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JPH10508777A - 人工関節 - Google Patents

人工関節

Info

Publication number
JPH10508777A
JPH10508777A JP8516452A JP51645296A JPH10508777A JP H10508777 A JPH10508777 A JP H10508777A JP 8516452 A JP8516452 A JP 8516452A JP 51645296 A JP51645296 A JP 51645296A JP H10508777 A JPH10508777 A JP H10508777A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
joint
hole
shaft
prosthesis
head
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP8516452A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
JP3548578B2 (ja
Inventor
ロープ ギュンター
フィッシャー ハンス−ヨアヒム
シュテュール ゲルト
クランツ クルト
Original Assignee
メルク パテント ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by メルク パテント ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング filed Critical メルク パテント ゲゼルシヤフト ミツト ベシユレンクテル ハフツング
Publication of JPH10508777A publication Critical patent/JPH10508777A/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP3548578B2 publication Critical patent/JP3548578B2/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/74Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur
    • A61B17/742Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck
    • A61B17/744Devices for the head or neck or trochanter of the femur having one or more longitudinal elements oriented along or parallel to the axis of the neck the longitudinal elements coupled to an intramedullary nail
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
    • A61B17/7233Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
    • A61B17/725Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone with locking pins or screws of special form
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/46Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor
    • A61F2/4637Special tools or methods for implanting or extracting artificial joints, accessories, bone grafts or substitutes, or particular adaptations therefor for connecting or disconnecting two parts of a prosthesis
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/72Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
    • A61B17/7233Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
    • A61B17/7241Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone the nail having separate elements through which screws pass
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/3672Intermediate parts of shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
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    • A61F2/36Femoral heads ; Femoral endoprostheses
    • A61F2/3662Femoral shafts
    • A61F2/3676Distal or diaphyseal parts of shafts
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30108Shapes
    • A61F2002/30199Three-dimensional shapes
    • A61F2002/30205Three-dimensional shapes conical
    • A61F2002/3021Three-dimensional shapes conical frustoconical
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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    • A61F2002/30224Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical
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    • A61F2002/30235Three-dimensional shapes cylindrical tubular, e.g. sleeves
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
    • A61F2002/30331Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements made by longitudinally pushing a protrusion into a complementarily-shaped recess, e.g. held by friction fit
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    • A61F2002/30535Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for
    • A61F2002/30537Special structural features of bone or joint prostheses not otherwise provided for adjustable
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Abstract

(57)【要約】 本発明は、大腿骨内へ挿入可能な、人工関節の遠位区域を形成する軸部部材と、軸部部材の近位端部のところで、軸部部材と結合可能な関節接続部材とを有する人工関節であって、軸部部材と関節接続部材との軸線が、鈍角をなしている形式のものに関する。関節接続部材3.1,3.2は、軸部1の軸線11に対し一定角度で傾斜している、軸部部材の近位端部のところに設けられた貫通路内へ、少なくとも部分的に挿入可能である。挿入された部分には、貫通路内で作用する固定手段が備えられ、この固定手段により、関節接続部材は、所定位置に固定される。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 人工関節 本発明は、請求項1の上位概念に記載した形式のモジュール式人工関節に関す るものである。 この形式の人工関節の軸部は、種々の形状および寸法で製造されて、各患者に 最適供給されるようにされる。 世界知的所有権機構特許出願第85/05027号明細書により、人工関節シ ステム、特に、セメントを用いずにインプラントするための人工股関節が公知で ある。この人工股関節は、患者の大腿内へ取付け可能な軸部部材と、この軸部部 材と結合される関節接続部材とを有している。軸部部材の近位区域には、ねじス リーブが備えられ、このねじスリーブ内へ関節接続部材がねじ込まれ、しかも軸 部部材の縦軸線と関節接続部材の縦軸線とが互いに傾斜している。これに応じて 関節接続部材は、ねじピンを有しており、このネジピンの近位端部が、関節球を 受容するための円錐形軸部部材と結合されている。ねじ込み過程は、関節接続部 材の円錐形軸部部材が、インプラントのために準備された大腿骨近位区域に固く 密接されると、完了する。 前述の解決策は、しかし、関節球を含めて関節全体を補装する場合にしか使用 できないことが、欠点であ る。 従来技術のこれらの欠点を前提として、本発明の根底となる課題は、冒頭に述 べた種類のモジュール式人工股関節の場合に、関節区域の個別部材を簡単に交換 できる構造のものに構成し、それによって、種々の進行した病状に適合できるよ うにすることである。 この課題は、請求項1の特徴部に記載の特徴により解決された。 本発明の認識によれば、実物の関節球を保存するためには、モジュール式人工 補装具の場合、選択的に使用可能な補助頭部部材が好適である。この頭部部材は 、関節球の頸部方向に骨用ねじを備えており、この骨用ねじは、分離された実物 の関節球内へねじ込み可能である。これにより、関節を、実際の関節の部分であ る関節球/関節窩と共に、場合によっては、なお比較的長期にわたって保存する ことができる。頭部部材は、この場合、後になって、必要とあれば、患者の骨の 実質にほとんど負担を与えず、かつまた人工補装具の座着をゆるめることなく、 僅かの手間で交換できる。 本発明の措置によって、前述の人工補装具は、先ず、大腿区域の骨折時にしば しば用いられる類の従来形式の大腿ねじ(Hueftschraube)の代わりに使用でき る。これにより、後日行われる再手術が、次の場合には簡単化される。すなわち 、モジュール式人工股関節軸部の頭部部材のみを、人工関節球を有する頭部部材 と 交換して、完全人工補装にする場合である。 本発明によるモジュール式股関節軸部は、関節接続部材と軸部部材として構成 された個別部材を有し、これら個別部材は、有利には、それらの近位または遠位 の端部を継ぎ合わせることで、相互結合されている。関節接続部材は、人工軸部 と股関節とを確実に結合するために役立つ。 人工補装具をモジュール式に構成することによって、モジュール式股関節軸部 を個別の解剖学的条件に適合させる場合に、関節接続部材の位置を特別に力を用 いずに変更し、変更後、簡単に改めて確実に固定することができる。 実物の関節骨頭を保存しながら、インプラント過程中に、本発明による措置に より患者の特殊な解剖学的条件に合わせるため、有利には、関節接続部材の位置 を修正する(例えば、頸部方向へ比較的僅かだけ軸線方向にずらす)ことが可能 である。 また有利には、本発明による人工補装具の場合、モジュール式の個別部材相互 の結合を、インプラント期間を過ぎた後に、医学的観点から、例えば交換または 関節接続部材の新たな調整のために、必要とあれば、再手術により僅かの手間で 外すことができる。これに対し、従来式の結合部の場合には、堅く固着している ことが多く、この結果、取外しを要する場合、患者にとって不都合なことに、大 腿骨の損傷または少なくと も端部の、望ましくないゆるみが避けられない。 本発明の有利な実施例によれば、関節接続部材は、軸部部材の近位端部のとこ ろに、軸部部材の縦軸線に対して傾斜配置された貫通路内へ挿入可能な部材とし て、かつまた貫通路内で種々の位置に、固定手段によって固定可能に構成されて いる。このように、軸部のモジュール式構成によって、付加的な変更が可能であ ることにより、頸部区域においても、患者個々人の所与の状況に併せて微調整す ることが可能である。 前記固定手段は、軸部内へ挿入された関節接続部材区分の横断面の半径方向拡 張をロックのための拡開手段として可能にし、したがって特別の力を用いること なしに操作可能であるように構成されている。 本発明の別の有利な構成によれば、貫通路として、円筒形の孔が、設けられて いる。この貫通路内へ挿入される関節接続部材の軸部区域は、縦軸線方向にスリ ットを有するスリーブ形状を有している。この結果、円錐形ねじボルトをねじ込 むことによって、スリーブの拡開が達せられ、それによって、軸部と関節接続部 材との確実な形状接続式かつ摩擦接続式の結合が実現する。 拡開度を縮小することによって、軸部と関節接続部材との結合を容易にゆるめ ることができ、関節接続部材の交換や位置修正が可能になる。このことによって 、人工関節を、個々の患者固有の解剖学的条件に適合 させる措置が、確実に簡単化される。後々に、固定手段の交換が必要となった場 合には、大腿骨内に存在する人工股関節軸部の軸部部材に対し、特別な機械負荷 を与えることなしに交換が可能である。機械負荷がかかれば、最悪の場合、軸部 部材の不可逆的なゆるみが生じることがある。 本発明の有利な一実施例によれば、関節接続部材が、骨用ねじとして構成され ている。この骨用ねじは、大腿が損傷したが、生体の関節球を保存する価値があ る場合に、用いられる。 生体の関節球の損傷が更に進行している場合には、本発明の別の構成によれば 、骨用ねじの代わりに、ピンを備えた球形頭部が、関節接続部材として利用され る。その場合、ピンの自由端部は、スリットを備えたスリーブとして構成されて いる。この球形頭部は、骨用ねじの交換時に、存在する股関節臼内へ挿入される が、この交換は、既にインプラントされた軸部部材の機械負荷が極めて僅かであ るため、軸部部材の座着がゆるむ危険はない。 本発明の更に別の構成によれば、軸部は、人工関節球を保持する頭部部材と軸 部部材とに分離可能であり、その場合、双方の部材は、円錐形差込み結合部を介 して継ぎ合わされる。 相応の円錐形差込み結合部は、モジュール式に組み合わされた軸部の個別部材 にも適用される。その場合 、軸部は、縦方向にタイバーまたはねじ結合部を介して固定またははめ込み(ge setzt)できる。タイバーは、頭部部材内の付加的な軸線方向通路内を貫通案内 され、同じ軸線上に位置する、軸部端部分内のねじ孔区間内へ、ねじ込み可能で ある。 既にインプラント済みの人工補装具を、患者の解剖学的条件の変化に適応させ る措置を更に簡単化するために、関節接続部材を保持する頭部部材を、大腿骨内 の軸部部材から分離し、しかも軸部部材が、インプラントのしっかりした座着を 損なう付加的機械負荷を受けることがないようにするため、本発明の別の有利な 構成によれば、モジュール式人工股関節の頭部部材内の円筒形の軸線方向通路を ねじ孔として構成する。このねじ孔の直径は軸部部材内の、タイバーを受容する ねじ孔の直径より大きい。 双方のねじ孔の直径比を1.5〜2.5とすることによって、軸部部材の円錐 台形の近位端部上で、円錐台形部の頂面のほぼ円環形の部分が、ねじボルト用の 対応受けとして利用できる。このねじボルトは、タイバーを除去した後、頭部部 材内へねじ込み可能である。頭部部材内へねじ込まれたねじボルトは、対応受け に当付けられるが、更にねじ込み運動を行うと、軸線方向押圧力を生じ、この押 圧力によって、頭部部材と軸部部材との間の(タイバーなしでも)固い円錐形差 込み結合部がゆるめられ、それによって、頭部部材を 、交換目的で取外したり、軸部部材近位端部の円錐台形ピン上で、軸部部材に対 して旋回させることができる。 本発明の別の構成によれば、ねじボルト用のねじ山は、モジュール式人工関節 の頭部部材内に設けられている円筒形通路の全長にわたって延びている。人工股 関節軸部の頭部部材内のこのねじ孔と、軸部部材近位端部のねじ山区間とのいず れにも、メートルねじ山が設けられている。その場合、頭部部材内のねじ孔のね じ山は、軸部部材近位端部のねじ山より、ピッチが小さい。これによって、固い 円錐形差込み結合部をゆるめるために要する押圧力を、より容易にねじボルトに よって得ることができる。 本発明の別の構成によれば、軸部部材内のねじ孔区間の近位端部は、凹部を有 している。この凹部は、有利には、ねじ孔区間縦軸線に対して対称的に形成され た面取り部として構成されている。この構成によって、円錐形差込み結合部をゆ るめるために用いられ、自由端が同じく等しい角度で面取りされたねじボルトは 、軸部部材近位端部に当付けられた場合に、その区域のねじ孔のねじ山と作用接 触しない利点が得られる。また、それによって、頭部部材と軸部部材との間の円 錐形差込み結合部をゆるめるのに要する押圧力を発生させるさい、はじめの複数 ねじ山の変形が防止される。ねじ山が変形すれば、頭部部材の適合後または交換 後に、軸部部材近位端部内へタイバーを再度ねじ付けることが不可能となろう。 本発明の別の有利な構成は、請求項2以下の各項に記載されているか、もしく は、以下で、図面につき行う本発明の有利な構成の詳しい説明から明らかになろ う。 図1は、本発明の有利な一実施例の部分断面図である。 図2は、図1に示した関節接続部材の略示側面図で、部分的に縦断面を示した 図である。 図3は、図1の関節接続部材の別の有利な構成を示した側面図で、部分的に縦 断面を示した図である。 図4は、図1の細部Eの拡大図である。 図1に示したモジュール式人工関節1は、軸部部材2と頭部部材3とから成っ ている。これらの部材は、それぞれ縦方向にプロファイリングを有している。頭 部部材3は、骨用ねじとして構成された関節接続部材3.1を保持し、この関節 接続部材を介して人工関節1と股関節とが結合される。関節接続部材3.1と人 工関節1との縦軸線は、約135°の角度をなしている。頭部部材3と関節接続 部材3.1との結合は、形状接続式、摩擦接続式いずれによっても行われる。 人工関節1の個別部材2,3は、円錐形差込み結合部10を介して同じ軸線上 に位置し、互いに旋回可能に結合されている。この結合部の軸線方向のゆるみを 防止するために、タイバー(図示せず)が用いられる。このタイバーは、頭部部 材3の、ねじ孔として構成された通路5ないを貫通案内され、軸部部材2内の孔 4の、ねじ孔区間6として構成された近位区間内へねじ込まれる。タイバーは、 タイバーの近位端部が凹部7に支えられるところまでねじ込まれ、その場合、人 工関節1の個別部材2,3は、円錐形差込み結合部10が所望の固い結合度に達 するまで、軸線方向に互いの方向へ移動する。 関節接続部材3.1と共に頭部部材3の位置を、軸部部材2に対して旋回によ って変更するためには、または頭部部材3を交換するためには、円錐形差込み結 合部10を改めてゆるめる必要がある。タイバー(図示せず)をゆるめて、ねじ 外した後、ねじボルト(同じく図示せず)を頭部部材3のねじ孔5内へねじ込む 。頭部部材3のねじ孔5の直径D1は、軸部部材2のねじ孔区間6の近位区間直 径D2より大きいので、ねじボルトは、軸部部材2の、円錐台として構成された 近位端部の頂面8上の、直径差D1−D2によって規定される平方積を有する円環 部に当付けられ、それにより、軸線方向の押圧力を発生させることが可能となる 。この押圧力により、タイバーの作用による極めて固い円錐形差込み結合部10 がゆるめられ、人工関節1を患者の身体条件の変化に、容易に適応させることが できる。 これと関連して、円錐形差込み結合部をゆるめるのに要する押圧力を発生させ る手段を扱い易くする上で、好都合と判明したのは、孔4,5の直径比を1.5 〜2.5とし、孔5の全長にわたってねじ山を設けることである。ねじ山は、メ ートルねじ山を用い、その場合、頭部部材3内のねじ孔5のねじ山が、軸部部材 2の孔4の近位ねじ孔区間6のねじ山より、小さいピッチを有するようにする。 図2および図3には、関節接続部材3.1,3.2が部分断面図で示してある 。関節接続部材、すなわち骨用ねじ3.1の、ねじ山18と反対側のスリーブ状 端部と、球形頭部17を有する関節接続部材3.2の中空ピンとは、いずれもス リット13を有している。スリット13の壁部は、拡径されるように、ボルト( 図示せず)により拡開可能であある。ボルトは、ねじ孔15内へねじ込まれ、円 錐形凹部14の壁部に当付けられる。拡径によって、頭部部材3内での関節接続 部材の不動の座着が保証される。関節接続部材3.1,3.2の縦軸線12.1 ,12.2に対して傾斜配置された孔16によって、モジュール式構成の人工関 節1の個別部材2,3の結合または分離のための、タイバー(図示せず)または ねじボルト(図示せず)の使用が可能になる。 図4に拡大して示した図1の細部Eは、本発明による別の有利な構成を示した ものである。軸部部材2の 近位端部頂面へのねじボルト(図示せず)の作用接触により、その区域のねじ孔 区間6の損傷の危険を防止するために、ねじ孔区間6の近位端部に、面取り部と して構成された凹部11が設けられている。凹部の側面12の傾斜は、縦軸線1 1に対して45°であり、ねじボルト(図示せず)のねじ山区間端部の面取り部 の傾斜角度に合致している。これによって、軸部部材2への最適な押圧力導入が 可能になり、軸部部材2と頭部部材3との間の円錐形差込み結合部10をゆるめ ることが、比較的僅かな力で可能になる。ねじ孔区間6のねじ山が損傷すれば、 タイバーによる円錐形差込み結合部の軸線方向固定による頭部部材の再取付けが 不可能になる。 図示されていない別の実施例の場合、人工股関節システムによるモジュール形 式が実現されたことにより、種々の個別に寸法付けされた人工補装具形式が得ら れ、種々の部材寸法を組合わせることが可能になった。本発明によるねじ孔直径 の段階付けは、連続して取付けられる部材のそれぞれ異なる部材間でも、同様に 可能である。これにより、例えば、所望とあれば、頭部部材と遠位方向に後続す る軸部部材との分離だけでなく、軸部部材相互の分離も可能となる。ゆるめるこ とが可能な結合部を目標に“選択”するには、頭部へ向かって段階的にねじ山直 径が拡径される場合、次のようなボルトを選ぶ必要がある。すなわち、そのボル トの外ねじ山が、分離を意図する箇所の近位側に位置する軸部部材内の内ねじ山 とかみ合うボルトである。その場合、そのボルトの端部縁が、遠位に隣接する部 材のねじ孔縁に当付けられ、選択された結合部を分離する。 種々の曲度の軸部部材を有するモジュール式システムの場合、種々の相対的な 角位置決めによって、軸部部材を個別的に形成でき、しかも、前記の意味でのゆ るめやすさが、何らかの制限を受けることはない。 本発明の構成は、以上に述べた有利な実施例に限定されるものではない。むし ろ、既述の解決策を、基本的に別の形式で利用する多くの変化形を考えることが できる。
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (81)指定国 EP(AT,BE,CH,DE, DK,ES,FR,GB,GR,IE,IT,LU,M C,NL,PT,SE),OA(BF,BJ,CF,CG ,CI,CM,GA,GN,ML,MR,NE,SN, TD,TG),AP(KE,LS,MW,SD,SZ,U G),AL,AM,AU,BB,BG,BR,BY,C A,CN,CZ,EE,FI,GE,HU,IS,JP ,KG,KP,KR,KZ,LK,LR,LT,LV, MD,MG,MK,MN,MX,NO,NZ,PL,R O,RU,SG,SI,SK,TJ,TM,TT,UA ,US,UZ,VN (72)発明者 ゲルト シュテュール ドイツ連邦共和国 D−10551 ベルリン トゥルムシュトラーセ 47 (72)発明者 クルト クランツ ドイツ連邦共和国 D−10825 ベルリン クーフシュタイナー シュトラーセ 12

Claims (1)

  1. 【特許請求の範囲】 1.人工関節であって、管状骨内へ挿入可能な軸部部材と、この軸部部材に接続 され、関節接続部材を有する頭部部材とを備え、軸部と関節接続部材との軸線が 、鈍角、すなわちインバージョン角度(Inversionswinkel)をなしている形式の ものにおいて、 頭部部材(3)がスリーブ区域を有し、このスリーブ区域が、事実上、軸部 軸線(11)に対してインバージョン角で傾斜している貫通孔を有し、この貫通 孔が、この貫通孔に挿入可能な関節接続部材(3.1,3.2)の円筒形区域( 20)の横断面に適合していることを特徴とする、人工関節。 2.関節接続部材(3.1,3.2)が、スリーブ区域内に、縦方向移動可能か つ固定可能に支承されている、請求項1記載の人工関節。 3.関節接続部材として、ねじ山のない円筒形区域(20)を有する骨用ねじ( 3.1)、または人工関節球(3.2)を備えている、請求項1記載の人工関節 。 4.関節接続部材(3.1,3.2)の円筒形区域(20)が、関節接続部材を 固定するため、拡開手段によって拡開可能である、請求項1記載の人工関節。 5.差込み可能な円筒形区域(20)が、少なくとも 部分的にスリーブとして構成され、このスリーブが、拡開可能であり、かつ縦方 向に延びるスリット(13)を有している、請求項4記載の人工関節。 6.関節接続部材(3.1,3.2)の、スリットを有する円筒形区域(20) の拡開のために、ねじボルトが備えられ、このねじボルトには、その軸部端部の 方向へ先細になっている区域が設けられている、請求項5記載の人工関節。 7.関節球が、円錐形差込み結合部を介して頭部部材(3)と結合可能である、 請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の人工関節。 8.頭部部材(3)が、軸部の方向に延びる軸線方向の孔(5)を有している、 請求項1から7までのいずれか1項記載の人工関節。 9.孔(5)が、頭部部材(3)内を、関節接続部材の縦方向に移動可能に支承 された関節接続部材を横切っている、請求項8記載の人工関節。 10.頭部部材(3)内、または軸部の端部方向で先行する軸部部材内に設けた孔 (5)に、ねじ手段用のねじ山が備えられ、このねじ手段が、後続の部材との差 込み結合部をゆるめるために、後続の軸部部材(2)内の孔の内径(D2)より 大きい外径(D1)を有している、請求項1から9までのいずれか1項記載の人 工関節。 11.頭部部材(3)内、または近位方向で先行する軸 部部材内に設けた孔(5)のねじ山が、孔(5)の全長にわたって設けてある、 請求項10記載の人工関節。 12.後続する軸部部材(2)内に設けた孔(4)が、孔(4)の近位端部のねじ 孔区間(6)にのみ、ねじ山を有している、請求項10記載の人工関節。 13.後続する軸部部材(2)のねじ孔区間(6)の近位端部が、面取り部(11 )を有している、請求項1から12までのいずれか1項記載の人工関節。 14.請求項1から13までのいずれか1項記載の人工関節を製作する組立てキッ トにおいて、 異なる長さおよび/または異なる直径の頭部部材(3)の選択、並びに、軸 部部材(2)の異なる長さ、異なる直径、異なる曲率のいずれかまたはすべての 選択が可能であることを特徴とする、組立てキット。 15.頭部部材(3)に対しては、12〜17mmの直径が設定され、軸部部材( 2)に対しては、200〜320mmの長さと、10〜14mmの直径とが設定 されている、請求項14記載の組立てキット。
JP51645296A 1994-11-19 1995-11-20 人工関節 Expired - Fee Related JP3548578B2 (ja)

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DE4442206.7 1994-11-19
DE4442206A DE4442206A1 (de) 1994-11-19 1994-11-19 Gelenkprothese
PCT/DE1995/001642 WO1996015737A1 (de) 1994-11-19 1995-11-20 Gelenkprothese

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DE59509981D1 (de) 2002-02-07
DE4442206A1 (de) 1996-05-23
EP0792127B1 (de) 2002-01-02
AU3922695A (en) 1996-06-17
ATE211376T1 (de) 2002-01-15
EP0792127A1 (de) 1997-09-03
JP3548578B2 (ja) 2004-07-28
DK0792127T3 (da) 2002-04-22
WO1996015737A1 (de) 1996-05-30

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