JPH11300327A - Garbage non-residue treatment system equipped with solar hot water heater, and sludge composting treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a non-residue treatment system and composing treatment system in which purifying treatment of garbage or sludge using intentionally given microorganisms can be effectively and easily performed and also the garbage is heated using solar heat of low energy cost and thereby strains or thermophilic bacteria and/or photonutritive bacteria by which garbage can be non-residue treated can be activated. SOLUTION: A garbage fertilizing treatment system 40 equipped with a solar water heater is provided with a solar water heating device 42 for obtaining hot water by sunlight, a hot water tank 44 for storing the hot water obtained by the solar water heating device 42, a fermenting decomposition device 46 in which strains which are those that can be non-residue treated, for example, those having property of being activated at a temperature of 50 deg.C or more and garbage are fed and mixed, and are cared for a prescribed period of time while feeding air, thereby the garbage is fermented and decomposed, and a controller for selectively introducing the hot water stored in the hot water tank 44 into the fermenting decomposition device 46 to enable heating a mixture of the strains and garbage to a temperature of about 50 deg.C or more at which the strains is activated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to garbage or sludge discharged from restaurants and ordinary households (in this specification, general waste such as human waste, garbage, meat pieces discharged from factories, sludge, etc.). Industrial wastes such as animal dung are collectively referred to as "sludge"). A garbage-free residue treatment system equipped with a solar water heater and a solar water heater equipped with a solar water heater for purifying and fermenting and decomposing the waste by the action of bacteria. The present invention relates to a sludge composting treatment system.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, purification treatments for purifying garbage or sludge using the decomposing ability of microorganisms have been performed. However, when they are roughly classified, substantially all garbage is fermented and decomposed to remove residues. It can be divided into a residue-free treatment system that does not leave it, and a composting treatment system that leaves organic matter and composts it and reuses it as agricultural fertilizer. The former includes certain soil microorganisms such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Nitrobacte.
r), Nitoromonas, Fiavobacterium, Micrococ
cus), Achrobacter, Candida, Endomycopsis,
Methanobacter, enzymes, yeast, etc. About 30
There are strains from different types of bacteria. In the case of such a strain, substantially all garbage such as meat, fish, cereals, and vegetables is fermented and decomposed. As the latter, a method using thermophilic bacteria has been proposed. Thermophiles grow in principle at temperatures higher than the temperature range in which normal room temperature microorganisms grow, and they not only decompose organic matter, but also heat pathogens and harmful parasite eggs in sludge to high temperatures. It can be inactivated by exposure.

As a specific treatment process, fermentation is initiated by bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes which grow at relatively low temperatures among various microorganisms inhabiting the sludge, and these fermentations proceed in the composting process. At the same time, the cells rapidly proliferate, and at the same time, the temperature rises to 30 to 60 ° C. due to the heat of decomposition of organic substances. At this time, yeasts, molds, nitric acid bacteria, etc., which are sensitive to temperature, die. When the temperature rises, the thermophile added intentionally begins to proliferate, and the fermentation heat further increases, inactivating most of pathogenic bacteria, diseased eggs, harmful insect eggs, viruses, and weed seeds, and is harmless to humans and animals. It becomes something. By using not only normal thermophiles but also thermophiles with particularly high thermophilicity such as biocolonies and bioheats (both manufactured by Biospecial Co., Ltd.) It is possible to raise and ferment. By using thermophiles in this way, fermentation at higher temperatures becomes possible, and therefore the treatment time can be significantly reduced as compared to natural fermentation, and the purification and stabilization of sludge can be further enhanced. There is such a merit.

[0004] There is also a method utilizing phototrophic bacteria as microorganisms. Specifically, a product in which phototrophic bacteria are immobilized on a carrier is added to the target (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-111694).
And an apparatus for processing an object by mixing the bacteria immobilized on a carrier into a pipe-shaped processing tube device (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-224592). Here, “phototrophic bacteria” generally refer to photosynthetic bacteria (Photosynthet bacteria).
Bacteria called "ic bacteria", "Be
rgey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology8th edi
(1974), according to the classification established in Phototrophic bacteria. Specific examples thereof include, but are not particularly limited to, Rhodospirillaceae including Rhodospirillum, Rhodopseudomonas, and Rhodomicrobium; Chromatiaceae including Chromatium; Chlorobiaceae including Chlorbium alone; Or a mixture of two or more. In addition, only the phototrophic bacteria are eaten by the predatory bacteria in the treatment tank, and in order to maintain the treatment efficiency at a predetermined level, it is necessary to replenish the phototrophic bacteria during the treatment, which is inconvenient. A "carrier" for immobilizing the phototrophic bacteria therein can be used by adding it at a predetermined ratio to the phototrophic bacteria. As such a "carrier", porous particles are preferable in terms of a high fixation rate of phototrophic bacteria, and more specifically, perlite, vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, and porous ceramics are preferable. Tubes filled with a carrier containing immobilized phototrophic bacteria in addition to porous particles, sodium alginate and / or
Alternatively, a hydrogel-like carrier such as calcium alginate can also be used as a preferred carrier.

[0005]

However, among the above-mentioned conventional purification treatments, in the case of a strain capable of treating garbage without residue, the temperature of the mixture of the strain and the garbage is not raised to about 50 ° C. or more. In this case, it takes a long time until the strain is not activated and the garbage is purified. In addition, because of the strong fermentation odor, modern urban houses have a drawback that it is difficult to adopt them due to the surrounding environment. On the other hand, treatment using thermophilic bacteria or phototrophic bacteria capable of composting sludge has no problem, and is regarded as a promising new purification method. However, as described above, thermophilic bacteria and / or phototrophic bacteria are activated only by 6
It is a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher, and until reaching such a temperature, it depends on the fermentation heat of bacteria such as bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes growing at relatively low temperature among various microorganisms living in sludge. However, it has the same problem as a strain that can process garbage without residues. In particular, in cold regions, the sludge is cooled during transportation, and thermophilic bacteria or phototrophic bacteria are activated.
It is pointed out that it is difficult to reach a temperature of 0 ° C. or higher. Therefore, there has been a strong demand for establishing a system for efficiently realizing treatment using such microorganisms. The present invention has been developed in response to the above-mentioned demands, and a residue-free treatment system and a composting treatment system capable of efficiently and easily purifying garbage or sludge using microorganisms intentionally provided. The purpose is to provide. The present invention also provides a method of heating using solar heat, which is clean and low in energy cost, thereby activating bacteria or thermophilic bacteria and / or phototrophic bacteria capable of processing garbage without residues. It is an object to provide a residue treatment system and a composting treatment system.
In the present invention, when a substance which is activated at about room temperature depending on the type of the strain is used, the object can be achieved without setting the temperature to 50 ° C. or more.

[0006]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention according to the first aspect of the present invention is directed to a solar water heater for obtaining hot water from sunlight and a hot water for storing hot water obtained by the solar water heater. A water tank, a bacterial strain capable of treating garbage without residue and having a property of being activated at a predetermined temperature or higher, and the garbage are charged and mixed, and cured by supplying air for a predetermined period of time. A fermentation decomposer that ferments and decomposes garbage, and selectively introduces hot water stored in a hot water tank into the fermentation decomposer and heats a mixture of strains and garbage to a temperature above a predetermined temperature at which the strains are activated. The present invention provides a residue-free treatment system for garbage provided with a solar water heater comprising a control device.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for processing residue-free garbage provided with the solar water heater according to the first aspect, wherein the hot water tank keeps the hot water stored therein at a predetermined temperature. It is characterized by having auxiliary heating means by other energy such as electricity, gas, fossil energy to be held.

[0008] The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1 or 2.
In the garbage-free residue treatment system equipped with a solar water heater according to the above, the fermentation decomposer is equipped with a crusher that promotes fermentation decomposition by sufficiently pulverizing the input garbage and sufficiently mixing with the bacterial strain. It is characterized by having.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for residue-free treatment of garbage provided with the solar water heater according to any one of the first to third aspects. And a water-regulating material that absorbs water and makes the water content of the mixture of the bacterial strain and the garbage suitable for fermentation and decomposition.

A second aspect of the present invention is a solar water heater for obtaining hot water from sunlight, a hot water tank for storing hot water obtained by the solar water heater, a thermophilic bacterium capable of composting sludge, And / or selectively feed and mix phototrophic bacteria and sludge, fermentation and decomposer for fermenting and decomposing sludge by curing while supplying air for a predetermined period, and selectively use hot water stored in a hot water tank. Introduced into fermentation decomposition equipment,
Composting of sludge provided with a solar water heater comprising a control device capable of heating a mixture of thermophilic bacteria and / or phototrophic bacteria and sludge to a predetermined temperature or higher to activate the bacteria. Provide a processing system.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of a residue-free treatment system for garbage provided with a solar water heater and a sludge composting treatment system provided with a solar water heater according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. Will be described. FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of one embodiment of a garbage-free residue treatment system provided with a solar water heater according to the present invention, and FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a central vertical sectional view, a right side sectional view, and a central horizontal sectional view of a fermentation decomposition apparatus used in the residue-free treatment system of FIG. 1. Residue-free treatment system 40 according to the present invention
Schematically, a solar water heater 42 for obtaining hot water by sunlight, a hot water tank 44 for storing the hot water obtained by the solar water heater 42, and a bacterial strain capable of treating food waste without residue. A fermentation decomposer 46 for fermenting and decomposing garbage by feeding and mixing a bacterial strain having the property of being activated at a temperature of 50 ° C. or more and garbage and curing while supplying air for a predetermined period; and A control device 48 for selectively introducing the hot water stored in the hot water tank 44 into the fermentation decomposition apparatus to heat the mixture of the strain and the garbage to a temperature of 50 ° C. or higher at which the strain is activated. It is comprised including. Depending on the type of the strain, the temperature at which it is activated can of course be 50 ° C. or lower.

[0012] As mentioned above, the bacterial strains capable of treating garbage without residue include Bacillus, Pseudomonas, and Nitrobacter.
), Nitoromonas, Fiavobacterium, Micrococ
cus), Achrobacter, Candida, Endomycopsis, Methanobacter, enzymes, yeasts, etc. There are about 30 types of strains.

As the above-mentioned solar water heater 42 and the hot water tank 44, various types which will be developed in the future can be used in addition to general-purpose ones which are commercially available. Although the illustrated solar water heater 42 is mounted on the top of a frame body 50 in which frame members are assembled, it can be of course installed on a roof of a house or any other location where the sunshine is good and out of the way. The hot water tank 44 does not necessarily need to be installed adjacent to the solar hot water device 42, and may be installed at any place, for example, inside the fermentation decomposition device 46.
Solar water heater 42, hot water tank 44, and hot water tank 44
And the fermentation cracker 46 are fluidly connected by a suitable pipe 52. In the illustrated preferred embodiment, a pair of hot water is stored in the hot water tank 44 so as to circulate and use the hot water. The hot water tank 44 is preferably provided with an auxiliary heating device using other energy such as electricity, gas, and fossil energy for maintaining the hot water stored therein at a predetermined temperature. This makes it possible to effectively use the residue-free treatment system even when the weather is irregular. In addition, the electricity can be used at night to reduce costs.

The fermentation / decomposition device 46 has a housing 46 having a generally horizontal shape of a washing machine.
a, a fermentation / decomposition tank 46b housed inside the housing 46a, a rotating shaft 46c extending horizontally substantially at the center of the fermentation / decomposition tank 46b, a number of crushing blades 46d fixed to the rotating shaft 46c, and a rotating shaft 46c. And a drive mechanism 46e including a sprocket, a chain, and a motor for rotationally driving the heat exchange pipes 4 and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 4 fixed to the bottom outside of the fermentation decomposition tank 46b so as to extend in the axial direction.
6f. The fermentation / decomposition device 46 also supplies air to the mixture of the bacterial strain and the garbage for a predetermined period of time, and an air supply duct 46g including an air supply duct and an air supply fan for fermenting and decomposing the garbage. Exhaust mechanism that includes an exhaust duct and an exhaust fan for exhausting carbon dioxide and moisture (steam) generated by the fermentation from the fermentation decomposition tank 46b.
And is installed. For the heat exchange tube 46f and the fermentation decomposition tank 46b, for example, a metal material having good heat conductivity is used so that heat exchange is easily performed. Heat exchange tube 46f
It is preferable to dispose a heat insulating material such as glass wool around the periphery. Near the center of the upper surface of the housing 46a,
An openable and closable door 46j for putting garbage into the fermentation decomposition apparatus 46 is provided. In the fermentation decomposition tank 46b,
A moisture-regulating material that regulates the water content of the garbage so that the mixture of the strain and the garbage has the optimal moisture (humidity) for fermentation and decomposition.
For example, it is preferable to supply fine pieces of charcoal.
The moisture-regulating material contains the grown strain, and the strain has a life of about two years. Therefore, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to feed the strain every fermentation treatment.

In the preferred embodiment shown, the fermentation cracker 46b is a rectangular parallelepiped box with a semi-cylindrical bottom, but of course can be of various other shapes. The feature of the present invention is that around the bottom of the fermentation decomposition tank 46b,
A plurality of heat exchange tubes 46f are arranged.
The point is that the hot water heated by the solar hot water device 42 and stored in the hot water tank 44 is supplied through the pipe 52. As a result, the mixture of the bacterial strain and the garbage (including charcoal as a moisture regulator) stored in the fermentation / decomposition tank 46b is warmed to 50 ° C. or higher where the activation of the bacterial strain proceeds. The mixture of the bacterial strain and the garbage stored in the fermentation decomposition tank 46b is pulverized and mixed by driving the driving mechanism 46e to rotate the rotating shaft 46c and, consequently, the pulverizing blade 46d at a high speed. The ON / OFF of the driving mechanism 46e and the supply of the hot water to the heat exchange pipe 46f are performed by the control device 4 installed at an arbitrary place, for example, the upper surface of the housing 46a.
This can be done with a control box with a built-in 8. In the present invention, since substantially all the garbage is fermented and decomposed by the strain, no residue remains in principle in the fermentation decomposition tank 46b. However, some strains, such as synthetic resin, inorganic substances, and wood, which cannot be fermented and decomposed, are mixed in, and accordingly, there is a possibility that such substances are deposited in the fermentation decomposition tank 46b. Therefore, in order to discharge such foreign matter from the fermentation decomposition tank 46b, the fermentation decomposition tank 4
An outlet (not shown) may be provided on the side surface or the bottom surface of 6b.

Next, an embodiment of a composting treatment system using thermophilic bacteria and / or phototrophic bacteria capable of composting sludge will be described. FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an overall configuration of a sludge composting treatment system provided with a solar water heater, FIG. 4 is a front view thereof, FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part thereof, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view of another embodiment of the deflector device used in the composting treatment system, FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section of a curing container used in the composting treatment system, and FIG. 8 is a composting device shown in FIG. It is an outline figure for explaining an operation between each component of a fermentation control device used for a processing system. In the sludge composting treatment system provided with the solar water heater according to the present invention, any of the thermophilic bacteria or phototrophic bacteria described above may be used alone or in combination. In addition, since only the bacteria are eaten by the predators in the treatment tank and cause a decrease in treatment efficiency, preferably, a carrier for fixing the bacteria therein, such as perlite,
Porous particles such as vermiculite, diatomaceous earth, activated carbon, and porous ceramics can be added to the bacteria at a predetermined ratio and used. In the illustrated embodiment, an example using a thermophilic bacterium is shown.

First, an outline of the composting treatment system and its treatment method will be described, and then each device in the system will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the composting treatment system mixes the sludge brought in from the truck 1 with the fermentation decomposition area B for curing or fermenting and decomposing the sludge, and producing the bacterial mixed sludge to obtain the bacterial mixed sludge. A sludge treatment facility A including a region C is provided. The sludge treatment facility A is constructed in a building F drawn by a dashed line. As shown,
The fermentation decomposition area B and the fungus mixed sludge production area C
1 and a necessary deodorizing / odor leak preventing means is provided for each area. It eliminates the generation and leakage of off-flavors to the surroundings, and completely eliminates the problem of odor, which is a major factor in this type of sludge treatment facility, which is a major factor in the opposition to the residents.

The sludge carried to the fungus-mixed sludge production area C is:
The sludge is introduced into the sludge receiving device 2 from the tank 1 a of the truck 1, transferred to the mixer 3 by the belt conveyor 6, and roughly mixed with a return material described later in the mixer 3. Since the return material already contains thermophilic bacteria, a sufficient amount of inoculum is given to the sludge by coarse mixing with the return material (the sludge mixed with the thermophilic bacteria in the mixer 3 as described above). Is referred to as bacterial mixed sludge. The bacteria-mixed sludge is then conveyed to a bacteria-mixing and crushing device 4, where the bacteria-mixed sludge is finely crushed and mixed so as to come into contact with thermophilic bacteria evenly. Next, the bacteria-mixed sludge is transferred via the belt conveyor 12 to any one of the curing containers 14a of the curing container building 14 arranged in the fermentation decomposition area B. The bacteria-mixed sludge is retained in each curing container 14a for a curing period of a predetermined number of days (for example, two days), during which the sludge is fermented and decomposed by the action of thermophilic bacteria.

The treated sludge after the curing period is transferred to the belt conveyor 15 from the bottom of each curing container 14a, and further, the treated sludge conveyed by the plurality of belt conveyors 15 is collected and transferred to the bacteria mixed sludge production area C side. The sludge is returned to the bacteria-mixed sludge production area C by the conveyor belt 17. In the fungus-mixed sludge production area C, the treated sludge is first returned to the classifier 8 (the treated sludge put into the mixer 3 is called a returned material. The same applies hereinafter) and the treated product (treated sludge). Of these, those that are shipped as compost are referred to as processed products. The processed product is transferred to the processed product carrying-out device 9 and used as fertilizer for agricultural products. On the other hand, the return material is placed on the belt conveyor 6 measured by the measuring device 10, and the sludge receiving device 2
Is transferred to the post-mixer 3 together with the new sludge from, and is roughly mixed with the new sludge. Thereafter, similar operations are continuously performed. In addition, the above-mentioned returned material mainly plays a role of adjusting the moisture even if there is variation in the moisture of the newly introduced sludge, that is, functions as a moisture adjusting material, and greatly helps the subsequent fermentation. Further, by re-feeding the returning material, it is not necessary to newly feed the inoculum for a predetermined period (a period during which the bacteria can continue to divide and survive). The amount of the returning material can be adjusted so that its water content becomes 50% or more, preferably about 55% in a state of being mixed with the newly-input sludge, and the subsequent sludge fermentation is promptly promoted. be able to.

In the preferred embodiment shown,
A part of the treated sludge conveyed by the belt conveyors 15 and 17 or a part of the return material measured by the weighing device 10 is put into one of the storage containers 20a of the storage container building 20 by the belt conveyor 19 and stored. It is configured to be. The treated sludge stored in the storage container 20a is dropped on the belt conveyor 22 at any time as needed from the bottom thereof, and a belt conveyor that conveys the treated sludge from the curing container building 14 via the belt conveyor 22. 17 on. The treated sludge placed on the belt conveyor 17 is sent to the classification device 8 through a normal operation, and repeats the flow described above.

Next, each apparatus in the fungus-mixed sludge production area C will be described in detail. In the fungus-mixed sludge production area C, roughly, a sludge receiving device 2, a mixer 3, a fungus-mixed crushing device 4,
A classification device 8, a processed product unloading device 9, and a weighing device 10 are provided. The truck 1 entering and exiting the fungus-mixed sludge production area C has a tank 1a for storing sludge to be treated. The tank 1a may have any shape as long as the sludge can be transported in a sealed state. The sludge receiving device 2 is formed in a hopper shape, and is capable of storing a predetermined amount of sludge therein through an open upper surface thereof. A discharge port (not shown) is formed at a lower edge portion of the sludge receiving device 2 on the mixer 3 side, and a measuring device capable of measuring a predetermined amount of sludge and discharging the sludge to the mixer 3 side is formed at the discharge port. A weighing device similar to 10 can be installed. In this way, by accurately measuring the amount of the new sludge from the sludge receiving device 2 and the amount of the returning material from the measuring device 10, the mixing ratio of the water and bacteria of the sludge supplied to the mixer 3 is desired. Has the advantage that it can be accurately controlled to the value of

The mixer 3 has a cylindrical shape, and is arranged so as to be inclined downward from the sludge input side to the discharge side. Axial blades (not shown) are fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the mixer 3. When the mixer 3 is driven to rotate,
The sludge is scooped up by the blades, lifted upward, and falls to the bottom when a predetermined angle is reached. The mixer 3 is also provided with an inlet 3a and an outlet (not shown). The mixer 3 receives the sludge from the sludge receiving device 2 and the return material from the separation device 8 through the input port 3a, coarsely mixes the sludge and the return material by rotating the internal axial blades, and performs the rotation. And is discharged toward the outlet through the outlet.

As shown in FIG. 5, the bacteria mixing and crushing device 4
A cylindrical mixing drum 4a is rotatably supported on a base via a rotation support device 4b at a low speed. Side plates 4c, 4c are attached to both side surfaces of the mixing drum 4a. One side plate 4c is provided with an inlet (not shown) for taking in sludge and thermophilic bacteria, and the other side plate 4c is provided with an outlet 4d for taking out mixed bacterial sludge. I have. On the inner periphery of the mixing drum 4a, a number of scooping fins formed of long thin plate pieces in the longitudinal direction are formed so as to be inclined with respect to the inner periphery so as to scoop up the sludge at the rotation-up side position. ing. Then, the sludge is scooped up by the rotation of the mixing drum 4a. The scooping fins are formed so as to be inclined downward from the inlet side to the outlet 4d side in a state where the scooping fins are at the rotation-up side position, and the sludge is sequentially rotated to use the outlet 4d by using the inclination. It moves continuously to the side. A supply port for taking in air or thermophilic bacteria is provided in the upper part of the side plate 4c on the intake side. A rotary drive shaft 4e is provided inside the mixing drum 4a, and a number of rotary blades are attached to the rotary drive shaft 4e.
By rotating the rotary drive shaft 4e at a high speed, the rotating blades rotate at a high speed, and the sludge is pulverized in a cut shape.

The bacteria mixed sludge discharged from the outlet 4d is
After being lifted along the main line 12b of the belt conveyor 12 to the level of the curing container building 14, it is transported to a predetermined curing container building 14 by a plurality of belt conveyor units arranged in a stacked manner. A branch line 12a is connected to the main line 12b at a right angle for each curing container building 14. Main line 12b and each branch line 1
A deflector device 16 is installed on each curing container 14a of the connection part with 2a and the branch line 12a. Each of the deflector devices 16 transfers the bacteria-mixed sludge placed on the belt conveyor from the main line 12b to a desired branch line 12.
a or from the branch line 12a to the desired curing container 14a. In the preferred embodiment shown, such a deflector device 16 comprises a shaft member 16 driven by a motor (not shown).
b and a deflector plate 16 fixed to the shaft member 16b.
a. The deflector plate 16a
Usually, a part of the fences installed on both sides of the belt conveyor 12 is configured to suppress the bacteria-mixed sludge from falling to the side. When the deflector plate 16a moves on the belt conveyor 12 by the rotation of the motor, the bacteria-mixed sludge conveyed by the belt conveyor 12 is
The traveling direction is bent at a right angle by the deflector plate 16a.

Thus, the empty curing container 14a
So that a predetermined amount of bacteria-mixed sludge is supplied to the main line 1
2b and each branch line 12a and the branch line 1
The deflector device 16 installed on each curing container 14a of 2a is operated in order. Thereby, the desired curing container 14a of the desired curing container building 14 is sequentially filled with the bacteria-mixed sludge. In the illustrated preferred embodiment, a pair of left and right deflector devices 16 are installed on each curing container 14a of the branch line 12a.
Thereby, the bacteria mixed sludge can be evenly filled in each curing container 14a.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the deflector device installed on each curing container 14a of the branch line 12a. The deflector device 18 includes an actuator 18a and a pivot rod 18 rotatably mounted on a side wall of the curing container 14a via a pivot 18b.
and a deflector plate 18d fixed to the tip of the rotating rod 18c. The actuator 18a is mounted between a predetermined position of the beam 14b and a predetermined position of the rotating rod 18c, which are hung on both side walls of the curing container 14a. When the actuator 18a is driven by a control device (not shown), the deflector device 18 moves to a position indicated by a solid line in FIG. 6 (a state in which the deflector device deflects the mixed bacteria sludge from the belt conveyor 12 into the curing container 14a). It moves between the position indicated by the dashed line (the state where the deflector device is not operated). When the deflector plate 18d is placed at the position indicated by the solid line adjacent to the branch line 12a, the bacteria-mixed sludge placed on the branch line 12a is deflected by being obstructed by the sludge, and is dropped into the curing container 14a below. You.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the curing container 14a. As shown, the curing container 14a includes:
Inclined bottom walls 14b, 14 whose bottoms are generally V-shaped
c, and a rectangular outlet 14d is formed at the lowermost portion. A measuring device 25 that measures and discharges the treated sludge by a predetermined amount at an outlet 14d is installed. The weighing device 25 is generally a cylindrical shaft portion 25a.
And a plurality of plates 25b fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 25a continuously in the axial direction and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and a driving device (not shown).
The treated sludge that has been fermented and decomposed in the curing container 14a is accommodated in a region (A to C in the drawing) formed by a pair of adjacent plates 25b and rotated. Fall on. By intermittently driving the driving device or changing its speed, the amount of treated sludge discharged by the metering device 25 can be freely adjusted.

As shown in FIG. 7, inside the curing container 14a, as a member mainly related to fermentation, a heat retaining pipe 14e for circulating hot water for regulating the internal temperature, and a fermentation treatment of sludge and bacteria. An air supply pipe 14f is provided for uniformly feeding air in order to promote the air flow. Further, each curing container 14a or each curing container building 14 has a steam discharge pipe 2 for discharging steam to the outside.
7a, When a phototrophic bacterium is used instead of or together with a thermophilic bacterium, a lighting device (not shown) for irradiating light desired by the phototrophic bacterium is installed. A sensor (not shown) is provided on the side surface of each curing container 14a for grasping the state of the temperature and internal pressure inside the container from the start stage to the end stage of the fermentation process and outputting it to an external processing device. Installed.

The fermentation control device 29 is provided for each curing container 14.
a or the steam discharge pipe 27a from each curing container building 14, and the steam is condensed into condensed water in the fermentation control device 29. As shown in FIG. 8, the fermentation control device 29 includes a substantially rectangular parallelepiped housing 29a. In the housing 29a, a steam reservoir 29 is provided.
b, a sprinkling heat exchange unit 29c, a water discharge chamber 29d, a water storage unit 29e, and an air reservoir 29f. The steam from the curing container 14a is supplied from the steam discharge pipe 27a to the steam reservoir 29 via a steam pipe 29g.
b. A heat exchange air pipe 29h is arranged in a zigzag manner in the steam reservoir 29b. The air that has entered from the open end of the replacement air pipe 29h is
Heat is exchanged at the position 9b to become warm and dry air, which is sent to the curing container 14a, where sludge is preheated to promote fermentation. On the other hand, the steam passes through the steam reservoir 29b, and then passes through a number of pipes 29i having excellent heat conductivity arranged substantially horizontally in the water-sprinkling heat exchange unit 29c to discharge the water into the discharge chamber 29.
sent to d. The condensed water stored at the bottom of the water spray type heat exchange unit 29c is sent to a water spray nozzle 29k attached to the ceiling via a pipe 29j, and is sprayed from the water spray nozzle 29k. Therefore, the steam passing through the pipe 29i is cooled and condensed by the condensed water sprinkled in the sprinkling heat exchange unit 29c.

The condensed water from the pipe 29i of the water spray type heat exchange section 29c is discharged into the water discharge chamber 29d, and the water discharge chamber 29d
Is dropped and stored in the water storage portion 29e. Water discharge room 29d
An outside air pipe 29m for introducing outside air into the water discharge chamber 29d,
An air pipe 29n for sending warm and humid air filling the water discharge chamber 29d to the curing container 14a is attached. Heat exchange air pipe 29h and air pipe 2
A switching valve 29p is attached to the joint with 9n to determine whether the air sent to the curing container 14a is moist or
You can choose either dry one.
Thereby, the air in the best condition can be supplied and fermented and decomposed depending on the properties (whether dry or wet) of the mixed bacteria sludge in the curing container 14a.

Above the water storage portion 29e, the air reservoir 29f is separated from the water discharge chamber 29d by a wall 29q.
Are formed. An exhaust pipe 29r with a suction pump (not shown) is attached to the air reservoir 29f, and the air inside the air reservoir 29f is discharged to the outside air via a deodorizing device 29s. Since all the air discharged to the outside is discharged through the deodorizing device 29s in this way, it is possible to completely avoid the unpleasant odor problem that is often present in this type of sludge treatment facility A. In addition, the water storage unit 29
The warm condensed water stored in e can be sent to the curing container 14a via the hot water pipe 29t, and the sludge can be preheated to promote fermentation. Alternatively, the condensed water is sucked by the pump 27c through the pipe 27b and sent to the conditioner 27d. In each curing container building 14, a blower 31 that supplies pressurized air into each curing container 14a through an air supply pipe 14f is installed adjacent to the curing container buildings 14. The pipe 31a can also be connected to the replacement air pipe 29h, so that the pressurized air from the blower 31 is once introduced into the fermentation control device 29 through the replacement air pipe 29h,
After being heated by exchanging heat with steam passing through the steam pipe 29g,
It is sent to the curing container 14a through the pipe 27b. Thereby, the inside of the curing container 14a can be preheated, and the fermentation of the bacteria-mixed sludge is promoted.

On the side opposite to the side where the fermentation control device 29 and the blower 31 are installed in the curing container building 14, a hot water tank 33 that is fluidly connected to the heat retaining pipe 14e is installed. Many solar water heaters (not shown) are installed on the roof of the building F. Hot water heated by sunlight is stored in the hot water tank 33. This hot water tank 33
Also, similarly to the hot water tank 44, it is preferable to install an auxiliary heating device using other energy such as electricity, gas, fossil energy, etc. for maintaining the hot water stored in the inside at a predetermined temperature. A pipe 3 is provided between the hot water tank 33 and the heat retaining pipe 14e.
3a are provided, and computer controlled valves are arranged at each branch site so that hot water is supplied to the curing container 14a where it is needed. The storage container 20a
Is for temporarily storing the treated sludge, so that it is not necessary to reheat the sludge again.
3a is not installed. In the illustrated preferred embodiment, pressurized air can be supplied from the blower 31 in case the stored treated sludge has not been sufficiently fermented and decomposed. Therefore, the condensed water recovery device 27 for recovering the generated steam
Has also been established.

The sorting device 8 is disposed in a pit dug down in the ground, and is provided with a substantially rectangular container-shaped receiving tank disposed below the end of the belt conveyor 17 and a receiving tank disposed in the receiving tank. And a grid device for sieving. The classification device 8 is for classifying the treated sludge into two types: a small particle having a predetermined diameter or less and a remaining material having a predetermined diameter or more, and has a mesh portion (not shown) having a mesh diameter corresponding to the predetermined diameter. doing. Thus, the treated sludge is placed on the net portion and the net portion is swung in a substantially horizontal direction.
A belt conveyor is linked to the classification device 8,
The small particles having a predetermined diameter or less that have passed through the net are transferred to the processed product unloading device 9 as processed products, and the remaining material remaining on the net is transferred to the mixer 3 via the belt conveyor 7 as returned material. . In addition, the processed product unloading device 9 packs the processed product, which is a small granular material conveyed by the belt conveyor 11, so that it can be shipped.

Next, deodorizing equipment in the composting system will be described. The condensed water collected by the condensed water collecting device 27 shown in FIG. 3 is used for this deodorizing facility. During fermentation of the mixed sludge in the curing container 14a, the temperature of the mixed sludge is reduced to about 9 with the fermentation.
The temperature rises to about 0 to 130 ° C. Then, the water in the bacterial mixed sludge becomes steam in a form containing the bacteria and / or deodorant components in the bacterial mixed sludge. After the steam is converted into condensed water by the fermentation control device 29, it is passed through the pipe 27b. And sent to the conditioner 27d and stored there. Then, a place where deodorization of the condensed water should be performed through a pipe (not shown), for example, the sludge receiving device 2 in the bacteria mixed sludge production area C
Spray or spray water into the building with a water spray device installed above the building. Thereby, the bacteria and / or
Alternatively, deodorization is performed by the action of the deodorizing component. For example,
In the vicinity of the sludge receiving device 2, since the sludge is discharged from the tank 1a of the truck 1, a particularly bad smell is likely to be generated. Thus, in the illustrated preferred embodiment, the sludge receiving device 2
Is enclosed by a closed wall as the deodorant required area D, and condensed water is sprayed thereon with a water spray device, or
u fork) Watering. In addition, mixer 3
At the time of transfer to the bacteria mixing and crushing device 4, or
The sludge may be sprayed on the bed of the truck 1 after the sludge is put into the receiving device 2. In this way, it is possible to deodorize an unpleasant odor generated in an appropriate place in the composting treatment system. The obtained condensed water exerts not only the deodorizing effect in the above-mentioned composting treatment system but also its effect on liquid fertilizer such as a soil conditioner.

Next, a processing procedure of the composting system will be described. The truck 1 in which sludge is stored in the tank 1a placed on the bed enters the fungus-mixed sludge production area C in the sludge treatment facility A, and weighs the sludge stored in the tank 1a. This weighing is performed by a truck weighing scale G installed adjacent to the building F. Next, the rear part of the truck 1 is made to face the sludge receiving device 2 whose upper surface is opened,
By inclining the tank 1a, the sludge as the contents of the tank 1a is charged into the sludge receiving device 2. Immediately before the injection, the condensed water is sprayed from the water spraying device onto the deodorant required area D to deodorize the deodorant required area D. The truck 1 goes to the automatic washing device H, and the truck 1 and its tank 1a are automatically washed by the automatic washing device H, and go to the next sludge loading place. Conditioner 2 is also used for washing water here.
Condensed water from 7d can be used.

Here, the sludge receiving device 2 is provided with a sludge weight measuring device similar to the measuring device 25 as shown in FIG. 7, and the weight of the sludge input to the sludge receiving device 2 is determined by the sludge weight. It is measured by a measuring device and sent to the belt conveyor 6. For example, about 10 tons of sludge is introduced from one truck 1, and a predetermined amount to be introduced into the sludge receiving device 2 is 100 tons.
In this case, sludge is introduced into ten trucks 1. The sludge supplied to the sludge receiving device 2 is supplied to the mixer 3 via the belt conveyor 6. At the same time, the large-diameter return material classified by the classification device 8 is placed on the belt conveyor 6 via the belt conveyor 7. This return material contains thermophilic bacteria inside,
By feeding the return material containing the thermophilic bacterium simultaneously with the sludge, the thermophilic bacterium is mixed with the sludge as a seed. Then, the sludge and the return material are roughly mixed by the rotation of the screw inside the mixer 3.

The sludge and return material roughly mixed and discharged by the mixer 3 reach an intake port (not shown) provided in the germ mixing and crushing device 4 and are introduced into the mixing drum 4a. The mixing drum 4a is constantly rotated at a low speed by the rotation support device 4b. Therefore, the bacteria-mixed sludge introduced into the mixing drum 4a is scooped up by a large number of scooping fins made of thin plate pieces, and falls by its own weight when reaching a predetermined height. A number of high-speed rotating blades are located in the falling trajectory of the bacteria-mixed sludge, whereby the bacteria-mixed sludge is pulverized in a cut shape and the thermophilic bacteria are almost uniformly mixed with the sludge. The scooping fins are formed so as to be inclined downward from the inlet side to the outlet 4d side in a state where the scooping fins are at the rotation up side position. Therefore, the bacteria-mixed sludge is continuously moved to the outlet 4d side using the inclination while being crushed and rotated. Then, the mixed sludge is mixed with the mixed and crushed
Of the belt conveyor 12
Dropped on. At the time of mixing in the bacteria mixing and crushing device 4, the condensed water from the conditioner 27d can be sprayed with a deodorizing spray to deodorize. In addition, moisture can be adjusted by spraying condensed water.

The bacteria-mixed sludge discharged from the bacteria-mixing and pulverizing device 4 is sent by the belt conveyor 12 and is supplied to the main line 1
2b to the desired branch line 12a
And is dropped into a desired curing container 14a by the deflector device 16 or the deflector device 18. Here too, deodorization by deodorizing spray can be performed. The bacteria-mixed sludge introduced into each curing container 14a to a predetermined depth is stored therein for a predetermined number of days, and is fermented and decomposed by the action of bacteria. At the time of fermentation decomposition, when the bacterial mixed sludge is at a low temperature, hot water is circulated and supplied from a hot water tank 33 storing hot water heated by a solar water heater (not shown) via a pipe 33a and a heat retaining pipe 14e. To promote fermentation. Alternatively, steam is supplied from another curing container 14a in which fermentation proceeds and generates high-temperature steam (when it is better to increase the water content of the bacteria-mixed sludge), or fermentation control of such a curing container 14a. The pressurized air after the heat exchange in the device 29 can be supplied to the curing container 14a (when it is better to reduce the moisture of the bacteria-mixed sludge as it is or not) via the pipe 31b and the air supply pipe 14f. . By doing so, it is possible to prevent a situation in which fermentation is difficult to proceed in a cold region due to a low temperature of the sludge, and a period until the treatment is completed becomes long.

After a predetermined curing period has elapsed and the bacteria-mixed sludge has been fermented and decomposed, the measuring device 25 installed at the bottom of each curing container 14a is operated to measure a predetermined amount of the treated sludge on the belt conveyor 15 at a time. To be discharged. The treated sludge is moved below the curing container building 14 by the belt conveyor 15 and then returned to the fungus-mixed sludge production area C by the belt conveyor 17 extending substantially at right angles thereto. The treated sludge returned to the fungus-mixed sludge production area C by the belt conveyors 15 and 17 is discharged to the receiving tank of the classification device 8. In the classification device 8, the treated sludge is classified by the internal sieving type classification mechanism, and then approximately half of the sludge is transferred to the processed product unloading device 9, where the sludge is packed in the processed product unloading device 9 and waiting for shipment. To be stored in the product warehouse. Almost half of the treated sludge remaining in the classification device 8 is weighed by the weighing device 10 as a return material, and then conveyed to the mixer 3 side by the belt conveyor 7 to receive the sludge.
Is placed on the belt conveyor 6 to be mixed with the new sludge from the company. Almost half of the treated sludge remaining in the classification device 8 can be temporarily stored in the storage container 20a of the storage container building 20. Thereby, the timing can be adjusted with the new sludge supplied to the sludge receiving device 2. The storage container 20
a for spraying the condensed water from the condensed water recovery device 27, or
Pressurized air can also be injected from the blower 31. When mixed with the sludge newly introduced into the sludge receiving device 2, the return material reduces the water content by 50% or more, preferably 55%.
Degree. Adjustment of the water content of the sludge is also achieved by the new sludge sent from the sludge receiving device 2 and the measuring device 10.
Can be adjusted by adjusting the driving speed of each measuring device.

Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described composting system, and may be implemented in various forms within the scope of the technical idea. Things. For example, FIG.
1 can be applied to a small batch type composting process. Conversely, the residue-free treatment system as shown in FIG. 1 is a large-scale system as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. It can also be applied to systems.

[0041]

As described above, the present invention according to claim 1 has a solar water heater for obtaining hot water from sunlight, a hot water tank for storing the hot water obtained by the solar water heater, and a garbage free storage. A fermentative decomposition that ferments and degrades garbage by feeding and mixing a bacterial strain that can be processed into residue and has the property of activating at a predetermined temperature or higher and garbage while supplying air for a predetermined period of time. A control device capable of selectively introducing the hot water stored in the hot water tank into the fermentation / decomposition device, and heating the mixture of the strain and the garbage to a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature at which the strain is activated. The garbage can be selectively heated as necessary by heating the mixture of the strain and the garbage to a predetermined temperature or higher using the clean energy of sunlight to activate the strain. Completely fermented minutes It has an advantage of being able to.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar water heater for obtaining hot water from sunlight, a hot water tank for storing hot water obtained by the solar water heater,
A fermentation decomposer for fermenting and decomposing the sludge by feeding and mixing the sludge with a thermophilic bacterium and / or a phototrophic bacterium capable of being composted, and curing while supplying air for a predetermined period; and A control in which hot water stored in a water tank is selectively introduced into a fermentation decomposition apparatus to heat a mixture of thermophilic bacteria and / or phototrophic bacteria and sludge to a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature at which the bacteria are activated. And a mixture of the thermophilic bacterium and / or phototrophic bacterium and the sludge is selectively heated as necessary to a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature using the clean energy of sunlight. Activating has the effect that sludge can be fermented and decomposed to form compost.

The present invention also includes a control device capable of introducing hot water from a hot water tank into a fermentation decomposer and heating a mixture of the strain and garbage to a temperature higher than a predetermined temperature at which the strain is activated. Because it is possible to increase the fermentation decomposition of garbage by heating the mixture of bacterial strain and garbage to a temperature suitable for the type of bacterial strain and activating the bacterial strain, a residue-free garbage disposal system Use efficiently,
There is an effect that the use cost of the processing system can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of a food waste-free treatment system provided with a solar water heater according to the present invention.

FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c) are a central longitudinal sectional view, a right sectional view and a central horizontal sectional view of a fermentation decomposition apparatus used in the residue-free treatment system of FIG. 1, respectively.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an overall configuration of a sludge composting treatment system provided with a solar water heater according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view of the composting treatment system shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of a main part of the composting treatment system shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 6 is a front view of another embodiment of the deflector device used in the composting treatment system.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section of a curing container used in the composting treatment system.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram for explaining the operation between the components of the fermentation control device used in the composting treatment system shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

A Sludge Treatment Facility B Fermentation Decomposition Area C Bacteria Mixed Sludge Production Area D Deodorization Necessary Area E Building F Building G Truck Weight Scale H Automatic Washing Equipment 1 Truck 1a Tank 2 Sludge Receiving Equipment 3 Mixer 4 Bacteria Mixing and Pulverizing Equipment 6, 7 Belt Conveyor 8 Classification device 9 Processed product unloading device 10 Weighing device 11 Belt conveyor 12 Belt conveyor 14 Curing container building 14a Curing container, 14b, 14c Bottom wall, 14d
Outlet, 14e Insulation tube, 14f Air supply tube 15, 17 Belt conveyor 16 Deflector device 18 Deflector device 19 Belt conveyor 20 Storage container building 20a Storage container 22 Belt conveyor 25 Metering device 27 Condensed water recovery device 29 Fermentation control device 29a Housing, 29b Steam storage unit, 29c Sprinkling heat exchange unit, 29d Water discharge chamber, 29e Water storage unit, 29
f Air reservoir 31 Blower 33 Hot water tank 40 Residue-free treatment system 42 Solar hot water device 44 Hot water tank 46 Fermentation decomposer 46a Housing 46b Fermentation decomposer 46c Rotary shaft 46d Crush blade 46e Drive mechanism 46f Heat exchange tube 46g Air supply mechanism 46h Exhaust mechanism 46j Door 48 Control device 50 Frame 52 Piping

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A solar water heater for obtaining hot water by sunlight, a hot water tank for storing hot water obtained by the solar water heater, a bacterial strain capable of treating garbage without residue and having a temperature above a predetermined temperature. A bacterial strain having the property of being activated and garbage are charged and mixed, and fermented and decomposed to ferment and decompose garbage by curing while supplying air for a predetermined period, and are stored in the hot water tank. A control device capable of selectively introducing hot water into the fermentation decomposition apparatus, and heating the mixture of the strain and the garbage to a temperature higher than or equal to a predetermined temperature at which the strain is activated; and a solar water heater comprising: A garbage-free residue processing system equipped with 2. The garbage-free residue treatment system provided with the solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein the hot water tank holds electricity, gas, and the like for maintaining hot water stored therein at a predetermined temperature. A residue-free treatment system for garbage provided with a solar water heater, comprising auxiliary heating means using other energy such as fossil energy. 3. The garbage-free residue treatment system provided with the solar water heater according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fermentation decomposition apparatus pulverizes the inputted garbage into small pieces to sufficiently mix with the bacterial strain. A residue-free treatment system for garbage provided with a solar water heater, comprising a crushing device for promoting fermentation and decomposition. 4. A food waste-free treatment system provided with the solar water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fermentation / decomposition device is provided with excess water in the fermentation / decomposition device. A residue-free treatment system for garbage provided with a solar water heater, characterized in that a moisture control material has been added in advance so that moisture of a mixture of the strain and the garbage is suitable for fermentation and decomposition. 5. A solar water heater for obtaining hot water by sunlight, a hot water tank for storing hot water obtained by the solar water heater, a thermophilic bacterium and / or a phototrophic bacterium capable of composting sludge. The sludge is charged and mixed, and fermented and decomposed by sludge by fermenting and decomposing the sludge by curing while supplying air for a predetermined period, and the hot water stored in the hot water tank is selectively introduced into the fermentation and decomposition apparatus. A control device capable of heating a mixture of thermophilic bacteria and / or phototrophic bacteria and sludge to a temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature at which the bacteria are activated, and comprising a solar water heater. Composting system.