JPH11193529A - Earth retaining method for underground work, and building method for underground structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an earth retaining method for underground work and a building method for underground structure wherewith earth retaining for preventing collapse of surrounding earth and building of an underground structure at an underground work site for building the underground structure are executed safely, simply and economically. SOLUTION: Surface soil is excavated to a specified depth at a site whereon a structure is to be built and its surroundings, and walings made from H-steels are arranged and fixed at the periphery of the ground, surrounding the site for building the structure, and a number of soldier piles made from H-steels are arranged at appropriate intervals at the front of a building-forming side of the squarely arranged walings 4 and driven into the ground. Then, each of the soldier piles 1 and each of the walings 4 are fastened with a connecting metal, and while the ground in front of the building side of the soldier piles 1 is appropriately excavated, retaining steel plates are pressed in and set to the ground at the front side in vacant spaces between the arranged soldier piles 1, and the retaining steel plates erected in a screenlike shape are used as external forms and underground external walls and pressure-resistant boards are formed at the floor ground and the front of the external forms.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an underground construction yarding method and an underground construction method for preventing collapse of surrounding earth and sand when forming an underground outer wall or the like when a small-scale building is constructed underground. Regarding the method of forming the object, in particular, the improvement of the material and the insertion method (mounting method) of the sheet pile of the retaining wall in the conventional retaining method and the improvement of the mounting position of the bulge as the retaining structure, and the cutting of the retaining structure as well. By eliminating the need for beams, the retaining wall can be used rationally as the outer formwork of the underground skeleton, and the upright portion of the underground skeleton can be constructed continuously with a single concrete casting. The present invention relates to an underground construction staking method and a method of forming an underground structure, which can safely, economically, and easily perform formation of a stake and an underground structure in an underground work as compared with the related art.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventional underground construction methods of excavation and formation of underground structures have been carried out, for example, by the methods shown in FIGS. That is, first, a large number of parent piles H-shaped steel 2 are driven in parallel at appropriate intervals so as to surround the periphery of the planned construction site of the construction ground 1, and the front and rear surfaces of the parallel parent piles 2 on the body formation side are dug out. At the same time, a bracket 3 with an angle or the like is welded to the front surface of the flange of the parent pile 2 on the side of the frame forming side, and an H-shaped steel 4 is attached through this, and a cutting beam 5 is bridged between the opposed uprights 4. The parent pile 2 is supported by being connected.
Concrete packing is applied to the gap between the stomach 4 and the parent pile 2. A large number of wooden horizontal sheet piles 6 are attached to the back surface opposite to the frame forming side on the front side of the flanges of the parallel parent piles 2 to block the space between the parent piles 2 and backfill the surplus portions. The retaining wall is formed. Next, excavate the front side of the parent pile 2 on the side of the skeleton forming side, arrange the formwork and concrete.
The underground skeleton was formed by casting, and after the formation, the parent pile 2, the uprights 4, and the cutting beam 5 were removed.

[0003]

However, in the case of this method, however, the material of the sheet pile 6 of the retaining wall and the method of insertion (the method of attaching to the parent pile), and the prong 4 as a support for the parent pile 2 are cut off. Beam 5
The mounting position and existence of the device are problematic, and have the following disadvantages. Because many wooden horizontal sheet piles are used as mountain retaining walls,
It must be cut and installed on site and the work of cutting and mounting is complicated. In addition, due to the installation procedure of the horizontal sheet pile, the appearance of voids is unavoidable, and the soil behind the ridge stays loose,
Lack of ground stability. In addition, it is necessary to dig and backfill the back of the parent pile to attach the horizontal sheet pile, which not only increases the cost and construction period, but also due to the gap due to backfilling of the excess digging part or the soil dropping of the backfill of the horizontal sheet pile. The ground becomes loose and consolidation settlement increases. Wooden horizontal sheet piles have a risk of subsidence due to corrosion due to their material, so that it is difficult to substitute the outer formwork of the underground outer wall. A large number of parallel parent piles are provided with a bulge on the front side of the frame forming side of the main pile, so that the bulge is installed after excavation of the front of the parent pile, and the mounting work involves a danger of poor scaffolding, Can't do it quickly. In addition, it is not possible to stably support the parent pile only by protruding, it is necessary to connect and support the opposing protuberances with cutting beams, and many members are used for stable support of the parent pile and the pier. I need. In addition, since there are ridges and cut beams of the shoring support in the site where the skeleton is to be constructed, the supporting material hinders the construction of the underground skeleton.
However, it is not possible to form the skeleton of the underground outer wall portion continuously at a time by casting, and as shown in FIG. 14, it is necessary to separately form and connect the upper and lower portions of the support material. Therefore, not only does it require a great deal of construction time and construction costs to form the skeleton, but also the number of joints for concrete casting increases, and the risk of water leakage from those parts also increases. With the pulling out of the parent pile after the formation of the skeleton, not only the surrounding ground is loosened due to the entrainment of the ground at the time of pulling out, but also an adverse effect is exerted on the underground skeleton after the concrete is cast.
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and by devising the material of the retaining wall and its mounting method to the parent pile, and the mounting position and mounting method of protruding the parent pile to the parent pile, the conventional art of Eliminates various difficulties and eliminates the need for cutting beams to reduce the number of support materials and saves labor for the shoring method, while effectively using the installed shoring wall as an outer formwork for forming the underground frame outer wall It can be used rationally and the support of the inner formwork can be simplified, and the rising part of the underground skeleton can be constructed continuously with a single concrete casting. An object of the present invention is to provide an underground construction yard construction method and an underground building formation method that can safely, economically, and easily perform formation of a ridge and an underground building in construction.

[0004]

The present invention employs the following means to achieve the above object. That is, topsoil excavation is performed at an appropriate depth within the construction site and around an appropriate range surrounding the construction site, and around the excavation ground, the H-shaped steel material is formed around the construction site. A large number of H-shape steel parent piles are installed in parallel in the ground at appropriate intervals on the front side of the body forming side of the flared material arranged in this square shape, and are installed and fixed in the ground. And the protruding material are tightened with a connection fitting, excavating the front side of the main body forming side of the parent pile, and press-fitting a retaining steel plate from above to the front side in the space between the parallel parent piles to form a folding screen. Set to form a retaining wall. And the steel plate which is erected in the form of a folding screen is used as an outer frame, and the underground outer wall and the pressure-resistant panel are formed by concrete casting on the front surface and the floor ground, respectively. This is to dismantle the lumber.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14 indicate the same components.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are explanatory views showing a pre-arrangement process of the H-section steel 4 for excavating and supporting the top soil. First, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, topsoil excavation is performed at a depth of about 800 mm from the ground in the construction site of the construction ground 1 and around an appropriate range surrounding the construction site. 8 above ground
A portion 7 having a depth of about 00 mm has soft topsoil soil deposited thereon. By removing the topsoil soil, the underground obstacle buried object can be reliably removed, and the grounding surface of the heavy construction equipment can be stabilized. In order to make the work safer, reduce the vibrations caused by the operation of heavy construction equipment, and confirm the changes in the ground geology.

[0007] Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the H-shaped steel member 4 is formed into a square shape by surrounding a site to be constructed around the topsoil excavation ground via a square concrete base 8. It is arranged, connected and fixedly installed. After the installation, the back side of each belly material 4 is backfilled with the remaining soil and solidified, and the parent pile setting positions are marked on the belly material 4 at predetermined intervals. Since the uplifting material 4 is set on the stable topsoil excavation ground, the work can be performed safely and promptly with a good footing.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a parent pile H is provided at each of the marked driving positions on the front side of the frame forming material 4 connected in a square shape on the frame forming side. The shaped steel 2 was press-fitted to a predetermined depth from above with a pile driving machine, and was driven in parallel.
As described above, the rear side of the flange of each parent pile H-section steel 2 and the protruding material H-section steel 4 are tightened by the connection fitting 9. The driving of the parent pile 2 can be performed easily and accurately because the pre-attached belly 4 serves as a ruler for marking the driving position as described above. Since the protruding material 4 is arranged on the rear side of the parent pile 2, a gap is formed between the protruding material 4 and the concrete pile on the front side of the parent pile 2 on the frame forming side as in the prior art. There is no need for interposition of packing. In addition, since the parent pile 2 is stably supported by the bellows 4 fixed to the topsoil excavated ground, it does not require any additional cutting beams 5 as a conventional support.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the front surface of the parent pile 2 on the skeleton forming side is excavated with a back fork.
The retaining steel sheet 10 is inserted into the space between the respective parent piles 2 in parallel with the front flange side in the space between the main piles 2 while being pressed out from above while the remaining soil is carried out by a back hood and set in a folding screen shape to form a retaining wall. At the same time as the completion of the retaining wall made of the retaining steel plate 10, the parent pile 2 and the tightened uplifting material 4 function effectively as a support before that, so that the retaining wall is stably supported. Also,
The retaining wall is formed by excavation and press-fitting to remove the ground with the retaining plate 10, so there is no need for backfilling as with conventional wooden sheet piles. There are no voids in the procedure, and the soil on the backside of the ridge stays slightly loose, contributing to the stability of the ground. Further, since it is not necessary to cut and install the steel sheet 10 on site as in the case of a conventional wooden sheet pile and it is sufficient to mechanically press-fit a prepared steel plate 10 prepared in advance, the labor for forming the retaining wall can be largely saved, There is no cutting loss of the retaining wall.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10, crushed stones are spread on the floor ground for vibration isolation, sufficiently hardened, and discarded concrete is poured on the upper surface thereof. At that time, the crushed stones are spread thickly in the central part of the floor ground in order to enhance the vibration isolation effect and form a pressure plate. Then, a metal separator 11 for a separator is projected and attached to the front surface of the retaining wall made of the retaining steel plate 10 by welding. Next, as shown in FIG. 11, a reinforcing bar is assembled on the floor ground on which the crushed stones are spread and discarded and the concrete is applied, and the concrete board 12 is formed by concrete casting. Concrete
Set the water stop plate at the joint of the g. In addition, wall reinforcement, wall slab formwork, and slab reinforcement are applied to the front of the retaining wall made of the parent pile 2 and the retaining steel plate 10, and the retaining wall is used as a substitute for the external formwork of the underground outer wall. By casting, an underground outer wall 13 serving as an underground standing body is formed. By using the retaining wall made of the retaining steel plate 10 as a substitute for the outer formwork of the underground outer wall 13,
Helps prevent moisture from entering the basement from underground soil. The main pile 2 and the retaining wall made of the retaining steel plate 10 are tightly integrated with the skeleton concrete and become a part of the structural member of the underground outer wall 13. Since the separator for the separator 11 is welded to the retaining wall so that the skeleton concrete and the retaining wall can be tightly integrated, the support of the inner formwork of the underground outer wall 13 can be simplified. -It is possible to eliminate the need for a single pressing member for preventing the form from collapsing at the time of casting. As a result, the work space in the basement room can be widened, leading to labor saving in formwork work. And, as in the prior art, the protruding material 4
Since there is no shore support for the girder and the girder 5, the underground erection work can be performed continuously by a single concrete casting, and the work efficiency of the construction is good. There is no inconvenience of water leakage from the joint of the concrete.

Next, as shown in FIG.
After the hardening, the H-shaped steel 4 of the buckling material of Yamadome support is dismantled and carried out. Then, the space after dismantling is used as a place for buried piping of equipment, and after the piping, backfilling is performed.
I'm doing.

[0012]

Since the present invention has the above-described structure, the above-mentioned various disadvantages of the prior art are surely solved, and the following specific effects can be obtained.

The invention according to claim 1 has the following effects. (1) Excavation of topsoil was performed on the construction ground to remove soft corrosive soil that had accumulated in the topsoil, so that the ground where the construction heavy equipment was grounded was stabilized, and work safety was improved. The accompanying vibration is reduced, and the propagation of the vibration wave to nearby places can be greatly reduced. (2) Prior to driving the parent pile for mounting and supporting the retaining wall,
The uplifting material supporting the parent pile is installed and fixed on the stable excavation ground by topsoil excavation, and the parent pile is driven into the front side of the frame forming side, and the parent pile and the uplifting material are tightened with the connection fitting As a result, the work of connecting the protruding material to the parent pile can be performed safely, quickly, easily, and reliably on a stable scaffold as compared with the related art. And, since the uplifting material is stably arranged on the excavated ground, it can function as a ruler for driving the parent pile and can increase the driving accuracy. The cutting beam spanned between the raising members can be made unnecessary, and the number of supporting members is reduced, which is economical. (3) A commercially available steel plate was used as the retaining wall connected between the parent piles, and mechanically press-fitted so that the ground was scraped off at the tip of the steel plate and inserted between the parent piles. There is no need to dig and backfill for mounting horizontal sheet piles as in the past, and there is no need to cut on site, making it easier, more economical, faster, easier and more reliable to form the retaining wall than before. it can. And since the material of the retaining wall is a steel plate and the above-mentioned excavation and backfilling are not required, there is no gap between the backfill soil and the installation procedure of the horizontal sheet pile as in the conventional horizontal sheet pile. Soil looseness at the back of the mountain is small, contributing to the stabilization of the ground.
In addition, there is no fear that the land subsidence of the earth behind the ridge will become a concern in the future due to the corrosion of the sheet pile. (4) The stud wall is also stably supported by the stable support of the parent pile by the bulging material of the preceding attachment. (5) Due to the material and stable support of the retaining steel plate, the retaining wall can be effectively and rationally used as the outer formwork for forming the outer wall of the underground skeleton. (6) As described above, according to the present invention, the pier work required for forming the outer wall of the underground skeleton can be performed safely, economically, and easily as compared with the related art.

The invention according to claim 2 has the following effects. (1) Unlike the conventional method, there is no buckling material and girder support in the site where the skeleton is to be constructed, so the support does not hinder the construction of the underground skeleton. Thus, the underground skeleton of the underground outer wall and the pressure-resistant panel can be raised and formed continuously at a time, and the construction period of the underground skeleton can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced. In addition,
There is no splicing part and no danger of water leakage from the connection. (2) The retaining wall made of steel plate is used as the outer formwork of the outer wall of the underground skeleton, and the receiver for the separator is projected from the retaining wall, and the parent pile together with the retaining wall and the concrete of the skeleton are bonded together. As a result, the number of members of the inner and outer forms can be reduced, and the work of disposing the forms can be simplified. Also,
The work space in the basement room is reduced as much as possible because it does not require a pusher to prevent the formwork from collapsing due to the side pressure at the time of concrete casting, and simplifies the support of the inner formwork of the underground outer wall. And can contribute to labor saving in formwork construction. (3) The parent pile and the retaining wall made of steel plate are integrated with the outer wall of the underground skeleton to form a part of its structure. There is no inconvenience of loosening and impact on the underground frame after concrete is cast. (4) Since the steel retaining wall is used as a substitute for the outer formwork of the outer wall of the underground skeleton, it is possible to reliably prevent moisture from entering the basement from underground soil. (5) Since the floor of the underground skeleton is made of a pressure-resistant board using a crushed stone buffer zone, vibration waves such as earthquakes are sufficiently mitigated, and sensitive vibrations can be suppressed as small as possible. (6) As described above, the present invention makes it possible to form an underground building safely, economically, and easily as compared with the related art.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention when a protruding material is provided.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a plan view at the time of driving the parent pile and tightening the protruding material.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.

FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the same.

FIG. 7 is a plan view at the time of press-fit arrangement of a steel plate and root cutting in a planned construction site.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view of the same.

FIG. 9 is a partially enlarged sectional view of the same.

FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view when an underground frame pressure plate is formed on the floor ground.

FIG. 11 is a longitudinal sectional view when an underground skeleton outer wall is formed.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing backfilling in a space after disassembly with the abdomen upset.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional underground construction shoring method.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of the conventional underground building forming method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 construction ground 2 main pile 3 bracket (conventional example) 4 flared material 5 cutting beam (conventional example) 6 horizontal sheet pile (conventional example) 7 topsoil excavated portion 8 base for mounting flared material 9 connection bracket 10 mountain Clamped steel plate 11 Separator metal fittings 12 Pressure proof panel frame 13 Underground outer wall frame 14 Backfilling after dismantling

Claims (2)

[Claims] An excavated soil is formed at an appropriate depth over an inside of a site where a skeleton is to be constructed and around an appropriate area surrounding the site, and an overhanging member of H-shaped steel is formed around the digging ground around the site where the skeleton is to be constructed. A large number of H-shape steel parent piles are driven into the ground in parallel at appropriate intervals on the front side of the frame forming side of the belly-raising material, which is arranged in a square shape. Tighten the riser with connecting metal fittings to excavate the front side of the parent pile on the skeleton forming side, and press-fit a mountain retaining steel plate from above into the front side in the space between the parallel parent piles and set it in a folding screen shape. An underground construction yarding method characterized by forming a dome wall. 2. Excavation of topsoil to an appropriate depth over the inside of the site where the skeleton is to be constructed and around an appropriate area surrounding the site, and surrounding the site where the skeleton is to be constructed around the excavated ground, the H-shaped steel barb raising material A large number of H-shape steel parent piles are driven into the ground in parallel at appropriate intervals on the front side of the frame forming side of the belly-raising material, which is arranged in a square shape. Tighten the riser with connecting metal fittings to excavate the front side of the parent pile on the skeleton forming side, and press-fit a mountain retaining steel plate from above into the front side in the space between the parallel parent piles and set it in a folding screen shape. The retaining wall is formed, and the retaining steel plate standing in the shape of a folding screen is used as an outer formwork, and the underground outer wall and the pressure-resistant panel are formed by concrete casting on the front surface and the floor ground. And dismantling the belly-raising material after forming an underground outer wall and a pressure plate. The method of forming the object.