JPH10110937A - Powder particle distributor of coal gasification furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cause mixed gas always fluidized to be supplied into the gasification furnace even if a load in a coal gasification furnace is varied, further a stabled combustion to be attained and a high efficient gasification operation to be maintained by a method wherein a transferring tube nozzle can be moved in response to a height of a fluidized bed to a position where a superior fluidized state in the fluidized bed is attained. SOLUTION: Transporting gas 18 is supplied from a lower part to a coal fluidized bed 20 fed into a fine powder coal chamber, a position of a transporting tube nozzle 12 opened into the fluidized bed 20 at a powder particle distributor of a coal gasification furnace for feeding coal into the gasification furnace through a transporting tube nozzle 12 opened into the fluidized bed 20 can be moved in a vertical direction in response to the height of the fluidized bed 20. As means for allowing the position of the transporting tube nozzle 12 to be moved in a vertical direction in response to the height of the fluidized bed 20 and for allowing a position of the transporting tube nozzle 12 to be moved in a vertical direction in response to the height of the fluidized bed 20, there are provided a differential pressure meter 25 for detecting a differential pressure between an upper part and a lower part of the fluidized bed 20, and a driving device 23 for moving a position of the transporting tube nozzle 12 in a vertical direction in response to a differential pressure detected by the differential pressure meter 25.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a powder distributor for a coal gasifier applied to the distribution of coal, char, ash and the like in a coal gasifier.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 2 and 3 show coals of a coal gasifier,
It is explanatory drawing of the granular material distributor of the conventional coal gasifier used for distribution of char, ash, etc. In the figure, the particulate distributor of the present coal gasifier uses nitrogen as a carrier gas for pulverized coal.
Is a combustor, 3 is a reducer, 4 is a combustor burner,
5 is a reducer burner, 6 is a distributor for a combustor, 7 is a perforated plate, 8 is a pulverized coal chamber, 9 is a wind box, 10 is a combustor coal supply facility, 11 is a nitrogen supply facility, 12 is a conveying pipe nozzle,
13 is a transport pipe for a combustor, 14 is a distributor for a reducer,
15 is a reducer coal supply facility, 16 is a transport pipe for a reducer, 17 is coal for a combustor, 18 is nitrogen for transport, 19
Is a pore, 20 is a fluidized bed, 21 is a mixed gas, and 22 is coal for a reducer.

[0003] The gasifier 1 comprises a combustor 2, a reducer 3 and the like. The combustor 2 is provided with a plurality of combustor burners 4 for injecting fuel for performing high-temperature combustion in the gasifier 1. I have. The reducer 3 is provided with a plurality of reducer burners 5 for injecting coal for gasification. The inside of the combustor distributor 6 is divided by a perforated plate 7, an upper side is a pulverized coal chamber 8, and a lower side is a wind box 9.
The pulverized coal chamber 8 is connected to a combustor coal supply facility 10, and the wind box 9 is connected to a nitrogen supply facility 11. A plurality of conveying pipe nozzles 12 are arranged in the pulverized coal chamber 8, penetrate the wall surface of the combustor distributor 6, and are connected to the combustor burner 4 via a combustor conveying pipe 13.
The distributor 14 for the reducer has the same configuration as the distributor 6 for the combustor, and includes a perforated plate 7, a pulverized coal chamber 8, a wind box 9, a reducer coal supply facility 15, and the like. The burner is connected to the reducer burner 5 through the heater.

[0004] Combustor coal 17 supplied from the combustor coal supply facility 10 is supplied onto the perforated plate 7 of the combustor distributor 6. Further, the transfer nitrogen 18 supplied from the nitrogen supply facility 11 flows into the pulverized coal chamber 8 through the pores 19 of the perforated plate 7 via the wind box 9. The coal 17 for combustor is fluidized on the perforated plate 7 by the nitrogen 18 for conveyance to form a fluidized bed 20. Since the transport pipe nozzle 12 is disposed in the fluidized bed 20, the mixed gas 21 of the fluidized coal 17 for the combustor and the nitrogen 18 for transport is gasified from the combustor burner 4 through the transport pipe 13 for the combustor. It is injected into the furnace 1. In addition, the coal for reducer 22 supplied from the reducer coal supply facility 15 is fluidized in the same manner as the coal for combustor 17, and the transfer pipe 16 for reducer is supplied.
Is injected from the reducer burner 5 into the gasification furnace 1. Combustor coal 17 injected from combustor burner 4 performs high-temperature combustion with combustion air separately supplied in combustor 2, and supplies high-temperature combustion exhaust gas to reducer 3. The reducer coal 22 ejected from the reducer burner 5 is dry-distilled with the supplied high-temperature combustion exhaust gas to start gasification.

[0005] The purpose of transporting the pulverized coal with the inert gas nitrogen is to prevent troubles such as heat generation and ignition in each distributor and each transport pipe. However,
Nitrogen as an inert gas may be adversely affected by combustion and may reduce gasification efficiency. Therefore, the transfer nitrogen 18 supplied to each distributor is small, and the weight ratio (solid-gas ratio) between the pulverized coal and the transfer nitrogen 18 in each transfer pipe is a high concentration transfer of 10 to 30.

[0006]

When the load change operation of the gasification furnace 1 is performed in the above-described conventional powdery and granular material distributor of the gasification furnace, when the load changing operation of the gasification furnace 1 is performed, the coal 17 for the combustor to be supplied and the coal 17 for the reducer are supplied. 22 and the amount of nitrogen 18 for transfer are both changed, so that the height of the fluidized bed 20 in the distributors 6 and 14 for each combustor and the reducer also changes. Since the transfer tube nozzle 12 is fixed, the tip of the transfer tube nozzle 12 may be located at a position where the fluidized state of the fluidized bed 20 is good, but may not be located. The combustor burner 4 and the reducer burner 5 are made of pulverized coal uniformly fluidized by the gasifier 1.
Stable combustion can be obtained if it is supplied to the inside, but if the pulverized coal is poorly fluidized and has a concentration distribution, so-called breathing combustion occurs in which the ignition point of the burner flame is turned on or off, and stable high-temperature combustion Can not be obtained. Therefore, the gasification efficiency may be reduced. As described above, in the conventional powder distributor of the coal gasifier, when the load of the gasifier 1 is changed, it is difficult to supply the mixed gas 21 having a uniform concentration distribution,
There is concern about unstable combustion in the gasification furnace 1 and a decrease in gasification efficiency.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems with a powdery and granular material distributor for a coal gasifier.
Powder particles of a coal gasifier for supplying a carrier gas from below to a fluidized bed of coal charged into the pulverized coal chamber and charging coal into the gasifier via a transport pipe nozzle opening into the fluidized bed. The position of the transport pipe nozzle that opens into the fluidized bed in the distributor is provided so as to be vertically movable in accordance with the height of the fluidized bed. Thus, by making the position of the conveying pipe nozzle movable up and down according to the height of the fluidized bed,
According to the height of the fluidized bed, the transport pipe nozzle can be moved to a position where the fluidized state of the fluidized bed is good.

[0008] Further, a powder distributor of a coal gasifier according to the present invention is configured to supply a carrier gas from below to a fluidized bed of coal charged into a pulverized coal chamber, and to open the carrier pipe in the fluidized bed. The position of the conveying pipe nozzle opening in the fluidized bed in the powder and granular material distributor of a coal gasifier that feeds coal into the gasifier through a nozzle in the vertical direction according to the height of the fluidized bed A differential pressure gauge that detects the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the fluidized bed as a means that is provided movably and that enables the position of the transport pipe nozzle to be vertically movable in accordance with the height of the fluidized bed, A drive device for moving the position of the transport pipe nozzle in the vertical direction based on the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure gauge. In this way, a differential pressure gauge that measures the differential pressure between the upper and lower portions of the fluidized bed is installed so that the position of the conveying pipe nozzle can be moved up and down according to the height of the fluidized bed. The driving device can be driven based on the signal of (1) to control the vertical position of the conveying pipe nozzle, so that the conveying pipe nozzle can be moved in a good state according to the height of the fluidized bed. Can be moved to a position.

[0009]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a powder distributor of a coal gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the powder and granular material distributor of the coal gasifier according to the present embodiment is used for distributing coal, char, ash, etc. of the coal gasifier, and uses nitrogen as a carrier gas for pulverized coal. In the figure, reference numeral 7 denotes a perforated plate, 8 denotes a pulverized coal chamber, 9
Is a wind box, 12 is a transfer tube nozzle, 13 is a transfer tube for a combustor, 17 is coal for a combustor, 18 is nitrogen for transfer, 19
Is a pore, 20 is a fluidized bed, 21 is a mixed gas, 23 is a driving device, 24 is a flexible hose, 25 is a differential pressure gauge, and 26 is a converter.

The gasifier includes a combustor, a reducer, and the like, and the combustor is provided with a plurality of combustor burners for injecting fuel for performing high-temperature combustion in the gasifier. A plurality of reducer burners for injecting coal for gasification are installed in the reducer. The inside of the combustor distributor is divided by a perforated plate 7, an upper part is a pulverized coal chamber 8, and a lower part is a wind box 9. The pulverized coal chamber 8 is connected to a combustor coal supply facility, and the wind box 9 is connected to a nitrogen supply facility.

[0011] Combuster coal 17 supplied from the combustor coal supply facility is supplied onto the perforated plate 7 of the combustor distributor. Further, the transfer nitrogen 18 supplied from the nitrogen supply facility flows into the pulverized coal chamber 8 through the pores 19 of the perforated plate 7 via the wind box 9. The coal 17 for combustor is fluidized on the perforated plate 7 by the nitrogen 18 for conveyance to form a fluidized bed 20. The transport pipe nozzle 12 is provided in the fluidized bed 20.
Is placed, the fluidized coal for combustors 1
A gas mixture 21 of 7 and nitrogen 18 for transfer passes through a combustor transfer pipe 13 and is injected from a combustor burner into the gasification furnace. Further, the coal for the reducer supplied from the reducer coal supply facility is fluidized in the same manner as the coal for the combustor 17, and is injected from the reducer burner into the gasification furnace through the reducer transfer pipe. The combustor coal 17 injected from the combustor burner performs high-temperature combustion with combustion air separately supplied in the combustor, and supplies high-temperature combustion exhaust gas to the reducer. The coal for the reducer ejected from the reducer burner is dry-distilled with the supplied high-temperature combustion exhaust gas and gasification is started.

The purpose of transporting the pulverized coal with the inert gas nitrogen is to prevent troubles such as heat generation and ignition in each distributor and each transport pipe. However,
Nitrogen as an inert gas may be adversely affected by combustion and may reduce gasification efficiency. Therefore, the transfer nitrogen 18 supplied to each distributor is small, and the weight ratio (solid-gas ratio) between the pulverized coal and the transfer nitrogen 18 in each transfer pipe is a high concentration transfer of 10 to 30.

Both the distributor for the combustor and the distributor for the reducer (not shown) have the same structure. As shown in the drawing, the distributor for the combustor has a driving device 23, a flexible hose 24 and , A differential pressure gauge 25, a converter 26 and the like. For these combustors,
Conveying pipe nozzles 12 are attached to the distributor for the pulverized coal chamber 8 so as to be able to move up and down from the top of the pulverized coal chamber 8, and these conveying pipe nozzles 12 are connected to a driving device 23 and are connected via a flexible hose 24. It is connected to the transport pipe 13 for the combustor and the transport pipe for the reducer. Further, a differential pressure gauge 25 for measuring a differential pressure between the wind box 9 and the upper part of the pulverized coal chamber 8 is installed, and its signal is converted by a converter 26 and sent to a driving device 23 to operate the driving device 23. It has become. Differential pressure gauge 2 when gasifier load changes
5 detects the height of the fluidized bed 20 and sends a signal to a driving device 23, which drives the conveying pipe nozzle 12 in the vertical direction, and moves the conveying pipe nozzle 12 to an optimal position of the fluidized bed 20. The displacement of the transfer tube nozzle 12 is the flexible hose 2
Absorbed at 4. The main specifications of these distributors for combustors and distributors are as follows.

Coal supply amount: 2000 kg / h Coal amount to be conveyed; 100 kg / h Conveying pipe nozzle; 2 pieces Distributor shape: 150Φ × 800H Drive type; hydraulic cylinder method Thus, the present coal gasifier The pulverized material distributor has a structure in which the conveying pipe nozzle 12 is inserted downward from above the pulverized coal chamber 8 and can be moved up and down by providing a driving device 23. And pulverized coal room 8
By installing a differential pressure gauge 25 for measuring the differential pressure with the upper part and driving the driving device 23 based on the signal of the differential pressure gauge 25, the position of the conveying pipe nozzle 12 can be controlled in the vertical direction. And fluidized bed 2 by differential pressure gauge 25
The height of the gasification furnace is detected and the driving device 23 is operated based on the detected signal to move the position of the conveying pipe nozzle 12 in the vertical direction. The leading end of the transfer tube nozzle 12 is located at a stable position in the inside of the inside 20 where the flow state is good.

[0015] In a conventional powdery and granular material distributor of a gasifier,
When the load change operation of the gasifier is performed, the amount of coal for the combustor and the amount of coal for the reductor, the amount of nitrogen for the transfer, etc. are changed together. Also changes in height. Since the transfer tube nozzle is fixed, the tip of the transfer tube nozzle may be located at a position where the fluidized state of the fluidized bed is good, but may not be located. Combustor burners and reducer burners can provide stable combustion if uniformly pulverized pulverized coal is supplied into the gasifier. So-called breathing combustion that separates occurs, and stable high-temperature combustion cannot be obtained. Therefore, the gasification efficiency may be reduced. As described above, in the conventional powder distributor of a coal gasifier, when the load of the gasifier is changed, it is difficult to supply a gaseous mixture having a uniform concentration distribution, and combustion in the gasifier is unstable. Although there is a concern that the gasification efficiency may be lowered, in the coal granulator of the present coal gasifier, the conveying pipe nozzle 12 is inserted downward from the upper part of the pulverized coal chamber 8, and a driving device 23 is provided to convey the gas. The pipe nozzle 12 is moved up and down, and a differential pressure gauge 25 for measuring a differential pressure between the wind box 9 below the pulverized coal chamber 8 and the upper part of the pulverized coal chamber 8 is installed. 23 can be controlled to control the vertical position of the conveying pipe nozzle 12, and even if the load of the gasification furnace changes, the conveying pipe nozzle 12 is moved according to the height of the fluidized bed 20. By moving the fluidized bed 20 to a position where the fluidized state is good, , Mixed gas 21 always uniformly fluidized obtain combustion stably supplied to the gasification furnace, the gasification highly efficient operation is maintained.

[0016]

The powder distributor of the coal gasifier according to the present invention is constituted as described above, and the conveying pipe nozzle is positioned at a position where the fluidized bed is in a good flow state according to the height of the fluidized bed. Even if the load on the coal gasifier changes, the gaseous mixture that has been fluidized uniformly is always supplied into the gasifier to ensure stable combustion, and highly efficient gasification operation is possible. Will be maintained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a sectional view of a granular material distributor of a coal gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1A. It is sectional drawing.

FIG. 2 is a flow system diagram of a conventional coal gasifier.

FIG. 3 (a) is a cross-sectional view of a conventional powder distributor of a coal gasifier, and FIG. 3 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 3 (a).

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 7 perforated plate 8 pulverized coal chamber 9 wind box 12 transfer pipe nozzle 13 transfer pipe for combustor 17 coal for combustor 18 transfer nitrogen 19 pore 20 fluidized bed 21 mixed gas 23 drive unit 24 flexible hose 25 differential pressure gauge 26 converter

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code FI B65G 65/40 B65G 65/40 D F23C 11/02 309 F23C 11/02 309

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. Coal gasification in which a carrier gas is supplied from below to a fluidized bed of coal charged into a pulverized coal chamber, and coal is introduced into a gasification furnace through a carrier pipe nozzle opened in the fluidized bed. In a powder and granular material distributor of a furnace, a coal gasification furnace characterized in that a position of the transport pipe nozzle opening into the fluidized bed is provided so as to be vertically movable in accordance with the height of the fluidized bed. Granule distributor. 2. A differential pressure gauge for detecting a differential pressure between an upper part and a lower part of the fluidized bed as means for vertically moving the position of the conveying pipe nozzle in accordance with the height of the fluidized bed;
2. A powder distributing apparatus for a coal gasifier according to claim 1, further comprising: a driving device for moving a position of the conveying pipe nozzle in a vertical direction based on the differential pressure detected by the differential pressure gauge. vessel.