JPH10140686A - Solar system building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce thermal load for cooling/heating by utilizing solar energy. SOLUTION: A plurality of solar cell modules are arranged on the roof surface of a solar system building so as to constitute a solar cell array 2, and a ventilating layer for cooling the array for cooling the solar cell array 2 is provided between the solar cell array 2 and the roof surface. In the daytime of winter, the solar cell array 2 absorbs solar heat, and the heat is given to air flowing through the ventilating layer for cooling the array. The air in the ventilating layer for cooling the array heated by the heat exchange is forcedly led from the ridge side to a garret 16 by means of a blower device 3 provided in the garret 16, and sent to respective living rooms 11a, 12a and an underfloor space 15, through ventilating spaces C in respective walls. Meanwhile, at night of summer, air in the ventilating layer for cooling the array cooled by radiation cooling is sent to the respective living rooms 11a, 12a and the underfloor space 15 through the above-stated courses.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a solar system building, and more particularly to a so-called solar system in which a solar cell module installed on a roof surface and receiving light heat from the sun can be used as an auxiliary heat source for heating. It relates to a solar system building with a mold structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, along with the worsening of global environmental problems and energy depletion problems due to increased consumption of fossil fuels, etc., panel-shaped solar cell modules have been installed on roofs of houses and the like, and clean solar cells have been installed. A solar power generation system for homes that extracts electricity directly from energy and supplies it to homes, and a solar heating system for homes that also installs heat collection panels on the roof and uses solar heat energy as a heat source for heating and other purposes Solar systems, such as systems, are receiving attention. As a system that uses the heat energy of the sun for heating a house, for example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-42265, a colored iron plate is installed on a roof, and the inside of a ridge is provided inside. A heat collection box surrounded by a heat insulating layer is provided, and a space serving as an air flow path is provided directly below the roof plate to communicate with the heat collection box, and the air heated by the heat energy of the sun captured by the roof portion is provided. A solar system has been proposed in which air is forcibly blown from the above-mentioned heat collecting box to a space under the floor of a house through a duct. In addition, for example, Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 6-5174.
At the same time as converting the light energy of the sun into electric power using a solar cell and using it as described in JP 9
An air-flow space is provided on the back side of the solar cell for the heat energy of the sun, and heat is exchanged through the air-flow space to collect heat and use a light-heat hybrid collector that utilizes the heat energy of the sun. Solar systems have been proposed.

[0003]

However, in the solar system described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-42265, a large number of duct members for conveying heated air to the underfloor space are required. There was a disadvantage that it took time and effort. The light / heat hybrid collector disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 6-51749 is inefficient in heat exchange because it relies on natural ventilation. There was a problem that the construction method became complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to reduce the indoor cooling and heating load by using solar energy obtained by a solar cell module installed on a roof surface, and to add heat by solar heat. The heated air can be transported indoors and under floor space without providing a new air duct such as a special duct, and heat exchange can be performed efficiently. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solar system building that does not require much time when it is mounted on a solar system.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a building body having walls is mounted on a previously prepared foundation, and a roof unit is mounted on the building body. Or, a solar cell module juxtaposition constituted by laying a plurality of solar cell modules on a roof surface of a building formed by connecting and interconnecting roof panels, and the solar cell module juxtaposition body and the roof surface A solar system building comprising a solar cell module juxtaposed body cooling ventilation layer that is installed in between and cools the solar cell module juxtaposed body by taking in outdoor air,
Between the solar cell module juxtaposed body cooling ventilation layer and any one or more rooms or underfloor spaces through a space in the wall formed in the wall of the building body to communicate with each other,
It is characterized by comprising a blower fan device for guiding the air in the solar cell module juxtaposed body cooling ventilation layer to the room or the underfloor space.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the solar system building according to the first aspect, wherein the solar cell module is combined with a heat collection panel for extracting heat energy from sunlight on the back surface. It is a photovoltaic-heat collecting hybrid panel.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the solar system building according to the first or second aspect, wherein the roof surface is provided with a solar heat absorbing layer which absorbs solar heat well. I have.

[0008] The invention described in claim 4 is based on claim 1,
4. The solar system building according to 2 or 3, wherein outdoor air that has entered the solar cell module juxtaposition body cooling ventilation layer from the eaves side of the roof is formed between the roof surface and the solar cell module juxtaposition body. After crawling up the space and reaching the ridge side, it is configured to be sent from the ridge side to the space in the wall via the back of the cabin.

[0009] The invention according to claim 5 is based on claim 1,
The solar system building according to 2, 3, or 4, wherein the building body is configured by attaching a floor panel to an upper surface of a floor framework and a wall panel on both inner and outer surfaces of the wall framework. The wall space is a wall panel internal space partitioned by the wall framework and the inner and outer wall materials, and the inner or outer wall material. By providing a ventilation notch on the side of the wall frame which is a contact portion between the wall panel and the wall frame, the interior space of the wall panel is a space capable of ventilation.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the solar system building according to the fifth aspect, wherein the wall frame is formed by assembling an upper frame, a lower frame, and a vertical frame into a square, and the wall panel is formed. The internal space is partitioned by the upper frame, the lower frame, the vertical frame, and the inner and outer wall materials, and the ventilation cutout is provided in the upper frame and / or the lower frame. It is characterized by:

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the solar system building according to the fifth aspect, the wall panel is provided on both the inner and outer surfaces of a wall frame in which an upper frame, a lower frame, and a vertical frame are assembled in a rectangular shape. It is configured by attaching a wall material, and the wall panel internal space is partitioned into a plurality of spaces between the vertical frames by the vertical frames, and the upper frame or And / or the lower frame is provided with the ventilation notch at a position separating each space between the vertical frames.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the solar system building according to the fifth aspect, the wall panel is provided on both the inner and outer surfaces of a wall frame in which an upper frame, a lower frame, and a vertical frame are assembled in a rectangular shape. A wall material is attached, and the inner space of the wall panel is partitioned into a plurality of spaces between the vertical frames by vertical frames, and the spaces between the vertical frames are connected to connect the spaces between the vertical frames. A notch for connection or a through-hole for connection is also provided in the vertical frame partitioning.

[0013] The ninth aspect of the present invention is the fifth aspect of the present invention.
9. The solar system building according to 6, 7, or 8, wherein the floor panel is configured by attaching a floor surface material to an upper surface of a floor frame in which a joist is formed in a square shape, and the wall panel is provided at the end of the floor panel. Standing on the outer joist, the outermost joist is provided with a ventilation notch or a ventilation through hole for communicating the inner space of the wall panel with the space below the wall panel. It is characterized by having.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar system building according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth or ninth aspect, wherein all of the solar cell module juxtaposition bodies are provided. Alternatively, a part is attached to the roof unit or the roof panel in advance at a factory.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in the solar system building according to the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, or tenth aspect, the fan unit for blowing air is provided in parallel with the solar cell modules. An outdoor discharge section for discharging the air of the body cooling ventilation layer to the outside, a hut back introduction section for guiding the air into the back of the hut, the solar cell module juxtaposition body cooling ventilation layer and the outdoor discharge section or A switching damper is provided for selectively setting a communication state or a blocking state with the cabin introduction section.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar system building according to the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth, tenth or eleventh aspect, wherein The region is characterized by being provided with a heat storage material which is supplied with heat from the air supplied via the space in the wall and retains the supplied heat for a long time.

Further, the invention according to claim 13 is the solar system building according to claim 11 or 12,
A switching switch for controlling a switching damper of the blower fan device is added to the building body.

[0018]

According to the structure of the present invention, for example, during the daytime in winter or the like, the solar cell module juxtaposition constituted by disposing a plurality of solar cell modules on the roof surface of a solar system building absorbs solar heat. The air in the solar cell module juxtaposition body cooling ventilation layer that is heated and heated behind the solar cell module juxtaposition body is forced to flow into the indoor side of the solar system building by the operation of the blower fan device. At this time, it is sent to each room or the underfloor space of the solar system building via the space in the wall of the building body constituting the solar system building, and directly heats each room or warms the underfloor space. Therefore, since the heat dissipation of each room in the direction of the ground is reduced, the heating load of the whole building can be reduced. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced. Further, here, since the space in the wall which the building body has in advance is used as a part of the air circulation path, a special duct such as a duct for sending heated air to each room or the underfloor space is used. There is no need to re-install equipment. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of members and the number of construction steps, thereby reducing the cost and shortening the construction period. In addition, during the nighttime in summer, since the solar cell module juxtaposition body is cooled by radiant cooling, the cooled air is supplied to each room or the underfloor space by following the same path as the above-described path. Cool directly or cool the underfloor space. Therefore, since the flow of heat into each room is reduced, the cooling load of the entire building can be reduced. Also in this case, the power consumption can be reduced.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The description will be specifically made using an embodiment. 1 and 2 are perspective views showing a schematic configuration of a solar system building according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which perspective views showing passages for ventilation, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view showing a part of the solar system building in an exploded view, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the solar cell module of this example is installed on the roof surface of the solar system building.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an operation of a blower applied to the solar system building. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a solar system building 1 of this example has a solar cell module juxtaposed body composed of a plurality of solar cell modules 2a, 2a,. 2) a two-story detached unit building to which 2 is attached, and building units 11, 12,... Constituting each living room portion such as a living room, a dining room, a bedroom, etc. of the building, and a roof constituting the roof portion of the building And a unit 13. These units are produced in advance in a factory, transported to a construction site, and constructed and assembled in order to increase the industrial production rate of the building.

Here, a solar cell array cooling ventilation layer (hereinafter simply referred to as an array cooling ventilation layer) A for cooling the solar cell array 2 is provided on the back of the solar cell array 2, and the array cooling is performed. Ventilation layer A and solar system building 1
Is communicated with the hut back 16. The backside 16 is provided with a blower 3 for forcibly introducing air that has exchanged heat with the solar cell array 2 from the array cooling ventilation layer A into the building. First, the building units 11, 11,... Are installed on the foundation B and connected to each other to form a lower floor portion of the building including the living rooms 11a, 11a,. Building unit 12,1
Are stacked and interconnected to form a living room 12a, 12
are formed by forming the upper floor portion of the building consisting of a,... and the like, and further installing and connecting the roof unit 13 to the upper portion of the upper floor portion. Here, for example, the living room 1
1a is formed by joining two U-shaped building units 11, 11 on the side having no wall. In addition, inter-unit gaps 14 such as between the building units used in the assembly are left, and the building units 11, 11,.
An underfloor space 15 is formed between them.

As shown in FIG. 4, each building unit 11 (12) is provided along three side edges of a floor panel 111 (121) along wall panels 112 (122), 112 (122),
... are erected on the wall, and square wooden pillars 113 (123), 113 (12
3), ... are arranged. Floor panel 111 (121)
Are joists (short joists) 111a (121a), 111a
(121a),... Perpendicular to (a) and (b), the end joists (long joists) 111b (121b), 111
b (121b) is nailed to form a square frame,
An unillustrated floor surface material such as a structural plywood or a particle board is attached to the upper surface of the floor framework to form a floor surface. Each wall panel 112 (122) has a vertical frame 112
a (122a), 112a (122a),... at the upper and lower ends of the upper and lower frames 112b (122b) and 112c (122c), respectively.
Are respectively nailed to form a wall frame, and wall materials 112d (122d) and 112d (122) such as gypsum board and hard wood chip cement plate are provided on both inner and outer surfaces of the wall frame.
d) is attached to form a bearing wall. These wall materials 112d (122d), 112d (122d),.
The exterior surface of each has interior and exterior finishes.

Here, as shown in the figure, the upper frame 112b (122b) of each wall panel 112 (122) and the upper floor building unit 12 facing another building unit, for example, used as a partition wall. In the lower frame 122c,
Adjacent vertical frames 112a (122a), 112a (122
a, notches K1, K1,..., K2, K2,. Then, each wall panel 112 (1
22) Inner wall framework and inner and outer wall materials 112d
In the space partitioned by (122d) and 112d (122d), a predetermined area is used as the in-wall ventilation space C, and the other area is loaded with a heat insulating material such as glass wool as needed. Further, the in-wall ventilation space C of the building unit 11 on the lower floor communicates with the underfloor space 15 by omitting the attachment of the wall material inside the wall panel 112 at the lower part. The air supply ports Hb, Hb for supplying the air sent through the in-wall ventilation space C to the interior of the wall panel of the building units 11, 12, ..., on the side where the in-wall ventilation space C is provided. , ... are provided. Each of the air supply ports Hb is provided with an electric open / close damper that can be freely opened and closed.

Each of the wall panels 112 on the side facing the outdoors
(122) Inner wall frame and inner and outer wall materials 11
The space partitioned by 2d (122d) and 112d (122d) is entirely filled with a heat insulating material without being used as an in-wall ventilation space in order to enhance the heat insulating effect. In addition, after covering the vicinity of the upper end surface of the upper frame 112b of the upper frame 112b of the lower floor building unit 11 where each ventilation notch K1 is provided with an airtight material such as butyl rubber, the upper floor of the lower floor building unit 11 is overlaid. By mounting and joining the building units 12, the air flowing through the in-wall ventilation space C is prevented from leaking from the gap generated at the joint portion of this unit.
In addition, the roof unit 13 is placed on the building unit 12 on the upper floor.
The same procedure is performed when the pieces are placed and joined. The wooden pillar 113 (123) is connected to the wall panel 112 (12).
2), 112 (122), the outermost vertical frame 112a (12).
2a) and a bolt. The floor panel 11
1 (121), each joist 111a (121)
For example, JAS size type 206 material is used for a) and 111b (121b). The wall panel 112 (1
For the vertical frame 112a (122a), the upper frame 112b (122b), and the lower frame 112c (122c) which are the constituent materials of 22), for example, 204 materials and 206 materials are used. Also,
For the wooden pillar 113 (123), for example, 404 material is suitably used.

An underfloor heat storage material 15a such as crushed stone is laid in the underfloor space 15, and the underfloor heat storage material 15a stores heat together with the concrete forming the inner wall, and the underfloor space 15 functions as a heat storage tank. In addition, the base B is provided with an underfloor vent hole Ha provided with an electric open / close damper that can be freely opened and closed.

The roof unit 13 is a gable roof unit, and ridge side roof units 13a, 13c,
And a plurality of eaves-side roof units 13b, 13d,... Are connected to each other.
The solar cell modules 2a, 2a,... Are installed on the roof units 3a, 13a and the eaves side roof units 13b, 13b. Each ridge side roof unit 13a, 13c is 1
Roof panels 131, a pair of wife trusses 132, 132 supporting both ends of the roof panel 131, and small wife wall panels 133, 133 attached to each wife truss 132
And purlins 134, connecting beams 135, and roof beams 136, 13
6 and 6. Here, roof beam 1 on the ridge side
Notch K1 for ventilation provided in the upper frame of the wall panel on the upper floor of 36
Is provided with a notch K3 for ventilation. In addition, each eaves roof unit 13b, 13d is 1
It is roughly composed of one roof panel, a pair of wife trusses supporting both ends of the roof panel, a small wife wall panel attached to each wife truss, a connecting beam, and a roof beam. .

As shown in FIG. 5, the roof panel 131 is provided on a roof interior material 137 having a predetermined rigidity via a heat insulating material 138 made of highly heat-insulating styrene or the like, and a base plate (such as a structural plywood or a particle board). A roof base material) 139 is placed, a waterproof sheet 140 such as asphalt roofing is spread on the upper surface, and a non-combustible covering material 141 such as a polyvinyl chloride steel plate (polyvinyl chloride metal laminate) is adhered on the upper surface of the waterproof sheet. It is constituted by that. The upper surface of the non-combustible covering material 141, that is, the solar cell array 2
A heat collecting plate 142 coated with a selective absorption film made of carbon or the like having a characteristic of selectively absorbing light in the wavelength region of sunlight is adhered immediately below. This selective absorption film has high solar heat absorption efficiency (for example, absorption rate α = 0.91 to
0.94), low emissivity (for example, emissivity ε = 0.0
9-0.12) It is made of a material. A large number of V-shaped grooves are provided on the surface of the heat collecting plate 142 in parallel with the direction of inclination of the roof so that solar heat can be efficiently absorbed. On the other hand, a roof finishing material such as a slate is provided on the roof surface of each of the ridge-side roof units 13c and 13d on the north side to which the solar cell module 2a is not attached. In the vicinity of the ridge of the roof panel of the ridge side roof unit 13a on the south side, a fan air supply port Hc for communicating the array cooling ventilation layer A and the back of the hut 16 is penetrated. Furthermore, of the two southern building-side roof units 13a, 13a, an exhaust port for discharging the air of the array cooling ventilation layer A to the outside is located above the east side small wall of the eastern building-side roof unit 13a. Hd is provided.

The solar cell array 2 of this example includes ridge side roof units 13a, 13a and eaves side roof units 13b,
13b is mounted on the roof surface in parallel with the inclined direction of the roof surface using long mounting members 4, 4,... The intake ports He, He, ... are formed. Solar cell array 2
Are installed on the roof surfaces of the ridge-side roof units 13a and 13a and the eaves-side roof units 13b and 13b, respectively, at the factory.
After the assembly and connection of each building unit and the roof unit are completed at the site, the joint members are attached to the solar cell modules adjacent to each other at the joint between the roof panels 131, 131. A ridge covering material 13e for preventing rainwater or the like from entering from above is attached to the ridge portion so as to extend over the upper and side surfaces of the end portions of the 2a, 2a and the attachment members 4, 4. As a result, good rain performance is ensured, and the array cooling ventilation layer A is formed. Each of the solar cell modules 2a constituting the solar cell array 2 is, as shown in FIG. 1, after a number of single-crystal silicon solar cells (pn junction elements) 21, 21,. , So that these single-crystal silicon solar cells 21, 21,.
Is sandwiched between transparent supporting substrates 23, 23 such as white plate reinforced glass excellent in light transmittance and impact strength via a filler 22 such as EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) excellent in moisture resistance, and packaged in a layer structure. (Encapsulation) to form a panel-shaped module main body, and the periphery of the formed module main body is surrounded by an aluminum frame 24.

The frame 24 is composed of a pair of vertical frames and horizontal frames. Each of the inner surfaces is provided with a groove having a U-shaped cross section for fitting and holding the module body. These vertical frame and horizontal frame are joined to each other after being fitted to the peripheral edge of the module body. In each of the vertical frame and the horizontal frame, a fixing piece L for engaging and fixing the solar cell module 2a to the upper surface of the corresponding mounting member 4 is extended outward. Several screw holes are formed in each fixing piece L. The joining screws N, N,...
143 which is inserted through the screw hole of
To fix the respective solar cell modules 2a firmly.

Each of the mounting members 4 is a base for mounting and fixing the solar cell modules 2a, 2a,... To a roof surface. As shown in FIG. The non-combustible coating materials are bonded together and further fixed to each other with a fixing tool (not shown) such as a male screw. Each of these mounting members 4 is arranged at a position directly above the tree 143 along the wife direction.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 6,
Further, below the fan air inlet Hc, each outside air inlet He is provided.
A blower 3 is provided for forcibly sucking in the outside air flowing from the inside through the array cooling ventilation layer B and the fan supply port Hc, and discharging the outside air into the cabin back 16 or outside.
The blower 3 is attached to the lower part of the roof panel in accordance with the position of the fan air inlet Hc, and has a fan device 31 that blows air by driving a motor, and an outdoor discharge unit (hereinafter referred to as an outdoor) that directly discharges air to the outside. An electric switching damper 34 for selectively switching the open / close state of a hut back blower (hereinafter referred to as a hut back blower opening) 33 for blowing out air into the back of the hut 13. The switching damper 34 is switched, and the air sucked by the fan device 31 is blown out to the outdoor discharge port 32 side or the back side of the cabin blower port 33 side. The operation of the fan device 31 and the switching of the switching damper 34 are remotely controlled by a switch (not shown) provided in a predetermined living room 11a on the lower floor. These blowers 3 are attached in advance at the factory when the south ridge side roof unit 13a is manufactured.

Next, the operation of this example will be described. (A) During the winter season For example, when the living room is cold during the winter season, first, the switching damper 34 is set by a changeover switch (not shown), and as shown in FIG. The outdoor discharge port 32 communicating therewith is fully closed, and the air outlet 33 behind the cabin on the side communicating with the ventilation space C in each wall of the cabin 13 is fully opened. The opening / closing dampers for the underfloor ventilation port Ha and the air supply port Hb in each room are fully opened.
Next, the operation switch is pressed to start the fan device 31. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the air in the array cooling ventilation layer A warmed by heat exchange with each solar cell module 2a heated by the solar radiation is supplied to the fan air supply port Hc.
Then, the air is sucked into the fan device 31 and blows out into the cabin back 16 from the cabin back vent 33. Then, the warm air is supplied to each ventilation notch K3 provided in the roof beam 136 of the roof unit 3 and the upper frame 12 of the building unit 12 on the upper floor.
The air enters the ventilation space C in each wall of the building unit 12 through each ventilation notch K1 provided in 2b. After the wall materials 122d, 122d of the wall panel 122 are warmed while passing through the in-wall ventilation space C, a part of the wall panel 1 is heated.
The air flows into the room through an air supply port Hb provided at a lower portion of the air conditioner 22. Further, the remaining air exits from each ventilation notch K2 of the lower frame 122c, and flows into the upper frame 122b of the building unit 11 on the lower floor.
Through the ventilation notches K1 provided in the building unit 11 and into the ventilation spaces C in the walls of the building unit 11. Then, while passing through the in-wall ventilation space C, the wall material 1 of the wall panel 112 is
After warming 12d and 112d, part of the wall panel 112
Flows into the room from an air supply port Hb provided at the lower part of the vehicle. Further, the remaining air enters the underfloor space 15 from the lower part of each in-wall ventilation space C. Then, heat exchange is performed with the underfloor heat storage material 15a such as crushed stone and the concrete of the inner wall functioning as a heat storage material to warm the concrete and the crushed stone, and are discharged outside through the underfloor ventilation hole Ha. On the other hand, the outside air enters the array cooling ventilation layer A, which has become a negative pressure by the operation of the fan device 31, through the outside air intake ports He, He,.

As a result, the living room 12a,
The warm air flows directly into 11a,... And the room is warmed, and the heating load is reduced. In addition, by heating the wall materials 122d, 112d inside the wall panels 122, 112, the living rooms 11, 1 through the wall materials 122d, 112d are heated.
Dissipation of heat from inside 2 is reduced, and the heating load on each of the living rooms 11 and 12 is reduced. Also, the above-mentioned concrete and the underfloor heat storage material 15a allow the upper chambers 11, 1 to be heated.
The heat dissipation from 1, 1, ... to the ground is reduced, and the heating load in the room is reduced. Here, since the concrete and the under-floor heat storage material 15a have a relatively large heat capacity, they keep the heat even at night and contribute to a comfortable thermal environment all day.

In this way, during operation of the fan device 31, the outdoor air inlet He, He,...
→ Fan air inlet Hc → Fan unit 31 → Blow back vent 3
3 → the back of the hut 16 → cutouts for ventilation K3, K3, ... → cutouts for ventilation K1, K1, ... of the wall panel 122 on the upper floor → ventilation spaces C, C, ... on the upper floor wall → building units 12, 12, The air flowing along the air flow path having the forward direction of the flow of the living rooms 12a, 12a,... Contributes to the heating of the living rooms 12a, 12a,. Also, outdoors → outside air intake He, He,... → array cooling vent layer A →
Fan air inlet Hc → Fan device 31 → Back air outlet 33
→ The back of the hut 16 → Notches for ventilation K3, K3, ... → Notches for ventilation K1, K1, ... of the upper floor wall panel 122 → Ventilation spaces C, C, ... in the upper floor wall 122 Notch for ventilation K2, K2, ... → Notch for ventilation of wall panel 112 on lower floor
1, K1,... → Ventilation spaces C, C,... In the lower floors of the building units 11, 11,... → Air supply ports Hb, Hb,... → Residence rooms 11a, 11a,. He, H
e,... → array cooling ventilation layer A → fan air supply port Hc → fan unit 31 → back hut air outlet 33 → back hut 16 → notch for ventilation K3, K3,... → notch for ventilation of wall panel 122 on upper floor K1, K1,... → Ventilation spaces C, C,... In the upper floor wall K2, K2,... → Ventilation notches K1, K1,. → Ventilation space C, C, in the lower floor wall → underfloor space (heat storage tank) 15 → underfloor ventilation hole Ha → air flowing along the air flow path with forward flow in the outside is mainly the living room 11a. , 11
a, contributes to heating.

(B) Summer Night For example, when the living room is hot during the summer night, first, a changeover damper 34 is set by a changeover switch (not shown), and as shown in FIG. The outdoor discharge port 32 leading to the hut 16 is fully closed, and the air outlet 33 behind the hut leading to the ventilation space C in each wall of the hut 16 is fully opened. The opening / closing dampers of the underfloor ventilation port Ha and the air supply port Hb of each living room are fully opened. Next, the operation switch is pressed to start the fan device 31. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, the air in the array cooling ventilation layer A cooled by heat exchange with the solar cell array 2 cooled by radiative cooling is transmitted to the fan device 31 via the fan air supply port Hc. Inhaled, behind the hut 3
3 blows out into the hut back 16. Then, the cold air is supplied to each ventilation notch K3 provided in the roof beam 136 of the roof unit 3 and the upper frame 122 of the building unit 12 on the upper floor.
The air enters the ventilation space C in each wall of the building unit 12 through each ventilation notch K1 provided in b. After the wall materials 122d and 122d of the wall panel 122 are cooled while passing through the in-wall ventilation space C, part of the wall panel 1 is cooled.
The air flows into the room through an air supply port Hb provided at a lower portion of the air conditioner 22. Further, the remaining air exits from each ventilation notch K2 of the lower frame 122c, and flows into the upper frame 122b of the building unit 11 on the lower floor.
Through the ventilation notches K1 provided in the building unit 11 and into the ventilation spaces C in the walls of the building unit 11. Then, while passing through the in-wall ventilation space C, the wall material 1 of the wall panel 112 is
After cooling 12d and 112d, part of the wall panel 11
2 flows into the room from an air supply port Hb provided at a lower portion of the air conditioner 2.
Further, the remaining air enters the underfloor space 15 from the lower part of each in-wall ventilation space C. Then, heat exchange is performed with the underfloor heat storage material 15a such as crushed stone and the concrete of the inner wall functioning as a heat storage material, and the concrete and the crushed stone are cooled,
It is discharged outside through the underfloor vent Ha. On the other hand, the outside air enters the array cooling ventilation layer A, which has become a negative pressure by the operation of the fan device 31, through the outside air intake ports He, He,.

As a result, the accommodation room 12a,
Cool air flows directly into 11a,... To cool the room, and the cooling load is reduced. Moreover, each living room 11, 1 through the wall members 122d, 112d is cooled by cooling the wall members 122d, 112d inside the wall panels 122, 112.
The flow of heat into the interior 2 is reduced, and the cooling load on each of the living rooms 11 and 12 is reduced. Moreover, the above-mentioned concrete and the underfloor heat storage material 15a allow the upper chambers 11,11,
... alleviates the flow of heat into the room and reduces the indoor cooling load.
Here, since the concrete and the under-floor heat storage material 15a have a relatively large heat capacity, they are kept cool even at night, and contribute to a comfortable thermal environment all day.

In this way, during operation of the fan device 31, the outdoor air inlet He, He,...
→ Fan air inlet Hc → Fan unit 31 → Blow back vent 3
3 → the back of the hut 16 → cutouts for ventilation K3, K3, ... → cutouts for ventilation K1, K1, ... of the wall panel 122 on the upper floor → ventilation spaces C, C, ... on the upper floor wall → building units 12, 12, The air flowing along the air flow path having the forward direction of the flow of the living rooms 12a, 12a,... Contributes to the cooling of the living rooms 12a, 12a,. Also, outdoors → outside air intake He, He,... → array cooling vent layer A →
Fan air inlet Hc → Fan device 31 → Back air outlet 33
→ The back of the hut 16 → Notches for ventilation K3, K3, ... → Notches for ventilation K1, K1, ... of the upper floor wall panel 122 → Ventilation spaces C, C, ... in the upper floor wall 122 Notch for ventilation K2, K2, ... → Notch for ventilation of wall panel 112 on lower floor
1, K1,... → Ventilation spaces C, C,... In the lower floors of the building units 11, 11,... → Air supply ports Hb, Hb,... → Residence rooms 11a, 11a,. He, H
e,... → array cooling ventilation layer A → fan air supply port Hc → fan unit 31 → back hut air outlet 33 → back hut 16 → notch for ventilation K3, K3,... → notch for ventilation of wall panel 122 on upper floor K1, K1,... → Ventilation spaces C, C,... In the upper floor wall K2, K2,... → Ventilation notches K1, K1,. → Ventilation space C, C, in the lower floor wall → underfloor space (heat storage tank) 15 → underfloor ventilation hole Ha → air flowing along the air flow path with forward flow in the outside is mainly the living room 11a. , 11
a,... contributes to cooling.

(C) During the daytime in summer For example, when each solar cell module 2a is also heated by solar radiation during the day of midsummer, first, the changeover damper 34 is set by a changeover switch (not shown), and FIG. As shown in b), the outdoor discharge port 32 communicating with the exhaust port Hd is fully opened, and the rear air outlet 33 on the side communicating with the ventilation space C in each wall of the cabin 16 is fully closed. The opening / closing damper for the underfloor ventilation port Ha is fully opened, and the opening / closing damper for the air supply port Hb in each living room is fully closed. Next, the operation switch is pressed to start the fan device 31. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the air in the array cooling ventilation layer A heated by the heat exchange with the solar cell array 2 heated by the solar radiation receives the fan device 31 via the fan air outlet Hc. And is discharged from the exhaust port Hd to the outside via the outdoor discharge port 32. As a result, the operation of the fan device 31 causes the array cooling ventilation layer A to operate.
The inside has a negative pressure, and relatively cool outside air flows in from outside through the outside air intake ports He, He,. Thus, during operation of the fan device 31, the outside air → the outside air intake He, He,
... → array cooling air layer A → fan air supply port Hc → fan device 31 → outdoor discharge port 32 → discharge port Hd → air flow path is formed with forward flow in the outside direction. Is always supplied with relatively cool air. Thus, the solar cell array 2 is cooled by being deprived of heat by the air in the array cooling ventilation layer A, while being cooled.
The air warmed by the fan device 31 is exhausted to the outside by the fan device 31, thereby preventing a decrease in the power generation efficiency of the solar cell array 2.

According to the above configuration, for example, during the daytime in winter, the solar cell array 2 configured by disposing a plurality of solar cell modules 2a, 2a,. The air in the array cooling ventilation layer A on the back of the solar cell array 2 that is absorbed and heated is forced to flow into the hut back 16 by the operation of the blower 3, and at this time, the ventilation space in each wall is provided. The warm air flows directly into the living rooms 12a, 11a,... From the air supply port Hb via the air inlet C to warm the room and reduce the heating load. Further, when warm air passes through the ventilation space C in each wall, the wall material 112d (122d) inside the wall panel 112 (122) is heated, so that the living rooms 11a, 12a through the wall material 112d (122d). Dissipation of heat from inside is reduced, and the heating load on each of the living rooms 11a and 12a is reduced. Furthermore, the warm air is also sent to the underfloor space 15, which warms the underfloor space 15 and reduces the heat dissipation of each living room 11a toward the ground, so that the heating load of the entire building can be reduced. . Therefore, power consumption can be reduced. Further, here, the wall panels 112, 122,
Are used as a part of the air circulation path, so that ducts for sending heated air to each of the living rooms 11a, 12a and the underfloor space 15 are used. There is no need to install special components again. Therefore, the number of members and the number of construction steps can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the construction period can be shortened.

In the summer night, the solar cell array 2 is cooled by radiant cooling, so that the cooled air follows the same path as the above-described path, and
, 12a,... and the underfloor space 15, and the cooling load is reduced by directly cooling the respective living rooms 11a, 12a. Further, by cooling the underfloor space 15, the heat of the respective living rooms 11a from the ground direction is reduced. To mitigate the inflow,
The heating load of the whole building can be reduced. Also in this case, the power consumption can be reduced.
In addition, air heated by the heat generated from the solar cell array 2 can be used for heating during the daytime in winter, or air cooled by radiant cooling can be used for cooling at night in summertime. At the same time, during the day, solar cell array 2
Thus, power can be generated by solar energy. In addition, when the solar cell array 2 is heated to a predetermined temperature or higher during the daytime in summer or the like, the air blower 3 is operated to cool the solar cell array 2 and avoid a decrease in power generation efficiency due to a rise in temperature.

Further, the solar system building 1 is provided with an outdoor discharge port 32 for directly discharging the air in the array cooling ventilation layer A to the outside or an opening / closing air outlet 33 for blowing the air into the hut 16. Since an electric switching damper 34 for selectively switching the state is provided, the switching damper 34 is switched to allow the air flowing into the fan device 31 from the array cooling ventilation layer A side through the outdoor exhaust port 32 to the exhaust port. Hd can be forcibly discharged outside. Therefore, when the solar cell array 2 needs to be heated and cooled during the daytime in summer or the like, the fan device 31 is operated to continuously take in outside air from the eaves side to the array cooling ventilation layer A,
Since the solar cell array 2 can be cooled and the heat exchanged air can be discharged from the exhaust port Hd, it is possible to avoid a decrease in the power generation efficiency of each solar cell array 2 due to a rise in temperature. Furthermore, since each solar cell module 2a is previously attached integrally to a roof panel in a factory, and installation on site is only installation of a joint member, etc., installation for heat insulation and waterproofing can be performed reliably and efficiently. It can be carried out. Ventilation of the in-wall ventilation space C and the underfloor space 15 by ventilating the in-wall ventilation space C, further introducing air to the underfloor space 15, and exhausting the air from the underfloor ventilation hole Ha to the outside. Thus, for example, it is possible to prevent the mold from being generated on the wall in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment during the rainy season, thereby preventing deterioration of the wall material. Similarly, moisture under the floor can be discharged.

Further, a heat collecting plate 142 coated with a selective absorption film for selectively absorbing light in the wavelength region of sunlight is attached immediately below the solar cell array 2. The sunlight passing through the roof is efficiently absorbed by the selective absorption film provided on the roof surface, and the air in the array cooling ventilation layer A transports more heat, so that each living room 11a, It can contribute to heating inside 12a. Moreover, since the underfloor heat storage material 15a is laid inside the underfloor space 15, more heat can be stored in the underfloor space 15, and the thermal environment in the living room can be more efficiently improved. . Further, since the switching damper 34 of the blower 3 is configured to be electrically controllable by operating a switching switch provided in the living room, when the operation of the switching damper 34 is necessary, immediately and The user can easily perform remote control while staying in the living room.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and there are design changes and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention. Is also included in the present invention. For example, this building is not limited to a wooden wall type structure, but may be a steel framed structure. In addition, the shape of the roof is not limited to the gable roof, and may be a ridge roof.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the solar system building is constituted by using the building unit having the wall winning structure has been described. Instead, the solar system building is constituted by using the building unit having the floor winning structure. It can also be configured. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, in the building unit 51 in which the wall panels 512, 512, and 512 are erected on three sides of the floor panel 511, the upper frame 5
12a, lower frame 512b, each vertical frame 512c, wooden pillar 512
d and ventilating notches M1 and M2 on the upper frame 512a side and the lower frame 512b side for any one of the plurality of in-wall ventilation spaces surrounded by the wall material. If the ventilation notch M3 is also provided on the floor panel 511 immediately below the ventilation notch M2, a solar system building can be constituted by a floor-winning building unit.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the ventilation spaces C, C,... In the wall are provided in the partition wall, but may be provided in a boundary wall of an apartment house or the like. In addition, the ventilation spaces C, C,
... may be provided on a wall panel facing the outside.
Further, in the above embodiment, each outside air intake He is provided at the eaves end of the solar cell array 2. However, for example, the outside air intake is provided below the eaves of the roof so that outside air is introduced from below. May be. Further, a fan device may be added to the outside air intake He. Further, the number of the blowers 3 is not limited to one, and a configuration having two or more blowers may be provided.

In the above-described embodiment, the upper frame 112b (122b) and the lower frame 112c (122c) of the wall panel 112 (122) are attached to the adjacent vertical frame 112a (12c).
2a), 112a (122a) are provided with ventilation cutouts K1, K1,..., K2, K2,... At least at one location in each of the upper frame and the lower frame for one wall panel. A ventilation notch may be provided, and at least one connection notch or connection through-hole may be provided in each vertical frame. Of the members constituting the roof panel 131, the non-combustible covering material 141 may be omitted. When the selective absorption film of the heat collecting plate 142 has waterproofness,
The waterproof sheet 140 may be omitted. Also, the heat insulating material 13
8 may be, for example, urethane foam or the like instead of high heat insulating styrene.

In the above embodiment, the underfloor space 15 between the lower building units 11, 11,... And the foundation B is used as a heat storage tank.
Also, the space between the building units 12, 12, ... on the upper floor may be used as a heat storage tank. Alternatively, a temperature sensor may be arranged outdoors, behind the solar cell array, indoors, under the floor, or the like, and automatically controlled in conjunction with operation of the fan device, switching of the switching damper, and opening and closing of the opening / closing damper. Further, in the above-described embodiment, each of the solar cell modules 2a is integrally attached to the roof panel 131 in a factory beforehand, but may be entirely or partially attached on site. Further, each solar cell module 2a installed on the roof surface may be a photovoltaic-heat collecting hybrid panel in which heat collecting panels are combined. Furthermore, the solar cell incorporated in each solar cell module 2a is not limited to a single crystal silicon solar cell, but may be a polycrystalline silicon solar cell or an amorphous silicon solar cell. Alternatively, a compound semiconductor solar cell or an organic semiconductor solar cell may be used. Further, the mounting member 4 does not have to have a configuration in which a vinyl chloride steel plate is bonded to the upper surface of wood, but may be, for example, aluminum alone or an engineering plastic.

[0047]

As described above, according to the structure of the present invention, for example, a solar cell module constructed by arranging a plurality of solar cell modules on the roof surface of a solar system building during the daytime in winter or the like. The air in the solar cell module juxtaposition body cooling ventilation layer on the back side of the solar cell module juxtaposition body, which is heated by the juxtaposition body absorbing the solar heat, is operated by the blower fan device to operate the roof of the solar system building. Forced to flow inward, at this time, sent to each room or underfloor space of the solar system building via the space in the wall of the building body constituting the solar system building, or to warm each room directly, Warm the underfloor space. Therefore, since the heat dissipation of each room in the direction of the ground is reduced, the heating load of the whole building can be reduced. Therefore, power consumption can be reduced. Further, here, since the space in the wall which the building body has in advance is used as a part of the air circulation path, a special duct such as a duct for sending heated air to each room or the underfloor space is used. There is no need to re-install equipment. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the number of members and the number of construction steps, thereby reducing the cost and shortening the construction period. In addition, during the nighttime in summer, since the solar cell module juxtaposition body is cooled by radiant cooling, the cooled air is supplied to each room or the underfloor space by following the same path as the above-described path. Cool directly or cool the underfloor space. Therefore, since the flow of heat into each room is reduced, the cooling load of the entire building can be reduced. Also in this case, the power consumption can be reduced. In addition, the air heated by the heat emitted from the solar cell module juxtaposition may be used for heating during the daytime in winter, or the air cooled by radiation cooling may be used for cooling at night in summer. On the other hand, at the same time, power can be generated by solar energy by the solar cell module juxtaposition during the daytime. Further, when the solar cell module juxtaposed body is heated to a predetermined temperature or higher during the daytime in summer or the like, cooling is performed by operating the blower fan device to avoid a decrease in power generation efficiency due to a rise in temperature. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a solar system building which is an embodiment of the present invention, and is a perspective view showing a passage for ventilation.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of the solar system building, and is a perspective view showing a passage for ventilation.

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the solar system building in an exploded manner.

Fig. 4 Disassemble part of the solar system building, and
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view partially broken away.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a solar cell module applied to the solar system building is installed on a roof surface of the solar system building.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the blower applied to the solar system building.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a building unit constituting a solar system building which is a modification of the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Solar system building 2 Solar cell array (Solar cell module juxtaposition body) 2a Solar cell module 3 Blower (Blower fan) 11, 12, 51 Building unit (building main body) 11a, 12a Living room (room) 13 Roof Unit 15 Underfloor space 15a Underfloor heat storage material 16 Roof back 32 Outdoor outlet (outdoor discharge section) 33 Roof air vent (back of shed introduction section) 34 Switching damper 111, 121, 511 Floor panel 111a, 121a Joist 111b, 121b End joist (Joist) 112, 122, 512 Wall panel 112a, 122a, 512c Vertical frame 112b, 122b, 512a Upper frame 112c, 122c, 512b Lower frame 112d, 122d Wall material A Array cooling ventilation layer (cooling of solar cell module juxtaposed body) Ventilation layer) B Foundation C Ventilation space in wall (Space in wall) K1, K2, M1, M2, M3 for ventilation notch

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification symbol FI // H01L 31/042 H01L 31/04 R (72) Inventor Shigeru Sugita 22-22 Nagaikecho, Abeno-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Sharp Corporation ( 72) Inventor Satoshi Tanaka 22-22 Nagaikecho, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka, Japan (72) Inventor Jun Junda 22-22 Nagaikecho, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka Intracorporate (72) Inventor Satoshi Fujii 22-22 Nagaikecho, Abeno-ku, Osaka City, Osaka

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A building body having a wall portion is mounted on a previously prepared foundation, and a roof unit or a roof panel is mounted on the building body and a plurality of suns are mounted on a roof surface of the building. A solar cell module juxtaposition body constituted by laying down battery modules, and installed between the solar cell module juxtaposition body and the roof surface to take in outdoor air and cool the solar cell module juxtaposition body A solar system building comprising a solar cell module juxtaposition body cooling ventilation layer for carrying out, the building main body passing between the solar cell module juxtaposition cooling air ventilation layer and any one or more rooms or underfloor spaces. While communicating through the space in the wall formed in the wall of the
A solar system building, comprising: a fan device for blowing air for guiding air in the ventilation layer for cooling the solar cell module juxtaposition body to the room or the underfloor space. 2. The solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the solar cell module is a photovoltaic-heat collecting hybrid panel having a back surface combined with a heat collecting panel for extracting thermal energy from sunlight. System building. 3. The solar system building according to claim 1, wherein a solar heat absorbing layer that absorbs solar heat is provided on the roof surface. 4. Outdoor air that has entered the solar cell module juxtaposed body cooling ventilation layer from the eaves side of the roof creeps up between the roof surface and the solar cell module juxtaposed body, and The solar system building according to claim 1, wherein the solar system building is configured to be sent from the ridge side to the space in the wall via the back of the hut after reaching the side. 5. The building main body includes a floor panel formed by attaching a floor material to an upper surface of a floor frame, and a wall panel formed by attaching a wall material to both the inside and outside of the wall frame. The space in the wall is a wall panel inner space partitioned by the wall frame and the inner and outer wall materials, and a contact portion between the inner or outer wall material and the wall frame. The solar system building according to claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, wherein a notch for ventilation is provided on the side of the wall frame so that the inner space of the wall panel is a permeable space. . 6. The wall frame set is configured by assembling an upper frame, a lower frame, and a vertical frame into a square, and the wall panel internal space includes the upper frame, the lower frame, the vertical frame, and the inner and outer frames. The solar system building according to claim 5, wherein the solar cell building is partitioned by a wall material, and the ventilation cutout is provided in the upper frame and / or the lower frame. 7. The wall panel is configured by attaching wall materials to both inner and outer surfaces of a wall frame in which an upper frame, a lower frame, and a vertical frame are assembled in a rectangular shape, and the inner space of the wall panel is formed by a plurality of vertical frames. In order to make each space between the vertical frames air-permeable, the upper frame and / or the lower frame and the portion for partitioning each space between the vertical frames are used for the ventilation. The solar system building according to claim 5, wherein a notch is provided. 8. The wall panel is configured by attaching wall materials to both inner and outer surfaces of a wall frame in which an upper frame, a lower frame, and a vertical frame are assembled in a rectangular shape, and the inner space of the wall panel is defined by a plurality of vertical frames. In order to connect a plurality of spaces between vertical frames, a notch for connection or a through hole for connection is provided also in a vertical frame separating the spaces between the plurality of vertical frames. The solar system building according to claim 5, wherein: 9. The floor panel is configured by attaching a floor panel to an upper surface of a floor frame in which a joist is formed in a square shape, and the wall panel is erected on an outermost joist of the floor panel. ,
The ventilation cutout or the ventilation through hole for communicating the space inside the wall panel and the space below the wall panel is provided in the outermost joist. , 6, 7 or 8 solar system building. 10. The solar cell module juxtaposed body is entirely or partially attached to the roof unit or the roof panel at a factory in advance.
The solar system building according to 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9. 11. The fan device for blowing air includes an outdoor discharge unit for discharging the air of the ventilation layer for cooling the solar cell module juxtaposition body to the outside, and a hut back introduction unit for guiding the air into the back of the hut. A switching damper for selectively setting a communication state or a cutoff state between the ventilation layer for cooling the solar cell module juxtaposed body and the outdoor discharge section or the back entrance of the hut. Claims 4, 5, 6, 7,
The solar system building according to 8, 9 or 10. 12. A heat storage material that is supplied with heat from air supplied through the space in the wall and that holds the supplied heat for a long time is laid in a predetermined area of the underfloor space. Claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
The solar system building according to 9, 10, or 11. 13. The solar system building according to claim 11, wherein a switch for controlling a switching damper of the blower fan device is added to the building body.