JPH10178899A - Plant cultivation device, cultivation method using the same and recording medium recording the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive and easily operatable plant cultivation device installable without choosing a place, a cultivation method using it and a recording medium recording it with respect to the plant cultivation device for cultivating the respective kinds of garden plants. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a light source part constituted of plural LED elements for radiating the light of the respective wavelength bands of 400-500nm, 500-600nm, 600-700nm and 700-800nm, a light control means, a heater, a cooler, a temperature detection part, a temperature control part, a humidifier, a humidity detection part, a humidity control means, a carbon dioxide generator, a carbon dioxide control means, an input means, a device control means, a storage means and an air circulation fan. By selecting the raising conditions of a target plant in the input means, the raising conditions optimum for the plant are read from the storage means and a raising environment optimum for the plant is formed by the respective control means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant cultivation apparatus capable of controlling light, temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide required for growing plants.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when horticultural plants are cultivated in places where environmental conditions other than their own are inappropriate, a large greenhouse or the like is placed outdoors or indoors in order to prepare an environment suitable for the growing conditions of the plants. It was set up and plants were cultivated in it.

In some cases, a relatively small and simple plant cultivation apparatus as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-349824 is used. Fluorescent lamps or incandescent bulbs have been used.

[0004]

However, in the conventional technique, the environment for growing plants is prepared in the entire greenhouse.
There was a problem that it was not possible to view the plants while growing them in a favorite place with the plants removed from the greenhouse. There is also a problem that it is difficult to change the growth conditions for each plant of one plant in order to make the environmental conditions uniform over the entire large-sized facility.

[0005] Further, since the wavelength range and the irradiation amount of light necessary for growing are different for each type of plant, in order to perform optimum irradiation, the ratio of the photon flux density at each wavelength on the surface of the plant to be grown is determined. It must be able to start and stop irradiation for each wavelength and control the irradiation time for each wavelength. The photon flux density is one of the radiation units of light generally used to describe the physiological response of plants to light. This is considered as light (particles), and per unit time per unit area. Expressed as a photon number that reaches.

[0006] With the fluorescent lamps and incandescent bulbs generally used at present, it is impossible to control the ratio of the photon flux density for each light wavelength, the irradiation start for each wavelength, and the irradiation time for each wavelength. It is impossible to provide light. In addition, flowers,
As a result, there is a problem that the life sustaining activity of the plant is hindered, and the ornamental value of the plant may be significantly reduced. For example, in the case of incandescent bulbs, about 80% of the amount of light emitted is infrared light, and excessive irradiation may cause suppression of plant growth and flowering, as well as damage such as leaf burning, and the appreciation value of the plant. May be significantly reduced.

Further, when plants that prefer a warmer climate are grown indoors without using facilities such as greenhouses, it is said that growth is hindered by a decrease in temperature due to the suspension of air-conditioning equipment at night in winter (cold season). There was a problem.

On the other hand, in a plant cultivation method, when an ornamental plant or the like is grown by a method of irradiating light containing excessive infrared light such as an incandescent bulb, a plant with a large leaf-to-leaf interval is too long. And the appreciation value of the plant may be significantly reduced.

[0009] In addition, when flowers are appreciated by long-day plants, if the light period (lighting time of the light source) is simply lengthened for forcing cultivation, the flower buds are differentiated at an early stage of the plant, and the plant is enriched. There was a case where it bloomed without being able to.

The present invention solves the above problems, and provides an inexpensive and easy-to-use small-sized plant cultivation apparatus which can be installed anywhere, a cultivation method using the same, and a recording medium recording the same. It is intended to be.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention has found that light irradiation necessary for growing a plant is performed by a light emitting diode (hereinafter, referred to as LED). Was. In the plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention, the light source is blue (400 to 500 nm), green (500 to 600 nm), and red (600 to 700 nm).
m), LED of each wavelength of far-red (700-800 nm)
And a device capable of changing the irradiation amount of each LED light, irradiation start time, irradiation time, and the ratio of the photon flux density of each wavelength according to the type of plant to be cultivated. In addition, storage means for storing growth data of various kinds of cultivable plants is provided, a type of plant to be grown is selected, the growth data is read out from the storage means, and irradiation start timing for each wavelength of light is determined based on the data. Irradiation dose, irradiation time, temperature, humidity,
This is a plant cultivation device that can control all the carbon dioxide supply time.

In the cultivation method using the present plant cultivation apparatus, when a young plant is grown on a long-day plant for appreciating flowers, the plant is irradiated with blue and red light at an early stage of the growth and then distant. It is grown in a cycle of irradiating red light and then extinguishing all light, and comprises a process of irradiating light that does not include far-red light by irradiating only blue and red while the plant is enriched.
With this configuration, it is possible to provide a cultivation method that prevents flower bud formation when the strain is young.

[0013] The method of cultivating the foliage plant includes a step of irradiating the growth with blue and red only and irradiating light not containing far-red light. With this configuration, it is possible to provide a cultivation method that prevents plant growth due to far-red light.

When growing various plants is performed by the present plant cultivation apparatus, the plant growth data is recorded on a recording medium readable by the present plant cultivation apparatus. This makes it possible to easily input device control conditions for creating an optimal growing environment for various types of plants in the plant cultivation device, and to easily change the type of plant when it changes.

[0015]

The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a cultivation container for accommodating a plant, and a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements provided in the container.
A plant cultivation apparatus characterized in that the light irradiation time of the light source is changed according to the type and cultivation time of the plant to be cultivated. It has an effect of providing light suitable for breeding.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cultivation container for accommodating a plant, a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements provided in the container, irradiation start timing and irradiation amount for each wavelength of the light source. And a light source control means for controlling the irradiation time and the ratio of the photon flux density. The plant cultivation apparatus is characterized in that the light irradiation pattern of the LED element and the ratio of the photon flux density are controlled by the light source control means. Has an effect of providing optimal light necessary for growing a plant to be cultivated at optimal timing.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements is 400 to 500 nm.
(X): 600 to 700 nm (Y): 700 to 800 n
The ratio of the photon flux density in each wavelength region of m (Z) is 0 to 50.
%: 40 to 100%: 0 to 10%, and X + Y +
3. The method of claim 1, wherein Z = 100%.
The optimal wavelength and the optimal photon flux density ratio without giving any obstacles such as lengthening or leaf burning due to excessive far-red light etc. on the photosynthesis and morphogenesis of the plant. Irradiation with the light having the effect of maintaining the ornamental value of the plant.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the light source is 400
-500 nm (X) and 600-700 nm (Y) and 70
A light emitting diode element having a wavelength range of 0 to 800 nm (Z) and 500 to 600 nm (G), and (X + Y
+ Z): The ratio of the photon flux density of G is 30 to 80%: 20
The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plant cultivation apparatus is configured to satisfy X + Y + Z + G = 100%. By arranging the photon flux density for each wavelength of light so as to bring out a natural color of the light, it is possible to supply an optimal light for viewing while growing a cultivated plant.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cultivation container for accommodating a plant, a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements provided in the container, irradiation start timing and irradiation amount for each wavelength of the light source. Light source control means for controlling the ratio of irradiation time and photon flux density; data reading means for outputting data to the light source control means; and storage means for storing plant cultivation data read by the data reading means. This is a plant cultivation device, and has an operation of performing optimal light irradiation for a plant to be cultivated based on growth data stored in advance.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a container for accommodating a plant, a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements provided in the container, an irradiation start time, an irradiation amount, and an irradiation time for each wavelength of the light source. Light source control means for controlling the ratio of photon flux density to light, a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature in the container, and a temperature control means for controlling the temperature in the container based on the temperature detected by the temperature detection unit A humidity detection unit that detects humidity in the container, a humidity control unit that controls the humidity in the container based on the humidity detected by the humidity detection unit, and a concentration of carbon dioxide in the container. A carbon dioxide detector, a carbon dioxide controller that controls the carbon dioxide concentration in the container based on the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide detector, the light source controller, the temperature controller, A data reading unit that outputs data to the degree control unit and the carbon dioxide gas control unit, and a storage unit that stores data read by the data reading unit. Based on the pre-stored growth data, the action of irradiating the light of the optimal wavelength for the plant to be cultivated at the optimal time, and optimal for the plant to be cultivated based on the pre-stored growth data To maintain the optimal environmental humidity for the plant to be cultivated based on the growth data stored in advance,
Based on the previously stored breeding data, it has a function of supplying sufficient carbon dioxide gas necessary for photosynthesis of the plant to be cultivated. Has the effect of maintaining an optimal cultivation environment.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the plant cultivation apparatus according to the sixth aspect, wherein the carbon dioxide gas control means operates only during the lighting period of the light source, and the cultivation is performed based on the growth data stored in advance. And has a function of sufficiently supplying carbon dioxide gas essential for photosynthesis of plants.

The invention according to claim 8 is a method according to claim 8, wherein the wavelength range is 400 from the start of the growth of the long day plant to a predetermined time of the flower bud formation stage.
-500 nm and 600-700 nm light emitting diode elements are turned on, and then the wavelength range 700-800 n for a predetermined time.
After repeating the lighting cycle of the light source that turns on and off the light emitting diode element of m, then the wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm
And a method for cultivating a plant characterized by periodically lighting a light source of a light emitting diode element having a wavelength of 600 to 700 nm.
Irradiation with 800 nm light suppresses flower bud formation and enriches the plant.
Stopping the light irradiation of 0 to 800 nm has the effect of promoting the formation of flower buds.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for cultivating a plant, wherein a light source of a light emitting diode element having a wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm and 600 to 700 nm is periodically turned on for growing a plant. 600-7
Due to the effect of making the light of 00 nm dwarf, it has an effect of suppressing remarkable growth of house plants and maintaining an ornamental value.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a recording medium recording a program for a plant cultivation method, wherein the procedure described in the program comprises the following.

The input growth information corresponding to the type of plant to be cultivated is read from the growth storage means, and the type of light source is selected according to the growth of the plant, and the irradiation amount and irradiation time of the selected light source are controlled. By programming and recording the growth data of the plant to be cultivated in advance on a recording medium that can be read by the plant cultivation apparatus, it is possible to provide the plant cultivation apparatus with a function of creating an optimal cultivation environment for various types of plants. Has the effect of being able to.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a plant cultivation apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a cultivation container for cultivating a plant, which is a space partitioned from the outside. The inside of the cultivation container 1 must be large enough to accommodate the plant to be cultivated.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a plant to be cultivated. Reference numeral 10 denotes a light source unit including various red, green, blue, and far-red LEDs. The LED used here is a monochromatic light emitting type having a round shape of 5φ.
00 to 500 nm or 500 to 600 nm or 600 to
There is no particular limitation as long as it is included in at least one of the wavelength ranges of 700 nm or 700 to 800 nm. For example, a two-color emission type, a square type, a chip type, or a mixture of these types can be used. Although it can be used, in order to secure a wide control width of the ratio of the photon flux density, it is preferable that the luminance is as high as 1000 mcd or more.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a central control unit including a device control unit for controlling the device, a storage unit, a light control unit, a temperature control unit, a humidity control unit, and a carbon dioxide gas control unit.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a cooler for cooling the inside of the cultivation container 1. Reference numeral 31 denotes a heater for heating the inside of the cultivation container 1. The cooler 30 and the heater 31 described above must be capable of sufficiently controlling the environmental temperature in the cultivation container 1. That is, it must have a heating and cooling capability that can be controlled at a set temperature of 10 to 30 ° C. irrespective of the environmental temperature in which the apparatus is installed.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a temperature detector for detecting the temperature inside the cultivation container 1. This temperature detection unit 32 is -10
Although it is preferable that the temperature can be detected in a temperature range of about 50 ° C., there is no particular limitation on the detection method.

Reference numeral 33 denotes a humidity detecting section for detecting the humidity inside the cultivation container 1. This humidity detecting unit 33 is 10 to 9
It is preferable that the humidity can be detected in the range of 9%, but there is no particular limitation on the detection method.

Reference numeral 34 denotes a carbon dioxide generator for supplying carbon dioxide to the inside of the cultivation container 1. This carbon dioxide generator 3
Reference numeral 4 is the simplest and the most stable because the gas supply amount is stable, which can be mounted with a small carbon dioxide gas cylinder and can adjust the pressure, flow rate and the like by a pressure reducing valve and a needle valve or a constant flow valve.

Reference numeral 37 denotes a humidifier for supplying humidity to the cultivation container 1. This humidifier can reach up to 95
% Or more, and more preferably an ultrasonic type that has little effect on the temperature in the space.

Reference numeral 38 denotes an air circulation fan for circulating the air inside the cultivation container 1. This air circulation fan 38
Sends air to the cultivation container 1 to assist absorption of carbon dioxide gas and transpiration in the leaves of the plant 2, and at the same time, supplies air in the cultivation container 1 to the temperature detection unit 32 and the humidity detection unit 33 to supply air therein. It has the effect of promptly detecting the temperature and humidity conditions, and supplying the air adjusted to the appropriate conditions by the heater 31, the cooler 30, the humidifier 37, and the carbon dioxide generator 34 to the plant 2 promptly. Therefore, the wind speed is 0.1 to 2 m / sec.
Is more preferable.

Reference numeral 40 denotes an input means capable of performing an input operation.
It is preferable that this input means is provided with a display unit so that the input contents can be confirmed.

Reference numeral 55 denotes a partition of the cultivation container 1 from the external environment.
It is a light-transmitting plate for allowing plants to be viewed from the outside. For viewing, it is preferably as transparent and colorless as possible, and such materials can be used.

Further, the plant cultivation apparatus is not limited to the form shown here. For example, if the light transmitting plate 50 is a door which can be opened and closed, work from the front of the apparatus can be performed, and the dark period (light irradiation) can be used. By arranging a light-blocking material that can be opened and closed on the outer periphery of the light-transmitting plate in order to prevent the invasion of light from the outside during a period of no time, more strict control of the light environment becomes possible. Further, the cooler 30, the heater 31, the humidifier 37, the air circulation fan 3
The arrangement of 8 is not limited to that shown here. For example, it can be installed at any position such as the upper part of the cultivation container 1 which does not hinder air circulation or light irradiation of the LED.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a plant cultivation apparatus circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention. The key information input via the input unit 40 is determined by the device control unit 21 in the central control unit 20 as to which plant the light belongs to, and the light irradiation control type and light irradiation control amount which are the growth information of the corresponding plant. , Light irradiation control time, control temperature, and control humidity are read from the storage means 22.

The type of light irradiation control referred to here is control information on which type of LED is to be turned on and when. The light irradiation control amount is control information on which type of LED light is turned on so as to have a light quantum flux density. The light irradiation control time is control information on which type of LED is lit and for how long. The control temperature is information on how many times the temperature inside the cultivation container 1 is maintained. The control humidity is information on control of what percentage to what percentage of the humidity inside the cultivation container 1 is maintained.

The storage means 22 has means capable of reading the data of the recording medium 50. Therefore, the plant cultivation data recorded on the recording medium 50 as a program is sent to the device control means 21 via the storage means 22. The device control means 21 transmits the information of the light irradiation control type, the light irradiation control amount, and the light irradiation control time to the light control means 23 and the light irradiation control type and the light irradiation control time information of the carbon dioxide gas control means. At 26, the control temperature information is sent to the temperature control means 24 and the control humidity information is sent to the humidity control means 25, and the ON of the air circulation fan 38 is determined to circulate the air in the apparatus including the cultivation container 1. At this time, the air circulation fan 38 is always ON when the apparatus is in operation, and only when the stop of the apparatus is input by the input means 40, the apparatus control means 21 determines the OFF of the air circulation fan 38 and the air in the apparatus is Stop circulation.

The light control is based on the light irradiation control type, the light irradiation control amount, and the light irradiation control time read from the storage means 22 and sent from the apparatus control means 21. It is determined how long and how much photon flux density is to be applied, and the blue LED 5 (emission wavelength 400 to 500 nm), the green LED 6 (emission wavelength 500 to 600 nm), and the red LE in the light source unit 10 are determined.
D7 (emission wavelength 600-700nm), far red LED8
(Emission wavelength 700 to 800 nm)
ON / OFF control of ED.

In the carbon dioxide control, the carbon dioxide control means 26 controls the carbon dioxide generator 34 on / off based on the light irradiation control type and the light irradiation control time read from the storage means 22 and sent from the apparatus control means 21. . Carbon dioxide control means 2
6 indicates that when at least one LED other than the far-red LED 8 is lit,
N is determined and the concentration of carbon dioxide is increased. Far red LED
The turning off of the carbon dioxide generator 34 is determined during the lighting period of 8 or when all the LEDs are turned off, thereby preventing an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide.

In the temperature control, the temperature control unit 24 compares the control temperature read from the storage unit 22 and sent from the device control unit 21 with the temperature sent from the temperature detection unit 32, and the cooling unit 30 Which one of the devices 31 is to be controlled,
ON / OFF control of the cooler 30 or the heater 31 is performed.
When the detected temperature sent from the temperature detecting unit 32 is lower than the control temperature of the growth information, the temperature control unit 24 determines that the cooler 30 is turned off and the heater 31 is turned on, and the temperature is raised. Let it. Conversely, when the temperature detected by the temperature detecting unit 32 is higher than the control temperature, it is determined that the heater 31 is turned off and the cooler 30 is turned on, and the temperature is lowered. When the temperature detected by the temperature detector 32 is the same as the control temperature, both the heater 31 and the cooler 30 are turned off. Here, both the cooler 30 and the heater 31 do not turn on at the same time.

For humidity control, the humidity control means 25 compares the control humidity read from the storage means 22 and sent to the apparatus control means 21 with the humidity sent from the humidity detection section 33, and turns on / off the humidifier 37. OFF is determined, and the humidifier 37 is turned ON /
OFF control. When the detected humidity sent from the humidity detection unit 33 is lower than the control humidity of the growth information, the humidity control unit 25 determines that the humidifier 37 is ON and increases the humidity. When the humidity detected by the humidity detector 33 is equal to or higher than the control humidity, the humidifier 37 is determined to be OFF.

As described above, the device control means 21 is connected to the input means 4
Judge which plant the key information entered from 0 belongs to,
The growing information of the corresponding plant is read from the storage unit 22.
The device control means 21 sends operation instructions to the light control means 23, the temperature control means 24, the humidity control means 25, the carbon dioxide gas control means 26 and the air circulation fan 38 based on the read growth information, and the light source unit 10, the cooler 30 By controlling ON / OFF of each of the heater 31, the humidifier 37, the humidifier 37, the carbon dioxide generator 34, and the air circulation fan 38, the plants to be grown can be efficiently forcibly cultivated.

The information for determining the various control conditions of the plant cultivation apparatus controlled in this way is all recorded as a program on the recording medium 50 and read out to the apparatus control means 21 via the storage means 22 in the apparatus. . By using this recording medium 50, it is possible to realize the optimum growing conditions for various kinds of plants with one apparatus. FIG. 3 illustrates a case where a floppy disk is used as a recording medium.

FIG. 3A is a diagram showing an example of a physical format of a floppy disk as a recording medium body. A track is formed on the concentric circle from the outer circumference to the inner circumference, and is divided into 16 sectors in the angular direction. Thus, the program is recorded according to the allocated area.

FIG. 3B is an explanatory view of a case for storing the floppy disk. From the left, a front view and a sectional view of a floppy disk case are shown, and a floppy disk is shown. By storing the floppy disk in the case in this way, the disk can be protected from dust and external impact and can be transported safely.

In this embodiment, the recording medium is a system using a floppy disk. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other transportable recording media such as a ROM cassette, an IC card, and an optical disk may be used. The present invention can also be implemented by providing a reading means suitable for the recording medium in the storage means in the inside.

Next, the results of an experiment in which plant growth was attempted using the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention will be described. Using the plant cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 of the above embodiment, differences due to differences in the LED configuration of the light source were examined using saintpaulia seedlings. The plant cultivation apparatus was configured as shown in FIG. 1 and six types of light sources having different composition ratios of LEDs in each wavelength range were prepared, and each was compared. However, blue (400 to 500n)
m) is 450 nm, and red (600-700 nm) is 6 nm.
60 nm, 730 n for far red (700-800 nm)
m was selected and used. Saintpaulia obtained four to five leaves, and the seedlings were grown for 60 days using six types of light sources. The growth results and the ratio of the photon flux density for each wavelength of the light source are shown in (Table 1) (a).

[0052]

[Table 1]

As a result of the growth experiment, the growth was best when the ratio of the photon flux density of blue (450 nm): red (660 nm): far red (730 nm) was 0 to 50:40 to 100: 0 to 10. Outside of this range, Saintpaulia were prostrate and undergrown. As described above, when the LED is used as a light source, the ratio of the photon flux density in each wavelength region is blue (400 to 500 nm): red (600 to 700 nm): far red (700 to 800 n).
m) = 0 to 50:40 to 100: 0 to 10 when they could be grown best.

Using the plant cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 of the above embodiment, green LED was further added to the light source at various ratios using pothos, and the growth and color tone when viewing were examined. The plant cultivation apparatus is configured as shown in FIG. 1 and only the light source is set to blue: red: far red = 15: 80: 5, and further green is added (blue + red + far red): green photon flux density A comparative experiment was performed using five types of materials having a ratio of 10 to 100: 0 to 90. However, 450 nm for blue and 660 nm for red as LEDs in each wavelength range.
, 730 nm for far-red, and 550 nm for green. The pothos used seedlings having 4 to 5 leaves. Table 1 shows the ratio of photon flux densities of various light sources and the experimental results.
(B). As a result of the experiment, those with good growth were (blue + red + far red): green = 30 to 100: 0 to 70, but among them, the color tone of the plant when viewed was vivid (blue + Red + far red): green = 30 to 80:
20-70.

As described above, by setting the ratio of (blue + red + far red): green photon flux density to 30-80: 20-70, a light source that can be enjoyed while growing plants could be obtained.

Using the plant cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 of the above embodiment, an attempt was made to grow pothos, a houseplant, for comparison with other light sources. As for the method of growing, the number of leaves is 4 ~
Five strains were obtained, the strains were grown in the plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 for 60 days, and the size and status of the grown strains were observed. The LEDs are lit only in blue, green and red, and the ratio of the photon flux density is blue: green: red = 15: 65:
The lighting time was 12 hours in a row. Each IE
The wavelength of D was the same as described above. In addition, growth using an incandescent bulb as a light source was performed as a control experiment, and the lighting time was 1 hour.
Two hours. In both cases, the temperature was 25 ° C and the humidity was 6
0%. The results are shown in (Table 2) (a).

[0057]

[Table 2]

In the case of incandescent bulbs, the strain itself became large, but the interval between leaves was very long, resulting in a poor impression as a whole, and the appreciation value was significantly reduced. LED
In the case of (1), a substantial and high appreciation value of the strain was obtained, in which the distance between the leaves was tight.

As described above, by irradiating only the LED, it is possible to irradiate light not including unnecessary wavelength.
A remarkable effect was exerted on the control of the growing state of the plant.

Further, the plant cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used to grow potted saintpaulia, a bottom-watered pot plant, which is generally cultivated for viewing flowers of long-day plants. The method of breeding is to obtain a strain having about 4 to 5 leaves, grow the seedlings in the plant cultivation apparatus of FIG. 1 for 90 days, observe the period until flowering and the state of the strain at the time of flowering. did. The LEDs used were blue, green, red, and far red, and the wavelengths were the same as described above. The ratio of the photon flux density was blue: green: red: far red = 10: 25: 60: 5. The light irradiation conditions were 15 red, green and blue LEDs.
OFF after irradiation for 1 hour, then 1 hour far red L
Only the ED was irradiated and turned off, and the remaining time was set as the dark period. The temperature was 25 ° C. and the humidity was 60% RH. In addition, as a control experiment, a case where an incandescent bulb and a fluorescent lamp were used as light sources was performed, and the lighting time was set to 15 hours. Results (Table 2)
The results are shown in the table of FIG.

In the case of forcing cultivation of a plant, it is necessary to lengthen the light period from the initial stage of growing since the purpose is to shorten the growing period of the plant by lengthening the light period and promoting the photosynthetic reaction to shorten the growing period of the plant. is there. However, long-day plants have the property that flower buds differentiate when the light period is prolonged. Therefore, if the light period is prolonged from the beginning of cultivation, flower buds will differentiate before the plant is enriched. A phenomenon occurs. In order to prevent this, in order to utilize the suppression of flower bud differentiation by far-red light, the far-red LED was irradiated immediately before the dark period.

As shown in (Table 2) and (b), in the case of cultivation with a normal fluorescent lamp, although the flowers bloom in a relatively short period of time, the strains are small and young, and the appreciation value is low. In the case of an incandescent ball, the stock itself becomes prolonged, and the appreciation value is extremely low. Only when the LED according to the present invention was used, it was possible to flower a rich strain, and to obtain a plant with high appreciation value.

As described above, in the plant cultivation apparatus according to the present invention, the control of each wavelength of the LED is enabled, so that the light of each wavelength can be turned on and off independently, which is a remarkable effect on the control of plant growth. Demonstrated. In addition, far infrared L
The method of turning on the ED immediately before the dark period makes it possible to control flower bud formation, especially of long-day plants.

Further, using the plant cultivation apparatus shown in FIG. 1, a total of five kinds of data of long-day plants, four season blooming carnations and mini roses, and short-day plants, such as cactus cactus, cyclamen and cattleya as western orchids, were used. And actually nurtured it. The conditions of the breeding data are shown in (Table 3) (a).

[0065]

[Table 3]

The conditions for growing the carnation were such that only the red, green and blue LEDs were used and the lighting time was 15 hours.
The temperature was 20 ° C. The conditions for growing roses were that red, green, and blue LEDs were turned on for 15 hours, and the temperature was 25 ° C. The conditions for growing the cactus cactus were such that the red, green, and blue LEDs were turned on for 10 hours and the temperature was set to 20 ° C. The conditions for growing cyclamen were such that red, blue and green LEDs were turned on for 8 hours and the temperature was 23 ° C. Since cattleya requires low-temperature short-day treatment for flower bud formation, blue, green and red L
After the ED was turned on for 8 hours and the temperature of 18 ° C. was passed for 20 days, the blue, green and red LEDs were turned on for 12 hours to bring the temperature to 25 ° C. However, the humidity is 60 for all plants.
%.

The results are shown in (Table 3) and (b). Although the conditions of each type of light irradiation control, light irradiation control amount, light irradiation control time, and control temperature are different, good results are obtained for all plants in terms of the flower state and the state of the flowering plant, and high appreciation value. The strain was able to be cultivated.

As described above, by storing the growth data for each type of plant, it is possible to easily prepare an optimum growth environment for various types of plants.

[0069]

As described above, according to the present invention, there is obtained an advantageous effect that a horticultural plant can be easily cultivated without losing its ornamental value and irrespective of the installation place.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plant cultivation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a plant cultivation apparatus circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

3A is a diagram showing an example of a physical format of a floppy disk. FIG. 3B is an explanatory diagram of a case for storing a floppy disk.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cultivation container 2 Plant 5 Blue LED 6 Green LED 7 Red LED 8 Far-red LED 10 Light source unit 20 Central control unit 21 Device control unit 22 Storage unit 23 Light control unit 24 Temperature control unit 25 Humidity control unit 26 Carbon dioxide control unit 30 Cooler 31 Heater 32 Temperature detector 33 Humidity detector 34 Carbon dioxide generator 37 Humidifier 38 Air circulation fan 40 Input means 50 Recording medium 55 Light transmitting plate

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A cultivation container for accommodating a plant, and a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements provided in the container, and a light irradiation time of the light source according to a type and a cultivation time of a plant to be cultivated. Plant cultivation apparatus characterized by changing the temperature. 2. A cultivation container for accommodating a plant, a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements provided in the container, irradiation start time, irradiation amount, irradiation time, and photon flux density for each wavelength of the light source. And a light source control means for controlling the ratio of the plant cultivation. 3. A light source composed of a plurality of light emitting diode elements has a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm (X): 600 to 700 nm.
(Y): the ratio of the photon flux density in each wavelength region of 700 to 800 nm (Z) is 0 to 50%: 40 to 100%: 0 to 10
% And X + Y + Z = 100%, The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: 4. The light source has a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm (X) and a wavelength of 60 nm.
It is composed of light emitting diode elements in the wavelength range of 0 to 700 nm (Y), 700 to 800 nm (Z) and 500 to 600 nm (G), and the ratio of the photon flux density of (X + Y + Z): G is 30 to 80%: 20. ~ 70% and X +
3. The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein Y + Z + G = 100%. 5. A cultivation container for accommodating plants, a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements provided in the container, irradiation start time, irradiation amount, irradiation time, and photon flux density for each wavelength of the light source. Light source control means for controlling the ratio of
A plant cultivation apparatus comprising: a data reading unit that outputs data to the light source control unit; and a storage unit that stores plant growth data read by the data reading unit. 6. A container for accommodating a plant, a light source comprising a plurality of light emitting diode elements provided in the container, and a ratio of an irradiation start time, an irradiation amount, an irradiation time and a photon flux density for each wavelength of the light source. Light source control means for controlling the temperature in the container, a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature in the container, a temperature control means for controlling the temperature in the container based on the temperature detected by the temperature detection unit, and humidity in the container A humidity detection unit that detects the humidity, a humidity control unit that controls the humidity in the container based on the humidity detected by the humidity detection unit, a carbon dioxide gas detection unit that detects the concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the container, A carbon dioxide gas control unit for controlling a carbon dioxide gas concentration in the container based on a carbon dioxide gas concentration detected by the carbon dioxide gas detection unit; the light source control unit; the temperature control unit; the humidity control unit; A data reading means to output the data to the control unit, the plant cultivating device characterized by comprising a storage means for storing the data reading means reads data. 7. The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the carbon dioxide control means operates only during a lighting period of the light source. 8. The wavelength range from 400 to 500 nm and from 600 to 7 from the start of the growth of long-day plants to a predetermined period of flower bud formation.
After repeating the lighting cycle of the light source which turns on the light emitting diode element of 00 nm, then turns on and turns off the light emitting diode element of the wavelength range of 700 to 800 nm for a predetermined time, and then repeats the wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm and 600 to 700 nm. A plant cultivation method characterized by periodically lighting the light source of the light emitting diode element. 9. A method for cultivating a plant, wherein a light source of a light emitting diode element having a wavelength range of 400 to 500 nm and 600 to 700 nm is periodically turned on for growing a plant. 10. A recording medium on which a program for cultivating a plant is recorded, wherein the procedure described in the program comprises the following. The input growth information corresponding to the type of plant to be cultivated is read from the growth storage means, and the selection of the type of light source, the irradiation amount of the selected light source, and the irradiation time are controlled in accordance with the growth of the plant.