JPH10197011A - Air conditioner and air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioning system in which it is unnecessary to perform defrosting with an air conditioner, and an operation temperature head of a heat source refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner can be lowered for great energy saving. SOLUTION: Whole heat exchange is performed between airs on a first air passage A and on a second air passage B. Further, the air on the first air passage after the whole heat exchange is heated with a high heat source of a heat pump 200 is passed through a desiccant 103 for defrosting and regeneration of the desiccant and is released into a second space, and the air on the second air passage after the whole heat exchange is brought into contact with the desiccant for defrosting, and is then cooled with a low heat source of the heat pump and is released into a first space.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioning system, and more particularly to an air conditioner (air conditioner) that circulates and processes indoor air and an air conditioner (external air conditioner) that processes outside air and guides the air into the room. Related to air conditioning systems.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 shows an example of a conventional air conditioning system, which includes an air conditioner 3 which circulates and processes indoor air and an air conditioner which processes outside air and guides the air into the room (external air conditioner). ) 11
This is an air conditioning system that uses both. The external conditioner is a total heat exchanger (enthalpy heat exchanger), and simultaneously exchanges the humidity and sensible heat between the outside air and the indoor air. On the other hand, the air-conditioning load generated inside the air-conditioned space is taken out by an indoor air conditioner (air conditioner using a heat pump) and discarded outside the room.

[0003]

The operation of the total heat exchanger as described above will be described with reference to a psychrometric chart shown in FIG. 6, in which the outside air (state K) and the indoor air (state Q) are enthalpy during cooling. After the replacement, the processing outside air becomes the state L and the indoor exhaust becomes the state T, so that the air is supplied to the room and the air is exhausted to the outside. At this time, the enthalpy exchange efficiency of the current product is practically low at 60 to 70% with the current product, so an enthalpy difference ΔH occurs between the supply air (state L) and the room (state Q), and as a result, the air Air having a difference in absolute humidity (moisture difference ΔX) is supplied into the room, and 30 to 40% of the moisture difference between the untreated outside air and the room enters the room. Since this moisture must be dehumidified by an air conditioner, it is necessary to cool the room air to a dew point temperature (15 to 16 ° C.) of about 5 to 10 ° C. to dehumidify the air.

Among the air conditioning loads, the latent heat load required for dehumidification accounts for 10 to 15% of the total air conditioning load when a total heat exchanger is used, and the remaining 85 to 90% is a sensible heat load. This sensible heat air conditioning load does not need to be cooled to the dew point,
It is enough air-conditioning load if cooled to the extent. However, in the conventional air conditioning system, the sensible heat and the latent heat are collectively processed by mixing the introduced outside air with the room air, so that all the heat is cooled at a temperature level below the dew point temperature of about 10 ° C. It is necessary to set the difference (temperature head) between the evaporation temperature and the condensation temperature of the air conditioner the same as when the total heat exchanger is not used, and the air conditioning load can be reduced, but the temperature head for pumping up the heat cannot be reduced.

As described above, in the prior art, since the high temperature head is pumped up and discarded outside, the driving energy of the heat pump for the sensible heat load processing is wasted and the energy consumption rate is large. Further, in an air conditioner, it is necessary to provide a drain in order to treat dew condensation for dehumidification, which has led to complication of the equipment.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 has a first air path from a first space to a second space. And a second air path extending from the second space to the first space, and alternately flowing through the first air path and the second air path, undergoing regeneration in the first air path, A desiccant that dehumidifies the flowing air in the air path, a high heat source that heats the air in the first air path, and a heat pump that provides a low heat source that cools the air in the second air path, A total heat exchange is performed between the air in the first air path and the air in the second air path, and the air in the first air path after the total heat exchange is heated by the high heat source of the heat pump and then passes through the desiccant. Let the desiccant dehumidify and regenerate The air in the second air path after the total heat exchange is brought into contact with the desiccant to dehumidify the air, then cooled by a low heat source of the heat pump and discharged to the first space. It is an air conditioner.

In such a configuration, during cooling, the first space is used as an air-conditioned space, the indoor air is used as a first air path, the second space is used as an outdoor space, and outside air is used as a second air path. In this case, the air (processed outside air) supplied into the room from the second air path can be made to have an absolute humidity lower than that of the room air, so that moisture does not have to be brought into the room. Therefore, there is no need to dehumidify with an air conditioner,
The operating temperature head of the heat source refrigeration cycle of the air conditioner (air conditioner) can be reduced, and significant energy savings can be achieved. In addition, since it is not necessary to dehumidify in an air conditioner, a drain for dew condensation is not required.

The invention according to claim 2 is the air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a vapor compression heat pump is used as the heat pump.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, an absorption heat pump is used as the heat pump.
The air conditioner according to the above.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when the air conditioner according to any one of the first to third aspects is used during cooling,
Is used as an air-conditioning room, and the second space is used as an external space.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, when the air conditioner according to any one of the first to third aspects is used during heating,
An air-conditioning system is characterized in that the first space is used as an external space and the second space is used as an air-conditioning room.

The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claims 1 to 3
An air conditioning system characterized in that the air conditioner described in any one of (1) to (3) is an external air conditioner and an air conditioner for sensible heat treatment is additionally provided. In such a configuration, the outside air is introduced by the external air conditioner at the time of cooling, and the absolute humidity can be made lower than the indoor air that discharges the air supplied to the room from the second air path. No need to bring in. Therefore, there is no need to dehumidify the air conditioner as an air conditioning system, and the operating temperature head of the air conditioner can be reduced,
Significant energy savings are achieved. In addition, since it is not necessary to dehumidify in an air conditioner, a drain for dew condensation is not required.

The invention according to claim 7 is the air conditioning system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heat pump has a function of cooling a sensible heat load in the air conditioning space. In such a configuration, during cooling, the sensible heat load of the air-conditioned space is recovered by heat recovery and desiccant dehumidification regeneration is performed to increase the desiccant's dehumidifying effect and perform latent heat treatment, so that a high cooling effect with energy saving and high cooling effect can be obtained. .

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of an air conditioning system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 shows a basic configuration of an air conditioning system according to the present invention. An air conditioner 3 circulates and processes air in a room 2 to be air conditioned, and an air conditioner (outside air conditioner) that processes outside air and guides the air into the room. This is an air-conditioning system that uses the air conditioning system 1 and the air conditioning system 1 together. The air conditioner 3 may be an ordinary air conditioner that switches between a refrigerator and a heat pump, but any other air conditioner may be used.

FIG. 2 is a first embodiment showing the configuration of the air conditioner 1 of the present invention. The air conditioner 1 is a desiccant external air conditioner that uses the desiccant rotor 103, the total heat exchanger 153, and the heat pump 200, which repeats adsorption and release (regeneration) of moisture. That is, in the desiccant air conditioner 1, an exhaust discharge path A (first air path) for discharging indoor air to the outside and an external air introduction path B (second air path) for introducing outside air into the room intersect. It is provided. A total heat exchanger 153 and a desiccant rotor 103 are provided between the exhaust discharge path A and the outside air introduction path B over both paths, and a heat pump 200 serving as a heat source of the desiccant air conditioner 1 is provided. Have been. As the heat pump 200, an arbitrary one may be adopted, but here, a vapor compression heat pump proposed by the applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-22133 is used.

A discharge path A (first air path) for discharging indoor air to the outside of the room is formed by a passage 124 between an exhaust outlet (shown as a symbol RA) of the indoor space (first space) and a suction port of the blower 140. And the outlet of the blower 140 is connected to the total heat exchanger 153 via the path 125, and the discharge path
The outlet of the total heat exchanger 153 of A is connected to the heater (high heat source) 220 of the heat pump 200 via the path 126, and the outlet of the heater (high heat source) 220 of the discharge path A is connected to the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 127. Connected to the regeneration air side of
The outlet of the desiccant rotor 103 on the regenerating air side of the discharge path A is connected to an exhaust port (shown as EX) to an external space (second space) via a path 128.
Thus, a cycle is formed in which room air is taken in and exhausted to the outside.

On the other hand, the outside air introduction path B is connected to the outside space (second
Is connected to the suction port of the blower 102 for introducing outside air via the path 107, and the discharge port of the blower 102 is connected to the total heat exchanger 153 via the path 108, so that the total heat exchange of the introduction path B is performed. The outlet of the vessel 153 is connected to the dehumidifying air (processing air) side of the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 109, and the outlet of the desiccant rotor 103 on the outside air introduction path B on the dehumidifying air (processing air) side is connected to the heat pump via the path 110. 2
Connected to the cooler (low heat source) 210 of the outside air and the outside air introduction path
The outlet of the B heat pump 200 on the side of the cooler (low heat source) 210 is connected to a supply port (shown as a symbol SA) to a room space (first space) via a path 111.
This forms a cycle in which outside air is taken in, processed, and introduced into the room.

The heat medium (hot water or refrigerant) inlet of the heater 220 is connected to the heat medium path outlet of the heat pump 200 via a path 221, and the hot water outlet of the heater 220 is connected to the heat medium of the heat pump 200 via a path 222. Connect to the route entrance. The heat medium path inlet of the cooler 210 is connected to the heat medium path outlet of the heat pump 200 via a path 211, and the cold water outlet of the cooler 210 is connected to the heat medium path inlet of the heat pump 200 via a path 212. .
In the figure, circled alphabets K to V are symbols indicating the state of air corresponding to FIG. 3, where SA is supply air (processed outside air), RA is return air (exhausted indoor air). ), OA
Represents outside air, and EX represents exhaust.

Next, the operation of the desiccant air conditioner using the heat pump 200 configured as described above as a heat source at the time of cooling is a psychrometric chart showing the operation state of the air conditioning part of the embodiment of FIG. This will be described with reference to FIG.

The air discharged from the room in the discharge path A (RA: state Q) is sucked into the blower 140 via the path 124 and is boosted to reach the total heat exchanger 153, where the outside air (state
Total heat exchange with K), the state changes along the straight line connecting state K and state Q according to the known state change process of the total heat exchanger, enthalpy rises, temperature and absolute humidity increase (State R). The discharged air exiting the total heat exchanger 153 is sent to the heater (high heat source) 220 of the heat pump 200 and
Heated to 5-60 ° C, relative humidity decreases (state
S). The discharged air having the reduced relative humidity flows into the regenerating air side of the desiccant rotor 103 to remove the moisture of the desiccant rotor (dehumidification regeneration: state T). Desiccant rotor 1
The discharged air that has passed through 03 passes through a path 128 and is discarded outside as exhaust gas.

The outside air (introduced air: state K) introduced into the outside air introduction path B is sucked into the blower 102 via the path 107, and is boosted to reach the total heat exchanger 153 via the path 108, where the discharged air ( Total heat exchange with the state Q), the state changes along the straight line connecting the state K and the state Q according to the known state change process of the total heat exchanger, the enthalpy decreases, the temperature and the absolute humidity decrease. (State L). The enthalpy-reduced, dehumidified and cooled air (state L) flows into the desiccant rotor 103 via the path 109, where water is adsorbed during the isenthalpy process and the absolute humidity decreases (state M). The introduced air with reduced humidity is sent to the cooler (low heat source) 210 of the heat pump 200 and cooled to 15 to 20 ° C. (state N). The cooled introduced air is supplied to the indoor space via the path 111.

The thus obtained introduction air (supply air:
In the state N), the enthalpy and the absolute humidity can be lower than those in the indoor space. That is, an enthalpy difference Δh and an absolute humidity difference Δx can be generated between the introduced air (air supply: state N) and the indoor space (state Q), thereby preventing moisture from being brought into the indoor space. At the same time, a cooling effect can be exerted by the enthalpy difference Δh.

The operation of the heat pump 200 of the desiccant air conditioner constructed as described above will be described. In the cooler 210, the heat pump 200 acts to cool the introduced air, remove the sensible heat of the introduced air, and reduce the enthalpy. The heater 220 has a function of heating the released air to lower the relative humidity and dehumidifying and regenerating the desiccant 103. By this dehumidifying and regenerating action, the desiccant recovers its moisture absorbing ability, dehumidifies the discharged air in the state Q taken out of the room to the state M, and, together with the sensible heat removing action, changes the state of the air supply (state N ) Can be changed to lower temperature and lower humidity than in the room (state Q).
As described above, the heat pump 200 cools and removes the introduced air, raises the heat, and uses the heat again to regenerate the desiccant. Therefore, a significant energy saving effect is obtained as compared with the case where separate cooling heat sources and heating sources are used. Can be

In the air conditioner 1 of the present invention, the heat pump having a refrigeration effect of calorific value obtained by multiplying the enthalpy difference between the state M and the state N by the air flow rate can remove all the external air load to the room. When outside air is introduced without using the external air conditioner 1 of the present invention, a refrigerator having a refrigeration effect of calorific value obtained by multiplying the enthalpy difference between the state K and the state N by the air flow rate is required.
A significant energy saving effect can be obtained as compared with that case.

Now, when the state N (air supply) is designed to be equal to the state Q (room) and the efficiency of the total heat exchanger is 70%, the line segment LM is parallel to the isenthalpy line. Therefore point M
Can be replaced by the enthalpy of the point L, the enthalpy differences M to N can be replaced by enthalpy differences L to Q, and the enthalpy differences K to N can be replaced by enthalpy differences K to Q. Therefore, enthalpy difference (K to N): enthalpy difference (M to N) = enthalpy difference (K to Q): enthalpy difference (L to Q) = 10: 3. That is, the refrigeration capacity of the heat pump is 3/3 of the refrigeration capacity that covers the outside air load when the external air conditioner 1 is not used.
10, which is 70% energy saving.

On the other hand, also in the air conditioner 3, an energy saving effect can be obtained. That is, the desiccant external air conditioner 1 allows the air SA to be supplied to the room to have an absolute humidity lower than that of the return air RA, so that moisture does not have to be brought into the room. Therefore, it is not necessary to dehumidify in the air conditioner 3, and it is sufficient only to perform the sensible heat treatment of the air. Therefore, the air conditioner 3
The air may be cooled to about 20 ° C., and the evaporation temperature can be raised by about 10 ° C. This reduces the size of the temperature head (eg, 40 ° C. to 30 ° C.). Since the energy saving rate is ΔT1 / ΔT2 = 30/40 = 0.75, the energy saving rate is about 25%.

Therefore, the energy saving rate of the whole system is 0.3 × 0.3 + 0.7 × 0.75 = 0, considering that the ratio of the outside air load to the average air conditioning load is about 30%. .615, energy saving of about 38%.

Further, since it is not necessary to dehumidify the air conditioner 3, and no drain is required, it is possible to reduce equipment costs and operation time. In this embodiment,
Although a vapor compression heat pump is used as the heat pump 200, any heat source unit having a heat pump function may be used according to the above-described contents.
The same effect can be obtained by adopting an absorption heat pump as proposed in 3053. Further, in the present embodiment, an example in which cold and hot water is used as the heat transfer medium has been described. However, instead of the cold and hot water, direct evaporation and condensation of the refrigerant may be used.

Further, in order to prevent noise and vibration of the compressor of the vapor compression heat pump from being transmitted to the room, for example, as proposed by the inventor in Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 8-195732, an assembly accommodating a desiccant and a heat exchanger of the heat pump. The assembly and the assembly that houses the heat pump compressor may be separated.

In this embodiment, the operation of the cooling operation has been described. However, in the heating operation, the state of the room and the state of the outside air are switched in FIG. 3, and the outside air has a low temperature and a low humidity, and the room has a high temperature and a high humidity. Accordingly, in the case of heating, the first air path is set to outside air (introduced air), and the second air path is set to exhaust air (released air) from the room. Is exhausted to the outside of the room, the moisture of the outside air can be collected and humidified in the room, and the heating load of the air conditioner (air conditioner) 3 can be reduced. The operation in this case is the same as that in the case of cooling, and thus the description is omitted.

FIG. 4 is a second embodiment showing the configuration of the air conditioning system of the present invention. The heat pump 200 connected to the air conditioner (external air conditioner) 1 is connected to an air conditioner (sensible heat treatment machine) 4 in the air-conditioned space via paths 41 and 42. In the present system, the heat pump 200 of the air conditioner 1 also serves as a heat source of the air conditioner 4, and therefore, the sensible heat recovered in the air-conditioned space can be heated to be used for heating the heat pump 200. Therefore, the amount of heat used for desiccant dehumidification regeneration increases, the desiccant dehumidifying action increases, the humidity of air supply to the room decreases, and the processing capacity of the sensible heat load and, consequently, the cooling load increases. Power consumption is suppressed and an energy saving effect is obtained. Further, the capacity of the heat pump 200 can be relatively reduced.

[0032]

As described above, according to the present invention,
During cooling, released air (exhaust air) and introduced air (outside air)
And the total heat exchange, and further discharge air after the total heat exchange is heated by the high heat source of the heat pump, then passed through the desiccant to perform dehumidification regeneration of the desiccant and release to the outside, and further after the total heat exchange A hybrid air conditioner (outside air conditioner) that has a heat pump configured to contact the desiccant with the desiccant to dehumidify it, then cool it with a low heat source of the heat pump and discharge it to the air-conditioned space, and a desiccant and a total heat exchanger. In addition to providing air-conditioning systems that greatly reduce external energy processing and running costs, the use of such air conditioners eliminates the need for drains such as air conditioners to be used in combination, thereby reducing costs. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of a first embodiment of an air conditioning system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of the air conditioner of the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a desiccant air-conditioning cycle of air of the air conditioner of FIG. 2 in a psychrometric chart.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of a second embodiment of the air conditioning system according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a basic configuration of a conventional air conditioning system.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a desiccant air-conditioning cycle of air in a conventional desiccant air-conditioning in a psychrometric chart.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 desiccant outside air conditioner 2 indoor space 3 air conditioner (air conditioner) 200 heat pump 102, 140 blower 103 desiccant rotor 153 total heat exchanger 210 cooler (low heat source) 220 heater (high heat source) A discharge route B introduction route SA supply Air RA Return air EX Exhaust OA Outside air Δx Moisture difference Δh Enthalpy difference

Claims (7)

[Claims] A first space extending from the first space to the second space;
Air path and a second space from the second space to the first space
And a desiccant that alternately circulates through the first air path and the second air path, receives regeneration in the first air path, and dehumidifies the flowing air in the second air path; A high heat source for heating air in a first air path;
A heat pump for providing a low heat source for cooling air in the second air path; performing a total heat exchange between the air in the first air path and the air in the second air path; After the air in the first air path is heated by the high heat source of the heat pump, the air passes through the desiccant to perform dehumidification regeneration of the desiccant and discharges it to the second space, and the second air after the total heat exchange An air conditioner, wherein air in a path is brought into contact with a desiccant to dehumidify, and then cooled by a low heat source of a heat pump and discharged into a first space. 2. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a vapor compression heat pump is used as the heat pump. 3. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein an absorption heat pump is used as the heat pump. 4. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the first space is an air conditioning room, and
An air-conditioning system characterized by using a space as an external space. 5. An air conditioning system, wherein the air conditioner according to claim 1 is used as an external space and the second space is used as an air conditioning room during heating. 6. An air conditioning system comprising the air conditioner according to claim 1 as an external controller and an air conditioner for sensible heat treatment. 7. The heat pump according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump has a function of cooling a sensible heat load in the air-conditioned space.
The air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3.