JPH10323798A - Method and device for waste volume reduction - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To greatly reduce the volume of a glass wool waste S and simplify the treatment at a low cost. SOLUTION: The compression volume reduction is performed by a piston 22 in a cylinder 11, wherein the waste injection and the compression are repeated. At the final compression stage only, the pressure is so adjusted that the waste S to become a powder. The final compression is performed at 100-150 kgf/cm<2> for about 30 seconds, and others are at 20-30 kgf/cm<2> . The glass wool is crushed into powder by the compression, and the residual rate is in a range of 10%. Dust is produced by the compression, but it does not flown off, if the volume reduced material is taken in by a bag at the discharging point of the cylinder 11. The step-by-step compression makes the action smooth.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for reducing the volume of waste glass wool or rock wool used as a heat insulating material, a sound absorbing material or the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in order to obtain a comfortable living environment, many heat insulating materials and sound absorbing materials are used, among which glass wool and rock wool are available. If the glass wool or the like as a building material is processed into a size corresponding to the purpose, scraps are inevitably left, and scraps (waste materials) as the scraps must be processed. At present, waste materials from factories are put into non-combustible collection vehicles equipped with a pushing device, reduced in volume and transported to a relay station specialized in processing, and then consolidated without landfilling or requiring less strength, such as flowerpots. Etc. are mixed during molding.

Further, as a waste material treatment device for rock wool, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-177393 discloses a method for reducing the volume of rock wool using a horizontal pressing device, and then binding it with a corrugated paperboard plate and a press material binding material. , Which are processed as a predetermined size.

Further, as a well-known technique of this type of waste material treatment, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-338601, a waste material such as glass wool, rock wool, or styrene foam is finely ground by cutting and then hopper once. And then wrapped in a bag made of synthetic resin such as polyethylene.

[0005]

The volume reduction rate of the non-combustible material collection vehicle is at most about 50 to 65%, and does not cause much problem when the amount of waste material discharged from the factory is small.
As the volume increases, further volume reduction is desired.

The prior art described in the former publication has a compression pressure of about 50 kgf / cm ² and a volume reduction rate of at most 10%, and does not contribute much to the problem of bulk during transportation. By the way, it is clear that the larger the volume reduction rate and the smaller the remaining volume ratio (volume after compression / volume before compression), the lower the transportation cost to post-processing. In addition, the prior art uses a corrugated paper board and a tying material to tie it together, which requires a complicated packing process.In addition, after binding, rock wool leaks from the tying material when moving or transporting to the destination. Leave problems with the work environment, such as falling.

The known technique described in the latter publication can reduce the volume by pulverization, so that the volume reduction rate can be relatively large. However, there is a problem of dust when finely pulverizing waste materials for cutting and pulverization. The problem remains as a working environment for workers. In this publication, the pulverized product after the pulverization is packaged in a bag. However, since the pulverization equipment and the packaging equipment are separate devices, the equipment cost is high.

[0008] Incidentally, since styrene foam is rich in elasticity, volume reduction by compression alone is almost impossible, and volume reduction by cutting, pulverization and melting is mainly used.

[0009] The volume reduction of the above-mentioned waste material is a problem not only at the offcuts but also at the site such as demolition of buildings.

By the way, glass wool is obtained by spraying molten glass and fibrillating it by centrifugal force. On the other hand, rock wool melts a highly heat-resistant mineral mainly composed of lime silica. Fiberized by centrifugal compressed air or high-pressure steam. In such a case, it has been found that the overgrown fibers forming the wool are easily crushed and become powdery when compressed with a certain degree of force or more. If it is powdered, the bulk will be extremely small.

The first object of the present invention is to achieve a greater volume reduction of waste materials based on the above findings, and a second object is to make the treatment of the reduced volume inexpensive and simple.

[0012]

In order to solve the first and second problems, the present invention introduces a glass wool waste material or a rock wool waste material from one end into a cylinder and slides the waste material through the cylinder. The volume is reduced by compressing with a moving press head, and the reduced volume is discharged from the other end of the cylindrical body, and the compression pressure of the press head is set so that the waste material is crushed into powder. At the discharge port of the cylindrical body, a bag for storing the volume-reduced material can be continuously set so as to cover the discharge port so that the powdery volume-reduced material is not scattered.

As described above, when rock wool and glass wool are compressed until they are crushed, they become powdery, and the residual ratio becomes extremely small. For example, glass wool becomes 10% or less.

Further, dust is generated by powdering due to the volume reducing action. However, since both ends are closed in the cylinder in a closed state, the dust is stored in the bag as it is without leaking to the outside. . Therefore, there is no problem in the working environment.

Further, resin is generally mixed into the rock wool and the glass wool by coating with a fiber or the like, and the volume-reduced material comes out of the cylinder due to its tackiness and entanglement of the powdered fibers. Also has a shape that can be smoothly inserted into the bag, and the size thereof is appropriately determined, so that the bag becomes suitable for transportation. By the way, the degree of holding of the shape refers to a state in which the shape is broken by lightly scraping with a hand.

When the waste material is glass wool, if the compression pressure is set to 100 kgf / cm ² or more, the powder becomes a required powder, and is economically preferably 150 kgf / cm ² or less. Middle, 125kgf
/ Cm ² is preferred. In this case, only the second problem is solved.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the above-mentioned waste material compressing action in a cylinder, in order to make the volume reduced into a size that can be put into the bag, waste material input into the cylinder and compression of the press head are repeated. The compression pressure at which the waste material is powdered is preferably set, and each compression pressure before that is preferably lower than the last compression.

If the pressure is low, the operation of the press head is fast and the operation is smooth, and the pressure is appropriately determined so that a space in which the next waste material can enter by compression is formed in the cylinder. This action is performed by the controller of the press.

When the waste material is glass wool,
The last compression pressure is preferably 100 to 150 kgf / cm ² , and the other compression pressures are preferably 20 to 30 kgf / cm ² . At this time, the pressurization time for the last powder is 20 to
30 seconds is economical. If it is less than 20 seconds, sufficient powdering cannot be expected, and if it exceeds 30 seconds, more powdering cannot be expected.

[0020]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment, and FIG.
An X-ray sectional view, FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line YY in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4 to 15 are explanatory diagrams showing the operation thereof. Hereinafter, this embodiment will be described by reducing glass wool waste S (hereinafter simply referred to as waste). A description will be given together with the operation of processing.

First, the outline of the volume reducing device 1 of this embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a lateral pressing press 2 is provided on the rear surface of a cylindrical molding cylinder 11, and the front surface of the cylinder 11 is provided with a discharge port. It has become. A hopper 9 for charging the waste material S is provided at the rear of the cylinder 11, and the amount of the hopper 9 is controlled by the circuit breaker 3.
Can be adjusted.

A gate 12 is provided in the middle of the cylinder 11. The gate 12 is inserted into the cylinder 11 as shown by a chain line in FIG. 2), the waste material S is compressed.

The outlet of the cylinder 11 is provided with a bag-making device (roll R, feeder 6, etc.) so that a powdery reduced material described later does not scatter at the outlet. A bag for covering the discharge opening and containing the volume-reduced material is set continuously. A receiving press 4 for the bag and reduced volume faces the discharge port.

The outline of this embodiment is as described above.
Next, the details will be further described with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 4 shows the initial state of the processing step, in which the pushing piston 22 (the cross section of the piston is rectangular) at the tip end of the lateral pushing press 2 projects to the tip end. In this state, a roll R of a synthetic resin sheet a of polyethylene or the like (hereinafter referred to as a sheet) disposed on the four outer peripheral surfaces of the molding cylinder 11
The sheet a is fed from the (four places) to the four outer peripheral surfaces of the discharge port by the pinch rolls of the feeding device 6, and is welded in the corner welding machine 7 so as to sew the four corners of the sheet, and is put into a bag state to form the receiving press 4. (See FIGS. 1 and 2).
At this time, the waste material S has already been thrown into the hopper 9, waits in the state of S 1, and since the blocking plate 32 of the circuit breaker 3 is closed, the waste material S does not enter the inside of the forming cylinder 11. ing.

In FIG. 5, as shown by a solid line from a solid line in FIG. 3A, the sheet a formed into a bag shape which has been fed is sandwiched by the joining machine 5 so as to be clamped from above and below, and heated. And close the sheet edge. After this closing, as shown in FIG. 6, the clamper 51 of the joining machine 5 moves up and down to open, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the shutters 81 and 82 of the shutter device 8 are closed and the end surface of the sheet a is flattened. And the central portion is welded by shutters 81 and 82 to form the end of the bag of the synthetic resin sheet a. In addition,
The clamper 51 of the joining machine 5 and the shutters 81 and 82 of the shutter device 8 are operated by an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric jack or the like.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
Reference numerals 1 and 82 open, and the receiving piston 42 of the receiving press 4 advances, and lightly abuts on the end of the bag of the sheet a near the leading end of the forming cylinder 11. Simultaneously with this state, the pressing piston 22 retreats, and the gate 12 descends and comes into close contact with the inner surface of the molding cylinder 11, whereby the molding chamber A is secured.

When the molding chamber A is secured, the blocking plate 32 of the circuit breaker 3 is opened, and the waste material S waiting in the hopper 9 falls into the molding cylinder 11 and enters the molding process in the state of S2 (see FIG. 2). (FIG. 8). At the start of the forming, as shown in FIG. 9, the blocking plate 32 is advanced to close the hopper 9, so that the waste material S in the hopper 9 does not fall into the forming cylinder 11, and the pressing piston 22 is advanced. It proceeds inside the molding chamber A while being in the state of the waste material S3.

At the time of molding, as shown in FIG. 10, the layers L1, L2, L3,... Are laminated while passing through the above-mentioned compression cycle, but the maximum pressure is 150 kgf / cm ^2.
Is required at the time of final molding, and 150k
It is not necessary to mold with a pressure of gf / cm ² . That is, for example, in the case of glass wool having a bulk specific gravity of 64 kgf / m ³ and a forming (final shape) size of 40 × 40 × 60 cm, the weight becomes 61.44 kgf. When 60 kgf (approximately 1 m ³ in bulk) is put into the hopper 9, the completed molding S 4 (pressurization: 150 kgf / cm ² , pressurization time: 20 to 30 seconds) shown in FIG. Since the distance L from the pressure receiving surface to the pressing surface of the pressing piston 22 is obtained, the stroke amount (dimension) of the pressing piston 22 corresponding to the distance L is detected, and the molding is completed.

When the molding is completed, a process of removing the reduced volume S5 of the glass wool waste material is started, and as shown in FIG.
The gate 12 ascends and discharges the formed waste material S5 of the glass wool. Since the waste material S5 is in a powder state, the waste material S5 is formed on the pressure receiving surface portion of the gate 12 by friction at a contact surface with the pressure receiving surface. Partly collapsed and became the same state,
As shown in FIG. 12, the pressing piston 22 moves to the leading end of the forming cylinder 11 and contacts the receiving piston 42 of the receiving press 4 and the end of the sheet bag.
State).

In this state, as shown in FIG. 13, the pushing piston 22 and the receiving piston 42 move back and forth while holding the waste material S6 between the ends of the bag of the sheet. In the final stage of FIG. 14, the joining machine 5 sandwiches the synthetic resin bag a from above and below and heats it to close the bag end surface at the final stage of FIG. The formed waste material becomes a wrapper S8 suitable for transportation, and the wrapper product S8 is placed on the mounting plate 10 by a pusher, a hand, or the like.
Is completed, the state shown in FIG. 15, that is, the state shown in FIG. 6, is obtained, and thereafter, the envelope product S8 is produced by the same operation.

[0032]

[Experimental example] In the above embodiment, the test material: micro wool duct (glass wool for heat insulation attached to the outer peripheral surface of an air conditioning pipe of a building or the like), dimensions of the test piece: □
30 × 25 mm thick (bulk specific gravity 64 kgf / m ³ ), compressor (sample embedding press manufactured by Marumoto Industries Co., Ltd.), cylinder 11
Inner diameter: 25 mm) and pressure (5
0-200 kgf / cm ² ), pressurizing time (0.5-10
Min), and the results are shown in FIG.

According to this result, it is assumed that the most effect on volume reduction is the pressing force, and no change is observed when the pressurizing time exceeds 30 seconds. From this, the pressure:
100 to 150 kgf / cm ² , pressurization time: 20 to 30
It can be seen that volume reduction of 1/8 to 1/10 can be achieved in seconds.

FIG. 17 (a) is a 100-times simulated view of the glass wool surface before compression (volume reduction), and FIG. 17 (b) is a simulated view of the same after volume reduction. Thus, it can be understood that the fibers t and t ′ became fine and powdery.

Further, a cross section close to the actual machine (length × width: 600
Similarly, when the volume of waste glass wool was reduced using a horizontal hydraulic press machine (manufactured by Sankutsu Sangyo Co., Ltd.) having a molding chamber of (× 650 mm), almost the same results as in the above example were obtained.

In the above embodiment, glass wool was used. However, in the apparatus of this embodiment, when the volume of rock wool was reduced, the required powder was obtained, and the volume was reduced conventionally.

The gate 12 may be omitted, and the piston 42 of the receiving press 4 may perform its function.
Further, the compression part can be heated, but not so much effect can be expected.

[0038]

According to the present invention, a large volume reduction of glass wool and rock wool can be obtained inexpensively and easily, and a good working environment can be obtained without problems such as dust.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a waste material reducing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line YY of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment.

FIG. 13 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment.

FIG. 14 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment.

FIG. 15 is an operation explanatory view of the embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing the relationship between pressure and residual volume ratio.

FIG. 17 is a mimetic diagram of glass wool.

[Explanation of symbols]

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 volume reduction device 2 side pushing press 3 waste material cut-off device 4 receiving press 5 sheet joining machine 6 sheet feeding device 7 sheet corner welding machine 8 shutter device 9 hopper 11 forming cylinder (cylindrical body) of volume reduction device 12 gate 22 pressing pressure piston shutter R sheet roll a sheet (bag) S of (pressing head) 32 blocking plate 42 receives the clamper 81, 82 shutter device of the press piston 51 joining machine, S ₁ to S ₈ waste (packaging products)

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A glass wool waste material S or a rock wool waste material is introduced from one end into a cylindrical body 11 and the waste material S
Is compressed by a press head 22 that slides in the cylindrical body 11 to reduce the volume, and the reduced volume is discharged from the other end of the cylindrical body 11. The compression pressure of the press head 22 is equal to the waste material S Is crushed into a powdery state, and a bag a for accommodating the volume-reduced material is continuously provided at the discharge port of the cylindrical body 11 so as to cover the discharge port so that the powdery volume-reduced material is not scattered. Waste material volume reduction device that can be set. 2. In order to reduce the volume of the reduced volume into the bag, the waste material is repeatedly put into the cylinder 11 and the compression of the press head 22 is repeated. 2. The waste material reducing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each preceding compression pressure is lower than the last compression pressure. 3. The waste material S is glass wool, and the final compression pressure is 100 to 150 kgf / cm ² , and the other compression pressure is 20 to 30 kgf / cm ^2. Waste volume reduction equipment. 4. The pressurizing time for compressing said waste material S into a powder form is set to 20 to 30 seconds.
Waste volume reduction device according to 1. 5. A glass wool waste material or a rock wool waste material is introduced into the cylindrical body 11 from one end thereof, and the waste material S
Is compressed by a press head 22 that slides in the cylinder 11 to reduce the volume. When the reduced volume is discharged from the other end of the cylinder 11, the compression pressure of the press head 22 is crushed by the waste material S. And set the bag a continuously at the outlet of the cylindrical body 11 so as to cover the outlet so as to prevent the powdered volume-reduced material from scattering and store the volume-reduced material. A method of reducing the volume of waste material by putting it in a bag while maintaining the shape of the reduced volume and discharging it in a shape suitable for transportation. 6. A method for reducing the volume of waste glass S by compressing the waste wool S into a powder by setting the compression pressure to 100 kgf / cm ² or more. 7. To reduce the volume of the reduced volume into the bag, the waste material is repeatedly charged into the cylinder 11 and the press head 22 is repeatedly compressed. 7. The waste material treatment method according to claim 5, wherein each preceding compression pressure is lower than the last compression pressure. 8. The waste material S is glass wool, wherein the final compression pressure is 100 to 150 kgf / cm ² , and the other compression pressure is 20 to 30 kgf / cm ^2. Waste material treatment method. 9. The pressurizing time for compressing the waste material S into a powder form is 20 to 30 seconds.
Waste disposal method according to any one of the above.