JPH10290916A - Dehumidifier - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a small-sized dehumidifier in which the movement of steam is continuously operated between the two spaces where different temp. and humidity vary, for a long time with an extremely small amt. of power and dehumidifying and drying can be executed at a low running cost. SOLUTION: A device housing 1 is connected with the atmosphere into which steam is discharged through an insulated passage 3, moisture permeation membranes 4, 5 and 6 where one face has water repellency and having waterproofness and air-permeability and moisture are provided in the shape of a truncated conical body so that the water-repellent face is faced to the atmosphere side, the passage 3 is annularly divided and formed by the moisture permeation membranes 4, 5 and 6 into plural small compartments 20, 21, 22 and 23, a Peltier element 10 is provided to provide a temp. slope always so as to lower the air temp. in the small compartments along a second space side and a grounded conductive porous body 9 is provided close to the moisture permeable membranes 4 and 5 of the compartments 20 and 22 heated and cooled by the Peltier element so that the product of the air-permeability and moisture permeability of the moisture permeable membranes 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 is decreased by closing to the moisture permeable membrane on the atmosphere side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device which is installed outdoors, or a closed space in a storage box which is placed indoors where humidity tends to be high or an interior space of a room where humans live. The present invention relates to a dehumidifier for drying steam and moisture to the outside, which is small and can be operated with a small amount of electric power for equipment, boxes and small rooms.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as an apparatus for dehumidifying water vapor in the air, there is an electric dehumidifier / air conditioner which cools a condenser immediately after sucking air, cooling it by an evaporator, dew condensation, and separating water. There is also a method of chemically dehumidifying a small space such as a closet or a box using a moisture absorbent. The former electric dehumidifier / air conditioner requires a fan and a pump for sucking in air containing moisture and for cooling.This increases the production cost and requires a fan / pump to maintain the dehumidified / dry state. The pump had to be operated and the running cost was high, and the device was large. Further, in the case of using the latter, the amount of absorbed moisture is limited, and replacement or regeneration of the absorbent is required, which also increases the cost.

[0003]

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the movement of water vapor between two spaces in which the temperature and the humidity fluctuate can be operated continuously for a long period of time with a small size and very small electric power. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dehumidifier having a very low cost.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The constitution of the present invention which has solved the above-mentioned problems is as follows: 1) A device insulated from a first space in a device / box or a room to be dehumidified and a second space from which water vapor is discharged by an insulated passage. A water-repellent, water-permeable, breathable membrane is provided in the passage in a truncated cone shape with the water-repellent surface facing the second space; A passage is annularly partitioned by a wet film, a plurality of small chambers are formed, and a Peltier element is provided which constantly provides a temperature gradient so that the temperature of the air in the small chamber becomes lower according to the second space side, and the Peltier element heats and cools the small chamber. A grounded conductive porous body is provided in close proximity to the moisture permeable membrane, and the heating and cooling surfaces of the Peltier element and the conductive porous body are each thermally connected via a heat transfer body. The product of the permeability and the moisture permeability of the moisture permeable membrane is smaller as the moisture permeable membrane on the second space side becomes smaller. 2) A dehumidifying device / box or a first space in a room and a second space from which water vapor is discharged are connected by an insulated passage, and one surface of the passage has water repellency. In addition, a waterproof and breathable moisture-permeable membrane is provided in a truncated cone shape so that the water-repellent surface is on the second space side, and the moisture-permeable membrane defines a plurality of small chambers by annularly dividing the passage. A Peltier element for providing a temperature gradient such that the temperature of the air in the small room becomes lower in accordance with the second space side is provided so as to operate at a time when the temperature of the first space is higher than the temperature of the second space; A grounded conductive porous body is provided close to the moisture permeable membrane of the small chamber where the element is heated and cooled, and the heating and cooling surfaces of the Peltier element and the conductive porous body are each heated via a heat transfer body. And the product of the air permeability and the moisture permeability of the plurality of moisture permeable membranes is the second space side A dehumidifier configured to be larger as the moisture-permeable membrane becomes larger. 3) A small chamber is formed by forming an inclined side surface of a truncated cone with a moisture-permeable membrane so as to enclose a small truncated cone within a large truncated cone. The dehumidifier according to any one of the above 1) and 2) in which a plurality of small chambers are formed. 4) The first space is an equipment box containing electric equipment outdoors and the second space is the atmosphere. Any of the dehumidifiers. The term of the air permeability herein is:
It is the air permeability of JIS term.

[0005]

According to the present invention, the first and second spaces having different temperature and humidity environments are connected by a passage. The outer periphery of the passage is insulated so that the internal state of the passage is not affected by the temperature of the uncontrollable space of the periphery of the passage. A truncated cone-shaped moisture-permeable membrane is provided in the passage, and two or more small chambers are provided in the passage in an annular shape. The value of the product of the permeability and the moisture permeability of each moisture permeable membrane is set, and the difference in the value of the product of the permeability and the moisture permeability causes a difference in the water vapor transmission rate, and the value of the product changes from a larger value to a smaller value. Transfer of water vapor is easy. Therefore, when there is a difference in humidity between the two spaces, the water vapor basically tries to move through the passage in the direction of low humidity, but by reducing the value of the product of the moisture permeable membrane. The movement of the water vapor is accelerated by the water vapor transmission rate (product value), or the movement of the water vapor in the opposite direction is decelerated to increase the movement (directionality) of the water vapor. The temperature inside a metal box installed outdoors is affected by the wind and the ambient temperature (15 ° C to 20 ° C).
-5 ° C ~ 30 °
If the value of the product of the moisture permeable membrane is smaller on the atmosphere side, and the value of the product on the higher side is the case side, the water vapor in the case works strongly in the direction of discharge to dehumidify the inside of the case. Become. In the case of a plastic box having high heat insulation and a low rate of change in the internal temperature, a moisture permeable membrane having a high product value is placed on the atmosphere side. The reason why a plurality of small chambers are provided in the ventilation path is that, by partitioning into small spaces of the small chamber, the temperature and pressure conditions of the partitioned space can be easily adjusted to a state necessary for controlling the movement of water vapor. The purpose is to increase the sensitivity of water vapor transfer due to differences in space temperature and pressure. Heating with a smaller Peltier element
It is to increase the temperature difference due to cooling by using a small chamber. The temperature difference between the small chambers due to the Peltier element is a temperature difference at which dew condensation hardly occurs, for example, about 2 to 5 ° C. In the present invention, the surface on the second space side of the moisture-permeable film is made water-repellent. As a result, the water condensed on the water-repellent surface is repelled from the water-repellent surface by water repellency, peeled off, flows down vertically in the second space side, and enters the first space side via the moisture-permeable film. To prevent. It is also significant that condensation on the water-repellent surface prevents reverse movement of water vapor. Then, when the dew condensation on the water-repellent surface is released, heat of vaporization is taken, and the small chamber below the water-repellent surface side is cooled to increase the temperature difference, thereby improving the directionality of water vapor. In particular, it acts in a direction that limits the movement of water vapor from the lower chamber to the upper chamber.
Further, the water-repellent surface is relatively negatively charged, so that Na of NaCl can be attached to prevent NaCl from entering, which is effective in reducing salt damage.

The conductive porous body is provided on the upper and lower sides of the moisture permeable membrane and is grounded, and the grounding is performed because the outer wall of the small chamber, that is, the wall material of the passage wall of the ventilation passage has a moisture-retaining dielectric material of water vapor. The purpose is to prevent the movement speed from being affected. In addition, the conductive porous body suppresses the electrification of the moisture-permeable film, thereby preventing the moisture-permeable film from lowering in moisture-permeable ability. This prevents abnormal charging when the movement of water vapor is large, and facilitates convection when the movement is small. Another function of the conductive porous body is to be a good conductor of heat transfer or heat transfer of the Peltier element, thereby facilitating temperature control of the small chamber.

[0007] One of the adjacent small chambers is heated by the Peltier element through the conductive porous body, and the other small chamber is cooled through the other conductive porous body to generate a temperature difference (temperature gradient) between the small chambers. . As a result, the steam tends to move to a lower temperature and pressure. Therefore, the directionality of the movement of water vapor is enhanced at the temperature. Further, the management of the temperature of the small chamber / porous body controls the dew point and secures the direction of movement of water vapor. By controlling the temperature and pressure of the small chamber by the Peltier element in this manner, the direction of movement of water vapor is enhanced. Alternatively, the movement of water vapor in the reverse direction is inhibited, and the direction is maintained. The conductive porous body of the moisture-permeable membrane prevents the electrification of water vapor, prevents the directional disturbance of water vapor movement due to static electricity caused by the moisture-permeable membrane and the dielectric of the wall of the ventilation path, and removes water vapor in one space. It can be smoothly moved to the other space.

The reason why the moisture permeable membrane of the present invention is formed as a cone will be described. Combining three types of control: control of natural convection by reducing or expanding the volume, control of the probability of loss per unit area in the direction of the movement of retained thermal energy, and control utilizing the difference in heat conduction speed of heat insulators In addition, the contradiction of the energy gradient in the moving direction must be contrived so as to be compatible with the natural heat conduction speed by utilizing the physical properties of the material constituting the device. Therefore, the inconsistency of the gradient of the heat energy in the moving direction can be basically solved by the combination of the heat transfer body and the heat insulator. An auxiliary measure for satisfying this relationship is a combination of the area of the chamber surface. For this purpose, it is also possible to apply the formation of a chamber having a conical or substantially trapezoidal cross section. The reason for this is that, for example, if the frame or mesh is made of the same heat conductive material, heat transfer is performed in proportion to the length. Can be adjusted using a variable depending on the length. This is a very important matter in the case of this device, which assumes a very low current consumption, and it is a particularly effective means when using a material having a high heat conduction rate without using a heat insulating material. Becomes By making the area conical, a large area is ensured as compared with the ring-shaped membrane arrangement, and therefore, the amount of movable water vapor also increases dramatically. Further, when the surface area increases, the loss energy released from the surface by radiation or heat of vaporization is proportional to the surface area. Therefore, as the length increases, the heat transfer rate is proportional to the heat transfer rate, and the heat transfer rate decreases.On the other hand, the loss increases due to the surface area that increases as the length increases. The relationship between heat transfer and heat loss differs between the case and the conical case. Accordingly, as for the conduction efficiency in the longitudinal direction, the rate of increase of the surface area is smaller in the case of a cone, and conversely, as a reciprocal relation of this relation, the rate of loss of conduction velocity per unit is smaller in the case of a cone. Further, the minimum value of the surface area is obtained when the diameter is equal to the height in the case of the cylinder, and is obtained when the height is 1.73 times which is the square root of the diameter of 3 in the case of the cone ( See FIG. 19). As a means for adjusting the heat conduction speed, an apparatus configuration that satisfies the relationship between the length and the surface area may be used. Further, if the moisture-permeable membrane that defines the small chamber is formed in a truncated cone shape, and a frusto-conical shape is further incorporated so as to be enclosed in a large and small size, the small chamber can be formed compactly and the conical small chamber can be formed. It becomes a space, and by increasing the surface area with respect to the volume, the heat loss can be reduced and the water vapor transfer directionality can be made efficient.

The moisture permeable membrane will be described in more detail. FIG.
1 is a diagram in which the product of moisture permeability and air permeability (air permeability) is converted to dew point. This indicates the comparison temperature when the inside of the porous part inside the membrane part is physically saturated or reaches the dew point. The comparative dew point temperature difference corresponding to the horizontal axis, which is located on the box side from the left side of the figure and indicates the first film, the second film, and the third film, is shown. This figure can be plotted at a position corresponding to the temperature difference between the small chambers in enthalpy or steam mass (steam saturated vapor pressure curve). If the water vapor mass curve is considered as a carrier of heat energy, it can be considered that it can be replaced by enthalpy. The fact that the heat energy can be converted into the amount of heat energy due to the mass of water vapor in each space (a box that is a dehumidifying or humidifying space) or outside air has an important significance in capacity conversion. This amount of water vapor transmission is basically governed by the capacity of the membrane in the small chamber formed by each membrane. Further, the pressure difference caused by the temperature difference is expressed as a heat energy difference at a specific temperature depending on the mass of water vapor at each part, given that the figures are converted at 20 degrees and 40 degrees, respectively. Have been. In FIG. 11, each measurement result at about 20 degrees is indicated by efgh, and each measurement result at about 40 degrees is indicated by abcd. FIG. 11 is schematically plotted on the enthalpy and vapor pressure curves as shown in FIG. The outside air side or the space to be dehumidified or humidified was closed by AU1 to AU4, respectively. The separation ability of the membrane itself is a / (gh) × 100.
(%). Further, it is considered that the process af acts to prevent a temperature difference in dew point from being too large in order to prevent a sudden inflow from the outside air from occurring. At the time of discharge, it is determined that f has a buffering action to facilitate movement of the mass to be dehumidified or humidified. When arranged in order of energy, AU1>a> AU2, AU3> g, AU4> h
It has become. When the energy is transferred and homogenized in order to stabilize from a high energy state to a low energy state, the stoppage of movement is based on general physical laws. The moving direction is defined at each virtual point (AU to h). That is, since the light moves from a high direction to a low direction, it is defined as follows. AU1 → a → AU2, AU3 →
g, (AU3 to AU4) → gh · f → h, h → AU4. Therefore, assuming that only the movement from the high energy direction to the low energy direction is possible, the temperature 12
If the steam at AU2 at ° C is to be moved in this device, the AU2 at 12 ° C
A to h at an energy position lower than the water vapor energy of
Must exist. Therefore, the separation efficiency can be arbitrarily changed by these inclinations. When a Peltier element is used, cooling and heating can be performed simultaneously, so that this relationship must be satisfied in the entire apparatus. Further, when a heat-generating coil or heater is used as the heating means, the difference in the ability to move from the warm direction to the cold direction is inferior to that of the Peltier element, but this difference As a means of avoiding, cooling is performed by utilizing a substance having a high heat absorption capacity as a cooling body, that is, a material having a high heat conduction rate such as aluminum.In this case, a fin form that increases the heat radiation area is used. There is a need to grant. The above-described means is a theory derived from the amount of heat energy held by the steam when the discharge from the outside air and the backflow phenomenon are considered based on the analysis result of the basic mode model of the present apparatus.

As shown in the block schematic diagram, assuming that each block is water vapor, each is recognized as heat energy. That is, since the energy transfer moves from the high direction to the low direction, the energy transfer gradually moves (moves) from the inside of the box to the outside air side on the block diagram. While blo
In the lower diagram of the ck diagram, which of the small chambers on the first space side and the small chamber on the second space side reaches the equilibrium state first, that is, 2
It becomes a problem whether the balance is made toward the small room on the space side or the movement is balanced from the small room on the second space side to the small room on the first space side toward the box side. Since these move from the high direction to the low direction due to the heat energy of water vapor as enthalpy, when performing Peltier or other active movement, the film functions as follows for the direction to be dehumidified. Conditions are required. In the case of the first space where the temperature fluctuation is smaller than that of the second space, the movement in the first space direction occurs from the second space side, so that the movement is first from the second space side small room to the first space side small room. . This depends on the difference between the moisture permeability and the permeability of the membrane. That is, since the water vapor permeability gradient is smaller toward the first space side than the second space side, water vapor easily penetrates, but the air permeability is the reciprocal. It is evaluated by. This product relatively appears as an adiabatic cooling phenomenon because the product becomes larger toward the first space side than the second space side, that is, the probability that water vapor can be present (transferred) increases. When the energy amount of the steam reaches the equilibrium with the cooling amount by the adiabatic cooling, dew condensation occurs. That is, in the case of a heat-insulating plastic box in which the difference between the amount of energy of the moving water vapor and the amount of energy by adiabatic cooling is low, the moisture permeability from the first space to the second space is high, so The water vapor easily moves toward the outside air due to the difference, and diffuses at a speed depending on the moisture permeability difference between the membranes 3 and 2, and the water vapor moves from the outside air side to the outside small chamber / inside small chamber which antagonizes this velocity. Movement from the first space to the second space side occurs until the point at which the diffusion rate and the diffusion energy are balanced. The first space, on the other hand, has a significantly higher cooling or heating rate than the outside air. For example, in the case of a space inside a metal box, when the energy transfer amount due to moisture permeation is smaller than the energy decrease amount due to adiabatic cooling, suction is performed. The moisture condensed due to the adiabatic cooling of the air is sucked and moves to the box side, and due to the transfer of heat energy to the condensed water due to the condensation, the moisture permeability fluctuation is set from the box side to the outside air in the second space. The heat energy accompanying the movement of water vapor due to the difference in the probability of humidity greatly exceeds the heat energy, and each difference due to suction (by cooling) on the side of the case acts as humidification into the case. The evaluation is the same formula as in the case of dehumidification. Therefore, in the case of a box having a large amount of heat energy fluctuation, for example, a metal box, when the fluctuation of heat energy is significantly larger than the amount of heat energy transferred due to the movement of water vapor, that is, the amount of water vapor passing through the membrane is obtained. Because of the thermal energy generated by adiabatic compression, the transfer of water vapor is likely to move to the box side due to the large difference in probability (Fig. 11).
When the water vapor moves from the box side to the outside air side, the water vapor is turned into water by adiabatic cooling and moves to the outside air while flipping on the water repellent surface. Therefore, the setting conditions must be changed between when the thermal energy is constantly driven by the Peltier and when only the daytime is driven. FIG. 18 shows the relationship between the size of a metal box or a plastic box installed outdoors which acts as the dehumidifier of the present invention, and the size of the moisture permeable membrane. In this figure, (a) shows an example of a fail-safe configuration in which the size of the moisture-permeable membrane is large, and the membrane acts in the direction of dehumidification even when the Peltier element does not operate.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION As a member forming a ventilation path (compartment wall of a small chamber), a composite material having a laminated structure is preferable because it has excellent heat insulating properties and can reduce the thermal influence through the path wall of the ventilation path.
The conductive porous body preferably has a mesh size of about 34 × 32, and preferably has good electrical conductivity and good thermal conductivity, such as a copper mesh, a stainless steel mesh, a platinum mesh, a metal plating, or a metal-deposited plastic. It is separated from the membrane within 1 mm. The Peltier element and the conductive porous body are covered with an insulating film (dielectric) such as a thin polyethylene film on both the conductive porous body and the cooling and heating surfaces of both electrodes. The power consumption of the Peltier element varies depending on the size of the small room, but it is only about 0.5 W or less, and the solar cell can sufficiently supply power. As the moisture permeable membrane, it is practical to use a polyolefin-based or nylon-based nonwoven fabric, and use a PE porous water-repellent film on the back surface. In the method of grounding the conductive porous body, it is preferable that the inner surface of the small chamber is covered with a metal film by metal plating or metal deposition to form an electric path for grounding. The metal film on the inner surface also serves to prevent charging of the inner surface of the small chamber at the same time, thereby preventing a decrease in the movement of water vapor due to charging. In addition, the temperature fluctuation on the surface of the small room is made faster.

[0012]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This embodiment is used as a dehumidifier in an electric equipment storage box installed outdoors, a space having a high temperature fluctuation speed in a metal box is defined as one first space, and the atmosphere is defined as a second space in the other. A moisture-permeable membrane is provided double in the form of a truncated cone in an insulated cylinder, the upper surface of the cone being an upper ventilation port with the cylinder in the first space, and the bottom surface of the cylinder in the second space. This is an example in which a lower ventilation port with the atmosphere is provided, a moisture permeable film is provided in each ventilation port, and a Peltier element is provided in the center of the moisture permeable film in the upper ventilation port.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a use state of the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the dehumidifier of the embodiment. FIG. 3 is AA of FIG.
It is an expanded sectional view. FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. FIG. 5 is a CC enlarged cross-sectional view of FIG. FIG. 6 shows FIG.
It is DD expanded sectional view of FIG. FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the values of the air permeability of the three moisture-permeable membranes of the example and the value of the product of the moisture-permeable membranes. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the structure of the moisture-permeable film of the example. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing the conductive porous body and the Peltier element of the first moisture-permeable film of the example. FIG. 11 is a dew point conversion diagram of the product of the moisture permeability and the air permeability in the example. FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the embodiment. FIG. 13 is a model explanatory diagram showing the movement of water vapor due to the product difference of the moisture permeable membrane of the present invention. FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a transition model of the present invention when the outside air side is lower than the box and the inside of the box and the outside air side shift to an equilibrium state. FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing the moisture permeability, the air permeability, and the product of the moisture permeable film in the plastic case, the inflow of steam, and the adiabatic cooling tendency. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the moisture permeability, the air permeability, and the product of the moisture permeable film in the metal box, the inflow of water vapor, and the adiabatic cooling tendency. FIG.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing the moisture permeability, air permeability, and product of the moisture permeable film in the metal box, the inflow of water vapor, and the adiabatic cooling tendency. FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing the arrangement of the moisture-permeable membrane when used with the moisture-proof device of the present invention. FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between surface area and volume in the shape of a cone and a cylinder. FIG. 20 is a front view showing the conical support frame of the moisture-permeable membrane of the example. FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a metal box having an inner volume of 125 liters, 1a denotes a first space in the box 1, 1b denotes a bottom surface of the box 1, 1c denotes a lower ventilation opening opened on the bottom surface, and 2 denotes The second space, the atmosphere, is a passage 3 and a reference numeral 3a is a heat-insulating inner cylinder made of PVC which forms the passage 3 and has an annular groove formed in the upper inner surface.
3b is a heat-insulating outer cylinder made of PVC, 3c is a threaded portion having a small contact area, 3d is an aluminum frame provided as a heat insulator or heat absorber provided at the upper end of the heat-insulating outer cylinder 3a, 3e is a metal heat absorber, 4 Is the first moisture permeable film, 5 is the second moisture permeable film, 6 is the third moisture permeable film.
7 is a fourth moisture permeable film, 8 is a fifth moisture permeable film, 9 is a conductive porous body using a copper mesh provided on the moisture permeable film at an interval of about 1 mm. Is a 0.5 Watt Peltier element, 10a is a heat conductor of an electrical insulator for thermally connecting the heating surface of the Peltier element 10 and the conductive porous body 9, 10b is a cooling surface of the Peltier element 10 2, an aluminum top plate for thermally connecting the moisture permeable membrane 5 to the moisture permeable membrane 5, 11 and 12 are dustproof and insect repellent nets made of water-repellent vinyl chloride, and 13 is a Peltier element 10 wound around the outer periphery of the heat insulating outer cylinder 3a. Solar cell 14 is assembled in a conical cage shape with an aluminum wire 14 (a), and the second moisture-permeable membrane 5
Is a power supply circuit for the Peltier element 10, and a predetermined time required for charging the power supply of the solar cell 13 to the battery. A voltage is supplied to the Peltier element 10. Reference numeral 201 denotes a PE porous film serving as a water-repellent surface of the moisture permeable film, 202 denotes a special porous film, 203 denotes a nylon-based nonwoven fabric, 204 denotes a PE porous film that serves as a water-repellent surface of the moisture permeable film, 20
5 is a special porous film of a moisture-permeable film, 206 is a polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric, 207 is a PE porous film serving as a water-repellent surface of the moisture-permeable film 3l, 208 is a special porous film, and 209 is a polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric. The threaded portion of this embodiment is subjected to a waterproof sealing process on a part and a surface portion thereof for preventing water leakage and airtightness. In addition, a material having high dielectric property such as ethylene tetrafluoride may be used partially or entirely on the water-repellent surface side of the film. Further, a non-woven fabric made of carbon fiber or highly conductive metal fiber may be used as the non-woven fabric to promote the charge removal of the film or the heat transfer (transmission between the non-woven fabric side and the water-repellent surface side). Of course, as long as the water repellency is not hindered or the water resistance is not hindered, the thickness of the membrane is as thin as possible to secure the moisture permeability, which is more advantageous as a movement path of water vapor. .

The moisture permeable membranes 4, 5, 6, used in this embodiment
The values of moisture permeability, air permeability, moisture permeability × air permeability (product) and the maximum pore diameter of No. 7 are as follows. Membrane moisture permeability air permeability product maximum pore diameter first moisture permeable membrane 4 250 18000 4500000 1.0 μm second moisture permeable membrane 5 2000 1000 2000000 1.5 μm third moisture permeable membrane 6 fourth moisture permeable membrane 7 4600 350 1610000 2.0 μm Fifth moisture permeable membrane 8 Test method JIS L1099, JIS P8117 Gas permeation method FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the product of moisture permeability and air permeability of these three kinds of moisture permeable membranes. The arrangement of the first, second, and third films in FIG. 8 and the moisture-permeable films of the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth embodiments are examples of the opposite arrangement.

In this embodiment, when the humidity of the space 1a in the box 1 is higher than the humidity of the atmosphere 2, the water vapor in the box 1 is large or small in the humidity and the first, second, and third moisture permeable membranes. 4,5,6,
The water vapor is formed in the container depending on the size of the product of 7 and 8, the presence of the water-repellent surface of the PE porous film serving as the water-repellent surface, the heating of the small chamber 20 by the Peltier element 10, and the direction of water vapor movement due to the humidity gradient generated by cooling the small chamber 22. The interior 1a moves toward the atmosphere 2 and the humidity of the space 1a of the box 1 is reduced and dried. When the humidity of the atmosphere 2 is high and the humidity of the space 1a of the box 1 is low, the water vapor tends to move from the air side to the box 1, but the water vapor of the first, second, and third moisture permeable membranes is not removed. Since the value of the product decreases in the direction of the atmosphere, the movement of water vapor in the direction of the space 1a in the housing 1 is suppressed. In addition, the water-repellent surface 2
Due to the presence of 01, 205, and 207, the temperature gradient suppresses the movement of water vapor into the space 1a of the box 1 so that the box side of the Peltier element 10 is at a high temperature and the atmosphere side is at a low temperature.
As a result, the water vapor in the space 1a of the box 1a is discharged to the air side when the air is dried, and conversely, when the humidity of the space of the box 1a is low and the air 2 has a higher humidity, the movement of the water vapor is It is said that it will be late, and as a result the humidity inside the box will be kept low. Even if the Peltier device 10 is not operated, water vapor tends to move to the atmosphere, but the Peltier device 10
It can be seen that actuating strongly accelerates the movement of water vapor into the atmosphere. Both the heating surface and the cooling surface of the Peltier element 10 are connected to the conductive porous body 9 by a polyethylene film while maintaining good heat conduction and electrical insulation. In addition, the conductive porous body 9 is made of a copper mesh, and the heat transfer end of the Peltier element 10 and the small chamber 20 are made substantially the same in the heat transfer distance of the mesh to uniformly heat the small chamber wall and the conductive porous body 9 to form the small chamber 2.
The temperature of 0 is quickly made uniform, and the small chambers 20, 21, 22
A temperature gradient was reliably maintained in between. (See Fig. 10)

Further, as shown in FIG. 20, since the moisture permeable membrane 5 itself is a soft body, the moisture permeable membrane 5 is held by using a support frame 14 assembled in a basket shape with an aluminum wire 14a. In addition to supporting the moisture permeable membrane 5, the support frame 14 can be a good heat conductor to cool the small chamber uniformly. In particular, because of the conical shape, the interval between the aluminum wires 14a differs between the upper and lower portions a and b. As a result, a temperature gradient of the contacting gas is generated, thereby promoting convection in the small chamber and promoting movement of water vapor. The fact that a difference is generated between the part a and the part b in the surface area for a specific volume of gas is used.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 21 is an example in which a Peltier element is provided in an intermediate small chamber. In the figure, 170 is a small room, 171
Is a moisture-permeable membrane 1, 172 is a membrane 2, 173 is a membrane 3, 174
Is a moisture permeable membrane and a frame, 175 is a small chamber wall, 176 is a Peltier element, 177 and 178 are meshes, 179 is dustproof or net, 175a is a drainer, 176a is a solar cell for driving the Peltier element, 175b is packing, 175c
Is a heat insulator or a heat absorber. The Peltier element 176 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 21 heats the conductive porous body inside the moisture permeable film 171 and cools the conductive porous body inside the moisture permeable film 172 via the heat transfer body. I have. This is an example in which a temperature difference is provided between two inner and outer small chambers having a truncated cone shape. The other structure and operation are the same as those of the above embodiment. The present invention may be as follows in addition to the points described in the embodiments. The amount of heat of the heat absorber includes heat radiation, heat insulation cavity volume, total surface area of the device, contact area of the support between the box and the device body, contact area of the support portion of the device with the small chamber, and total surface area of the device. In consideration of this, the setting of the temperature gradient is set as the tendency of the fluctuation speed amount. Since it is an essential condition for miniaturization to stabilize the heat retaining capacity of the heat retaining cavity at the required minimum volume, an infrared reflective layer may be formed on the surface of the heat retaining cavity. This means performs metal plating, printing, vapor deposition, etc., and performs this treatment on the outer wall of the small chamber, and performs this surface treatment on the inner wall of the heat insulation cavity, so that both reflections are repeated and the heat transfer is delayed. I do. In this embodiment, for example, a vacuum mirror of Mahobon may be used as a heat retaining cavity.

As a heat absorber or a heat transfer buffer, a sheet such as copper or aluminum, or a sheet such as a laminate sheet (paper and copper, paper and aluminum, resin and metal foil, dielectric and metal foil) is used. When wrapped around a small chamber wall, heat insulation cavity wall, device mounting part, etc. in a roll shape, for example, there is a time margin before heat is transmitted from the outer circumference of the roll to the inside, so that there is a space between the inner small chamber and the outer small chamber. In the case of adjusting the transmission time of the temperature speed, it can be used to prevent backflow or to make up for inefficient time up to the active movement time. In addition, the case where a metal foil having a high heat transfer speed is used and the case where a sheet having a low heat transfer speed is used may be set separately for the outer small chamber and the inner small chamber, or may be set for the outside air side and the box side of the same small chamber. You may. The heat transfer efficiency can be positively controlled by selecting these sheets into a triangular shape so that the short side contacts the small chamber or the long side contacts the small chamber. It is. As a characteristic of the metal foil, since the coefficient of thermal expansion is generally large, a surface which has been in contact with the side on which it is easily wound has a characteristic that a gap is generated with an increase in temperature.

In addition to these features, the heat transfer circulating around the small chamber is not affected by heat imbalance on the case side, such as a cooling phenomenon caused by heat of vaporization due to direct sunlight or wind after rain. It has the feature that it can perform homogenized heat transfer. Also, according to the installation environment, the average temperature or average calorie of the installation part or the environment side, the characteristics of the place, etc. are printed on this sheet, and the wearer can arbitrarily cut this and reassemble it, free heat The transmission speed may be adjusted.

The following are conceivable configurations of the heat absorber or the heat retaining tank. Examples of the components of the heat retaining tank. For the purpose of increasing heat reflection. Ag, Al, Cr, Ni, Ti, Au, Si, Co
O ₃ , Fe ₂ O ₃ Cr ₂ O ₃ , TiO ₂ , SnO ₂ In ₂ O ₃ --substantially or surface-treated, such as having an anti-reflection effect, etc. Ceramic porous body (response characteristic delay ability is large) Asbestos, mica , Glass fiber, paper, Japanese paper Air Styrofoam (can not be used in cold areas and high temperature areas), other porous materials Low melting point gas liquefaction tank (nitrogen tank) (donuts or cylinders in vents) Water tank Steam gas low pressure tank Cooling tank Example of components Spiral plate of aluminum or copper Aluminum lump (alumina-treated), alumina treated lump as a chamber material, surface treatment material for the purpose of increasing absorptivity, or substantial material as Au, Ag, Cu, NiZnS / Ni, Al, Sn
O ₂ , In ₂ O ₃ --- Low-melting point gas liquefaction tank (nitrogen tank) (reflection effect is also obtained) (Donut-shaped or cylinder is set in ventilation path) Contact of heat radiation fins Alternatively, it may be applied to a position that is easy to see from the outside, such as a membrane surface or an outer cylinder, and this discoloration may be used to clearly indicate the replacement time. In this method, for example, thermal paint is applied from below at a high place, or over the entire periphery of the device, or above the ground or at a place close to the residence space, over the entire periphery of the device,
When a certain prominent color (red, blue, yellow), etc. becomes clearly visible, it is necessary to notify the user of the replacement time. Thermal paint is used with a sheet-like thermometer. However, if the temperature fluctuation of the film becomes less effective due to clogging of the film, This treatment is performed particularly in the direction in which the film surface can be seen, utilizing the property that the film tends to be cold. That is, since it is sensed that the porosity on the surface of the film is reduced due to clogging and the film is compressed and the fluctuation of heat of vaporization is increased, the film is easily discolored.

[0021]

As described above, according to the present invention, the value of the product of the air permeability of the moisture permeable membrane and the value of the moisture permeable membrane is arranged in accordance with the direction in which the water vapor moves, and the lower surface of the moisture permeable membrane is made a water repellent surface. By using a conductive porous body and a Peltier element, the moving direction of water vapor is strongly given, and dehumidification and drying can be performed with a small amount of electric power. It was small and inexpensive to manufacture, with no moving parts, and the running cost was extremely low.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a use state of an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the dehumidifier of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line DD of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line EE of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the values of the air permeability of the three moisture permeable films of the example and the value of the product thereof.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a structure of a moisture-permeable film of an example.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a conductive porous body and a Peltier element of a second moisture-permeable film of an example.

FIG. 11 is a dew point conversion diagram of the product of the moisture permeability and the air permeability in the example.

FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory diagram of the embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a model explanatory diagram showing water vapor transfer due to a product difference of the moisture permeable membrane of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a transition model from the inside of the box to the equilibrium state from the outside air side when the outside air side is lower than the box according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 shows the moisture permeability of a moisture permeable membrane in a plastic box.
It is explanatory drawing which shows air permeability and product, the inflow of steam, and the adiabatic cooling tendency.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram showing the moisture permeability, the air permeability, and the product of the moisture permeable film in the metal box, the ease of inflow of water vapor, and the adiabatic cooling tendency.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram showing the moisture permeability, air permeability, and product of the moisture permeable film in the metal box, the ease with which water vapor flows in, and the adiabatic cooling tendency.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement of a moisture permeable membrane when used with the dehumidifier of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a surface area and a volume in a shape of a cone and a cylinder.

FIG. 20 is a front view showing the conical support frame of the moisture-permeable membrane of the example.

FIG. 21 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment of the present invention.

[Brief description of reference numerals]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Metal box 1a Space 1c Bottom surface 2 Atmosphere 3 Ventilation path 3a Insulated inner cylinder 3b Insulated outer cylinder 4 First moisture permeable membrane 5 Second moisture permeable membrane 6 Third moisture permeable membrane 7 Fourth moisture permeable membrane 8 Fifth moisture-permeable membrane 9 Conductive porous body 10 Peltier element 10a Heat transfer body 10b Aluminum top plate 12 Dust-proof insect-proof net 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 Small chamber

Claims (4)

[Claims] An insulated passage connects a first space in a dehumidifying device / box or room with a second space from which water vapor is discharged, and one surface of the passage has water repellency and waterproofness. A gas-permeable moisture-permeable membrane is provided in the shape of a truncated cone such that the water-repellent surface is on the second space side, and a plurality of small chambers are formed by partitioning the passage into an annular shape with the moisture-permeable membrane. A Peltier element is provided that constantly provides a temperature gradient so that the air in the room becomes lower in temperature according to the second space side, and a conductive porous body that is grounded is provided in proximity to the moisture-permeable membrane of the small chamber in which the Peltier element heats and cools. In addition, the heating surface / cooling surface of the Peltier element and the conductive porous body are thermally connected to each other via a heat transfer body, and the product of the air permeability and the moisture permeability of the plurality of moisture permeable membranes is the second space. A dehumidifier that is smaller as the moisture-permeable membrane on the side becomes smaller. 2. A dehumidifying device / box or a first space in a room and a second space from which water vapor is discharged are connected by an insulated passage, and one surface of the passage has water repellency and waterproofness. A gas-permeable moisture-permeable membrane is provided in the shape of a truncated cone such that the water-repellent surface is on the second space side, and a plurality of small chambers are formed by partitioning the passage into an annular shape with the moisture-permeable membrane. A Peltier device for providing a temperature gradient so that the temperature of the room air becomes lower in accordance with the second space side is provided so as to operate at a time when the temperature of the first space is higher than the temperature of the second space, and the Peltier device is heated.・
A grounded conductive porous body is provided in the vicinity of the moisture permeable membrane of the small chamber to be cooled, and the heating and cooling surfaces of the Peltier element and the conductive porous body are thermally connected to each other via a heat transfer body. In addition, the product of the air permeability and the moisture permeability of the plurality of moisture permeable membranes is the second.
A dehumidifying device that becomes larger as the space-side moisture-permeable membrane becomes larger. 3. The small chamber has a plurality of annular small chambers formed by forming inclined side surfaces of the truncated cone with a moisture-permeable membrane so as to enclose a small truncated cone within a large truncated cone. 2. The dehumidifying apparatus according to any one of 2. 4. The dehumidifying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first space is an equipment box housing electric equipment outdoors, and the second space is air.