JPH11229394A - Open caisson construction system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an open caisson construction system which has versatility as it does not need to be re-manufactured even if the diameter of a caisson has varied, and which can reduce the cost of construction work., SOLUTION: This system comprises an underwater drilling machine 5 which is free to move along a rail laid on the interior wall of the lower part of a caisson skeleton 1 in order to drill earth and sand in the caisson skeleton 1 and a trackless support machine 8 provided on the outside of the caisson skeleton 1 to support the drive of the underwater drilling machine 5. The system also includes an on-skeleton winch 6 raising and lowering the underwater drilling machine along the interior wall of the caisson skeleton 1 and a crawler crane 9 drilling and hoisting earth and sand at necessary portions inside the caisson skeleton 1 and hosting the earth and sand drilled by the underwater drilling machine 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an open caisson construction system for excavating an open caisson used for a starting shaft, a reaching shaft, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a construction method for excavating an open caisson of this type, a caisson is laid down while excavating earth and sand inside the caisson with an underwater excavator.
The so-called open caisson method is known.

A typical construction system of the conventional open caisson method is disclosed in, for example, JP-A-6-33466. In the system disclosed in this publication, a portal crane that can turn so as to straddle the caisson is installed in the upper space of the caisson, and a trolley that can move in the horizontal direction is provided on this portal crane, and the trolley is mounted on the trolley. A grab for excavation is suspended, and a traveling rail is provided in the lower part of the caisson horizontally in the circumferential direction, and the excavator is moved along the traveling rail. Also, the portal crane includes:
A support mechanism for supplying hydraulic pressure and electric power to the excavator, and a lifting mechanism for lifting and inserting the excavator as necessary are provided.

Further, as another construction system, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H08-41896, excavation and discharge of earth and sand in a caisson are performed by a bucket supported by a crane arranged on the ground. At the same time, there has been proposed a configuration in which an excavator supported by a float floating inside a caisson excavates earth and sand around a caisson blade.

[0005]

However, in the former system using the portal crane, not only it is necessary to prepare a large-scale portal crane that straddles a caisson, but also because this portal crane is installed. There is a problem that foundation work is required, and maintenance of rails laid for swiveling the portal crane is required, so that high costs cannot be avoided. In addition, in the case of this system, it is necessary to remanufacture a portal crane adapted to the diameter of the caisson to be constructed, and there is a problem that versatility is lacking.

On the other hand, in the latter system using a float, since a mount (float) of a lifting device for lifting and supporting an excavator or the like is floating on the water surface, a complicated device for stabilizing the mount is separately provided. However, there is a problem that the cost becomes high. In addition, since the required equipment is installed on the float, there is a problem that the space for unloading is limited and the workability is not good.In addition, the float is not used during initial excavation when the depth of muddy water in the caisson is shallow. There is also a problem that it cannot be installed. In addition, it is necessary to redesign the float in accordance with a change in the diameter of the caisson, and there is also a problem that the versatility is lacking.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and has no need to remanufacture even if the caisson diameter is changed. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a construction system.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an open caisson construction system according to the present invention comprises: (a) excavating earth and sand inside a caisson body; An excavator that can move along the traveling rail laid on the lower inner wall of the caisson frame,
(B) a trackless type support device provided outside the caisson skeleton to support the driving of the excavator; (c) a lifting device for raising and lowering the excavator along the inner wall of the caisson skeleton; and (d). An excavation and unloading device is provided for excavating and unloading a required portion of the earth and sand inside the caisson body, and excavating the earth and sand excavated by the excavator.

In the invention having the first feature, the earth and sand at the tip of the caisson inside the caisson body is excavated by an excavator movable along a traveling rail laid on a lower inner wall of the caisson body, and after excavation. Excavation of earth and sand
It is carried out of the machine by a lifting device. In addition, this excavation
The excavating device also excavates and excavates the central part of the caisson frame that cannot be excavated by the excavator. Further, the excavator is raised and lowered along the inner wall of the caisson frame by an elevating device as needed, and can be lifted or inserted. Further, hydraulic or electric power supply for supporting the driving of the excavator and control of the excavator are performed by a trackless support device provided outside the caisson body. According to the present invention, the support device for supporting the driving of the excavator is a trackless type, and the laying of rails and the like as in the conventional portal crane system is not required. There is no need to correct it, and an extremely versatile system can be provided.

In the present invention, the support machine is configured to be able to run along the outer peripheral surface of the caisson frame as the excavator moves, and the lifting device is installed on an upper end surface of the caisson frame. Preferably, the excavator is provided with a winch for suspending the excavator, and the excavating / discharging device is a clamshell excavator capable of self-propelling along an outer peripheral surface of the caisson body. By making the support aircraft self-propelled in this way, the ancillary facilities and foundations for the support aircraft are not required, and the construction cost can be reduced, and the installation period is unnecessary, and the construction period can be shortened. This has the effect of not being restricted by the occupied space product. In addition, the adoption of a winch on the top of the caisson frame as the lifting device allows the system to be made more compact, and also supports rehabilitation work associated with caisson subsidence and construction. It is possible to do. Furthermore, by using a clamshell excavator capable of self-propelling along the outer peripheral surface of the caisson body as an excavating / discharging device, a conventional general-purpose clamshell excavator can be used, which is more economical.

Secondly, the construction system of the open caisson according to the present invention comprises: (a) movable along a traveling rail laid on a lower inner wall of the caisson body for excavating earth and sand inside the caisson body; (B) a trackless type supporter and lifting device that is provided outside the caisson skeleton to support the driving of the excavator and moves the excavator up and down along the inner wall of the caisson skeleton And (c) a digging and unloading device for digging and unloading a required portion of the earth and sand inside the caisson body and for unloading the earth and sand excavated by the excavator.

The invention having the second feature is characterized in that the first invention
The invention is characterized in that it has an assisting device and an elevating device in which the assisting device and the elevating device are integrated in the invention having the features described above, whereby the system can be made more compact, and the supporting device and the elevating device can be achieved. There is an advantage that it is easy to synchronize with.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a specific embodiment of an open caisson construction system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the overall construction of a construction system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 2 and 3 are sectional views taken along line AA and line BB of FIG. 1, respectively. FIG.

As shown in these figures, in the construction system of this embodiment, a caisson K buried underground has a cutting edge k at a lower end, and an upper caisson is successively added above a lower caisson. The caisson body 1 having a cylindrical shape as a whole is formed by burying the body. At the upper end of the caisson frame 1, there are arranged a number of press-in machines 2 for pushing the caisson frame 1 down into the ground, and the press-in machine 2 generates a pressing force by receiving the earth anchor 3 as a reaction force. The caisson K is buried.

A traveling rail 4 is laid on the lower inner wall of the caisson frame 1 in a circumferential direction, and an excavator (underwater excavator) 5 is moved along the inner wall of the caisson frame 1 along the traveling rail 4. It can be moved horizontally.

An upper winch 6 (see FIG. 4) as a lifting device for raising and lowering the underwater excavator 5 is fixedly provided at a predetermined position at the upper end of the caisson frame 1. The upper winch 6 of the skeleton has a pivotable structure so that the underwater excavator 5 can be suspended and carried into or out of the caisson skeleton 1. The underwater excavator 5 is suspended by the upper winch 6 at the installation position of the upper winch 6, and is raised and lowered along a vertical rail 7 laid vertically on the inner wall of the caisson body 1. Input is performed. The underwater excavator 5 is equipped with an elevating rail (not shown) integrally with the traveling wheel.
The underwater excavator 5 can travel along the traveling rail 4 by being fitted into a notch of the traveling rail 4 laid on the inner wall of the vehicle. In addition, the upper skeleton winch 6 of the present embodiment has a structure in which it can lift itself up using the support 6a as a guide while taking a reaction force on the support 6a buried in the caisson skeleton 1. It can be easily changed during construction.

Further, a crawler type underwater excavator support machine (hereinafter referred to as a support machine) 8 (see FIG. 5) is disposed on the ground to drive and support the underwater excavator 5. The support machine 8 follows the movement of the underwater excavator 5 along the traveling rail 4 and travels on the ground, and supplies hydraulic pressure and electric power for driving the underwater excavator 5 and transmits and receives control signals. . Further, the underwater excavator 5 and the support machine 8 are connected by a detection wire, so that even if the underwater excavator 5 is working in a submerged state, the work position can be confirmed. . In addition, this support machine 8
Equipped with booms 8a and 8b that can be turned, extended and contracted and bent with respect to the traveling portion, and by adjusting the length, height and direction of the booms 8a and 8b, the cables, A hydraulic hose or the like can be dropped.

A general-purpose crawler crane (clamshell excavator) 9 is disposed outside the caisson frame 1. The crawler crane 9 is configured to be movable to an arbitrary position along the outer peripheral surface of the caisson body 1 and to be able to turn its boom 9a with respect to the traveling portion and to be able to raise and lower. A clamshell (grab) 10 suspended from the tip of the caisson 9a can be positioned at an arbitrary position inside the caisson frame 1. Thus, the clamshell 10 discharges the earth and sand excavated by the underwater excavator 5 into the outer space (the dump truck 11 and the like) of the caisson skeleton 1 and, at the same time, the central portion of the caisson skeleton 1 that cannot be excavated by the underwater excavator 5 Excavated by itself and also discharged to the space outside the caisson frame 1. In the present embodiment, two crawler cranes 9 are used to perform excavation and earth unloading work while sharing the respective work ranges.

In the construction system of this embodiment configured as described above, after the caisson K is pushed down to a predetermined position by the press-fitting machine 2 provided on the outer peripheral portion, the underwater excavation provided on the lower inner wall of the caisson frame 1 is performed. The excavator 5 is operated from the ground by the support device 8 to excavate earth and sand at the caisson blade while moving the underwater excavator 5 along the traveling rail 4. The excavated earth and sand is sequentially discharged by the clam shell 10 by operating the crawler crane 9 and loaded on the dump truck 11 or the like. In parallel with this excavation and unloading work, earth and sand at the center of the caisson frame 1 that cannot be excavated by the underwater excavator 5 is discharged while being excavated by the clamshell 10. The underwater excavator 5 is pulled up to a required position by the upper winch 6 when the caisson frame 1 is constructed, for example.

According to the construction system of this embodiment, the support device 8 for supporting the driving of the underwater excavator 5 is a crawler type, and the crawler crane 9 is used as a device for excavating and unloading earth and sand. Therefore, a large-scale device such as a conventional portal crane system is not required, and laying of rails or the like for running the portal crane is unnecessary. As a result, even if the caisson diameter is changed, there is no need to remanufacture various facilities, and a highly versatile system can be provided. In addition, since the support machine 8 is a self-propelled type, ancillary facilities and foundations for the support machine are not required, so that the construction cost can be reduced, and the installation period is unnecessary, and the construction period can be shortened. Also, there is no restriction on the occupied space product. Further, since a conventional general-purpose crawler crane can be used as the excavating / discharging device, it is extremely economical.

Although the construction system of the present embodiment is as described above, various modifications can be made to the system according to the gist of the present invention. Hereinafter, a modification of the construction system of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 6 to 10. In these modified examples, the same parts as those in the present embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

In the system shown in FIG. 6, a crawler-type jib crane 12 is used as a suspending device for the underwater excavator 5 instead of the winch 6 above the skeleton, and the jib crane 12 serves as a support machine 8. In addition, a cable / detection wire take-up reel 13 is provided. That is, the jib crane 12 and the cable
The detection wire take-up reel 13 constitutes an assisting device and elevating device. According to such a configuration, it is easy to achieve synchronization between the support device and the elevating device, and the system can be made more compact.

Next, FIG. 7 shows an example in which a boom type crawler crane 14 is used in place of the jib crane 12 in the system of FIG. With such a system, the same operation and effect as those in FIG. 6 can be obtained.

In the example shown in FIG. 8, the function of the support machine and the function of the elevating device are combined by a mobile crane 15 having a built-in weight type cable / detection wire winding device. It was done.

FIG. 9 shows an example in which, instead of the movable crane of FIG. 8, a fixed type crane 16 having a built-in weight type cable / detection wire winding device is used. . In this case, since it is necessary to support the underwater excavator 5 at the fixed position, the diameter of the caisson body 1 is restricted.

Next, what is shown in FIG. 10 is that the fixed jib crane 17 has a cable
This is an example in which a detection wire take-up reel wheel 13 is provided. This example is also subject to the same restrictions as in FIG.

The above is an example of a modification of the present embodiment, and it goes without saying that various other modifications are possible. In the case of the examples shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, it is necessary to modify a crane or the like generally used conventionally or to manufacture a dedicated machine.

In this embodiment, the support device 8 has been described as a crawler type, but the support device may be a tire type.

In the present embodiment, the underwater excavator 5 is lifted and lowered by the winch 6 above the skeleton, but a dedicated rail is laid on the inner wall of the caisson skeleton, for example, a chain drive. Alternatively, the underwater excavator may have a structure capable of self-propelling by a self-climbing mechanism or the like.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an entire configuration of an open caisson construction system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a winch on a skeleton,
(A) is a front view, (b) is a view on arrow C of (a).

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of an underwater excavator support machine.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a construction system according to a first modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a construction system according to a second modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a construction system according to a third modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a construction system according to a fourth modification of the present embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a construction system according to a fifth modification of the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Caisson body 2 Press-fitting machine 3 Earth anchor 4 Running rail 5 Underwater excavator 6 Winch on body 7 Vertical rail 8 Underwater excavator support machine 8a, 8b Boom 9 Crawler crane (clamshell excavator) 9a Boom 10 Clamshell 11 Dump Truck 12 Jib crane 13 Cable / detection wire take-up reel vehicle 14 Crawler crane 15 Mobile crane 16 Fixed crane 17 Fixed jib crane K caisson

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Kiyoshi Katsunuma 2-3-6 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Headquarters of Komatsu Ltd. (72) Inventor Kaoru Tanaka 2-3-6 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Komatsu Corporation (72) Inventor Takeshi Imamura 3-1-1 Ueno, Hirakata-shi, Osaka Komatsu Ltd., Osaka Plant

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An excavator movable along a traveling rail laid on a lower inner wall of a caisson skeleton for excavating earth and sand inside the caisson skeleton, and (b) an excavator provided outside the caisson skeleton. A trackless type support device for assisting the driving of the excavator, (c) an elevating device for moving the excavator up and down along the inner wall of the caisson frame, and (d) excavation of a required portion of the earth and sand inside the caisson frame -An open caisson construction system, comprising: an excavation and excavation device that excavates and excavates earth and sand excavated by the excavator. 2. The supporting machine is configured to be able to run along the outer peripheral surface of the caisson frame along with the movement of the excavator, and the lifting device is installed on an upper end surface of the caisson frame, and The construction of the open caisson according to claim 1, wherein the construction includes a winch for suspending the excavator, and the excavation / discharge device is a clamshell excavator capable of self-propelling along an outer peripheral surface of the caisson body. system. 3. An excavator movable along a traveling rail laid on a lower inner wall of the caisson skeleton for excavating earth and sand inside the caisson skeleton, and (b) provided outside the caisson skeleton. A trackless supporter / elevator for moving the excavator up and down along the inner wall of the caisson frame while supporting the driving of the excavator, and (c) excavating the required portion of the earth and sand inside the caisson frame -An open caisson construction system, comprising: an excavation and excavation device that excavates and excavates earth and sand excavated by the excavator.