JPH10253489A - Device to detect water leakage from impermeable material - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Purpose] To make it possible to easily find the location of water leakage of the impermeable material. In an apparatus for detecting leakage of water impermeable material 2 having conductive materials disposed on both sides, an external current electrode 11 disposed in the conductive material on one side of water impermeable material 2 and the other of the water impermeable materials are provided. A linear internal current electrode 10 arranged in the conductive material on the side of
A plurality of potential measurement electrodes disposed in the conductive material on the side of the internal current electrode in the vicinity of the water blocking material, and applying a voltage between the external current electrode and the internal current electrode to measure the potential; The potential in the vicinity of the water-impervious material 2 is measured by the electrode 12, and the leak position of the water-impervious material 2 is determined.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an inspection for water leakage of a waterproof material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when detecting water leakage of a water-blocking material installed at a landfill site a, an internal current electrode b and an external current electrode c are installed inside and outside the water-blocking material, and a voltage is applied between these electrodes. Is applied. FIG. 16 shows the vicinity of the impermeable material due to the application of this voltage.
A potential distribution (a change in the density of the equipotential lines d) having a potential gradient around the internal current electrode b occurs as shown in FIG. In this way, a gradient occurs in the potential distribution serving as the background.

[0003] If there is a water leakage point in the water-blocking material, distortion occurs in the potential distribution, and the leakage position e can be known from the distortion. However, if the potential distribution serving as the background has a slope, FIG.
As shown in 7, the potential distortion due to water leakage is affected by the background,
The leak position e and the center position f of the potential distribution distortion are displaced, and it becomes difficult to accurately specify the leak position. FIG. 18 shows the potential distribution at the water leakage position when the background potential distribution has no inclination.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily find the location of water leakage of a water barrier material.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting leakage of a water-blocking material having conductive materials disposed on both sides thereof.
A first electrode disposed in the conductive material on one side of the water barrier, a linear second electrode disposed in the conductive material on the other side of the water barrier, and a first electrode in the vicinity of the water barrier. A plurality of third electrodes disposed in the conductive material on the two-electrode side, a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode, and the third electrode measures a potential near the water-blocking material. A device for detecting the leakage of the water-impervious material, or a device for detecting the water-leakage of the water-impervious material, wherein a plurality of second electrodes are provided substantially in parallel. Placed, applying a voltage between the first electrode and one of the second electrodes, measuring the potential near the impermeable material,
A voltage is applied between the electrode and the other second electrode, characterized in that a potential in the vicinity of the impermeable material can be measured, or a device for detecting leakage of the impermeable material, or of the impermeable material. In a device for detecting water leakage, a plurality of second electrodes are arranged so as to substantially intersect, a voltage is applied between the first electrode and one of the second electrodes, and a potential near the water impermeable material is measured. A device for detecting water leakage of a water impermeable material, wherein a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the other second electrode to measure a potential near the water impermeable material; In a device for detecting water leakage,
The impermeable material is arranged on the storage structure, a plurality of sets of second electrodes are arranged on the periphery of the storage structure so as to face each other, and a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the second electrode of the set facing the second electrode. Measuring the potential in the vicinity of the impermeable material and measuring the potential of the first electrode and the second pair of the other opposing pair.
A device for detecting water leakage of a water-impervious material, characterized in that a voltage is applied between the electrode and a potential near the water-impervious material, or a device in which a conductive material is disposed on the middle and both sides. In a device for detecting water leakage of a heavy waterproof material, a first electrode disposed in a conductive material on one side of the dual waterproof material and a wire disposed in a conductive material intermediate the double waterproof material. A second electrode, a plurality of third electrodes disposed in the conductive material on the second electrode side,
A fourth electrode disposed in the conductive material on the other side of the double impermeable material; applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode; Measure the potential and
A voltage is applied between the electrode and the second electrode, a potential near the water barrier is measured by the third electrode, and a leak position of the water barrier can be obtained. In the device that detects water leakage.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

<A> Outline of Device for Detecting Water Leakage of Water Impermeable Material The device for detecting water leak of the water impermeable material is a final disposal in which a water impervious material such as a water impermeable sheet 2 is used to form a water impervious material. By applying a voltage to the inside and outside of the water impervious works at the place where the water imperviousness detection is required, for example, at the storage structure 1, by capturing a unique potential distribution or potential difference generated near the water impervious works. The purpose of this study is to measure the presence or absence of breakage and the location of breakage of the seepage control that causes water leakage. In order to apply a voltage to the inside and outside of the storage structure 1, current electrodes, that is, an internal current electrode 10 and an external current electrode 11 are arranged inside and outside the storage structure 1. In addition, the material on both sides of the water barrier must have conductivity.

When a current electrode arranged on one side of the water barrier material, for example, an internal current electrode 10 arranged inside the landfill 1 is a linear electrode, that is, a line electrode, as shown in FIG. The inclination of the background of the potential distribution in the direction in which the electrode is drawn (Y direction in FIG. 1) is eliminated (it is on the same equipotential line 14), and the potential distribution in the direction perpendicular to the line electrode (X direction in FIG. 1). Is smaller than that of the point electrode (the interval between the equipotential lines is wider). Therefore, the displacement of the water leakage position due to the inclination of the background of the potential distribution in the same direction as the line electrode is eliminated, and the displacement in the direction perpendicular to the line electrode is also reduced.

In addition, for example, in the case of a large storage structure, if the background gradient of the potential distribution is large, the potential decreases at a location away from the internal current electrode 10, and the potential difference from the outside of the storage structure becomes small. Even if water leakage occurs in the interceptor,
Potential distortion caused by water leakage is small, resulting in poor sensitivity. However, by using a line electrode as the internal current electrode 10 and pulling it over the entire length of the wide storage structure, the inclination of the background of the potential distribution disappears in the direction in which the line electrode is drawn, and the inclination also becomes perpendicular to the line electrode. Because of the small size, the water leakage position can be detected with almost the same measurement sensitivity over the entire storage structure.

<B> When a wire electrode is placed at the center of the landfill (Embodiment 1) One wire electrode is installed as the internal current electrode 10 at the center of the landfill 1 at the final disposal site, and one outside External current electrode 11
Is installed. As shown in FIG. 2, the potential measuring electrodes 12 are installed in the vicinity of the water-impervious sheet 2 in a mesh shape, and the potential of each potential measuring electrode 12 is measured by the potential measuring device 20 via the lead wire 23. Further, the internal current electrode 10 is
It is sufficient to place it in a place where a potential can be generated. For example, as shown in FIG. 3 (a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2), it is placed in a protective layer 3 in a landfill. The potential measuring electrode 12 is disposed, for example, in the protective layer 3, and is connected to the potential measuring device 2
Connected to 0. The waste 5 is buried above the protective layer 3.

To measure the water leakage of the water-blocking sheet 2, a power supply 21 and an ammeter 22 are connected between the internal current electrode 10 and the external current electrode 11, a voltage is applied to supply a current, and the potential generated in the landfill 1 is measured. The distribution is measured by the potential measuring device 20.

If there is water leakage in the water-blocking sheet 2, as shown in FIG. 4, a distortion of the potential distribution occurs around the water-leak position 6. And its position.

The voltage applied between the internal current electrode 10 and the external current electrode 11 only needs to generate a potential distribution. For example, a cross DC signal is used as shown in FIG.

In this case, when an electrode (especially a metal-coated electrode) is inserted in the ground or in an ionized liquid, a polarization potential is generated, and the potential distribution may not be accurately measured. Since the polarization potential is a direct current, the potential distribution can be measured without being affected by the polarization potential by performing the measurement by alternately reversing the polarity of the measurement signal.

For example, potential = {(“correct potential” + “polarization potential”) − (− “correct potential” + “polarization potential”)} /
2 = ("correct potential" + "correct potential" + "polarization potential"
− “Polarization potential”) / 2 = “correct potential”. Here, (“correct potential” + “polarization potential”) is the value on the positive side of the measurement signal, and (− “correct potential” + “polarization potential”)
Is the negative value of the measurement signal.

When water leakage is detected, it is possible to measure the potential difference between the potential measuring electrodes 12 simply by measuring the entire potential distribution and eliminating potential distortion. That is, in the damaged portion, the potential distribution is distorted around the water leak position 6, so that the potential changes largely around the water leak position 6, and the potential difference between the potential measurement electrodes 12 near the damaged portion becomes large. By utilizing this characteristic, it is possible to detect the presence or absence of water leakage and its position.

<C> In the case where line electrodes are installed on two sides of the landfill opposite to the landfill (Embodiment 2) As shown in FIG. 6, the internal current electrode 10 is formed on the protective layer 3 at the end of the landfill 1 in the final disposal site. Two linear electrodes are provided, and one external current electrode 11 is provided outside. The potential measurement electrode 12 is arranged in a mesh shape as in the first embodiment.

First, one of the internal current electrodes 10 is selected, and a voltage is applied between the selected internal current electrode 10 and the external current electrode 11 to measure the leakage of the water impermeable sheet 2 in the landfill 1. The measured potential distribution is measured. Next, the voltage is switched to the other internal current electrode 10, a voltage is applied between the internal current electrode 10 and the external current electrode 11, and the potential distribution is measured in the same manner. The leak position 6 is determined from these two measurements. As a method of obtaining, for example, an average of two measurements can be taken.

If there is water leakage in the water-blocking sheet 2, as shown in FIG. 7, a potential distribution distortion is generated around the water-leak position 6. The position is detected. Thereby, even when the water-blocking sheet 2 leaks near the internal current electrode 10, the measurement is performed alternately with the two internal current electrodes 10, so that the water leak can be reliably detected.

<D> In the case where line electrodes are installed in the landfill in two directions (crosses) (third embodiment) As shown in FIG. Two current electrodes (horizontal) 102 are linearly installed, and one external current electrode 11 is installed outside.
Internal current electrodes 101 and 102 installed vertically and horizontally
In such a case, the portions which intersect so as not to be in direct contact with each other are spaced apart in the vertical direction to take measures such as sandwiching the protective layer 3 or sandwiching the insulating layer between the lines at the intersection. The potential measurement electrode 12 is arranged in a mesh shape as in the first embodiment.

For the measurement of the water leakage of the impermeable sheet 2, first, one of the internal current electrodes 101 (or 102) is selected.
A voltage is applied between the selected internal current electrode 101 (or 102) and the external current electrode 11, and the potential distribution generated in the landfill 1 is measured. Next, the voltage is switched to the other internal current electrode 102 (or 101), a voltage is applied between the internal current electrode 102 and the external current electrode 11, and the potential distribution is measured in the same manner. The distortion of the potential distribution is captured from these two measurements to detect the presence or absence of water leakage.

The position of water leakage is determined by detecting a vertical water leakage position component from the potential distribution when the vertical line electrode is used, and detecting the horizontal water leakage from the potential distribution when the horizontal line electrode is used. The leak position is detected by detecting the position component.

FIG. 4 shows the potential distribution by the vertical line electrodes (in correspondence to FIG. 9, the internal current electrode 10 of FIG. 4 is referred to as the internal current electrode (vertical) 101) when there is water leakage. FIG. 9 shows a potential distribution by the internal current electrode (horizontal) 102 in the horizontal direction when there is water leakage. As described above, due to the inclination of the background of the potential distribution, the potential is slightly shifted in the direction away from the internal current electrode 10.
There is no deviation in the same direction (parallel direction) as 0. From this, for the two components of the horizontal direction and the vertical direction that determine the water leakage position, the position component in the vertical direction is detected using the internal current electrode 10 drawn in the vertical direction, and the internal current electrode drawn in the horizontal direction is detected. 1
By detecting the position component in the horizontal direction using 0, it is possible to specify the position of water leakage without being affected by the inclination of the background of the potential distribution at all.

<E> In the case where wire electrodes are installed on the four sides of the landfill (Embodiment 4) As shown in FIG. 10, two internal currents are respectively provided in the landfill 1 of the final disposal site in the vertical and horizontal directions. An electrode (vertical) 101 and an internal current electrode (horizontal) 102 are installed, and an external current electrode 11 is installed at one place outside. The internal current electrodes (vertical) 101 and the internal current electrodes (horizontal) 102 installed in the vertical and horizontal directions are
Crossing parts should be separated vertically to avoid direct contact,
Countermeasures such as sandwiching the protective layer 3 and insulating layers between the lines at the intersections are taken. The potential measurement electrode 12 is arranged in a mesh shape as in the first embodiment.

The measurement of water leakage of the impermeable sheet 2 occurred in the landfill 1 by selecting one of the internal current electrodes 10 and applying a voltage between the selected internal current electrode 10 and external current electrode 11. Measure the potential distribution. This is repeated four times using each of the internal current electrodes 10 to determine the water leakage position.
For example, two measurements using the internal current electrode (vertical) 101 and two measurements using the internal current electrode (horizontal) 102 are performed.
Take the average for each measurement. The result using the obtained internal current electrode (vertical) 101 and the internal current electrode (horizontal)
From the result of using 102, the distortion of the potential distribution was captured,
Detect the presence or absence of water leakage.

The position of the water leakage is determined by the internal current electrode (vertical) 101
The horizontal leakage position component is detected from the potential distribution when the internal current electrode (horizontal) 102 is used from the potential distribution when the internal current electrode (horizontal) 102 is used.

FIG. 7 (corresponding to FIG. 11, the internal current electrode 10 of FIG. 7 is referred to as an internal current electrode (vertical) 101) and FIG.
1 shows the potential distribution in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction when there is water leakage in the impermeable sheet 2, respectively. Distortion of the potential distribution occurs in any direction using the internal current electrode 10 in either the vertical direction or the horizontal direction, due to the inclination of the background of the potential distribution, with a slight shift in a direction away from the closer internal current electrode 10, It does not deviate in the same direction as the current electrode. For this reason, the position component in the vertical direction is detected from the measurement result using the internal current electrode (vertical) 101 for the two components in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction that determine the water leakage position, and the internal current electrode (horizontal) 102 is detected. By detecting the horizontal position component from the used measurement result, the leakage position can be specified without any background inclination of the potential distribution.

<F> In the case of a double impermeable sheet (Embodiment 5) As shown in FIG. 12, in the landfill 1 where the upper impermeable sheet 201 and the lower impermeable sheet 202 are provided.
Top and bottom impermeable sheets 201 and 202 at the end of landfill 1
Two wire electrodes are installed as the inter-sheet current electrodes 100 between them, and one external current electrode 11 is installed outside. The potential measurement electrode 12 is arranged in a mesh shape as in the first embodiment. FIG. 13 (XIV-XIV in FIG. 12)
, FIG. 14 (cross-sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIG. 12), FIG.
5 (cross-sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI in FIG. 12). In addition, it is necessary to arrange | position a conductive substance also between double waterproof sheets.

For the measurement of the water leakage of the impermeable sheet 2, one inter-sheet current electrode 100 is selected, a voltage is applied between the selected inter-sheet current electrode 100 and the external current electrode 11, and the voltage between the double impermeable sheets is measured. Measure the potential distribution of the substance. Next, a voltage is applied between the other inter-sheet current electrode 100 and the external current electrode 11, and the potential distribution is measured in the same manner. Take the average of these two measurements. If there is a leak in the lower impermeable sheet 202,
A potential distribution shape as shown in FIG. 7 is obtained.

When the changeover switch 24 is switched, the internal current electrode 10 is similarly used as an opposing electrode of the inter-sheet current electrode 100, and when a voltage is applied between the inter-sheet current electrode 100 and the internal current electrode 10, the upper sheet 2, the presence or absence of water leakage and its position can be detected.

In addition to this embodiment, the first, third, and fourth embodiments also have a double shielding by installing the inter-sheet current electrode 100 between the upper waterproofing sheet 201 and the lower waterproofing sheet 202. Applicable to water sheet structure.

Further, by the same electrode arrangement as in FIG.
Even when the potential measurement electrode 12 is installed under the water-impermeable sheet for a single water-impervious sheet structure without the lower water-impervious sheet 202, the potential measurement can be performed by using the electrodes 10, 12, 100, (11 omitted). The same effect as in the case where the electrode 12 is installed on the impermeable sheet can be expected.

[0033]

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. <A> By using the linear current electrodes, the water leakage position can be accurately obtained without being affected by the inclination of the background of the potential distribution. <B> Even if the storage facility such as the final disposal site becomes large, the use of linear current electrodes will reduce the inclination of the background of the potential distribution, so the effect of the voltage drop will be large even at locations away from the current electrodes. It is possible to detect breakage of the water barrier with almost the same measurement sensitivity over the entire storage structure.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a potential distribution diagram of a storage structure in which linear current electrodes are arranged.

FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of current electrodes and potential measurement electrodes.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a potential distribution diagram in which linear current electrodes (horizontal) are arranged.

FIG. 5 is an electric signal applied between current electrodes.

FIG. 6 is a layout diagram of two linear current electrodes.

FIG. 7 is a potential distribution diagram in which linear current electrodes (vertical) are arranged on both sides of a landfill.

FIG. 8 is a layout diagram of crossed linear current electrodes.

FIG. 9 is a potential distribution diagram in which linear current electrodes (longitudinal) are arranged at the center of a landfill.

FIG. 10 is a layout diagram of linear current electrodes provided on four sides of a landfill.

FIG. 11 is a potential distribution diagram in which linear current electrodes (horizontal) are arranged on both sides of a landfill.

FIG. 12 is a layout diagram of electrodes in the case of a double impermeable sheet.

13 is a sectional view taken along the line XIV-XIV in FIG.

14 is a sectional view taken along line XV-XV in FIG.

15 is a sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI in FIG.

FIG. 16 is a potential distribution diagram in the case of a conventional point current electrode.

FIG. 17 is a potential distribution diagram when the potential distribution has a background inclination.

FIG. 18 is a potential distribution diagram in the case where there is no background inclination in the potential distribution.

Claims (5)

[Claims] An apparatus for detecting water leakage of a water-blocking material having a conductive material disposed on both sides, comprising: a first electrode disposed in the conductive material on one side of the water-blocking material; Linear second material placed in the side conductive material
An electrode, and a plurality of third electrodes disposed in the conductive material on the side of the second electrode in the vicinity of the water-blocking material; applying a voltage between the first electrode and the second electrode; An apparatus for detecting water leakage of a water-impervious material, by measuring a potential in the vicinity of the water-impervious material and obtaining a leak position of the water-impervious material. 2. A device for detecting water leakage of a water barrier material according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of second electrodes are arranged substantially in parallel, and a voltage is applied between the first electrode and one of the second electrodes. And applying a voltage between the first electrode and the other second electrode to measure a potential near the water-impervious material. A device that detects water leakage. 3. An apparatus for detecting water leakage of a water-impervious material according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of second electrodes are disposed so as to substantially intersect with each other, and between the first electrode and one of the second electrodes. It is characterized in that a voltage is applied, a potential near the water-impermeable material is measured, a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the other second electrode, and a potential near the water-impermeable material is measured. A device that detects water leakage from the impermeable material. 4. The apparatus for detecting water leakage of a water-impervious material according to claim 1, wherein the water-impervious material is disposed in a storage structure, and a plurality of sets are provided so that a second electrode faces a peripheral portion of the storage structure. A voltage is applied between the first electrode and the opposing set of second electrodes, and a potential near the water impermeable material is measured, and a voltage is applied between the first electrode and the other opposing set of second electrodes. A device for detecting water leakage of a water impermeable material, wherein a voltage is applied to the water impermeable material to measure a potential near the water impermeable material. 5. An apparatus for detecting water leakage of a double impermeable material in which a conductive material is disposed in the middle and on both sides, comprising: a first electrode disposed in the conductive material on one side of the double impermeable material; A linear second member disposed in the conductive material in the middle of the double impermeable material
An electrode, a plurality of third electrodes disposed in the conductive material on the second electrode side, and a fourth electrode disposed in the conductive material on the other side of the double impermeable material; A voltage is applied between the second electrode and the third electrode to measure a potential in the vicinity of the impermeable material, a voltage is applied between the fourth electrode and the second electrode, and the impermeable material is applied by the third electrode. A device for detecting water leakage of a double impermeable material, by measuring a potential in the vicinity of the water impervious material and obtaining a leakage position of the impermeable material.