JPH11183961A - Film unit with lens - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily and inexpensively vary an aperture diaphragm and to obtain appropriate exposure within a wide subject luminance range by generating heat based on the information of a photoelectric conversion element and changing the aperture diaphragm by the displacement of shape memory material having property that the shape is displaced by the heat. SOLUTION: If a shutter release button is depressed, the luminance of a subject is measured by a photoconductive element and a heater for heating 34 is heated by a diaphragm control circuit 31. As a result, a heated diaphragm blade driving member 21 is displaced to the memory shape. By such displacement, a diaphragm blade 11 is turned clockwise and the 2nd aperture diaphragm 112 is set on the optical axis of a photographing lens. Thereafter, a shutter is actuated to perform exposure. When energizing and heating are not performed, the shape memory material of the member 21 is softened and becomes in linear shape by a spring 22, then the blade 11 is restored to a home position. When the subject is dark, the state of the 1st aperture diaphragm 7 is kept.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a film unit with a lens, and more particularly, to a film unit with a lens having a variable aperture stop.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A film unit with a lens in which an unexposed film is loaded in a camera body and the camera body itself is disassembled to take out an exposed film inside after photographing is completed, the structure is simplified as much as possible. A fixed aperture stop and a fixed shutter speed are used because the camera body itself is manufactured at low cost.

[0003]

However, it is generally said that the distribution of light and darkness of light in the natural world is 200 times as large as that of a bright place with respect to the dark place. Therefore, when the aperture stop is fixed and the shutter speed is fixed, there is a problem that the range of the subject luminance that can be photographed is narrowed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to change an aperture stop easily and inexpensively.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a lens-equipped film unit for obtaining proper exposure in a wide range of subject brightness.

[0005]

The above objects are achieved by the following means. That is, in a film unit with a lens of a type in which an unexposed film is loaded in the camera body and the camera body itself is disassembled to take out the exposed film inside after photographing is completed, a photoelectric conversion element and a photoelectric conversion element Heat generating means for generating heat based on the information;
A film unit with a lens, comprising: aperture control means for changing an aperture stop by displacement of a shape memory material having a property of being displaced in shape by being heated by the heat generating means.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 1 is an external perspective view according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the diaphragm blade in a first aperture stop state, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a front view of the second aperture stop state, and FIG. 4 is an electrical block diagram of aperture control.

In FIG. 1, a film unit with a lens (also referred to as a camera) 1 is a type in which an unexposed film is loaded in a camera body, and after completion of photographing, the camera body itself is disassembled to take out the exposed film inside. Camera.
The camera 1 is provided with a photographic lens 3 substantially at the center of the front surface of the main body 2, and a finder 4, a photoelectric conversion element 32, a film winding knob 5 on the left side, and a shutter release button 6 on the upper surface when viewed from the front. I have. The film winding knob 5 is configured to wind the roll film loaded in the main body 2 one frame at a time by a one-way rotation operation. The film uses ISO standard sensitivity 800.

2 and 3, the heat generating means 34 generates heat based on information of the photoelectric conversion element 32 (FIG. 1). Also, the aperture control means changes the aperture stop by the displacement of the shape memory material having the property of being displaced by being heated by the heat generating means.

The diaphragm blade 11 has a base 111 rotatably supported by a support shaft 12 provided on a fixed portion of the main body 2, and has a first aperture stop 7 fixed to the main body due to the reciprocating rotation thereof; Switching to the second aperture stop 112 provided on the aperture blade 11 is possible. For example, the aperture value is F9 for the first aperture stop 7 and F22 for the second aperture stop 112.

An operation projection 113 extending upward is formed on the base 111 of the aperture blade 11, and is engaged with a projection 212 of the aperture blade drive member 21. The spring 13 urges the diaphragm blade 11 counterclockwise in FIG.
Reference numeral 4 denotes a pin that is fixed when the aperture blade 11 is retracted from the first aperture stop 7.

The right end portion 211 of the diaphragm blade driving member 21 is fixed to a fixed portion of the main body 2, and the left end portion 212 is configured to be displaceable in the left-right direction in FIGS. The aperture blade driving member 21 is a member for driving the aperture blade 11 back and forth,
It has the property that it is formed of a shape memory material and changes its shape due to the current-carrying heating action, for example, has the property of returning to a memory shape when current is applied. The spring 22 is a spring for softening the shape memory material and extending the diaphragm blade driving member linearly when power is not supplied.

Referring to FIG. 4, the electric block for controlling the aperture will be described. The photoconductive element 321 which is a photoelectric conversion element has a smaller electric resistance when exposed to light, and a larger electric resistance when darkened. With properties, eg Cds
An element like an element. The aperture control circuit 31 outputs a signal to turn on the heating switch 33 when a predetermined brightness value is reached when the subject is bright based on the photometric information of the photoconductive element 321. The heating switch 33 turns the heater 34 ON and OFF. The heater 34 heats the shape memory material 21. The built-in battery 35 is a battery built in the film with a lens, and is used as a power source for the heater 34.

Here, the operation of the aperture stop will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4 when the subject is bright. When the shutter release button 6 (FIG. 1) is pressed, the brightness of the subject is measured by the photoconductive element 321. The heater 34 is heated by the aperture control circuit 31, and as a result, the heated aperture blade driving member 21 is displaced into a memorized shape. Due to this displacement, the aperture blade 11 rotates clockwise, and the second aperture stop 112 is set on the optical axis of the taking lens. Thereafter, the shutter is operated to perform exposure. Here, when the energization heating is not performed, the diaphragm blade driving member 21 is softened by the shape memory material and becomes linear by the spring 22 as shown in FIG. 2, and the diaphragm blade 11 returns to the original position. When the subject is dark, the first aperture stop remains as it is.

As described above, the aperture stop can be changed easily and inexpensively, and an appropriate exposure can be obtained in a wide range of subject brightness.

(Embodiment 2) Embodiment 2 is a modification of Embodiment 1 and different parts will be described. Note that members that are mechanically and functionally the same as those in Embodiment 1 are given the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are partially omitted. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing electrical blocks related to aperture control according to another embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the photoelectric conversion element uses the photovoltaic element 322, and the film has the ISO standard sensitivity of 1600. In addition, there is no strobe device, and no battery is built in. The photovoltaic element 322 is an element that generates an electromotive force between electrodes when absorbing light energy. Further, the shape memory material is heated by the electromotive force of the photovoltaic element 322. As described above, by the electromotive force of the photovoltaic element 322,
Since the shape memory material is heated, a power supply for heating is not required. The built-in film is ISO standard sensitivity 16
Compared to a film unit with a lens lower than 00, a subject with a lower brightness can be photographed.

(Embodiment 3) Embodiment 3 is a modification of Embodiments 1 and 2, which is another film unit with a lens according to the present invention. This is to switch between the one aperture stop and the second aperture stop. Parts different from the first and second embodiments will be described. In addition,
Members that are mechanically and functionally the same as those in Embodiments 1 and 2 are given the same reference numerals, and description thereof is partially omitted.

FIG. 6 is a view when the diaphragm blade of another embodiment is in the second aperture diaphragm state. 6, the release lever 41 is rotatable about a support shaft 50, locks the slide lever 42, and operates counterclockwise when the shutter release button 6 (FIG. 1) is pressed. One end of the slide lever 42 is detachable from the release lever 41, and the other end is in contact with the aperture blade driving member 44. The slide lever 42 has a long groove, and the pin 51 is engaged.
The slide lever 42 is urged by a spring 43.
The aperture blade driving member 44 has a long groove, and the pin 52 is engaged. One end of the diaphragm blade driving member 44 is in contact with the slide lever 42, the diaphragm blade 11 is driven by a projection 443, and the other end detects the projection 467 of the diaphragm detection member 46.

The support member 49 holds the shape memory material 48 and the spring 47. The shape memory material 48 returns to the memorized shape by the energizing heating action, and when not energized, softens and displaces the projection 467 of the aperture detecting member 46 downward in the figure by the action of the spring 47. . When the subject is bright based on photometric information of a photoelectric conversion element (not shown), the aperture control circuit 31 turns on the energizing heating switch and heats the shape memory material 48 to a memory shape.

The operation of the aperture stop will now be described. Second
When the aperture stop is selected and exposure is performed, when the shutter release button 6 (see FIG. 1) is pressed, the heater 34 is turned on by the aperture control circuit 31 based on the information of the photoelectric conversion element, and the shape memory material 48 is stored in the memory shape. Then, the position of the protrusion 467 as shown in FIG. 6 is reached, and the protrusion 442 of the diaphragm blade driving member 44 is not blocked. Next, the release lever 41
Rotates counterclockwise about the support shaft 50, the slide lever 42 is locked, and the slide lever 42 is
3 moves in the direction of arrow 421. at the same time,
The diaphragm blade driving member 44 is moved by an arrow 44 by the action of the spring 45.
1 and the projection 443 acts on the operation projection 113 of the diaphragm blade 11 to rotate the diaphragm blade 11 clockwise against the spring 13. Then, as shown in FIG.
12 is set on the optical axis of the taking lens. Next, the shutter blades are opened and closed about the support shaft by a shutter mechanism (not shown) to perform exposure.

Next, when the first aperture stop 7 is selected and exposure is performed, when the shutter release button 6 (see FIG. 1) is pressed, the aperture control circuit 31 is operated based on the information of the photoelectric conversion element.
As a result, the heater does not enter, and the shape memory material 48 is in a softened state, and is compressed by the action of the spring 47. Protrusion 46
The position 7 is on the lower side in the figure, and blocks the projection 442 of the diaphragm blade driving member 44. The release lever 41 is supported on the support shaft 50.
, The slide lever 42 is locked, and the slide lever 42 is moved in the direction of the arrow 421 by the action of the spring 43. Aperture blade drive member 44
Tries to move in the direction of arrow 441 by the action of the spring 45, but the projection 442 blocks the projection 467, so that the aperture blade 11 does not rotate and the first aperture stop 7 is set on the optical axis of the taking lens. Is done. Next, exposure is performed by a shutter mechanism (not shown).

Thereafter, when the film winding knob 5 (FIG. 1) of the diaphragm blade 11 is operated, the slide lever 42 moves in the direction opposite to the arrow 421, and at the same time, the diaphragm blade driving member 44 also moves in the same direction. Then, the aperture blade 11 rotates counterclockwise by the action of the spring 13 and hits the stopper 14 to return to the original position and stop.

As described above, it is possible to easily change the aperture stop by detecting the minute displacement of the shape memory material.

Although the aperture stop is switched in two steps in the embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this. The aperture stop may be switched in two or more steps. In the embodiment, the first aperture stop is an aperture stop fixed to the main body. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a first aperture stop and a second aperture stop may be provided on an aperture blade.

[0026]

According to the above configuration, the following effects can be obtained. According to the first aspect of the present invention, a photoelectric conversion element, a heat generation unit that generates heat based on information of the photoelectric conversion element, and a property that a shape is displaced by being heated by the heat generation unit Since the aperture control means for changing the aperture stop by the displacement of the shape memory material is provided, the aperture stop can be changed easily and inexpensively, and an appropriate exposure can be obtained in a wide subject luminance range.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, a photoconductive element whose electric resistance changes when the photoelectric conversion element absorbs light energy, or an energy is absorbed when light is irradiated and an electromotive force is generated between the electrodes. Since the photovoltaic element is generated, it is possible to accurately measure the luminance of the subject.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the aperture control means switches between two stages: a first aperture stop fixed to the main body, and a movable second aperture stop having a smaller opening area than the first aperture stop. Since it is possible, the control of the aperture stop becomes simple.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the power source for the energization heating of the shape memory material uses at least a built-in battery used for charging the strobe, a dedicated heating power source becomes unnecessary. The cost can be reduced and the size can be reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the power source for energizing and heating the shape memory material is the electromotive force generated by the photovoltaic element, the cost can be reduced and the size can be reduced. .

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the film to be used has the ISO standard sensitivity of 800 or more, the aperture stop can be made larger than that of the low film sensitivity such as ISO standard sensitivities of 100 and 400. The depth can be increased.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the loaded film has an ISO standard sensitivity of 1600 or more, is a photovoltaic element, and has no strobe device and a built-in battery. A subject with lower brightness can be photographed as compared with a film unit with a low lens, and there is no strobe device or a built-in battery, so that the size and cost are reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of an embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view when an aperture blade is in a first aperture stop state.

FIG. 3 is a front view when an aperture blade is in a state of a second aperture stop.

FIG. 4 is an electrical block diagram of an aperture control unit.

FIG. 5 is an electrical block diagram of an aperture control unit according to another embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a front view of the aperture blade according to another embodiment in a state of a second aperture stop.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 6 shutter release button 7 first aperture stop 11 aperture blade 112 second aperture stop 21 aperture blade drive member (shape memory material) 22 spring 31 aperture control circuit 32 photoelectric conversion element 321 photoconductive element 322 photovoltaic element 33 heating switch 34 Heater (heat generating means) 35 Built-in battery 42 Slide lever 44 Aperture blade drive member 46 Aperture detection member 48 Shape memory material

Claims (7)

[Claims] An unexposed film is loaded in a camera body, and after completion of photographing, the camera body is disassembled to take out an exposed film therein. Heat generating means for generating heat based on information of the conversion element, and aperture control means for changing an aperture stop by displacement of a shape memory material having a property of displacing a shape when heated by the heat generating means. A film unit with a lens. 2. The photoelectric conversion element is a photoconductive element whose electric resistance changes when light energy is absorbed, or a photovoltaic element which generates an electromotive force between the electrodes when light energy is absorbed. The film unit with a lens according to claim 1. 3. The aperture control device according to claim 1, wherein said aperture control means can switch between two stages of a first aperture stop and a second aperture stop having an aperture area smaller than that of said first aperture stop. The film unit with the lens described. 4. The film unit with a lens according to claim 1, wherein a built-in battery used for strobe charging is used as power for energizing and heating the shape memory material. 5. An electric power source for energizing and heating the shape memory material,
The film unit with a lens according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the film unit is an electromotive force generated by the photovoltaic element. 6. The lens-fitted film unit according to claim 1, wherein the loaded film has a sensitivity of 800 or more according to the ISO standard. 7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the loaded film has a sensitivity of 1600 or more according to ISO standard, the photoelectric conversion element is a photovoltaic element, and a strobe device and a built-in battery are not provided. Film unit with lens.