JPH11339150A - Fire detector using image processing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make a fire and the fire position inexpensively and precisely detectable through the use of a projector device lighting a specified part of space in a fire detector for judging the fire by processing the image information of smoke photographed by a camera. SOLUTION: The projector device 3 lighting a specific part of a space 1 to be monitored and the camera 2 for picking up the image of the space are arranged. The occurrence of the fire is judged and the fire position is detected by comparing information on a positional relation between the projector device 3 and the camera 2 and information on the image with a state at a normal time by an image processor 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an image processing for detecting the occurrence of a fire together with a location in a place having a space with a clear view, such as a stadium, a building, a maintenance yard, a warehouse, a tunnel or a conference room. It relates to the fire detection device used.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, this type of fire detection device has
There is a type in which a plurality (for example, 50) of sensors (sensors) are installed near a ceiling at a predetermined distance (for example, 7 m).
Some cameras use a camera or the like, but most of them require control of parameters of the imaging apparatus including pan, tilt, and zoom to detect a fire occurrence position.

[0003]

As in the prior art, a fire detection device in which a large number of detectors are installed near the ceiling requires space and equipment for installation, maintenance is complicated, and costs are high. Problem. Also,
Even when an imaging device is used, a camera that can control parameters such as pan, tilt, and zoom is required to detect the fire position.In addition, an effective monitoring range is available during parameter control. There is a problem of narrowing.
Furthermore, since it is not easy to distinguish the smoke from the background image, there is a problem that it is difficult to accurately detect the fire at low cost.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to use image processing capable of detecting the occurrence of a fire together with the location of a fire in a place having a space where visibility is effective. An object of the present invention is to provide a fire detection device.

[0005]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as shown in FIG.
, A light projecting device 3 that illuminates a specific portion, an image capturing device 2 that captures an image of the space 1, information about the positional relationship between the image capturing device 2 and the light projecting device 3, and the angle of a beam from the light projecting device 3. Image processing device 4 that performs image processing of a captured image using the same
The method is characterized in that the fire can be detected together with its position from a change state of the image due to the generation of smoke accompanying the fire. In the first aspect of the present invention, the shape of the beam from the light projecting device 3 can be linear in order to simplify the calculation of the image processing (the second aspect of the invention), or
In order to efficiently monitor a wide range, the beam shape from the light projecting device 3 can be made planar (the invention of claim 3). In addition, by irradiating a plurality of beams so as to cause an overlap to enhance a smoke image at a position of interest in the space, detection sensitivity and detection accuracy at the position can be improved. ).

[0006] By providing a device for reflecting or refracting a beam, or by combining such a device or a light projecting device with an ordinary lighting fixture, the installation position can be made a place where maintenance is easy. In addition, scanning of the beam, blinking of the beam, and image processing can be linked to increase the monitoring range or improve accuracy by eliminating the influence of external light. As long as the beam can be picked up by the image pickup device, a beam that is invisible to human eyes, such as infrared light, can be used, or can be limited to a specific wavelength by using a light source or filter having a single wavelength.

[0007]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a space to be monitored, 2 is a camera as an imaging device, 3 is a light emitting device, 4 is an image processing device, and 5 is a display device. The beam from the light projecting device 3 is radiated to the space 1 to be monitored, and the image from the camera 2 is given to the image processing device 4, and the processing as shown in FIG. 2 is performed, for example. First, in step S1, an image is input, and in step S2, pre-processing including image smoothing and normalization is performed. In step S3, an operation on pixel information is performed using an image pattern characteristic of a beam shape generated from information (arrangement information) on the positional relationship between the imaging device 2 and the light projecting device 3 and the angle of the beam from the light projecting device. Then, the degree of smoke generation and the position in the space are detected by comparing the values with the normal values. Step S3 can include a process of calculating a plurality of images photographed at short time intervals to emphasize the features of the images. If it is determined in step S4 that a fire has occurred based on the degree of smoke generation and its temporal change, the display device 5 notifies the user of the degree of smoke generation and positional information.

As described above, according to the present invention, scattered light is generated by irradiating smoke emitted from a fire with a beam from the light projecting device 3 so that the smoke can be easily distinguished from a background image and the beam shape is characterized. The image processing unit 4 performs image processing on the captured image and the angle and position information of the beam, and when the image is different from the normal image, it is possible to determine that a fire has occurred, and from the position of the smoke. It detects the fire position.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an embodiment in which the beam shape is linear, and FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of detecting the position of an image and smoke after preprocessing in this embodiment. is there. An image due to the scattered light generated where the linear beam passes through the smoke appears in a linear area corresponding to the position of the beam on the camera image, so that the image of the smoke is limited to correspond to the beam. The position of the rising smoke in the space is obtained from the information on the position of the beam in the space only by knowing which part of the line segment is located by image processing.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an embodiment in the case where the beam shape is planar, and FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of detecting the position of the image and smoke after preprocessing in this embodiment. is there. In this example, a flat beam from the light projecting device 3 irradiates the space to be monitored obliquely from the upper back to the lower front toward the camera 2. If the image due to the scattered light generated at the place where smoke passes through the plane beam is known by image processing, the geometric calculation will be used to calculate the position of the rising smoke in the space. A position is required.

FIG. 7 is a structural view showing an embodiment in which beams from a plurality of directions are irradiated so as to cause overlap, and FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the principle of detecting the position of an image and smoke after preprocessing in the present embodiment. By arranging the beam overlapping part in the space to be monitored, especially in the area of interest, the scattered light due to the smoke can be generated strongly, so that the state of the smoke in the local part is distinguished from the surroundings Appears on the camera image as a clear image. That is, in addition to monitoring smoke in the entire space, it is possible to more accurately check the state of smoke in an arbitrary local region in the space.

[0012]

According to the present invention, scattered light is generated by irradiating smoke emitted from a fire with a beam from a light projecting device, and an image characteristic of the beam shape is generated. Since the position can be detected and the accuracy of the fire judgment is improved by easily distinguishing the smoke image from the background image, the number of installed fire detectors can be significantly reduced as compared with the case where a plurality of fire detectors or the like are used. In addition, since the position of the smoke can be detected without controlling the camera parameters including pan, tilt, and zoom, the facility cost can be significantly reduced while constantly monitoring a wide range,
The advantage that the maintenance is remarkably easy is obtained.
Furthermore, by scanning or using a plurality of beams, it is possible to know the approximate distribution of smoke in the space, including its temporal change, and to display it as support information for evacuation guidance. Also, there are advantages.

Further, when the beam shape is linear as in the second aspect of the present invention, the calculation in the image processing apparatus can be simplified, so that the fire can be performed without using an expensive and high-performance processing apparatus. Can be detected. Further, when the beam shape is planar as in the invention of claim 3, a wide range can be uniformly monitored. Furthermore, in the case of irradiating beams from a plurality of directions so as to cause overlap as in the invention of claim 4, in addition to monitoring the entire space, an arbitrary local area in the space to be monitored mainly , The detection sensitivity and the detection accuracy can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a fire detection device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a processing operation of the image processing apparatus of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 space to be monitored 2 camera (imaging device) 3 light emitting device 4 image processing device 5 display device

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A light emitting device that illuminates a specific portion of a space, an image capturing device that captures an image of the space, information on a positional relationship between the image capturing device and the light emitting device, and an angle of a beam from the light emitting device. A fire detection device using image processing, comprising: an image processing device that performs image processing of a captured image using the image processing device, wherein the fire and its position can be detected from a change state of the image due to the generation of smoke accompanying the fire. . 2. The fire detecting apparatus using image processing according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the beam from the light projecting device is linear. 3. The fire detecting device using image processing according to claim 1, wherein the beam from the light projecting device has a planar shape. 4. The fire detecting apparatus using image processing according to claim 1, wherein the beam from the light projecting device is radiated simultaneously so as to overlap from a plurality of directions.