JPH11131438A - Processing method and device for sedimentary layer in vicinity of mouth river-mouth - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To separately gather useful materials from a water bottom sediment by transferring sedimentary earth and sand in the vicinity of a river-mouth on the water by a transfer pipe, separating an object, earth-sand and water by performing a separating means on a mixture, and abandoning earth and sand and water to the outside of a work area. SOLUTION: Earth and sand is sucked in from a lower part of a transfer pipe 1 suspended to a water bottom and jet water is blown in the flowing direction into an upper proper place of the transfer pipe 1, and a rising flow is generated in the pipe 1. Next, a mixture of earth and sand and water raised on a pontoon 2 is sieved by water while moving in the lateral direction on the pontoon 2, and are separated into fine sand containing placer gold, unnecessary earth and sand and water. The fine sand is transferred to a refinery by receiving it by a transfer ship by packing it or without packing it on the pontoon 2. While, abandoning earth and sand is transferred on the water up to the outside of a work area by an abandoning pipe 3, and is abandoned to the sea bottom. Therefore, useful materials can be efficiently separated by small energy from a layer containing the useful materials such as placer gold, tin, titanium and diamond sieved by natural water by being accumulated in the vicinity of a river mouth.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the treatment of a sedimentary layer near a river mouth for excavating a sedimentary layer of sediment deposited near the river mouth flowing from an upstream of the river and sorting and collecting useful materials. The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus. The estuary in the present invention includes not only an estuary flowing into the ocean but also an estuary flowing into a lake or swamp.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it has been known that when soil or the like accumulates on a river or a dam, it is dredged to maintain a predetermined water depth.

[0003] Also, a technique is known in which water and earth and sand are transferred from outside the landfill area into a landfill partition on the coast or lake shore.

[0004]

Conventionally known dredging of rivers, lakes, dams, and the like has exclusively consisted of lifting sediments at the bottom of the water above the water and discarding the sediments out of rivers and the like. Also, in landfills such as coastal areas, the purpose is to transfer a mixture of earth and sand and water from one (outside the landfill) to the other (landfill), and there is no necessity and there is no necessity for any technology for sedimentation. Was. Conventionally, industrial mining of gold dust has been carried out exclusively on land, and the methods of excavation, transportation and elutriation of gold dust etc. are based on technologies from thousands of years, and large machines have been introduced for drilling and transportation at present. , But nothing but improved efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, in most gold mines, the conditions under which land work is possible are considered to be the limits of economically operating the mine.
When the excavation position reached the water level and water began to flow, it was impossible to excavate and was abandoned.

Therefore, there is no mining on the vast riverbed and the water bottom near the estuary, and only a small amount of manual mining and elutriation is performed, and it is considered that most of the mining is impossible.
There was no technical idea of efficient underwater mining. On the other hand, when there is a gold mine upstream of the river, gold dust is transported along with the earth and sand to the downstream and near the estuary due to flooding, and is enriched by natural elutriation. That is, even in the case of a poor ore that is low in the content of gold and the like that cannot be economically mined upstream of the river, the content may significantly increase as a result of natural elutriation and become rich. . In addition, natural elutriation results may indicate that conventional mining methods cannot be industrially and economically profitable.

[0007] That is, if gold or the like at the bottom of the water can be transferred onto the water together with earth and sand with extremely little energy, industrial and economical mining of the estuary floor was possible, but such a technique is of course not required. There were no research or proposals for any technical development.

[0008]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention, however, uses a conventionally known relatively shallow water bottom to excavate, transfer a mixture of earth and sand, etc. and water in a horizontal direction, and use it for reclamation of coasts and the like. River estuary based on utilizing some of the existing technologies and conducting further research and development to lift sediment and other bottom sediment above the water, elutriate during transportation, and return unnecessary sediment to the water bottom outside the work area We have completed the basic technology for separating useful materials from sediments such as underwater sediments.

In other words, the invention of the method is to lift sediment or the like at a desired position near the estuary together with water onto a water by a transfer pipe, and to separate the mixture of the earth and sand with the water to separate the object, the earth and the sand from the water. A method for treating a sedimentary layer in the vicinity of an estuary, wherein the sediment and water are discarded outside the work area, and the separation means is a specific gravity selection, a vibrating sieve or a cyclone. In addition, sedimentary sand, etc., is earth and sand containing gold dust, earth and sand containing tin or titanium, precious stones,
Earth and sand containing semi-precious stones or diamonds,
The lifting force of the soil and the like by the transfer pipe utilizes the jet energy of the fluid.

[0010] Next, the invention of the apparatus is provided with a means for suctioning and excavating soil and the like on one side of the barge, and a separating means for separating an object from a mixture of earth and sand and water at the center of the barge. , A sediment layer treatment device near the river mouth characterized by the installation of sediment and water transfer and disposal means after separation of the target material,
The excavating means blows out a jet fluid into the transfer pipe to apply an accelerating force to the mixture of earth and sand, thereby generating a suction force at the end of the transfer pipe to suction and excavate the sediment. Further, the sorting means is a specific gravity selection, a vibrating sieve or a cyclone, and the transfer and disposal means transfers the mixture of the sediment and water of the separation residue to the outside of the work area by a waste pipe and discharges it into the sea. is there.

[0011] According to the method and apparatus described above, an estuary bed (eg, a sedimentary layer on a continental shelf extending 2,000 m offshore from the estuary) is continuously and massively mined with very little energy, elutriated, and the target is separated. Can be collected.

When gold ore, tin ore, titanium ore, precious stone, semi-precious stone, diamond ore, etc. are present in the upstream basin of the river, gold or tin, tin ore from the estuary by natural elutriation. , Titanium, precious stones, semi-precious stones, diamonds and the like are sequentially distributed in a hierarchical structure in a plane. Therefore, if the transfer pipe is suspended from the barge on the water to the sedimentary layer, and an upward acceleration force is applied to the transfer pipe on the barge or in the shallow water area, the water in the transfer pipe will be discharged according to the magnitude of the acceleration force. Blow up. In this case, the lower end of the transfer pipe has a water depth of 20 m.
In so pressure of 100 kg / cm ² at 20 kg / cm ^2, 100 m is hanging in upper end of the transfer pipe 10 kg /
When an acceleration force of ² cm is applied, the pressure balance in the transfer pipe is lost, and at a water depth of 20 m, 10 kg / cm ² , 10
At 0 m, the water and the soil at the bottom are pushed up by a water pressure difference of 90 kg / cm ² .

Therefore, when the lower end of the transfer pipe faces the soil and the like at the bottom of the water, the soil and the like and the water are sucked by the pressure difference and transferred to the water. For example, in the case of an upflow of 3 m / sec, the mixing ratio of earth and sand to water is 20% to 30%.
If the inner diameter of the transfer pipe is 1 m, then 2.
Blow up 3m ³ / sec of earth and sand and water. Therefore, the amount of soil is 1.5 tons / sec (however, the average specific gravity is 2.6 and the mixing ratio is 20%). In this way, 5510 per hour
Approximately 130,000 tonnes of earth and sand can be lifted above the water per day.

In the above calculation, a transfer pipe having a diameter of 1 m was used, the mixing ratio of the transferred material was 20%, and the flow velocity was 3 m / sec.
Although the numerical value fluctuates significantly depending on the diameter of the transfer pipe and the selection of the flow velocity, it is suspected that it will greatly exceed the conventional ordinary gold dust mining performance (for example, several hundred tons per day). There is no room for it.

According to the present invention, regardless of the enormous amount of waste, the waste earth and sand can be removed from the seabed far away from the work area (for example, 3
Since it is dumped on the water bottom (up to 5 km away), there is almost no treatment energy and there is no risk of pollution. For example, if the tip of the dump pipe is inserted close to the bottom of the water, there is no risk of underwater contamination as well as on the water. Also, the waste is originally sedimentary sediment near the estuary, so there is no danger of containing any special harmful substances.

Since the transfer by the transfer pipe and elutriation all use flow energy, human labor can be reduced even if a machine is monitored, a barge is moved, elutriation separated (object) packaging and the like are included. , A few to a dozen or more people can be processed sufficiently. According to the conventional method, 50,000 tons / day of gold dust and earth is processed by 500 people to 1 person.
Obviously, there is a great difference in processing effort since 000 people are required.

In the case where the amount of the object to be separated is large, a well-known transportation means such as a gravel carrier can sufficiently achieve the purpose without using a packaging means. There are various methods for separating gold dust and other objects from the mixture of earth and sand and water in the above, but it is necessary to consider that the mixture of gravel and water is in a fluid state and that the amount of treatment is enormous. Basically, the automatic elutriation using the specific gravity of the solid matter in the mixture can be easily and efficiently performed by the above apparatus.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention suctions and transports sediment and an object from a water bottom near an estuary, separates it on a barge, and removes unnecessary waste such as earth and sand onto the water bottom again. This is a method of treating sediment to be returned. In order to carry out the above method, a transfer pipe for sucking and transferring soil and the like is suspended from a barge on the water to a required length, and an acceleration means by a jet fluid is provided above the transfer pipe, It is processed by elutriation to separate the target object (mixture of fine sand and gold dust, approximately 1% of the total earth and sand) on a barge, and unnecessary earth and sand is returned to the water bottom again by a waste pipe. Device.

For the elutriation, specific gravity selection, a vibrating sieve, a cyclone and other conventionally known various devices are used alone or in combination. In any case, the mixture of earth and sand and water is, for example, 3 m
Since the fluid is flowed at / sec, by using this energy as appropriate, there is little need for special energy for elutriation.

The waste earth and sand is transported over the water by a waste pipe, and when it is sufficiently offshore, the end of the waste pipe is suspended in the water, and the lower end is opened as close to the bottom of the water as possible. There is no risk of marine pollution due to According to this invention, the sediment near the water bottom is sucked into the transfer pipe by water pressure. Then, the last part of the transfer pipe (water level 0-3m
Jet water (or a mixture of water and air) is blown at the end of the transfer pipe, and an acceleration force is applied to the water at the end of the transfer pipe. A suction force is generated at the lower end of the pipe, and soil and water near the lower end of the transfer pipe are sucked. Therefore, the mixing ratio between the water and the earth and sand in the ascending flow is determined by the degree of proximity between the lower end of the transfer pipe and the upper surface of the earth and sand, but the amount of earth and sand is adjusted to 20% to 30% in order to maintain a smooth transfer state. It is desirable to do. In this case, the distance between the sediment surface at the bottom of the water and the suction port at the lower end of the transfer pipe is determined by the difficulty of the collapse of the sediment surface, but since the degree of collapse in the sedimentary layer of the river is not significantly different,
If experimentally obtained, the best interval can be easily set.

For example, if a coarse basket (for example, formed into a hemispherical shape with a grid of steel wires at intervals of 50 mm) is attached to the lower end of the transfer pipe, an inlet at the lower end of the transfer pipe is provided.
The distance from the earth and sand surface can be kept constant by the hemispherical basket. In the above description, the case where the accelerating device is provided on the water has been described. However, the accelerating device may be installed below the water surface to adopt a push-up acceleration method. Also in this case, the accelerator uses the water pressure (head pressure) sufficiently, and has a high depth (for example, 40 to
100 m), the object can be sufficiently achieved by providing it in shallow water of 5 m to 20 m.

[0022]

Embodiment 1 The method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

According to the present invention, the transfer pipe 1 is suspended to a target water bottom, and earth and sand are sucked in from the lower part of the transfer pipe 1. In this case, jet water (water or a mixture of water and air) is blown toward the flow direction at an appropriate place above the transfer pipe 1 to generate an upward flow into the transfer pipe 1.

As described above, the mixture of earth and sand and water lifted onto the barge 2 is elutriated while moving on the barge 2 in the horizontal direction, and fine sand containing gold dust and the like is removed. Separation into sediment and water. The fine sand is wrapped on a barge or received without being wrapped by a transfer boat and transferred to a refining place. On the other hand, waste sediment is transported over the water to outside the work area by waste pipe 3,
Discard on the sea floor. The above-described series of processing effectively uses the energy of sucking up the earth and sand. When acceleration is required for transferring the waste, jet water is appropriately blown into the waste pipe to adjust the flow rate of the waste.

[0025]

Embodiment 2 An apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

Using the crane 4 on one side of the barge 2, the transfer pipe 1 is inserted into the water, and the basket 5 at the lower end of the transfer pipe 1 is brought into contact with the bottom of the water.

A jet device 6 is installed on the barge 2 and its nozzle is inserted near the end of the transfer pipe 1. Therefore, acceleration is applied to the mixture of earth, sand and water in the transfer pipe 1. Then, the mixture moves in the horizontal pipe 7. The mixture enters the elutriator 8 where the flow rate is reduced to 1 /
It is reduced to 2/3 (for example, 1 m / sec), separated into fine sand and coarse particles (for example, particles having a size of 2 to 5 mm or more), and the fine sand is received by the transfer ship 10 via the guide pipe 9. . On the other hand, the separated wastewater and coarse particles are carried out of the work area by the waste pipe 3 and are discarded on the seabed 12 via the injection pipe 11. In the drawing, reference numeral 13 denotes a float supporting the waste pipe 3. In the above embodiment, when the motor is started and the jet device 6 (for example, a pressurizing pump) is operated, pressurized water or the like is blown into the transfer pipe 1 from a nozzle thereof. This produces suction, ascending, and cross-flows such as 14, 15, and 16 (FIG. 4). Then, since water and earth and sand are sucked from the lower end of the transfer pipe 1, the mixture of water and earth and sand is lifted onto the barge 2, elutriated by the elutriation device 8, and fine sand including gold dust is transferred. Loaded on ship 10,
The waste soil flows in the waste pipe 3 as indicated by arrows 17 and 18 and returns to the seabed 12 as indicated by arrow 19 through the injection pipe 11.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is an example of an elutriation apparatus.
A vibrating sieve was used. That is, the transfer pipe 1 faces the vibrating sieve 21 on the barge 2. The vibrating sieve 21 is configured such that net plates 22a, 22b, and 22c are obliquely provided on the sieve frame 23 at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction (for example, inclined at 10 to 20 degrees).
c, a funnel-shaped fine sand receiver 24 is set under the fine sand receiver 24.
The base end of the guide pipe 9 is connected to the lower end of the. The lower ends of the mesh plates 22a, 22b, 22c face the water tank 25, into which the base end 3a of the waste pipe 3 is inserted. In the figure, 26 is a vibrator, and 27 is a jet device.

In the above embodiment, when a mixture of earth and sand and water is discharged from the transfer pipe 1 onto the vibrating sieve 21 as shown by the arrow 28, the large stones 29 (for example, 10 mm or more) become
It rolls along 2a as indicated by arrow 30 and enters the water tank 25 as indicated by arrow 31. The medium-sized stone 32 (for example, 5 mm or more) that has passed through the mesh plate 22a is indicated by an arrow 33 on the mesh plate 22b.
And enters the water tank 25 as indicated by the arrow 32. The small stone 35 (for example, 2
mm or more) moves on the mesh plate 22c as shown by the arrow 36,
It enters the water tank 25 as indicated by an arrow 37. In the water tank 25,
Since a large amount of water is released as well as large, medium and small stones 29, 32, and 35, when the jet device 27 is driven,
Pressurized water is blown out from the nozzle into the waste pipe 3 as shown by an arrow 38 as shown in arrow 38, and the accelerating force is given to the water in the waste pipe 3, so that the sediment in the water tank 25 is sucked as shown by arrow 39,
As indicated by an arrow 40, high-speed flow (for example, 3
m / sec). This flow rate can be controlled by adjusting the applied energy by the jet device 27. Fine sand 42 (for example, 2) passing through the mesh plate 22c as indicated by an arrow 41.
mm or less) is transported along the guide pipe 9 as shown by the arrow 43 and stored in the transport boat 10 or carried to the next step such as packaging.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, an elutriation device 44 is connected to the transfer pipe 1, and shows an example of a connected elutriation.

That is, one end of the elutriation box 45 (having a cross-sectional area several times or more the cross-sectional area of the transfer pipe 1) is connected to the tip of the transfer pipe 1, and the waste pipe 3 is connected to the other side of the elutriation box 45. Link. Inside the elutriation box 45, mesh plates 46a, 46b, 46c for separating large, medium and small stones are installed from the transfer pipe side, and a fine sand receiver 47 is continuously provided on the separation side of the mesh plate 46c. An elutriator 44 is configured. In the figure, reference numeral 48 denotes a shutter plate.

In the above embodiment, from the transfer pipe 1,
When the mixture of the earth and sand and the water is sent as shown by the arrow 49, first, the large stones 51 are removed by the mesh plate 46a. Next, the medium-sized stone 52 is removed from the mixture that has passed through the mesh plate 46a as indicated by the arrow 50 by the mesh plate 46b. In this way, the mixture that has passed through the mesh plate 46b as indicated by the arrow 53 is separated into small stones 54 and fine sand 55 by the mesh plate 46c. Guide pipe 9
Is sent to the next step. In this case, the shutter plate 4
8 is opened and closed as appropriate, and is sent to an appropriate amount of guide pipe. The shutter plate 48 is used as needed, and may not be needed when the fine sand separation ability and the transfer ability match.

During the above-mentioned treatment, not only chemicals are not used, but also water, earth and sand, and air are used only. It is not harmful if it is effective. Because eutrophic water (including microflora, plankton, etc.) stagnant near the estuary is diffused offshore, it promotes the propagation of aquatic plants, seagrass, etc., thereby improving fish habitat. it can.

[0034]

According to the present invention, naturally elutriated gold dust, tin, titanium, precious stones deposited near an estuary,
There is an effect that useful materials can be efficiently separated from a layer containing useful materials such as semi-precious stones and diamond with little energy. According to the invention, the deepwater ore deposit which has been impossible in the past can be freely excavated, and as a result, the property of mankind is greatly increased.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the distribution of sediment containing useful materials near the estuary.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged explanatory view of an embodiment device including a barge.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a vibrating sieve as an elutriator.

FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of specific gravity elutriation at the end of the transfer pipe.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 transfer pipe 2 barge 3 waste pipe 4 crane 5 basket 6 jet device 7 horizontal pipe 8 elutriation device 9 guide pipe 10 transfer ship 11 injection pipe 12 seabed 13 float 21 vibrating sieve 22a, 22b, 22c mesh plate 23 sieve frame 24 Fine sand receiver 25 Water tank 26 Vibrator 27 Jet device 44 Elutriation device 45 Elutriation box 46a, 46b, 46c Mesh plate 47 Fine sand receiver 48 Shutter plate 51, 52, 54 Stone

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method of separating sediment and water from a target object, sediment and water by separating sediment and the like at a desired position in the vicinity of an estuary with water by lifting the sediment and the like with water by a transfer pipe, and performing separation means on the mixture of the soil and water. A method for treating sedimentary layers near an estuary, wherein the sediment and water are discarded outside a work area. 2. The method for treating a sedimentary layer near an estuary according to claim 1, wherein the separation means is a specific gravity selection, a vibrating sieve or a cyclone. 3. The sedimentary layer near the estuary according to claim 1, wherein the sedimentary layer is sediment containing gold dust, earth and sand containing tin or titanium, earth and stone containing precious stone, semi-precious stone or diamond. Processing method. 4. Lifting of earth and sand by a transfer pipe,
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the jet energy of the fluid is used. 5. A means for aspirating and excavating earth and sand or the like on one side of the barge, and a separating means for separating an object from a mixture of earth and sand and water at the center of the barge; An apparatus for treating sedimentary layers in the vicinity of an estuary, provided with means for transferring and discarding sediment and water. 6. The suction and excavation means blows out a jet fluid into the transfer pipe to apply an accelerating force to the mixture of soil and water, thereby generating a suction force at the end of the transfer pipe to remove the sediment. The apparatus for treating a sedimentary layer in the vicinity of an estuary according to claim 5, wherein the excavation is performed by suction. 7. The apparatus for treating a sedimentary layer near an estuary according to claim 5, wherein the sorting means is a specific gravity selection, a vibrating sieve or a cyclone. 8. The sedimentary layer in the vicinity of an estuary according to claim 5, wherein the transfer and disposal means transports the mixture of sediment and water of the separation residue to the outside of the work area by a waste pipe and discharges the mixture into the sea. Processing equipment.