JPH11309114A - Optometer device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a target optical system which can ease eye adjustments without using any special optical members. SOLUTION: Positioning is achieved by driving a three-dimensional drive means 32 and moving a measuring optical system 31 at a predetermined distance from the eyes to be examined ER, EL within a casing 1. Both of eye targets 10R, 10L are illuminated by an illuminating light source via a mirror and presented to a subject as being seemingly far away. Visible light beams from a central target 28 pass through optical paths 05, 02 and are presented to the eyes to be examined ER, EL while being superimposed on the eye targets 10R, 10L. The central target 28 is focused by being moved on the optical path 05 by the drive means 29 according to the diopters of the eyes to be examined ER, EL. Light beams from a light source for refractometry 22 pass through an optical path 03 and are projected on the fundi oculi from the pupils of the eyes to be examined ER, EL. The light beams reflected by the fundi oculi are returned to a perforated mirror 21 via the same optical path 03, are reflected by a dichroic mirror 24, and received by a video camera 25, their signals being analyzed by use of a computer to determine refraction values.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optometry apparatus such as an auto-refractometer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art (1) Conventionally, a device that presents a target only to the eye to be examined and measures refractive power has been generally used, and a target having a diameter larger than the interpupillary distance is used for both eyes. There is also proposed an optometry apparatus that presents the following. Normally, in these optometry devices, the examiner adjusts the chin rest up and down while observing the anterior segment.

(2) In the conventional refractive power measuring device, the examiner adjusts the positions of the subject and the device, and presents a diopter with a variable diopter to the subject's eye to measure the refractive power. In addition, as a refractive power measuring device for far vision, there is a device that presents a distant target to both eyes and measures it, and a technique of measuring a target that is blurred to other eyes is also known.

[0004]

(B) However, the device of the above-mentioned conventional example (1) has a problem that the adjustment cannot be completely relieved because the method of viewing the target is monocular. However, since the examiner must adjust the forehead rest and the chin rest, there is a problem that the measurement cannot be performed unless the examiner is always attached to the subject.

(B) In the case of the device of the prior art (2) described above, if a far target is used, the subject may act as an accommodative stimulus in the case of a hyperopic eye, so that the subject may be adjusted. ,
Further, when a visual target that is blurred to the other eye is shown, the visual target is clearly seen by the inspected eye, so that there is a problem that the appearance is significantly different between the left and right eyes, causing a sense of incongruity.

An object of the present invention is to provide an optometry apparatus provided with an optotype optical system capable of resolving the above-mentioned problem (a) and alleviating the adjustment of the subject's eye.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an optometric apparatus capable of automatically adjusting a chin rest.

Another object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an optometry apparatus which solves the problem (b), gives the subject a distant vision, and can accurately measure the refractive power at a distant point.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide an optometric apparatus for reliably displaying the cause of an optometric measurement failure.

[0010]

An optometry apparatus according to the present invention for achieving the above object has a target optical system that presents a target from an apparent distance to right and left eyes via respective optical systems,
A refracting power measuring system for measuring a refraction value by projecting a light beam onto the fundus of the eye to be examined through a light splitting member provided on an optical path of the target optical system.

Further, the optometry apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a detecting means for detecting the contact of the subject's chin, and a control means for controlling the chin rest based on the detection of the detecting means. And

An optometry apparatus according to the present invention is characterized in that, in an optometry apparatus for measuring the refractive power of a subject's eye in a far vision state, a visual target which is apparently blurred farther than the target optical system is presented to both eyes. And

An optometry apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a face contacting means provided with a driving means; an eye position detecting means for detecting a position of an eye to be inspected; and a face contacting means based on a signal from the eye position detecting means. Adjusting means for adjusting the driving means.

An optometry apparatus according to the present invention has a control means for controlling the position of a chin rest and a forehead provided with a detection means for detecting contact of a subject's forehead. When the contact of the forehead is detected, the position of the chin rest is controlled by the control means.

An optometry apparatus according to the present invention is an optometry apparatus for projecting a light beam to an eye to be inspected, detecting reflected light thereof, and measuring the optometry. And measurement result display means for displaying the cause of the optometric measurement failure based on the analysis result of the calculation means.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment. FIG. 1 is a front view of an auto-refractometer according to a first embodiment.
Optometry openings 2L and 2R are provided at positions corresponding to the ER, respectively, and a forehead rest 3 for contacting the subject's forehead and a chin rest 4 for placing a chin below are fixedly provided above the optometry openings 2L and 2R. Microswitches 5 and 6 are attached to the forehead rest 3 and the chin rest 4, respectively. The chin rest 4 is connected to a driving means including a spring 7 and a motor 8.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the binocular optotype optical system. Lenses 9L and 9R are disposed on optical paths O1L and O1R that pass through substantially the centers of the optometry openings 2L and 2R. Binocular optotypes 10L and 10R, mirrors 11L and 11R of the same distant view slightly blurred, and these binocular optotypes 10L and 10R.
The target light source 12 for illuminating the target is arranged. The optical paths O1L and O1R of this optotype optical system are parallel, and the interval between them is about 63 mm, which is the average interpupillary distance.
The lateral diameter of R is set to 25 mm or more, so that the binocular optotype 10 can be obtained by the binocular EL and ER regardless of the individual difference in interpupillary distance.
L and 10R can be seen. It is desirable that the binocular targets 10L and 10R have a visual angle of 20 degrees or more, and are blurred so as not to be an adjustment stimulus. However, since the position can be recognized even with a blurred image, the binocular EL,
By projecting the target beam from the same direction on the ER, a far-sighted feeling is obtained, and the adjustment is relieved. A light dividing member 13 is disposed between the optometry opening 2L and the lens 9L, and a light source 14 for anterior segment illumination is provided on both sides thereof.

FIG. 3 shows a side view of the measuring optical system. A dichroic mirror 15, a lens 16, a dichroic mirror 17, a lens 18, and a mirror 19 are provided on the optical path O2 of the measuring optical system in the reflection direction of the light splitting member 13. They are arranged sequentially. A lens 20, a perforated mirror 21, and a light source 22 for measuring refractive power are arranged on an optical path O3 in the incident direction of the dichroic mirror 15, and a lens 23, a dichroic mirror 24 is provided on an optical path O4 in the reflecting direction of the dichroic mirror 17. , A video camera 25 is arranged and a perforated mirror 21
A ring slit 26 is arranged on the optical path between the light source and the dichroic mirror 24. Note that a television monitor that displays the video of the video camera 25 may be provided for the observer to observe.

Further, on the optical path O5 in the reflection direction of the mirror 19, a lens 27 and a non-blurred central optotype 2 composed of a central part of the same distant view as the binocular optotypes 10L and 10R at a visual angle of about 5 degrees.
The center target 28 is connected to a driving means 29 so as to be variable in diopter. In this optical system, the viewing angle does not change even if the center target 28 is moved. Also, the light splitting member 13 and the dichroic mirror 1
5, a small mirror 30 is arranged, and a distance detecting means (not shown) is optically connected to the small mirror 30. Then, the measuring optical system 31 constituted by these members
Are mounted on the three-dimensional driving means 32.

With such a configuration, the examiner verbally applies the forehead to the forehead 3 and verbally or synthetically speaks the opening 2L, 2L,
An instruction is given to view the inside binocular targets 10L and 10R from R. In the initial state, the chin rest 4 is held at an intermediate position by the spring 7, and at that time, the motor 8 is not energized and only the urging force by the spring 7 causes the chin rest 4 to be placed when the subject places the chin. Lowered, opening 2 for subjects with small faces
The jaw floats from the chin rest 4 while looking into L and 2R.

When the subject looks into the openings 2L and 2R, the switch is turned on when the forehead abuts, and the anterior eye image is displayed on the video camera 28. The video signal is analyzed, and when it is recognized by the computer that the eyes to be inspected EL and ER are in a predetermined alignment, the motor 8 is energized and the chin rest 4 is driven upward. Then, when the contact of the chin is detected by the micro switch 6, the lock is applied at that position. If the jaws are already in contact when the alignment is confirmed, they are immediately locked without being driven upward. Note that a contact sensor such as a pressure-sensitive sensor may be used instead of the microswitch 6. As described above, the chin rest 4 can be adjusted regardless of the size of the face without requiring the operation of the examiner. This method can be applied not only to the auto-refractometer but also to general optometry devices.

The three-dimensional drive means 32 is driven to move the measuring optical system 31 within the housing 1 to a predetermined distance from the subject's eyes EL and ER to perform positioning. The binocular optotypes 10L and 10R are illuminated by the optotype illumination light source 12 via the mirrors 11L and 11R, and presented to the subject at an apparent distance. In addition, the visible light from the center target 28 passes through the optical paths O5 and O2, and overlaps the binocular targets 10L and 10R via the light splitting member 13 to be examined.
Presented to EL and ER. In accordance with the diopters of the eyes EL and ER to be examined, the center optotype 28 is moved on the optical path O5 by the driving means 29 to focus.

The light beam from the refractive power measuring light source 22 is transmitted through an optical path O3.
Through the pupils of the subject's eyes EL and ER to the fundus. The fundus reflection light is reflected back to the perforated mirror 21 through the same optical path O3, further reflected by the dichroic mirror 24, received by the video camera 25, and analyzed by a computer to determine the refraction value. The reflected light from the anterior segment illuminated by the anterior segment illumination light source 14 is captured by the video camera 25 through the optical paths O2 and O4, and the video signal is analyzed by a computer to detect alignment. . Further, one of the cornea reflected lights of the light source 14 for anterior ocular segment illumination forms an image on the distance detecting means from two upper and lower directions via the mirror 30, and the working distance is detected.

The eye E to be inspected by the signal of the video camera 25
Even if L and ER are confirmed, when the subject's forehead is not in contact with the microswitch 5, an instruction is given by a synthesized voice saying "Please apply the forehead". Micro switch 5
Eye contact is detected by the eye, and the subject's eye detected by the distance detection means
When the distance to EL and ER exceeds the adjustment range of the three-dimensional drive means 32, the forehead rest 3 is driven back and forth by a drive means (not shown).

FIG. 4 is a side view of a modification of the optotype optical system. Half mirrors 35L and 35R for reflecting infrared light and concave mirrors 36L and 36R are used instead of the lenses 9L and 9R. , 35R in the reflection direction
A pair of left and right optotype optical systems similar to the above are arranged.

The subject sees the optotype images reflected on the concave mirrors 36L and 36R from a distance through the half mirrors 35L and 35R. Refractive power measurement light beams are half mirrors 35L and 35R.
And is guided to the subject's eyes EL and ER. In addition, binocular optotype 1
Instead of presenting the target with a diopter variable of 0L and 10R, only the binocular targets 10L and 10R may be used. In this case, the distant portions of the binocular targets 10L and 10R are displayed. No need to blur. Also, there is no problem if the present invention is applied not to the objective refractometer but to the subjective refractometer. In this case, the central portions of the binocular targets 10L and 10R are left blank, and the central target 28 is a Landolt ring or the like. The target may be any type that can be exchanged.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the optometry apparatus according to the second embodiment, in which objective refractive power can be measured without an operator's operation. Window members 41 for the left and right eyes are provided on the subject side of the housing 40, and light shielding members 42 are attached to both upper ends of the housing 40 so as to surround the window members 41, respectively. External light from the eye E is prevented from hitting. A forehead pad 43 is provided above the window member 41, and a chin rest 44 is provided below. Forehead rest 43 is arm 4
An abutting portion 46 is attached to the tip of 5, and a pressure-sensitive sensor 47 is fixed to the abutting portion 46. The other end of the arm 45 is connected to a stepping motor 48 that drives the abutting portion 46 back and forth. The chin rest 44 is also provided at the tip of the arm 49 with a chin rest 50.
And a stepping motor 51 that drives the chin rest 50 up and down is connected to the other end of the arm.

On the optical path O6 substantially at the center of the window member 41, an anterior segment illumination light source 52 for emitting divergent infrared light, a light splitting member 53 for reflecting infrared light having a width larger than the interpupillary distance, and a concave mirror 54 are provided. Are arranged on the optical path O7 in the upper incident direction of the light splitting member 53. The mirror 55, the binocular visual target 56 fixed to the housing 40, and a visual source for illuminating the binocular visual target 56 are provided. A target illumination light source 57 is arranged, and the binocular optotype 56 depicts a distant view with a blurred wide visual field as shown in FIG.

The dichroic mirrors 58, 59 and 60 are arranged on the optical path O8 in the lower reflection direction of the light splitting member 53, and the optical path in the incident direction of the dichroic mirror 58 is arranged.
On O9, lenses 61, 62, a central optotype 63 with a diopter of about 5 degrees, which can be adjusted diopter according to the diopters of the subject's eyes EL, ER, and a target light source 64 for the central optotype 63 are sequentially arranged. Are arranged. The central optotype 63 displays the same distant view as the binocular optotype 56 except that it is not blurred as shown in FIG.
It is arranged near the focal point of the concave mirror 54. Since the light flux from the pupil is a parallel light flux between the lens 62 and the central optotype 63, even if the target position changes, the central optotype 6
The viewing angle of 3 does not change.

On the optical path O10 in the incident direction of the dichroic mirror 59, a lens 65, a perforated mirror 66, a stop 6
7, a lens 68, a light source 69 for measuring refractive power that emits infrared light
Are sequentially arranged, and on an optical path O11 in the reflection direction of the mirror 60, lenses 70 and 71, a dichroic mirror 72,
An image pickup means 73 is arranged, and a ring stop 74, a separating prism 75, and a lens 76 are arranged on an optical path between the perforated mirror 66 and the dichroic mirror 72. Note that a display unit that displays the captured image to the examiner on the imaging unit 73 may be provided.

Further, a small mirror 77 is arranged near the dichroic mirror 58, and as shown in FIG.
8. A cylindrical lens 7 having a generatrix parallel to the CCD element array
9. A distance detecting optical system including the CCD line sensor 80 is configured. A measuring optical system 81 is formed by the light source 52 for anterior segment illumination and the members after the light splitting member 53, and the measuring optical system 81 is mounted on three-dimensional driving means 82 including three stepping motors.

With the above-described configuration, the subject can hold the chin rest 4
The chin is placed on 4 and the forehead abuts against the forehead rest and looks through the window member 41. The chin rest 44 is driven up and down by a stepping motor 51 based on an alignment signal obtained by analyzing an anterior segment image captured by the imaging unit 73. The chin rest 44 is initially stopped at the intermediate position, and is driven by a weak driving force in this state. Therefore, when the subject puts his / her chin, the chin rest 44 is lowered, and when the positions of the subject's eyes EL and ER are not within a predetermined range of the imaging screen, the subject is driven by a strong driving force to be adjusted and fixed within a predetermined vertical range. Is done.

The pressure sensor 47 detects that a predetermined force is applied to the contact portion 46, and only when the predetermined force is applied, the stepping motor 51 causes the chin rest 44.
Is controlled up and down or locked. Therefore, since the chin rest 44 can be adjusted after the face is fixed, automatic positioning can be performed regardless of the shape of the face. Imaging means 7
Even if the anterior segment of the subject's eyes EL and ER can be imaged and recognized by 3, if a predetermined force is not applied to the abutting portion 46, a voice that instructs the forehead to be pressed from the voice generating means. Is generated.

If the distance between the subject's eye E and the measuring optical system 81 is not within a predetermined range based on the signal received by the CCD line sensor 80 of the distance detecting means, the stepping motor 48 is driven to adjust the forehead rest 43 back and forth. To be within the field of view. In this way, by adjusting the positions of the forehead pad 43 and the chin rest 44 based on the detection of the subject's eye position detecting means, the position can be automatically adjusted regardless of individual differences in the face shape.

The binocular optotype 56 is illuminated by the optotype illuminating light source 57, and the subject sees the binocular optotype 56 far away via the light splitting member 53 with visible light. Since the position can be determined even from a blurred image, it is possible to give a far-sighted feeling from the relative positions of the optotype retinal images of both eyes projected parallel to the optical path. Since the optotype image is blurred, the stimulus does not become an accommodation stimulus, and there is no concern that the subject with hyperopic eyes stares at the binocular optotype 56 and makes an adjustment.

The measuring optical system 81 is driven left, right, up and down and back and forth by the three-dimensional driving means 82 to adjust the position to the eyes EL and ER to be examined. The anterior eye part is reflected on the imaging means 73 via the optical path O11.
The positions of L and ER are determined, and three-dimensional driving
Is a signal to move.

Light sources 52 for anterior segment illumination on both the left and right sides of optical path O6
Illuminates the anterior ocular segment through the window member 41 and analyzes and recognizes the corneal reflection image and the pupil image by the arithmetic means to perform alignment. Since the lenses 70 and 71 on the optical path O11 are imaging optical systems having a large depth of focus, even if the eyes EL and ER are shifted by about 10 mm, the positions of the eyes EL and ER can be recognized and alignment is possible.

One of the corneal reflected lights of the light source 52 for anterior segment illumination is used for the distance detection, and this light flux passes through the window member 41 from the upper and lower two directions, is reflected by the light splitting member 53 and the small mirror 77, and is reflected by the lens. The light is received as two light beams L by the CCD line sensor 80 via the cylindrical lens 79. This signal is analyzed for its relative position by the calculating means, and the optical path O6
The distance between the subject's eyes EL and ER in the directions is determined, and the measuring optical system 81 is used.
Is adjusted by the three-dimensional driving means 82 to an appropriate position. Although the distance of the corneal reflected light from the corneal center varies depending on the corneal curvature, the corneal reflected light outside the center can be detected regardless of the corneal curvature by condensing the light with the cylindrical lens 79. Further, since the detection is performed in the vertical direction, the reflected light of the other cornea can be detected without being hindered by the reflected light of the left or right cornea. In this manner, the anterior segment illumination light source 52
The position of the eye EL, ER can be detected by the corneal reflected light of the eye.

First, the forehead receiver 3 and the chin rest 44 are driven and adjusted, and the rough positioning is completed.
Is driven to perform accurate positioning of the measurement optical system 81.
Since the alignment has a wider detection range,
4, the distance is detected, the forehead rest 43 is adjusted, and the measuring optical system 81 is further adjusted. When one eye ends, the measurement optical system 81 is moved by about 60 mm in the interpupillary direction by the three-dimensional driving means 82 to measure the other eye.

The light beam from the light source 69 for measuring the refractive power is transmitted through the optical path O1.
0, the dichroic mirror 59 and the light splitting member 53
Are reflected on the subject's eyes EL and ER via the optical path O6, O8, and O10, and form an image on the imaging means 73 via the perforated mirror 66 and the dichroic mirror 72. Is analyzed to calculate a refraction value.

The subject's eyes EL and ER look at the central optotype 63 so as to overlap the binocular optotype 56. The central target 63 is moved in a distant direction based on the result of the refractive power measurement. When the eyes EL and ER relax their accommodation, the central target 63 can be clearly seen, so that the eyes EL and ER to be inspected can be reliably guided to the distant point in combination with the distant visual sensation coming from the binocular target 56. At this time, the position detection accuracy is improved by preventing external light from the lateral direction from hitting the eye E by the light shielding plate 42 and eliminating corneal reflected light other than the light source 52 for anterior ocular segment illumination. Can be.

If the pressure sensor 47 of the forehead contact 43 senses a predetermined pressure and the imaging means 73 is at a constant output level but the positions of the eyes EL and ER cannot be recognized,
Since the eyes are closed or the eyes are closed, the display member for displaying the measurement result displays "Cannot measure because there is no eye" to notify the subject or the examiner. The pupil is recognized from the image of the image pickup means 73, and when the size is smaller than the minimum measurement diameter, "the pupil is too small to measure" is displayed. Similarly, when it is recognized that the eyelid is hanging on the measurement pupil area, it is initially instructed to open the eye by voice, and if there is no effect, "The eyelid is hanging and measurement is not possible."
Is displayed, and the alignment measurement process ends.

If the measurement is carried out while wearing glasses, reflected light may enter the image pickup means 73, but this is also recognized, and a message "measurement cannot be performed due to reflected light" is displayed. I do. As described above, by analyzing the anterior ocular segment image, it is possible to identify the cause of the measurement failure and notify the examiner or the subject. It should be noted that the center target 63 can be omitted from the target optical system.

[0044]

As described above, the optometry apparatus according to the present invention presents optotypes to the right and left eyes from apparent distances through the respective optical systems, and emits a light beam to the fundus of the eye to be inspected via the light splitting member. By measuring the refraction value by projection, the accommodation of the subject's eye can be relieved without using special optical members.

Further, the optometry apparatus according to the present invention can adjust the chin rest without requiring the operation of the examiner by detecting the contact of the subject's forehead and controlling the chin rest. Become.

The optometry apparatus according to the present invention enables the measurement of refraction at a distant point irrespective of the refractive index of the subject's eye by presenting a visual target that is apparently distant to both eyes.

The optometry apparatus according to the present invention automatically adjusts the driving of the face receiving means based on the signal of the eye position detecting means for detecting the position of the eye to be inspected, regardless of the shape of the face of the subject. Alignment is possible.

The optometry apparatus according to the present invention controls the position of the chin rest when it detects that the subject's forehead hits, thereby automatically positioning the subject regardless of the face shape of the subject. Becomes possible.

The optometry apparatus according to the present invention analyzes the image of the anterior segment of the imaging means and displays an unmeasurable message on the measurement result display means to identify the cause of the unmeasurement to the examiner or the subject. I can let you know.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a binocular optotype optical system.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a measurement optical system.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a modified example of the binocular optotype optical system.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view of a binocular optotype.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a central target.

FIG. 8 is a plan view of the distance detecting means.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 40 Case 2L, 2R Optometry opening 3, 43 Forehead rest 4, 50 Jaw rest 10L, 10R, 28, 56, 63 Optotype 12, 57, 64 Optotype illumination light source 13, 53 Light splitting member 14, 52 Light source for anterior segment illumination 22, 69 Light source for refractive power measurement 25 Video camera 29 Driving means 31, 81 Measuring optical system 32, 82 Three-dimensional driving means 41 Window member 44 Chin 47 47 Pressure sensitive sensor 48, 51 Stepping motor 54 Concave surface Mirror 73 imaging means 75 separation prism 80 CCD line sensor

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An optotype optical system for presenting an optotype to the left and right eyes via respective optical systems from an apparent distance, and a fundus of an eye to be inspected via a light dividing member provided in an optical path of the optotype optical system. An optometry apparatus comprising: a refracting power measurement system that measures a refraction value by projecting a light flux. 2. An optometric apparatus comprising: detecting means for detecting abutment of a subject's chin; and control means for controlling a chin rest based on the detection of the detecting means. 3. An optometry apparatus for measuring a refractive power of a subject's eye in a far vision state, wherein the optometry apparatus presents to both eyes an optotype that is apparently farther away than the optotype optical system. 4. The optometry apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a central optotype having a variable diopter, which is presented so as to be superimposed on the blurred optotype. 5. A face applying means provided with a driving means, an eye position detecting means for detecting a position of an eye to be inspected, and an adjustment for adjusting the driving means of the face applying means based on a signal from the eye position detecting means. An optometric apparatus comprising: 6. A control means for controlling the position of the chin rest,
Controlling the position of the chin rest by the control means when the detection means detects the contact of the forehead with the detection means for detecting the contact of the subject's forehead. An optometric apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 7. An optometric apparatus for projecting a light beam onto an eye to be examined and detecting reflected light thereof to perform optometric measurement, an image pickup means for picking up an anterior eye part, an arithmetic means for calculating and analyzing a video of the image pickup means, An optometry apparatus comprising: a measurement result display unit that displays a cause of an optometry measurement failure based on an analysis result of the calculation unit.