JPH1150705A - Concrete building block and its foundation block - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To allow even an inexperienced worker to do construction work easily and quickly, remarkably increase strength at low cost, and achieve a beautiful finish. SOLUTION: This concrete building block is so designed that each of block main bodies 1 which can be vertically and horizontally assembled together by a fit has a recess 9 formed therein by its front and rear walls, both side walls 4, 5, and bottom wall 6, and has two or more legs 7, 9 of equal lengths that project downward from the bottom wall 6, with the interval between the outer end faces of both end legs 7, 8 being equal to the interval between the inside surfaces of the side walls 4, 5, and with the interval between the inner end faces of the adjacent legs 7, 8 being equal to the total of the thicknesses of the side walls 4, 5. Also, each of corresponding foundation block main bodies 11 which can be vertically and horizontally assembled together by a fit has a recess 9 formed therein by its front and rear walls, both side walls 4, 5 and bottom wall 6, and a bottom plate part 12 projected in a free direction is formed integral with the bottom part 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the construction of a slope block wall or a block fence, the construction of a basement wall, the foundation of a building,
Further, the present invention relates to a concrete block used for a gate post or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A typical construction of a conventional block wall has been performed as follows. That is, as shown in FIG. 26, for example, first, a hole is dug in the ground G, concrete 30 is poured into the assembled formwork 23 to form the foundation 24, Basic 2
A vertical reinforcing bar 26 is erected on the rising protruding portion 25 of 4 (foundation work), and then a mortar or the like is laid on the foundation 24 as shown in FIG. And stretch the water thread and align the vertical and horizontal joints.
, A block 27 is set in the left and right direction, a horizontal joint 29 is laid on the block 27, and the next block 27 is set thereon, and the block 27 is set in the left and right direction in the same manner to set an arbitrary step. After the block 27 was installed, the vertical hole was filled with mortar and cured and solidified.

[0003]

However, according to such a conventional construction method, it takes a great deal of time and effort each time one stage of construction is carried out, such as water threading, vertical joint filling, and horizontal joint laying.
Moreover, since the vertical joints 28 and the horizontal joints 29 have to be made uniform in thickness, and the side surfaces of the blocks 27 after construction have to be flush with each other, considerable skill is required to achieve a good-looking finish. was there. In addition, a connecting tool such as a reinforcing bar is required to firmly fix the blocks and the blocks, resulting in an increase in the number of construction parts and man-hours during construction.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a concrete building block and its basic block which can be easily and quickly constructed by an unskilled person, can be manufactured at a low cost, have a remarkably increased strength, and can be finished with good appearance. Things.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a concrete building block which completes the provision of a U-shaped gutter only by foundation work or stacking work, and a foundation block thereof.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a block body 1 which can be assembled vertically and horizontally by fitting, wherein the block body 1 comprises a front wall 2 and a rear wall 3. , A concave portion 9 is formed by the side walls 4, 5 and the bottom wall 6, and has two or more legs 7, 8 of the same length protruding downward from the bottom wall 6. The concrete building block has a configuration in which the interval between the end surfaces is equal to the interval between the inner surfaces of the side walls 4 and 5 and the interval between the inner end surfaces of the adjacent legs is equal to the total thickness of the side walls 4 and 5. .

Further, in the above construction, a concrete building block is formed by forming a chamfered portion 10 at any one of the inner upper edge of the concave portion 9 of the block body 1 and the lower edge of the leg.

In each of the above constructions, the length of the legs 7 and 8 is a concrete building block shorter than the height of the inner surface of the recess 9.

In each of the above structures, the leg 7,
8 is a concrete building block provided with a through-hole 1a that opens to the bottom wall 6 of the recess 9.

Further, in each of the above constructions, the present invention is a concrete building block in which a step portion 14 is formed above the front wall 2 and the rear wall 3.

Further, in each of the above constructions, the present invention is a concrete building block in which a U-shaped groove 13 is integrally formed on one of the front wall 2 and the rear wall 3.

Further, in each of the above-described structures, the concrete building block is a concrete building block in which the legs 7 and 8 are shifted from the recess 9 of the block main body 1 either forward or rearward.

The present invention also provides a basic block main body 11 that can be assembled vertically and horizontally by fitting, and the basic block main body 11 includes a front wall 2, a rear wall 3, both side walls 4,
5, a concrete base block having a configuration in which a recess 9 is formed by the bottom wall 6 and a bottom slab 12 protruding from the bottom 6 in a free direction is integrally formed.

Further, in the above configuration, the concave portion 9 is a concrete base block forming an inclination angle θ with respect to the bottom plate portion 12.

Further, in each of the above structures, the bottom plate portion 1
2 is a concrete foundation block in which a U-shaped groove 13 is integrally formed in one of the two.

[0016]

[Construction method 1] A case where a block wall is constructed using the concrete construction block and the concrete foundation block configured as described above will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 11, dig a hole in the ground G and lay a foundation stone S such as split stone.
Base blocks are successively provided on the base block while positioning the blocks in the horizontal and vertical directions, and backfilled with the upper surface exposed. next,
As shown in FIG. 12, the legs 7, 8 of the building block are fitted over the concave portion 9 of the adjacent base block (that is, sandwiching the side wall 4 and the side wall 5 that abut each other) and are continuously provided. Then, the second-stage building blocks are further stacked in the concave portion 9 of the first-stage building block in the same manner as described above, and the block wall is completed in an arbitrary number of valleys.

In this case, when the basic blocks are connected to each other, it is needless to say that the base blocks can be connected via connecting metal fittings in addition to the joints. A vertical reinforcing bar may be inserted through the through-hole 1a, and mortar filling may be performed to further solidify the reinforcing bar.

In order to make the stacked block walls, fences and foundations of the building more attractive, the block body 1 can be a decorative block. For example, as shown in FIG. Various designs can be applied to the outer wall surfaces of the rear wall 2 and the rear wall 3.

As shown in FIGS. 14 and 16, a deformed shade type block 21 having legs 21a and 21b of the same shape as the block body 1 in the concave portion 9 of the top surface of the stacked block wall.
It is also possible to decorate with the use of, or to put in the recess 9 and use it as a planter (not shown), or to install a fence or the like by filling concrete.

In the embodiment in which the U-shaped groove 13 is formed integrally with one of the front wall 2 and the rear wall 3 as shown in FIG. 15, the groove 22 formed continuously along the block wall and the fence is formed. It can be used as a planter as shown in FIG. 16 (a), and can be enjoyed as a water tank by closing both ends of the groove 22 as shown in FIG. 16 (b).

Furthermore, in the case of relatively low stacking, as shown in FIGS. 17A and 17B, soil is inserted into the recess 9 of the top surface of the stacked block wall, and fences, moats, sidewalk stops, and planters are placed. It is also possible to use it as a minus or the like, or to use the individual recesses 9 as water tanks.

When the block wall has an inclined wall structure, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, it is assumed that a base block whose concave portion 9 forms a required inclination angle θ with respect to the bottom plate portion 12 is used.

[0023]

[Construction method 2] Next, an example of construction of a foundation for a building in which another member is added and further reinforced is described. As shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, a step portion 14 is provided inside the upper portion of the front wall 2 and the rear wall 3 of the concave portion 9 of the block body 1 and a through hole 1a is formed in the leg portion so as to open to the bottom wall 6 of the concave portion 9. In this embodiment, a basic block is used in which a building block of the above-described embodiment and a bottom plate portion 17 protruding in a free direction are integrally formed on the bottom of the block body 1 instead of the legs 7 and 8.

As shown in FIG. 19, a groove is dug in the ground G, a foundation stone S such as split stone is laid, a foundation block is placed thereon, and the upper surface is exposed while positioning in the horizontal and vertical directions. Backfill in the state. Next, the basic block is shown in FIG.
Are fitted and stacked in the same manner as in the case of the block wall construction described in the construction method 1 above, and between the step portions 14 formed inside the upper portion of the concave portion 9 of each construction block,
The flange 16 of the base metal fitting 15 shown in FIG.
The mortar is filled and fixed from inside to the inside of the through holes 1a of the legs 7, 8. After that, the bolt part 1 of the base bracket 15
A square bar 19 serving as a base is penetrated through 2 and tightened and fixed with a nut 18.

[0025] This makes it possible to easily construct the foundation of a building that maintains strength, so that it is possible to reduce the materials and man-hours required for the foundation work so far. Although not particularly shown, it is of course possible to form a through hole 11a in the bottom plate portion 12 of the base block so that the base metal member 15 can penetrate from the bottom.

As the building block and the foundation block, various modified construction or foundation blocks are used according to the structure of the wall and the structure of the building. FIGS. 24 (a) and 24 (b) show a plane L-shape, and FIGS.
(F) shows a plane T type, and (G) and (H) show a plane square single-leg correspondence type, respectively.

FIGS. 20A and 20B show an embodiment in which the block body is a long object and four legs are protruded. The connection and stacking in this case are substantially the same as the construction method of the above-described two-legged building block as shown in FIG.

FIG. 21 shows a disassembled state in the case of constructing a gate column by combining a planar square single-legged construction block 37, a foundation block 38 and a shade block 39.

FIG. 22 shows a mode in which the legs 7 and 8 are protruded from the recess 9 of the block body 1 so as to be shifted forward or backward. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 23, the fitting of the legs 7, 8 and the recess 9 is sequentially shifted in phase, so that a step-like stacking is possible.

[0030]

[Construction Method 3] The construction method of the basement according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 25 in the order of steps. (A) The ground is dug by matching the volume and shape of the basement. (B) Build the foundation with chestnut stone etc. (lay chestnut stone in the hole). (C) A horizontal / vertical foundation is laid by combining the basic blocks of the respective modes. (D) Concrete is sequentially filled between the hole dug earlier and the outer wall of the building block while lifting the building block. (E) Pour concrete into the ground surrounded by the foundation blocks. (F) A stepped block is used as the top building block (ceiling height) of the basement, and the ceiling is constructed by the construction method shown in FIGS. (G) Hereinafter, the floor, wall, and interior surfaces will be constructed and completed in a conventional manner.

[0031]

As described above, according to the present invention, the leg provided at the lower part of one block main body 1 straddles the other two block main bodies 1 or the concave portion 9 of the basic block main body 11, The blocks are fitted and firmly adhered to each other on the adjacent surfaces so that they do not easily come off due to the vertical length of the legs, and the stacked block walls or block walls are integrally strengthened three-dimensionally.

Further, in the construction, since the positioning is simple, even an unskilled person can quickly and easily carry out the construction, so that no extra man-hours are required for both the foundation work and the pile-up work, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing the cost. Slope block walls, fences and foundations can be finished with good appearance.

By integrally arranging the U-shaped grooves, in the case of the foundation block, the U-shaped grooves can be simultaneously constructed simply by performing the foundation work, so that the construction period can be significantly shortened, and the piled-up space can be increased. In the case of a building block, it functions as a planter, a water tank, or the like by being used in some stages.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a building block according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal front view of the same embodiment, wherein (a) is a leg portion and (b) is a chamfered inner upper edge.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view of the above embodiment, in which (a) is a leg portion and (b) is a chamfered inner upper edge.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a fitted state of a building block according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a fitted state of a building block according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a basic block according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the same as another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional side view of a base block having an inclination angle according to still another embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a longitudinal side view showing a construction state of a concrete foundation block forming an inclination angle.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of yet another embodiment of a base block integrated with a U-shaped groove.

FIG. 11 is a front view showing a construction state of a foundation block according to the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a front view showing a construction state of a foundation block and a building block according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a designed building block.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a deformed shade block.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a building block integrated with a U-shaped groove.

FIG. 16 is a block wall completed by the present invention in which a building block integrated with a U-shaped groove is piled up on some stages and a deformed shade block is applied to the top surface, and (a) is a planter in the middle stage.
, (B) is a vertical section side view of the tank formed in the middle stage with both ends closed

FIG. 17 is a vertical sectional side view of a state in which a base block and a building block are stacked in two stages, (a) using a recess on the top surface as a planter, and (b) using a water tank.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a building block in which a step is formed at the upper part of a front wall and a rear wall.

FIG. 19 is a vertical cross-sectional front view of the foundation work of a building using the same building block.

FIG. 20 shows a fitted state of a long building block in which four legs are protruded, (a) is a construction state fitted between central legs, and (b) is fitted between offset legs. Each longitudinal front view of the combined construction state

FIG. 21 is an exploded perspective view in the case of constructing a gate post by stacking planar square single-legged building blocks.

FIG. 22 is a perspective view of a building block in which a leg is shifted to one side with respect to a concave portion of the block main body and protruded.

FIG. 23 is a vertical sectional side view of a staircase constructed by the same block.

FIG. 24 shows each mode of a modified building block and a modified basic block. FIG.
Is a plane L-shaped basic block, (c) is a plane cruciform building block, (d) is a plane cruciform basic block, (e) is a plane T-shaped building block, (f) is a plane T-shaped basic block,
(G) is a perspective view of a flat square single-legged building block, and (H) is a perspective view of a flat square single-legged basic block.

25A and 25B show a construction method of a basement, and FIG. 25A is a perspective view of an assembly process, and FIG.

FIG. 26 is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view showing a construction state of a conventional foundation work.

FIG. 27 is a schematic front view showing a construction state of a conventional block wall.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Block main body 1a Through hole 2 Front wall 3 Rear wall 4 Side wall 5 Side wall 6 Bottom wall 7 Leg 8 Leg 9 Depression 10 Chamfer 11 Base block main body 11a Through hole 12 Bottom plate 13 U-shaped groove 14 Step 15 Base metal fitting DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 16 Collar part 17 Screw part 18 Nut 19 Square bar 20 Fixed vertical reinforcing bar 21 Deformed cap type block 21a Leg 21b Leg 22 Groove 23 Formwork 24 Foundation 25 Projection 26 Vertical reinforcing bar 27 Block 28 Vertical joint 29 Horizontal joint 30 Concrete 31 Plane L-type building block 32 plane L-type basic block 33 plane cross-type building block 34 plane cross-type basic block 35 plane T-type building block 36 plane T-type basic block 37 plane square single-legged building block 38 plane square single-leg type Foundation block 39 Flat square single-legged cap block S Foundation stone G Ground θ Bevel

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A block main body which can be assembled in up, down, left and right directions by fitting, the block main body being a front wall,
The rear wall, both side walls, and the bottom wall form a recess, and have two or more legs of equal length projecting downward from the bottom wall. A concrete building block, characterized in that the distance between the inner end faces of the adjacent leg portions is equal to the distance between the inner side surfaces of the adjacent leg portions and the total thickness of the both side walls. 2. A chamfered portion is formed at one of an inner upper edge of a concave portion of the block main body and a lower edge of a leg portion.
The described concrete building block. 3. The concrete building block according to claim 1, wherein the length of the leg is shorter than the height of the inner surface of the recess. 4. A through-hole 1a opened in the bottom of the recess in the leg.
The concrete building block according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: 5. The concrete building block according to claim 1, wherein a step is formed at an upper portion of the front wall and the rear wall. 6. The concrete building block according to claim 1, wherein a U-shaped groove is integrally formed on one of the front wall and the rear wall. 7. The concrete building block according to claim 1, wherein the leg portion is provided so as to be shifted forward or rearward with respect to the concave portion of the block main body. 8. A base block main body which can be assembled vertically and horizontally by fitting, wherein the basic block main body has a recess formed by a front wall, a rear wall, both side walls, and a bottom wall, and a free direction is formed on a bottom portion. A concrete foundation block characterized by integrally forming a bottom slab protruding from a base plate. 9. The concrete foundation block according to claim 8, wherein the recess forms an inclination angle with respect to the bottom slab. 10. The concrete foundation block according to claim 8, wherein a U-shaped groove is formed integrally with one of the bottom slabs.