JPH1033064A - Cultivation effective for disease control and growth promotion of protection-cultured cucumber by utilizing volatile bacteriostatic substance - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain highly qualified protection-cultured cucumber in a manner capable of suppressing pathopoiesis of bacterial brown spot of cucumber and promoting growth of the cucumber without depending upon usual chemical drugs by culturing cucumber together with mold fungus having volatile bacteriostatic substance productivity. SOLUTION: This protection-cultured cucumber is cultured by making mold fungus such as a mold fungus Kyu-W63 fungus (FERM BP-5578) having volatile bacteriostatic substance productivity to coexist in culturing cucumber seeds sown in a sowing box in a closed chamber. Preferably, the mold fungus Kyu-W63 fungus is cultured in a solid medium.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for cultivating cucumber, and more particularly to a method for controlling disease and promoting growth of facility-cultivated cucumber using volatile bacteriostatic substances, and more particularly, to a method for cultivating volatile cucumber. The present invention relates to a cucumber cultivation method for cultivating cucumber together with a filamentous fungus having a fungal substance-producing ability, thereby suppressing the onset of cucumber brown spot and promoting the growth of cucumber.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Controlling phytopathogenic bacteria is an important subject in cultivating vegetables, and various control methods using chemicals have conventionally been proposed. However, there are also problems such as the emergence of resistant bacteria, environmental pollution due to the spraying and remaining of chemicals, and adverse effects on the human body.
Therefore, there is a need for a method of solving these problems and more effectively controlling plant pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, recently, as a method independent of drugs, biological control methods have attracted attention,
Research into practical use as a microbial pesticide is underway. For example, in addition to the practical use of Trichoderma microorganisms for tobacco white silk disease and the like as antagonistic microorganisms, bacteria that are pathogens of various plant pests such as vegetables and rice, filamentous fungi, Viruses and insecticidal nematodes are also used.

The present inventors have been working on the development of a biological control method for above-ground disease of vegetables. Filamentous fungi isolated from leaf surface microorganisms of wheat can suppress the occurrence of powdery mildew of wheat, and It has been found that it has an action of suppressing the growth of a plant pathogen on a medium. It has been investigated and reported that the inhibitory effect is derived from volatile substances produced by the strain (Kyushu Pest Research Society, Vol. 41, 24-27).
Pp. (1995); Nihon Keisho, Vol. 59, pp. 720 (19
93) and Nikkei Plant Disease Report, Vol. 60, p. 333 (199)
4)).

Although the biological control method is a highly safe method without using chemical agents, the control method has not yet been completely established, and the plant pathogens which can be controlled by this method are extremely limited. . As described above, the present inventors have found that volatile substances produced by a specific filamentous fungus are effective for biological control of wheat powdery mildew, In order to examine the effectiveness against plant pathogens, we studied cucumber pathogens. As a result, they found that the coexistence of the filamentous fungus in cultivating cucumber has the effect of suppressing the onset of cucumber brown spot and promoting the growth of cucumber, and reached the present invention.

[0005]

That is, the present invention relates to a method for cultivating cucumber grown in a facility, which comprises cultivating a cucumber together with a filamentous fungus having an ability to produce volatile bacteriostatic substances.

[0006]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail.
The filamentous fungus used in the present invention has been isolated from the leaves of wheat and has the ability to produce volatile bacteriostatic substances. As a specific example of the filamentous fungus, there is Kyu-W63 bacterium, which is available from FERM B
Deposited as P-5578. The volatile bacteriostatic substance is produced when the filamentous fungus is cultured in an appropriate medium, but the substance has not been identified yet. This volatile substance can be produced, for example, by culturing the filamentous fungus on a medium having a high sugar content such as a PDA agar medium. The form of the medium is not particularly limited,
A solid medium such as a PDA plate medium is more preferable than a liquid medium. The cultivation of the filamentous fungus Kyu-W63 may be performed by a conventional method.
The reaction may be performed at a temperature of 30 to 30 ° C., preferably 25 to 28 ° C., for 6 to 10 days, preferably 7 days.

The method for cultivating the filamentous fungus in the presence of cucumber is not particularly limited, and various embodiments can be applied. However, since the substance produced by the filamentous fungus is volatile, the cultivation is carried out in a closed system. It is desirable to do. For example, in addition to house cultivation, a sealed container such as a plastic container can be used. In this case, in order to properly grow the cucumber and culture the filamentous fungi, it is preferable to use a device capable of maintaining the internal temperature, humidity, and the like in a predetermined state, such as an artificial weather device. Normally, the indoor temperature is 20-30
C., preferably 25-28 ° C., and a humidity of 50 ° C.
It may be adjusted to about 80%, and light irradiation at an illuminance of about 50,000 lux may be performed every day for about 10 to 14 hours.

Cultivation of cucumber by the method of the present invention may be performed immediately after sowing or after development of about four true leaves. Also, the variety of cucumber is not limited. on the other hand,
The coexisting filamentous fungus may be inoculated on the solid medium as described above and placed in a closed room together with cucumber. Usually, a fungus obtained by inoculating a filamentous fungus on a PDA plate medium placed in a container such as a petri dish and culturing it for about 7 days is used. The filamentous fungus may be all during the cucumber cultivation period, or may be allowed to coexist with the cucumber only for a predetermined period,
It is desirable to replace the culture with fresh ones at appropriate intervals as necessary to continuously produce volatile substances during the coexistence period.

[0009] The culture of the filamentous fungus may include the form and volume of a cultivation facility, the number of cucumber cultivated, the cultivation period, and the like.
What is necessary is just to set suitably according to the growth stage etc. of a cucumber. For example, when cultivating cucumber in a plastic container (length 100 cm × width 40 cm × height 53 cm), place about 10 9 cm Petri dishes in which filamentous fungi have been cultured and coexist with about 5 cucumber seeding pots. I just need.

[0010]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. Example 1 Expanded cucumbers (variety: Summer Lady) 4 with 4 true leaves 5
A spore suspension (1 × 1) of cucumber brown spot fungus (C89048 strain, obtained from Dr. Hazama of Oita Agricultural Technology Center)
0 ³ / ml) was inoculated by spraying to a 30ml / strain. Then, this was placed in a plastic container (length 100).
cm x 40cm x 53cm) and humidity 70%
And placed in an artificial weather instrument (manufactured by Koito Kogyo Co., Ltd.) illuminated at 28 ° C. for 12 hours, and treated with a filamentous fungus Kyu-W63 (FE).
RM BP-5578) was inoculated on a PDA plate medium and cultivated with 10 9 cm Petri dishes. On the other hand, the control plot was cultivated without containing the filamentous fungus. Ten days after inoculation of the cucumber brown spot fungus, all the leaves were examined for the degree of disease occurrence based on the criteria shown in Table 1. Do this three times,
The effect of suppressing the cucumber brown spot caused by the filamentous fungus Kyu-W63 was examined. The results are shown in Table 2. The disease severity was determined by the following equation (1). The control value was determined by the following equation (2).

[0011]

(Equation 1)

[0012]

(Equation 2)

[0013]

[Table 1]

[0014]

[Table 2]

As is clear from the table, the cucumber in the control group was significantly affected by the spore inoculation of the cucumber brown spot fungus, but the cucumber was significantly suppressed in both the diseased leaf rate and the disease degree in the treatment group of the present invention. From this, it was clarified that the volatile substance produced by the filamentous fungus has an action of suppressing the occurrence of brown spot on the growing cucumber.

Example 2 Germinated seed 3 of cucumber (cultivar: Sharp One) in a sowing box
0 seeds are seeded, and a container with a lid (length 100
cm x 40cm x 53cm) and humidity 70%
And placed in an artificial weather device (manufactured by Koito Kogyo Co., Ltd.) illuminated at 24 ° C. for 12 hours, and treated with a filamentous fungus Kyu-W63 (FE).
RM BP-5578) was inoculated on a PDA plate medium and cultivated with 10 9 cm Petri dishes. On the other hand, the control plot was cultivated without containing the filamentous fungus. Every four days, plant height, hypocotyl diameter, leaf length, leaf width and number of leaves were examined. The leaf colors of the cotyledons and developed leaves were measured using a chlorophyll meter (SPAD502, manufactured by Minolta).
After the final survey, each plant was dug up and the raw weight was measured. This test was repeated three times to examine the effect of the filamentous fungus Kyu-W63 on the growth of cucumber seedlings. The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. In the treatment section, the filamentous fungus Kyu-W6
Due to severe drying of the cultures of the three bacteria, new cultures were replaced every four days.

[0017]

[Table 3]

[0018]

[Table 4]

In the treated section in which the filamentous fungus coexisted, the initial growth of the cucumber was promoted, and the number of developed leaves increased. In addition, the cotyledon and true leaf tended to have a darker leaf color. The value measured by the chlorophyll meter was higher in the treated section, which suggests that the concentration of chlorophyll contained in the cotyledon was higher in the treated section. The fresh weight at the end of the survey was 1.3 times higher in the treated plot than in the control plot. On the other hand, since there is almost no difference in leaf length and leaf width between the developed leaves, it can be assumed that cultivation in the presence of filamentous fungi is effective in promoting the growth stage.

[0020]

According to the method of the present invention, the onset of cucumber brown spot can be suppressed and the growth of cucumber can be promoted without depending on conventional chemical agents in cultivation of cucumber.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Masataka Iwano 2421 Suji, Oaza, Nishigoshi-cho, Kikuchi-gun, Kumamoto No.206 Agricultural Experiment Station Building RC-A Building 206

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for cultivating cucumber grown in a facility, wherein the cucumber is cultivated together with a filamentous fungus capable of producing a volatile bacteriostatic substance. 2. The filamentous fungus is Kyu-W63 (FERM).
BP-5578). 3. When cucumber seeds sown in a sowing box are cultivated in a closed room, a filamentous fungus Kyu-W63 (FERM BP-5578) having a volatile bacteriostatic substance-producing ability.
A method for cultivating cultivated cucumber characterized by suppressing the occurrence of brown spot of cucumber and promoting the growth of cucumber by coexisting with cucumber. 4. A filamentous fungus Kyu-W63 (FERM B)
The method according to claim 3, wherein P-5578) is cultured in a solid medium.