This dielectric substrate 0119
Another dielectric Qin board is placed on top of this, and its upper surface is a metal conductor surface Ql, with slots cut here and there. The shaded area in FIG. 8 is a metal conductor. strip line a
n and the metal flat plate +15b) are connected by a metal conductor (1). Moreover, +21) is a radio wave absorber. @
is a metal l1ll plate.

FIG. 4 is a top view of the metal conductor surface OI, in which a large number of slots (2) are cut. Figure 5 is a top view of the surface of the strip line αη.

The strip line αη is the slot (to) on the surface above it.
In order to supply power, the line has a series distribution line configuration. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the parallel plate portion I on the right half of FIG. 8. FIG. Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-N in Figure 6;
The figure is a sectional view taken along line BB' in FIG. In FIG. 6, the shape of the metal side plate is parabolic. therefore.

The parallel plate part I, which has a parabolic metal side plate (2) and is surrounded by metal flat plates (15a) and (15b), has a so-called pill-box antenna structure.The opening of the parallel plate part I For example, the output end (to) has a coaxial power feeding structure as shown in Figure 8.
The excitation terminals lined up on the opening side of the pillbox-shaped parallel plate part (14) are connected to the parallel plate part (14 and 171 in Figure 5) by the metal conductor ■ as shown in Figure 7. are tied.

Further, FIG. 9 shows a circuit configuration for monopulse processing of output signals from the four output ends u, i, (to), and @ of the two parallel plate portions a4. That is, the output end (to),
The signal from @ enters the hybrid circuit (to) and outputs the sum signal Σ1 to the output terminal 6υ and the difference signal to the output terminal (to). In addition, the parallel plate part (output end of 14) shown on the left in Fig.
), the signal from C11 enters the hybrid circuit (to), and the sum signal Σ! is sent to the output terminal (b). A difference signal is output to the 7 output terminal (to). moreover.

The sum signals Σ1 and Σ at the output ends 6B and (to) enter the hybrid circuit (to), and the difference signal between the output ends (to) and (to) enters the hybrid circuit (b). (to) indicates the terminal load. Thus, three signals are output from the two hybrid circuits (to) and (9). One of these is the total composite sum signal Σ=Σ1+Σ of the signals received by the entire slot array antenna in Figure 4, and one of the remaining two signals is the left and right half of the signal in Figure 4. This is the difference signal obtained by subtracting the received signal of the slot array of . This is the difference signal in the horizontal plane △AZ=Σ! -Σ, and the other signal corresponds to the difference signal ΔIH in the vertical plane. In addition,
In FIG. 9 (to), ■ is a wire.

The parallel plate portion I in FIG. 6 has a pillbox structure, and the point marked with an x in the figure is the focal point of the parabolic point presented by the gold iI4 side plate (toward). If a radio wave is emitted from this point
The phase of the radio waves that reach (to) depends on the properties of the parabolic reflector,
They all have the same phase, and this in-phase property has the characteristic that there is no frequency characteristic. Therefore, by providing a power supply circuit with a pillbox structure as shown in FIG. 6, wideband power distribution or power synthesis becomes possible. In addition, in FIG. 6, when radio waves are emitted from the output terminals @ and (2), which are provided at positions equidistantly shifted from the focal point of the x-marked point.

A phase shift occurs along the row of excitation terminals in which the inclinations of the phases of the radio waves are opposite to each other, and by using this, for example, it is possible to form a radiation pattern of monopulse differences within the plane of the paper as shown in Figure 6. .

As is clear from the above description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the power feeding structure of the slot array shown in FIG. 4 can be made extremely thin due to the eight-layer structure shown in FIG. A symmetrical pattern of monopulse differences can be formed over a relatively wide band.

FIG. 1θ is a schematic configuration diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;
This corresponds to the right half of Figure 8. In the same figure, 9B is a dielectric substrate with a microstrip line (6) printed on the front side, forming a cohort type power supply circuit, and the metal conductor (■) of the parallel plate part a4 at the input end. linked.

The back surface of the dielectric substrate Ull is a metal conductor surface.

Although not shown in Figure 1O, the end of the microstrip line that branches into two in a tournament manner is connected to the feeder of an element antenna such as a dipole antenna printed on a dielectric substrate.

Further, FIG. 11 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which has a structure in which the way the two pillbox-shaped parallel flat plate portions 04 face each other is different from the shape shown in FIG. 5.

In the above explanation, the case of reception has been described, but it goes without saying that similar effects can be obtained even when applied to the case of transmission. 1. The present invention can also be used in a power supply device for a phased array antenna, which connects a variable phase shifter to each element antenna and electronically controls the beam.

As described above, in the antenna power feeding device according to the present invention,
Since a thin and lightweight power supply device k can be realized by using two pillbox-shaped parallel plate structure power supply circuits side by side, the effect when used as a power supply device for an array antenna mounted on an aircraft is extremely large.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 and 2 are schematic diagrams of conventional cohort power supply and space power supply, respectively, Figure 8 is a sectional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and Figure 4 is a diagram of a slot array according to the same embodiment. , Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the strip line of the embodiment, Fig. 6 is a block diagram of the pillbox-shaped parallel plate section on one side of the power supply device of the embodiment, and Figs. 17 and 8 are the respective parallel plate sections. Structure diagrams of different cross sections, Figure 9 is a circuit configuration diagram for monophonic processing of signals output from the four output ends of two parallel plate parts, Figure 1θ is a schematic configuration diagram of another embodiment, and Figure 11 is It is a configuration diagram of two parallel plate parts in yet another embodiment. In the figure, (1) is an element antenna, 041 is a parallel plate part. f15a) and (15b) are metal flat plates, and aS and ti8 are dielectric substrates. , +171 is a strip line, On is a metal conductor, 2+) is a radio wave absorber, (C) is a gold S side plate, (C) is a slot, @, (E), @ and a wire are the output end, a wire is an excitation terminal, ■ is a gold conductor, go, cn, c@ and ■ are hybrid circuits. ＠D is a dielectric substrate, and ＠D is a microstrip line. In FIG. 9, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals. Agent Shin Kuzuno - Figure 1! Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4E Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 6

Claims (1)

[Claims] +11 In an antenna power feeding device that distributes or combines power to a plurality of element antennas constituting an array antenna, a parallel flat plate consisting of two parallel metal plates and a metal plate curved in an radial shape. Two sets of bodies are provided, two first terminals are provided near the focal point of the curved metal body, and a plurality of second terminals are provided in a straight line at the opening of the parallel metal plate. , an antenna power feeding device characterized in that the second terminal is further connected to each of the element antennas, and the first terminal is connected to a no-brid circuit to distribute or combine power to each of the element antennas. . (2) The antenna power feeding device according to claim (1), characterized in that a radio wave absorber is attached to the opening of the parallel metal flat plate.