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JPH0377256A - Low pressure discharge lamp - Google Patents

Low pressure discharge lamp

Info

Publication number
JPH0377256A
JPH0377256A JP21291889A JP21291889A JPH0377256A JP H0377256 A JPH0377256 A JP H0377256A JP 21291889 A JP21291889 A JP 21291889A JP 21291889 A JP21291889 A JP 21291889A JP H0377256 A JPH0377256 A JP H0377256A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
pellets
pressure discharge
discharge lamp
low
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP21291889A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2858803B2 (en
Inventor
Hiromitsu Matsuno
博光 松野
Takao Shimizu
隆夫 清水
Katsuyuki Hosoya
細谷 勝幸
Soichiro Ogawa
小川 壮一郎
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to JP21291889A priority Critical patent/JP2858803B2/en
Publication of JPH0377256A publication Critical patent/JPH0377256A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP2858803B2 publication Critical patent/JP2858803B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To simplify the structure of the end part of a tube and improve the efficiency and lengthen the service life of the title lamp by using a cold cathode having a prescribed structure and setting the pressure of the gas for discharging to be a prescribed value. CONSTITUTION:One electrode 1, 2 is installed in each of both ends of a linear discharge container 4 so as to simplify the end part structure. The electrodes 1, 2 are cold cathodes having pellets of mercury alloys 13, 13' with whose opposing recessed part 12 a zirconium-containing getter material is mixed and the pellets are set to oppose each other in 0.2-1.0mm distance or to oppose each other while shifted slightly from each other. A gas for discharge consists of mainly a rate gas and the pressure is set to be 280-2000Torr/atomic weight. The outer surface of the cold cathode is coated with a material 15, 15' such as graphite having emissivity >=0.5.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 【産業上の利用分野】 本発明は、低圧放電灯に係り、特にバックライト用蛍光
ランプのような細径の低圧放電灯に関する。 〔従来の技術〕 熱陰極放電灯および冷陰極放電灯については、照明学会
側の照明ハンドブック(昭和53年5月。 オーム社)の第759頁から第760頁に記載されてい
る。また、熱陰極形の蛍光灯については、同じ文献の第
160頁に記載されている。また。 熱陰極の構造については、照明学会側のライティングハ
ンドブック(昭和62年11月、オーム社)の第121
頁に記載されている。 〔発明が解決しようとするS題〕 上記従来の熱陰極形低圧放電灯においては、電極を通電
によって加熱するために、11個の電極の両端に接続さ
れた2本のリード線が必要であり。 放電管の管端の構造が複雑になるという欠点があった。 特に、放電容器の寸法が小さい場合には。 上記の欠点は致命的であった。また、冷陰極形低圧放電
灯は、リード線は電極1個につき1本であるが、陰極降
下電圧が高く、したがって効率が低いという欠点があっ
た。さらに、放電′#、流が10mA以上においては、
寿命も短いという欠点があった・ 本発明の目的は、管端部の構造が単純で、高効率で、長
寿命である低圧放電灯を提供することである。 〔課題を解決するための手段〕 上記目的は、少なくとも金属板の凹みに水銀合金を装着
してなるペレット二個を凹みが対向するように設置して
なる事を特徴とするいわゆる冷陰極を設けることによっ
て達成される。さらに、上記ぺ1ノット間の距離d l
J< 0 、2田から1.0圃の間にすることによりよ
り高効率、長寿命が得られ、前記ペレットの外表面の少
なくとも一部に放射率が0.5以上である物質を塗布す
ることによりさらに長寿命かが達成され、上記目的はよ
りいっそう達成される。 〔作出〕 少なくとも金属板の凹みに水銀合金を装着してなるペレ
ット二個を凹みが対向するように設置した構造を特徴と
する電極を一対もうけると、グローが前記ペレットの凹
み間に作られた隙間にはいり、いわゆるホロー陰極効果
によって陰極降下電圧が低ドし、陰極損失が低下するの
で、高効率の上圧放電灯が得られる。上記ペレット間の
距fidが0.2m未満においてはすきまの部分の電圧
降ドが大きくなって効率が低ドし、1.0mm を越え
ると、水銀と合金を形成する金属がスパッターリングに
よって飛散するが、この金属がペレット間のすきまをと
うりぬけてランプの管壁に付着し再び水銀と合金を形成
するため、水銀が蒸発しなくなり寿命となる。すなわち
、上記ペレット間の距fidを0.2m+から王、O+
nwの間にすることによりより高効率、長寿命が得られ
る。更に、前記ペレットを形成する金属板の外表面の少
なくとも一部の放射率を0.5 以上にすると前記金ノ
^C板からの熱の放射が大きくなって、前記金属板の温
度が低ドし、陰極降ドが存在するペレット間の希ガスの
密度が大きくなり、従って陰極から飛散した電極物質が
陰極に押し戻されるため、陰極の損耗が少なくなって長
寿命電極が得られる。また、前記水銀合金にジルコニウ
ムを含むゲッターを混合すると、ジルコニウムの仕事関
数が比較的小さく、かつジルコニウムが不純ガスを吸収
するので^効率。 長寿命が得られる。 上記の効果は、放電用ガスの主成分を希ガスとし、希ガ
スの原子量をMとするどきrorrで表した・希ガスの
圧力が280/M以上で2000/M以下にすることに
より、よりいっそう達成される。 〔実施例〕 第1図に1本発明の第1の実施例を示す。その内面に蛍
光膜3が設けられた直管状の放電容器4の両端に、′#
i極電極2が封入されており、陰極1゜2はそれぞれ1
本のリード線5,6に接続されている。リード線が1本
なので、放電管の管端の構造が単純になり、製造が簡単
であるという利点が生じる。管端の構造が単純であるど
う利点は、放電管の内径が8開以下の場合に、その効果
が大になる。 第1図の実施例に使用した電極の縦断面図および水銀合
金を含んだペレットの正面図を、それぞれ第2図および
第3図に示す。幅3IIi11の鉄−ニッケル合金から
なる金属板11に設けられた凹み12内に水銀合金’1
”iaHg13  が保持されている。電極は、水銀合
金を保持している二つのペレットの接合部14を折り曲
げ、水銀合金を保持する凹みが対向するようにして形成
される。ペレット間の距離dは、金属板11.11’の
曲間の距#idで定義し、この実施例では0.5m に
保持されている。また、金属板11,11.’の外側に
放射率が0.8であるグラファイト15,15’が塗布
されでいる。 放電管工の内向の少なくとも一部に、蛍光体3が塗布さ
れている。蛍光体塗布膜3が存在する場合には、*極1
,2を抽入する際に電極1.2が蛍光体膜3に接触し蛍
光体が脱飴したり、管端の黒化がより目だつので、一つ
の電極に1本のリード線を設けた方式が、特に有利にな
る。 第1I5!Iにおいて、放電管4を内径5.7田、長さ
270mのソーダガラス管とし、内面に蛍光体3として
希土類蛍光体YzOa:Eu、MgA Qtxozs:
Ce、’I’b、3S r3(P 04)z ・CaC
Q 2の混合物を塗布した。放電用ガスは、10Tor
rのアルゴンと水銀蒸気である。水銀は、ペレットを高
周波加熱によって900℃にすることによって発生させ
た。 上記の本発明の低圧放電灯を30kHz、20mAの放
電電流で点灯したところ、陰極降ド電圧は、dが0.1
mの場合より20%低トし、高効率蛍光ランプが得られ
た。また、水銀と合金を形成する金属がスパッターリン
グによって飛散するが、ペレット間のすきまが小さいの
で、外部にでてくる量が少なく、管壁への付着量が少な
く、更に、前記ペレットを形成する金属板の外表面の放
射率を0.8 にしたので金属板からの熱の放射が大き
くなって、前記金属板の温度が低トし、陰極降下が存在
するペレット間の希ガスの密度が大きくなり、従って陰
極から飛散した電極物質が陰極に押し戻されるため、陰
極の損耗が少なくなり。 以上の二つの効果から長寿命蛍光ランプが得られた。 第二の実施例は、第4図に示した如く、第一の実施例の
電極において二つのペレット間のi¥[dを実質的にO
rmにし、且つ、二つのペレットをずらして対向させて
放電は開口部20をとうして行ない、更に、水銀合金1
3.13’にジルコニウム、アルミニウムからなるゲッ
ターを混合したものである。更に、金属板11.11’
の外向にコージェライト(2Mg0・2AlxOa・5
SiOユ)の粉末21.21’ を水ガラスをバインダ
ーにして塗布したものである。通常の鉄−ニッケル合金
の波長数μm〜数十μmにおける放射率が0.3以下で
あるのに対して、コージェライト21゜21′の放射率
は0.8 程度はあるので、熱の放射が大きく、金属板
の温度が低下し、電極が長寿命になった。また、コージ
ェライト、水ガラスは電気絶縁物であるので、放電始動
時にグローは確実に二つの凹みの間に入り、安定な放電
が得られた。 水銀合金にジルコニウムを含むゲッターを混合したので
、ジルコニウムの仕事関数が比較的小さく、かつジルコ
ニウムが不純ガスを吸収するので高効率、長寿命が得ら
れた。更に、この実施例では、ペレット間の距離を調整
する必要がないので、ランプの製造が簡単になるという
利点が生じる6〔発明の効果〕 本発明によれば、寿命が長く、かつ高効率である低圧放
電灯が得られる。また、単純な管端構造の低圧放電灯が
得られ、製造方法が簡単になるという利点が生じる。
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to a low-pressure discharge lamp, and particularly to a small-diameter low-pressure discharge lamp such as a fluorescent lamp for a backlight. [Prior Art] Hot cathode discharge lamps and cold cathode discharge lamps are described on pages 759 to 760 of the Illumination Handbook of the Illumination Institute of Japan (May 1978, Ohmsha). Further, hot cathode type fluorescent lamps are described on page 160 of the same document. Also. Regarding the structure of the hot cathode, see No. 121 of the Lighting Handbook (November 1988, Ohmsha) by the Illuminating Society of Japan.
It is written on the page. [Problem S to be solved by the invention] In the above-mentioned conventional hot cathode low pressure discharge lamp, two lead wires connected to both ends of the 11 electrodes are required in order to heat the electrodes by energizing them. . The disadvantage is that the structure of the end of the discharge tube becomes complicated. Especially if the dimensions of the discharge vessel are small. The above drawbacks were fatal. Further, cold cathode low pressure discharge lamps have one lead wire for each electrode, but have the disadvantage of high cathode drop voltage and therefore low efficiency. Furthermore, when the discharge and current are 10 mA or more,
It also has the disadvantage of a short lifespan.An object of the present invention is to provide a low-pressure discharge lamp that has a simple structure at the tube end, is highly efficient, and has a long lifespan. [Means for Solving the Problem] The above object is to provide a so-called cold cathode characterized by at least two pellets made of a mercury alloy attached to the recesses of a metal plate and installed so that the recesses face each other. This is achieved by Furthermore, the distance between the above knots d l
J < 0, between 2 and 1.0 fields, higher efficiency and longer life can be obtained, and at least a part of the outer surface of the pellet is coated with a substance having an emissivity of 0.5 or more. As a result, a longer service life is achieved, and the above objectives are further achieved. [Creation] When a pair of electrodes is created, which is characterized by a structure in which two pellets made of at least a mercury alloy are attached to the recesses of a metal plate are installed so that the recesses face each other, a glow is created between the recesses of the pellets. When it enters the gap, the so-called hollow cathode effect lowers the cathode drop voltage and cathode loss, resulting in a highly efficient top pressure discharge lamp. If the distance fid between the pellets is less than 0.2 m, the voltage drop in the gap increases and the efficiency decreases, and if it exceeds 1.0 mm, the metal that forms an alloy with mercury will be scattered by sputtering. However, this metal passes through the gaps between the pellets and adheres to the tube wall of the lamp, again forming an alloy with mercury, so the mercury no longer evaporates and the lamp's life is over. That is, the distance fid between the pellets is changed from 0.2m+ to O+
By setting it between nw, higher efficiency and longer life can be obtained. Furthermore, if the emissivity of at least a part of the outer surface of the metal plate forming the pellet is set to 0.5 or more, the radiation of heat from the metal plate increases, and the temperature of the metal plate becomes low. However, the density of the rare gas between the pellets where cathode precipitation is present is increased, and therefore the electrode material scattered from the cathode is pushed back to the cathode, reducing wear on the cathode and providing a long-life electrode. In addition, when a getter containing zirconium is mixed with the mercury alloy, the work function of zirconium is relatively small, and zirconium absorbs impurity gas, resulting in improved efficiency. Long lifespan can be obtained. The above effects can be improved by using a rare gas as the main component of the discharge gas, and by setting the pressure of the rare gas to 280/M or more and 2000/M or less, expressed in rorr, where the atomic weight of the rare gas is M. more accomplished. [Embodiment] FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention. '#
An i-electrode 2 is enclosed, and each cathode 1゜2 is 1
It is connected to the lead wires 5 and 6 of the book. Since there is only one lead wire, the structure of the tube end of the discharge tube is simple, and there is an advantage that manufacturing is simple. The advantage of having a simple structure at the tube end becomes greater when the inner diameter of the discharge tube is 8 mm or less. A longitudinal cross-sectional view of the electrode used in the example of FIG. 1 and a front view of the pellet containing the mercury alloy are shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, respectively. A mercury alloy '1 is placed in a recess 12 provided in a metal plate 11 made of an iron-nickel alloy with a width of 3IIi11.
"iaHg13" is held.The electrode is formed by bending the joint 14 of two pellets holding the mercury alloy so that the recesses holding the mercury alloy face each other.The distance d between the pellets is , is defined by the distance #id between the curves of the metal plates 11, 11', and is held at 0.5 m in this example. Also, there is a distance #id between the curves of the metal plates 11, 11.', which has an emissivity of 0.8. Some graphite 15, 15' is coated. Phosphor 3 is coated on at least a part of the inward side of the discharge pipework. When the phosphor coated film 3 is present, *pole 1
, 2, electrodes 1 and 2 come into contact with the phosphor film 3, causing the phosphor to be decanted and blackening of the tube end to be more noticeable, so one lead wire was provided for each electrode. The method is particularly advantageous. 1st I5! In I, the discharge tube 4 is a soda glass tube with an inner diameter of 5.7 m and a length of 270 m, and the inner surface is coated with rare earth phosphors YzOa:Eu, MgA Qtxozs: as the phosphor 3.
Ce, 'I'b, 3S r3(P 04)z ・CaC
The mixture of Q2 was applied. The discharge gas is 10 Tor
r argon and mercury vapor. Mercury was generated by heating the pellets to 900°C by high frequency heating. When the above low pressure discharge lamp of the present invention was lit at 30kHz and a discharge current of 20mA, the cathode drop voltage was d=0.1.
A high-efficiency fluorescent lamp was obtained, which was 20% lower than in the case of m. In addition, metals that form alloys with mercury are scattered by sputtering, but since the gaps between the pellets are small, the amount that comes out is small, and the amount that adheres to the tube wall is small. Since the emissivity of the outer surface of the metal plate is set to 0.8, the radiation of heat from the metal plate increases, the temperature of the metal plate decreases, and the density of the rare gas between the pellets where cathode fall exists increases. Therefore, the electrode material scattered from the cathode is pushed back to the cathode, resulting in less wear and tear on the cathode. A long-life fluorescent lamp was obtained from the above two effects. The second embodiment, as shown in FIG.
rm, the two pellets are shifted to face each other, the discharge is performed through the opening 20, and the mercury alloy 1
A getter made of zirconium and aluminum is mixed with 3.13'. Furthermore, metal plate 11.11'
Cordierite (2Mg0・2AlxOa・5
21.21' powder of SiO (SiO) was applied using water glass as a binder. While the emissivity of ordinary iron-nickel alloys at wavelengths of several μm to several tens of μm is less than 0.3, the emissivity of cordierite 21°21' is around 0.8, which means that heat radiation is large, the temperature of the metal plate is lowered, and the electrode has a longer life. Furthermore, since cordierite and water glass are electrical insulators, the glow reliably entered between the two depressions when starting the discharge, resulting in a stable discharge. Since a getter containing zirconium was mixed into the mercury alloy, the work function of zirconium was relatively small, and zirconium absorbed impurity gases, resulting in high efficiency and long life. Furthermore, in this embodiment, there is no need to adjust the distance between the pellets, so there is an advantage that the manufacturing of the lamp is simplified. A certain low pressure discharge lamp is obtained. In addition, a low-pressure discharge lamp with a simple tube end structure can be obtained, which has the advantage of simplifying the manufacturing method.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第(図は本発明の一実施例の断面図、第2図および第4
図は本発明の実施例の電極の縦断面図、第3図は水銀合
金を保持しているペレットの正曲図である。 1.2・・・電極、11.11’・・・金属板、13゜
13′・・・水銀合金、15・・・グラファイト、21
・・・奉 l 目 、556 ソートR4 亭 図 /1 /1 金歪坂 /4 便合部
Figures 2 and 4 are cross-sectional views of one embodiment of the present invention.
The figure is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is an orthogonal view of a pellet holding a mercury alloy. 1.2... Electrode, 11.11'... Metal plate, 13°13'... Mercury alloy, 15... Graphite, 21
...Bou1, 556 Sort R4 Teizu/1 /1 Kinsuizaka/4 Convenience section

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 1、少なくとも金属板の凹みに水銀合金を装着してなる
ペレット二個を凹みが対向するように設置してなる電極
を有することを特徴とした低圧放電灯。 2、上記水銀合金に少なくともジルコニウムを含んだゲ
ッター物質を混合したことを特徴とする特許請求の範囲
第1項記載の低圧放電灯。 3、上記ペレット間の距離dが0.2mmから1.0m
mの間にあることを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項あ
るいは第2項記載の低圧放電灯。 4、上記二つのペレットの凹みをずらして対向させたこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項から第3項までの
いずれか1つの項に記載の低圧放電灯。 5、放電用ガスの主成分を希ガスとし、希ガスの原子量
をMとするときTorrで表した希ガスの圧力が280
/M以上で2000/M以下であることを特徴とする特
許請求の範囲第1項から第4項までのいずれか1つの項
に記載の低圧放電灯。 6、前記金属板の外表面の少なくとも一部に放射率が0
.5以上である物質を塗布したことを特徴とする特許請
求の範囲第1項から第5項までのいずれか1つの項に記
載の低圧放電灯。
[Scope of Claims] 1. A low-pressure discharge lamp characterized in that it has an electrode formed by installing at least two pellets of mercury alloy in the recesses of a metal plate so that the recesses face each other. 2. The low-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1, wherein the mercury alloy is mixed with a getter material containing at least zirconium. 3. The distance d between the pellets is 0.2 mm to 1.0 m.
The low-pressure discharge lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the lamp is between m. 4. The low-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the recesses of the two pellets are shifted and opposed to each other. 5. When the main component of the discharge gas is a rare gas and the atomic weight of the rare gas is M, the pressure of the rare gas expressed in Torr is 280
The low-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it is greater than or equal to /M and less than or equal to 2000/M. 6. At least a portion of the outer surface of the metal plate has an emissivity of 0.
.. 5. The low-pressure discharge lamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the lamp is coated with a substance having a concentration of 5 or more.
JP21291889A 1989-08-21 1989-08-21 Low pressure discharge lamp Expired - Lifetime JP2858803B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21291889A JP2858803B2 (en) 1989-08-21 1989-08-21 Low pressure discharge lamp

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP21291889A JP2858803B2 (en) 1989-08-21 1989-08-21 Low pressure discharge lamp

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH0377256A true JPH0377256A (en) 1991-04-02
JP2858803B2 JP2858803B2 (en) 1999-02-17

Family

ID=16630440

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP21291889A Expired - Lifetime JP2858803B2 (en) 1989-08-21 1989-08-21 Low pressure discharge lamp

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP2858803B2 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0878829A2 (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-18 Osram Sylvania Inc. Discharge lamp electrode
EP2017877A3 (en) * 2007-07-20 2010-01-06 Osram Gesellschaft mit Beschränkter Haftung Carrying element with a material containing mercury attached to it for supplying a discharge lamp, production method for the same and discharge lamp with such a carrying element

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1291974B1 (en) 1997-05-22 1999-01-25 Getters Spa DEVICE AND METHOD FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF SMALL QUANTITIES OF MERCURY IN FLUORESCENT LAMPS

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0878829A2 (en) * 1997-05-16 1998-11-18 Osram Sylvania Inc. Discharge lamp electrode
EP0878829A3 (en) * 1997-05-16 1999-03-17 Osram Sylvania Inc. Discharge lamp electrode
EP2017877A3 (en) * 2007-07-20 2010-01-06 Osram Gesellschaft mit Beschränkter Haftung Carrying element with a material containing mercury attached to it for supplying a discharge lamp, production method for the same and discharge lamp with such a carrying element

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