JPH1064066A - Optical disk information recording system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To write new data without erroneously vanishing the data of a recording medium by writing write data while adding the write data and a correction code to read data when an unused data block is not present. SOLUTION: A command writing the file of a RAM on an optical disk in an optical disk drive 25 is inputted from a keyboard 41. A processor part 31 reads out the management area of the disk to check whether an unused ECC block is present on the disk or not. When the ECC block is present on the disk, the part reads out the leading LBA of the ECC block to issue a write code to the drive 25 via an interface control part 46. When the block is not present, the part judges whether the vacant capacity of a user other than the leading LBA of the ECC block is present or not. When the vacant capacity is present, the part calculates the unused LBA in the ECC to issue a write command. The part confirms that data are all written on the disk by confriming the completion of the writing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a system for reading / writing data from / to an optical disk or the like, and more particularly to a system for reading / writing data from / to an optical disk.
The present invention relates to a system for recording data in units of CC blocks.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In multimedia applications that handle a large amount of image information, as the demand becomes complicated and the amount of required information increases, a means capable of holding larger-sized information and quickly accessing information is required. It has become. A representative example of such information holding means is an optical disk.

[0003] Examples of such optical disks include compact disks (CDs) that have developed as recording media for music and the like, CDROMs that have developed as recording media for computer data, and recording media for movies (moving images). Laser disks (LDs) that have been developed are now widely used.

A digital video disk (hereinafter referred to as a DVD disk) has been developed as a new type of optical disk capable of supporting a large capacity and high-speed and flexible information accessibility. In terms of capacity, in an example of the DVD disc standard, the disc capacity of two 0.6 mm thick transparent substrates (made of polycarbonate) is approximately 10 GB on both sides. The capacity is about 5 GB per side, but MPEG (Moving Picture Expert Gr.)
oup) Compressing a moving image according to the standard allows a movie of about 135 minutes to be recorded on one side.

When data is read / written from or to such a high-density medium, ECC is used to correct errors in the data. Data is added with ECC and processed as an ECC block.

[0006] As shown in FIG.
It consists of 16 sectors in which K bytes of data are recorded, and a sector ID as address data for each sector
1 to 16 are assigned, and ECC1 in the horizontal direction and ECC2 in the vertical direction are recorded as error correction codes for correcting data recorded in the ECC block. The ECCs 1 and 2 are error correction codes added to the data as redundant words in order to prevent the data from being unable to be reproduced due to a defect in the optical disk.

Each sector has 172 bytes, 12 rows of data, and a horizontal ECC 1 of 10 bytes for each row, and a vertical ECC 2 for vertical data.

In order to improve the correction capability, an error correction code is generated for each ECC block composed of a specific number of sectors (here, 16 sectors), and in a system in which data is written in ECC block units, less than ECC blocks are used. To write a sector having a length, an ECC block including a sector to be written is read, an error correction code is generated by replacing a sector portion to be written,
Write in ECC block units. When writing is performed by such an algorithm, a plurality of unrelated data exist in the ECC block.

The operation of a conventional system for writing data in units of ECC blocks will be described with reference to a timing chart of FIG. FIG. 3A shows an ECC block formed on a recording track on an optical disc and signals corresponding to each sector.

When writing data of a number of sectors less than the number of ECC blocks, first, as shown in FIG. 3B, the ECC block including the sector to be written (WRITE) is read (READ), and the data is written to the sector portion to be written. After inserting the write data and generating a new error correction code,
The write is executed as shown in FIG.

[0011]

When writing is performed by the above algorithm, a plurality of independent data exist in one ECC block, and sectors other than the sector designated by the host are simultaneously operated. Will be done. If an error occurs during writing in a sector other than the one specified by the host, the data in that sector is lost without the host's knowledge, since it is a sector not specified by the host.

That is, as shown in FIG.
1 is recorded on the disk, and then the host computer specifies writing of DATA2, FIG.
First, as shown in FIG. 4B, an ECC block including DATA1 is read, and as shown in FIG. 4C, DATA is inserted into the read data and the ECC block is written.
Here, as shown in FIG. 4C, if an error occurs during the writing of DATA1, data in a sector not specified by the host computer becomes an error, and the data is lost. The above problem also occurs when the power of the system is turned off during writing.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, when a plurality of data already exist in the ECC block, further data is rewritten to another data,
The ECC block is frequently written, and the deterioration is partially advanced in a disk in which the number of times of rewriting of the medium is limited.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a system for performing error correction using ECC, in which new data is written without erroneously erasing data already written on a recording medium such as an optical disk, and the number of times of rewriting is limited. An object of the present invention is to provide an optical disk information recording system in which a certain medium does not deteriorate by a specific ECC block.

[0015]

According to the present invention, there is provided a data recording system for recording data on a recording medium having a plurality of data blocks each including a predetermined number of sectors. Means for determining an unused data block in the recording medium, an error correction code added to write data input from an external device, and the error correction code added from a head sector of the unused data block. First error correction means for recording the write data, and if there is no unused data block in the recording medium, return to the first data block in the recording medium, and if there is no unused area in the data block, Proceeds to the next data block, and if there is a data block having an unused area, reads that data block and reads it Second error correction means for adding the write data to the data in the data block, updating the error correction code, and writing the data block with the updated error correction code added to the read data block on the recording medium. Have.

A second data recording system according to the present invention is a system for recording data on a recording medium having a plurality of ECC blocks each composed of a plurality of sectors in two horizontal and vertical directions. Means for judging an unused ECC block in the recording medium, and an error correction code added to the write data input from the external device, and the write data to which the error correction code has been added from the head sector of the unused ECC block And a first error correction means for recording the ECC block. If there is no unused ECC block in the recording medium, the first data block returns to the first data block in the recording medium. Go to ECC block, E with unused area
If there is a CC block, the ECC block is read, the write data is added to the data in the read ECC block, the error correction code is updated, and the ECC block with the updated error correction code is added to the ECC block of the recording medium. The third data recording system according to the present invention further comprises a plurality of ECC blocks each composed of a plurality of sectors in a horizontal and a vertical direction. A system for recording data on an optical disk, wherein when the data length of write data input from an external device is less than the ECC block length, a means for determining an unused ECC block in the optical disk, An error correction code is added to the write data, and the unused ECC
First error correction means for recording write data to which the error correction code has been added from the first sector of the block; and when there is no unused ECC block in the optical disc, return to the first data block in the recording medium. ,
If there is no unused area in the data block, the next E
Proceeds to the CC block, if there is an ECC block having an unused area, reads that ECC block, writes write data from the first unused sector in the read ECC block, updates the error correction code, and updates Second error correction means for writing the ECC block to which the error correction code has been added into the read ECC block of the optical disc.

According to the optical disk information recording system of the present invention, when recording data less than an ECC block unit, data is recorded from the head of an unused ECC block in the optical disk.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of an optical disk information recording system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 6 shows an optical disk drive to which the present invention is applied by reading / writing data from / to an optical disk 1 such as a DVD using a laser beam. On the track of the optical disc 1,
For each ECC block as a data recording unit and its sector, its address data is recorded in advance.

In FIG. 6, an optical disk 1 is rotated by a spindle motor 3 at a constant linear velocity (CLV), for example. This motor is driven by a spindle motor driver 4. Reading / writing data from / on the optical disc 1 is performed by the DVD head 2.
The DVD head 2 is fixed to a movable portion of a linear motor 7, and the linear motor 7 is driven by a DVD LM (linear motor) driver 9. When the linear motor 7 is driven by the DVD linear motor (LM) driver 9, the DVD head 2
Is moved in the radial direction.

The DVD head 2 is provided with an objective lens (not shown). The objective lens is driven by a DVD actuator (act.) Driver 8 in a focusing direction (optical axis direction of the lens) and a tracking direction (optical axis direction of the lens). (In the direction perpendicular to).

The DVD head 2 is provided with a recording / reproducing semiconductor laser oscillator (not shown), which is controlled by an LD controller 5 to generate a recording / reproducing laser beam. The laser beam generated by the semiconductor laser oscillator is irradiated onto the optical disk 1, and the reflected light from the optical disk 1 is photoelectrically converted by a photodetector provided in the DVD head 2, and
The voltage is guided to the preamplifier 6 and amplified.

The output signal of the DVD preamplifier 6 includes signals relating to focusing and tracking, and this output signal is guided to the DVD servo preprocessor 11. DVD servo preprocessor 11 is DVD servo 1
4, a focus error signal sample and hold required for performing focus and tracking servo,
Tracking servo error signal sample hold, RO
Generation of a DPD tracking error signal for reproducing the M part,
The generation of hold timing at the header portion of each servo circuit and the generation of a track count pulse at the time of seek are performed.

The DVD servo 14 performs focusing and tracking servo based on an output signal from the DVD servo preprocessor 11 and controls the DVD actuator driver 8. As a result, the light beam generated from the DVD head 2 is always just focused on the optical disc 1, and the center of the light beam coincides with the center of each track on the optical disc 1.

When focusing and tracking are performed, the output signal of the DVD preamplifier 6 reflects a change in reflectance from pits (recording data) formed on tracks (or lands) of the optical disc 1. I have. This signal is supplied to the DVD-RF processor 10 and
Valued. Further, in the DVD-RF processing unit 10, the ECC including the sector ID of the sector currently being accessed is
The data of the block is demodulated.

The demodulated data demodulated by the DVD-RF processing unit 10 is stored in a DRAM 12 and stored in a DVD-RAM
After the error correction using the ECC is performed by the / ROM processor 13, the host 30 as an external device is connected via the interface circuit (ATAPI or SCSI) 16.
Is output to The DVD-RAM / ROM processor 13 temporarily stores the data transmitted from the host 30 via the interface circuit 16 in the DRAM 12 and stores the data in the ECC.
And outputs the result to the LD controller 5.

The LD controller 5 outputs a control signal corresponding to the input data to the DVD head 2. In response to this control signal, a laser oscillator provided in the DVD head generates a laser beam, and data is written to the optical disc 1.

A DVD-RAM / ROM processor 1
3 is an LBA (logical blo) of each data received from the host.
actual PBA (physical block) corresponding to ck address)
address) and D up to the track corresponding to this PBA
In order to move the VD head 2, a DVD head movement control signal is output to the DVD servo 14.

The DRAM 15 is a memory for temporarily storing data to the host 30 or data from the host 30. The data stored in this memory depends on the processing speed of the host 30 or the DVD-RAM / ROM processor 13. Read out.

An eject switch (E-SW) 20 is a switch for taking out the optical disk 1 from the apparatus.
It is connected to a D-RAM / ROM processor 13.
When this switch 20 is pressed, the DVD-RAM / RO
The M processor 13 controls the loading motor (LM) 7 to cause a tray (not shown) in which the optical head 1 is stored to protrude from the apparatus.

A home position sensor (HPS) 21 is a sensor for positioning the DVD head 2 at a predetermined position (near the innermost circumference of the optical disk 1) at the time of startup. Based on the detection signal of the home position sensor 21, the DVD servo 14 controls the DVD linear motor driver 9 to move the DVD head 2 to the predetermined position.

The dip switch (D-SW) 19 is used to determine an ID number on an interface of the optical disk device and an operation mode of the optical disk device itself.
The CPU 17 is a processor that comprehensively controls the optical disk drive 25 based on a program stored in the ROM 18. The ROM 18 is, for example, a flash EE
It is composed of a PROM.

FIG. 7 shows a host device 30 embodying the present invention. The processor unit 31 comprehensively controls the host device 30 based on the program stored in the memory unit 32,
It instructs the optical disk drive 25 to which the present invention is applied to read / write data.

The memory section 32 is a ROM (read only memory)
32a and a random access memory (RAM) 32b. The ROM stores programs and the like for controlling the entire host device 30. The RAM stores programs, data and intermediate results of programs being executed, which are input from an auxiliary storage device or the like. The control operation of the optical disk information recording system according to the present invention can be stored as a program in the ROM 32a or the RAM 32b.

The input / output control unit 48 controls data transfer between the memory unit 32 and the input / output device 49 or the input / output interface control unit 46 based on an instruction from the processor unit 31. The hard disk controller 34 and the flexible disk controller 36 control reading and writing of data from and to the hard disk 35 and the flexible disk 37, respectively, and the display controller 38 transfers display data to the display 39. The interface control unit 46 controls an interface with the optical disk drive 25 to which the present invention is applied. These hard disk control units 34,
In the flexible disk control unit 36, the display control unit 38, and the interface control unit 46, high-speed data transfer is required.
A method of data transfer is employed.

The keyboard controller 40 and the mouse controller 42 respectively control a keyboard 41 and a mouse 43 functioning as input devices of a man-machine interface. The printer control unit 44 controls a printer 45 configured by a type system or a dot system. Each control unit constituting the input / output control unit 48 exchanges data with the processor unit 31 and the memory unit 32 via the bus 47.

FIG. 8 shows the concept of a data recording method according to the present invention, which is executed in the system as described above. E
When writing data smaller than the CC block, FIG.
As shown in (b) and (c), the data to be written (D
ATA2) is written from the beginning of the ECC block. As a result, the already recorded data is not rewritten, so that the data (DATA1) is not lost.

FIG. 9 shows a case where data (DATA1 to 3) less than the ECC block is written to the optical disk by three write operations according to the present invention. Since the data to be written (DATA1 to 3) is inserted from the beginning of the ECC block and written, other data is not rewritten when rewriting the data.
The number of rewrites of the block does not increase significantly.

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing in detail the operation of the optical disk information recording system according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the processor unit 31 of the host device 30 performs main control.

First, when the user inputs, via the keyboard 41, an instruction to write, for example, a file developed in the RAM 32b to the optical disk 1 inserted in the optical disk drive 25, the processor unit 31 manages the file in the optical disk 1. The management area is read (ST1). This management area is provided at a predetermined position in the optical disc 1, and what file is stored in each ECC block in the optical disc 1, or which ECC block is not recorded (that is, not used). Is an area for the host device 30 to manage.

In step ST2, it is checked whether an unrecorded ECC block exists on the optical disk 1 by referring to the management area. If there is an unrecorded ECC block,
The head LBA (logical block address) of the CC block is calculated (ST3), and a write command is issued to the optical disk drive 25 via the interface control unit 46 (ST7).

If there is no unrecorded ECC block in step ST2, that is, at least the first L
If all the BAs have been used, it is determined whether there is free space for the user in sectors other than the first LBA (ST4). If there is no free space, an error message indicating that there is not enough free space is output to the user (ST5).

If there is free space in step ST4,
The logical block address LBA of an unused sector in the CC block is calculated (ST6), and a write command is issued to the optical disk drive 25 via the interface control unit 46 (ST7). This write command includes the LBA of the write sector and the data length LEN.

If it is confirmed in step ST8 that the writing to one ECC block has been completed, it is confirmed whether all the write data has been written (ST9), and if there is still write data (in the case of "No"), The process proceeds to step ST1, and if not ("Yes"), the process returns to the main program.

After step ST7, the DVD-RAM / ROM processor 13 of the optical disk drive 25 calculates a PBA from the LBA received from the host device 30, and reads an ECC block corresponding to the PBA from the optical disk 1. The read ECC block is temporarily stored in the RAM 12 and records the write data received from the host device 30 with the calculated PBA as the start address. Further, the DVD-RAM / ROM processor 13 calculates the vertical and horizontal ECC from the changed data, and
Update the C block. The updated ECC block is L
The data is recorded at the original recording location of the optical disc 1 via the D controller 5 and the DVD head 2. As described above, each E
The CC block is used from the head, and when the space at the head of the ECC block is exhausted, the process returns to the first ECC block and proceeds in the same manner.

[0045]

As long as the first sector of the ECC block is empty, only one type of data (for example, one file) is recorded in the ECC block.
The D-RAM / ROM processor 13 does not read and operate other data. Therefore, the data written so far will not be lost without the knowledge of the host computer. If the power is accidentally turned off during writing, the specified data is lost, but it does not affect other data. Even for media and the like whose number of times of rewriting is limited, since only data specified by the host is rewritten, deterioration of only a specific ECC block does not occur.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing in detail the operation of an optical disc information recording system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration of an ECC block.

FIG. 3 is a timing chart showing the operation of a conventional system for writing data in ECC block units.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing how a data loss error occurs in a conventional system.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing how a specific ECC block is deteriorated in a conventional system.

FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an optical disk drive that reads and writes data from and on an optical disk.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a host device that implements the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the concept of a data recording method according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 shows an ECC by three write operations according to the present invention.
This shows a case where data (DATA1 to 3) less than the block is written to the optical disk.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A system for recording data on a recording medium having a plurality of data blocks each composed of a predetermined number of sectors, comprising: means for judging unused data blocks in the recording medium; First error correction means for adding an error correction code to the write data input from the first block, and recording the write data to which the error correction code has been added from the leading sector of the unused data block; If there is no data block for
Reading a data block in the recording medium, adding the write data to data in the read data block,
A data recording system, comprising: a second error correction unit that updates an error correction code and writes a data block to which the updated error correction code is added to the recording medium. 2. A system for recording data on a recording medium having a plurality of ECC blocks each composed of a plurality of sectors in two horizontal and vertical directions, wherein an unused ECC block is determined in the recording medium. First error correction means for adding an error correction code to write data input from an external device, and recording write data to which the error correction code has been added from the leading sector of the unused ECC block; If there is no unused ECC block in the recording medium,
The ECC block is read in the recording medium, and the read E
Adding the write data to the data in the CC block,
A second error correction unit for updating an error correction code and writing an ECC block to which the updated error correction code is added to the recording medium. 3. A system for recording data on an optical disk having a plurality of ECC blocks each composed of a plurality of sectors in two horizontal and vertical directions, wherein the data length of write data input from an external device is ECC.
Means for judging an unused ECC block in the optical disk when the length is less than the block length, adding an error correction code to write data input from an external device, and correcting the error correction from the head sector of the unused ECC block. First error correction means for recording write data to which a code has been added; and if there is no unused ECC block in the optical disc, the ECC block is read in the optical disc and the first unused ECC block in the read ECC block is read. An optical disc information recording system, comprising: second error correction means for writing write data from a sector, updating an error correction code, and writing an ECC block added with the updated error correction code to the optical disc.