JPH1177352A - High speed taperless cutting method in laser beam machining - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To speed up a cutting speed, to achieve taperless for a product cut face and to reduce/prevent adhesion of metal fused dross at a lower part of a product cut face. SOLUTION: Laser beam machining of a plate material, etc., is arranged with a machining head 1 or a machining head torch 2 tip, by which an irradiation angle of a laser beam L is adjustable for inclination in two directions by angle control, one direction is a cutting direction, speeding up cutting operation is made possible by imparting an inclination angle to this cutting direction (X direction). The other direction is a direction (Y direction) at right angle to the cutting direction, the machining head is inclined to a base material side opposite to a product at an appropriate angle along this direction, taperless of a product cut face metal and prevention of adhesion of metal fused dross (drossles) is made possible.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a high-speed taperless cutting method in laser processing of a plate material or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In laser processing of a plate material or the like, a cutting operation is basically performed by irradiating and irradiating a laser beam and an assist gas in a direction perpendicular to a material to be cut.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional example, the cut surfaces of both the base material side and the product side after the cutting process are tapered, and the favorable cutting range is narrow. To reduce the taper to eliminate this, use a focusing lens that matches the cutting conditions, use a lens with high light-gathering properties, adjust the beam diameter (diameter of the light beam) or the optical path length to focus light. Enhance the quality of laser light,
However, there is a problem that handling is special, lacks versatility, increases costs, and is economically disadvantageous.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the angle of rotation or the rotation of the tip of the torch of the processing head or the processing head is tilted in two directions to adjust the irradiation angle of the laser beam and the assist gas. Keeping the injection angle appropriate, reducing the taper of the cut surface on the product side, and reducing or preventing the molten metal (dross) generated during cutting by laser light from sticking to the lower surface of the product, It is another object of the present invention to provide a high-speed taperless cutting method in laser processing that enables a high-speed cutting operation.

[0005]

The present invention can solve the above-mentioned problems by providing the following constitution.

(1) In laser processing of a plate material or the like, a processing head or a torch tip of the processing head is provided which can control the angle of laser beam irradiation in two directions by controlling the angle, and one direction is a cutting direction. A cutting material is provided with an inclination angle in the cutting direction to enable a high-speed cutting operation, and the other direction is a direction perpendicular to the cutting direction, and a base material which is on the opposite side of the product along this direction. Tilt to the right angle to the side,
A high-speed taperless cutting method in laser processing, which makes it possible to make the cut surface of the product taperless and to prevent drossless adhesion of the molten metal.

(2) The processing head is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to the surface to be processed, and the external mirror for guiding the laser light irradiates a desired processing position with the laser light via a condenser lens. (1) wherein the rotation can be controlled so that the tilt angle can be freely set around the axis of the processing head so that the processing can be performed.
A high-speed taperless cutting method in the laser processing described in the above.

(3) In a processing head in which only the tip of the torch is rotatable, the rotation is controlled in synchronization with the rotation of an external mirror rotatable about the axis of the processing head while maintaining the angle constant. A high-speed taperless cutting method in laser processing according to the above item (1), wherein a laser beam can be irradiated to a desired processing position via a condenser lens.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

FIG. 1A is a perspective view showing a first embodiment according to the present invention, showing an angle control action of a processing head, and FIG. 1B is a second embodiment showing an external mirror and a processing head. 2A is a side view showing an operation state in which the tip of the torch is synchronously controlled in rotation, FIG. 2A is a plan view showing a cutting direction, and FIG.
Is an enlarged side view perpendicular to the cutting direction, showing a situation where the cut surface on the product side is tapered (vertically) cut;
Fig. 3 is an enlarged side view perpendicular to the cutting direction showing the state of agglutination of the molten metal (dross), and Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic side view showing a state in which the laser beam is inclined in the cutting direction to speed up the cutting operation. FIG. 4A is a schematic side view showing a situation in a stable region where the cutting operation is performed at a normal cutting speed, and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a cutting operation performed at a cutting speed exceeding the stable region. FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a cutaway showing a situation in a high-speed range where the vehicle is in a high speed range.

Referring to the drawings, 1 is a processing head, 2 is a torch, 3 is an external mirror, 4 is a condenser lens, L
Is a laser beam, a torch 2 is provided at the tip of the processing head 1, and the laser beam L is converged to a desired point via a condenser lens 4 by adjusting the angle of an external mirror 3 capable of controlling the angle of the laser beam L. The machining head 1 is configured to be able to control the rotation about the Z axis indicating the vertical axis (FIG. 1).
(See (a), first embodiment).

As another structure, a second embodiment is shown in FIG.
(B), the processing head 1 and the condenser lens 4 are supported parallel to the Z axis, that is, perpendicular to the surface to be processed,
The rotation of the external mirror 3 can be controlled about the center C axis of the processing head 1 in synchronization with the rotation of the tip of the rotatable torch 2 while maintaining a constant angle.

As for other symbols, W indicates the base material side of the material, and Ws indicates the product side.

The operation will be described based on the above configuration.

In the case of the first embodiment, in laser processing of a plate material or the like, the angle of inclination of an external mirror for changing the irradiation angle of the laser beam in accordance with the angle of inclination of the processing head is controlled, and the cutting direction (X direction) is controlled. ), The processing head 1 is controlled so as to have an appropriate inclination angle in correlation with the cutting speed. Therefore, the irradiation angle of the laser beam L and the injection angle of the assist gas are appropriately maintained, and the stable range of the cutting speed is maintained. The cutting speed is increased to a cutting speed which is a limit speed on the stable range side in the range of the high-speed region, that is, a cutting speed which is a minimum limit point of an amount of molten metal (scale): In addition, by appropriately tilting the processing head 1 toward the base material W along a direction (Y direction) perpendicular to the cutting direction so that the cut surface of the product Ws after cutting becomes a vertical surface without taper. , Material base material W side The cut surface is inclined, and the amount of agglutination of the molten metal scale (dross) is increased below the cut surface, but the molten metal scale (dross) is formed below the vertical product cut surface on the opposite side. (See FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b)).

As another configuration, in the case of the second embodiment, while the angle of the external mirror is kept constant, the rotation of the external mirror and the tip of the torch of the processing head are controlled synchronously, and the cutting is performed in the same manner as described above. In the direction (X direction), the tip of the torch 2 of the processing head 1 is controlled so as to have an appropriate inclination angle in correlation with the cutting speed, and a stable region on the stable region side in the range between the stable region of the cutting speed and the high speed region. The cutting speed is increased to the limit speed, and the product Ws after cutting is moved toward the base metal W along a direction (Y direction) perpendicular to the cutting direction so that the cut surface is a vertical surface without taper. By appropriately inclining the processing head 1, a phenomenon is obtained in which the amount of agglutination of molten metal (dross) becomes extremely small below the cut surface of the vertical product.

[0017]

According to the present invention, the tip of the machining head or the torch of the machining head is tilted in two directions by controlling the angle or rotation thereof to maintain the irradiation angle and the injection angle of the laser beam and the assist gas properly, and the Cuts the taper of the cutting surface, reduces or prevents the dross of the metal generated during cutting by laser light from sticking to the lower surface of the product, and enables a faster cutting operation. It has the effect of doing.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1A is a perspective view showing a first embodiment according to the present invention, showing an angle control action of a processing head, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing a second embodiment, in which an external mirror and a torch tip of the processing head are synchronized. Side view showing the operating state of rotating control

2 (a) is a plan view showing a cutting direction, FIG. 2 (b) is an enlarged side view perpendicular to the cutting direction showing a situation in which a cut surface on a product side is tapered (vertically) cut, and FIG. Magnified side view perpendicular to the cutting direction showing the state of agglutination of molten scale (dross)

FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a cutting side surface in a state in which a laser beam is inclined in a cutting direction to speed up a cutting operation.

4A is a schematic side view showing a situation in a stable region where the cutting operation is performed at a normal cutting speed, and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating a cutting operation performed at a cutting speed exceeding the stable region. Cutaway side view showing the situation at high speed

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing head 2 Torch 3 External mirror 4 Condensing lens L Laser beam Ws Product W (Material) base material

Claims (3)

[Claims] In a laser processing of a plate material or the like, a processing head or a torch tip of a processing head capable of controlling an angle of a laser beam in two directions by controlling an angle is provided, and one direction is a cutting direction, By giving an inclination angle toward this cutting direction, the cutting operation can be speeded up, and the other direction is a direction perpendicular to the cutting direction, and the base material side opposite to the product along this direction. At an appropriate angle to reduce the taper of the cut surface of the product and prevent the metal melt from sticking (drossl
ess), a high-speed taperless cutting method in laser processing. 2. A processing head is rotatable about an axis perpendicular to a surface to be processed, and an external mirror for guiding laser light can irradiate a laser beam to a desired processing position via a condenser lens. 2. The high-speed taperless cutting method in laser processing according to claim 1, wherein the rotation can be controlled so that the inclination angle can be freely adjusted about the axis of the processing head. 3. A processing head in which only the tip of the torch is rotatable is configured to be able to control the rotation in synchronization with the rotation of an external mirror rotatable about the axis of the processing head while keeping the angle constant. 2. The high-speed taperless cutting method in laser processing according to claim 1, wherein a laser beam can be irradiated to the processing position through a condenser lens.