JPH0360633A - Ophthalmologic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a possibility of photographing and measurement without mistiming while observation is made into details by displaying the synthesized image obtained through electric synthetization of reflex images of different parts of an eye inspected and the reflex image of any arbitrary part of the same eye while they are changed over from one to the other. CONSTITUTION:A light source 13 is lighted up, and light flux cast on a photographing element 14 is entered into a TV camera 15, and the front eye image A is observed on a TV monitor 17. Otherwise, another light source 1 is lighted, and the eye ground reflex image B is observed on the TV monitor 17. Or otherwise, the light sources 13 and 1 are lighted alternately, and the light flux projected onto the photographing element 14 is entered into the TV camera 15 followed by processing by an image synthesizing means 16, and thereupon the front eye part A and the eye bottom reflex image B are observed on the TV monitor 17 simultaneously. The type of observation to be done is selectable by a person inspected who shall change over a changeover switch. The light sources 1, 13 emit different wave lengths, and photo-dividing members 7, 11 allow the light flux from the light source 1 to reflect and the light flux from the one 13 to penetrate. A stop 8 has six openings on the optical axis P2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an ophthalmological apparatus having a positioning observation system such as an eye refraction system or a fundus camera used in, for example, an eye clinic.

[Prior Art] Conventionally, an ophthalmologist displays an anterior segment image and a fundus image or a fundus reflection image on a television monitor such as a CRT in order to timely image and measure the subject's eye after 7 alignments. There are devices that optically combine and display the anterior segment image and fundus image or fundus reflection image, and devices that display either the anterior segment image, the fundus image, or the fundus reflection image by switching the optical system. What is displayed is known.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in the above-mentioned conventional ophthalmological apparatus, since the images of the front part image and the fundus image or the fundus reflection image are small when they are optically combined, the 18 parts are It is difficult to observe on a television monitor, and systems that switch optical systems have the disadvantage that the timing of imaging or measurement may be missed during switching due to the movement of the eyeballs.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks of the conventional example, and to display more detailed images by switching between a composite image obtained by electrically synthesizing reflection images of each part of the eye to be examined and a reflection image of an arbitrary part. An object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus that can perform imaging and measurement without missing the timing while observing the subject.

[Means for Solving the Problems] In order to achieve the above object, the ophthalmological apparatus according to the present invention includes an illumination optical system that illuminates a plurality of parts of the eye to be examined, and a a light-receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the parts; an image-synthesizing means that electrically combines reflected images of a plurality of parts received by the light-receiving optical system; The apparatus is characterized in that it has an output means for switching and outputting a reflected image of the part.

[Operation] The ophthalmological apparatus having the above configuration illuminates each part of the subject's eye, receives reflected images, and switches between a composite image obtained by electrically combining these reflected images and a reflected image of an arbitrary part. and output it.

[Example] The present invention will be explained in detail based on illustrated embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment in which the present invention is applied to an eye refractometer. On the optical axis PI of the light source 1 for measuring the refractive value of the eye E, there are lenses 2, 2, Center aperture 3
, perforated mirror 4. Mirror 5, lens 6, light splitting member 7
is provided.

A diaphragm 8 having six apertures, a lens 9, a wedge prism 10, and a light splitting member 11 are provided on the optical axis P2 in the reflection direction of the perforated mirror 4, and the light on the optical axis P3 of the eye E to be examined is A lens 12 is provided between the splitting member 7 and the light splitting member 11, and a light source 13 for observing the anterior segment Ef is provided near the light splitting member 7. Light splitting member 11 on optical axis P3
A television camera 15 having an image pickup device 14 is provided behind the camera 15, and the output of the television camera 15 is connected to an image composition means 16 and a television monitor 17 having the same number of pixels as the image pickup device 14. is TV monitor 17
It is connected to the. The light source 1 and the light source 13 emit different wavelengths, and the light splitting member 7 and the light splitting member 11 reflect the light beam from the light source 1, but have a light splitting characteristic in which the light beam from the light source 13 is transmitted. There is. In addition, the light source 1 is the eye to be examined E.
The light source 13 is located at the fundus Er, the light source 13 is located at the anterior segment Ef, and the image sensor 14 is located at the anterior segment Ef.
are provided conjugately on both the cornea Ec and the fundus Er.

FIG. 2 shows an electric circuit configuration diagram of the synthesis circuit 16, in which the output of the television camera 15 is connected to the AD converter 18,
The output of the D converter 18 is connected to a frame memory 19 for the anterior segment image and a frame memory 20 for the fundus reflection image, and each output of the frame memory 19 and 20 is connected to the DA converter 21. The output of is connected to a television monitor 17. Further, a control circuit 22 is provided in the frame memory 19 and the frame memory 20.
The output of this control circuit 22 is also connected to the television camera 15.

The light beam emitted from the light source 13 is reflected by the anterior segment Ef of the eye E, passes through the light splitting member 7, passes through the lens 12, and then
The light passes through the light splitting member 11 and is projected onto the image sensor 14 . In addition, the light flux emitted from the light source 1 is transmitted through the lens 2 and the central aperture diaphragm 3.
, is deflected by the mirror 5 via the perforated mirror 4, is reflected by the light splitting member 7 via the lens 6, and is reflected by the fundus E of the eye E to be examined.
After being reflected by r, the light returns along the same optical axis P1, is reflected by the perforated mirror 4, becomes six light beams at the aperture 8, passes through the lens 9, and is separated from the optical axis P2 by the wedge prism 10.
The light is reflected by the light splitting member 11 and projected onto the image sensor 14 .

The light source 13 is turned on and the light beam projected onto the image sensor 14 is inputted as an electrical signal to the television camera 15, and the anterior segment image A is observed on the television monitor 17 as shown in FIG. Alternatively, you can turn on the light source 1 and turn on the TV monitor 17 in the same way.
Observe the fundus reflection image B as shown in FIG. 4 above. Alternatively, the light source 13 and the light source 1 may be turned on alternately to illuminate the image sensor 1.
TV camera 1 uses the light flux projected onto 4 as an electrical signal.
5 and processed by the image synthesizing means 16, the anterior segment image A and the fundus reflection image B are simultaneously observed on a television monitor 17 as shown in FIG. Which of these observations should you make?
The examiner can select by switching a changeover switch (not shown).

When measuring a refractive value, first change the changeover switch and align the eye E while observing only the anterior eye image A on the TV monitor 17. When the general positioning is complete, turn the changeover switch. While simultaneously observing the anterior segment image A and the fundus reflection image B on the television monitor 17, a refractive value measurement is carried out by pressing a measurement switch (not shown) at a suitable time for measurement. Note that, if necessary, the changeover switch may be changed to observe only the fundus reflection image.

The compositing process in the image compositing means 16 will be described next. This compositing process is performed by the control circuit 22,
By controlling the television monitor 17, frame memory 19, and frame memory 20, the light source 13 and the light source 1 are alternately time-divided at time intervals TO to project a reflected image onto the image sensor 14, and the image on the image sensor 14 is horizontally scan the image from left to right with the television camera 15, move the horizontal scanning line from top to bottom, output the pixel level of the image as a pixel signal by this horizontal scanning, and output it digitally with the AD converter 18. After converting into values, the pixel signals of the anterior segment image A are stored in the frame memory 19.
The pixel signals of the fundus reflection image B are written separately in the frame memory 20.The total number of scanning lines obtained by the television camera 154 of the image on the image sensor 14 is NL, and the number of pixels included in one horizontal scanning line is If ME number, image sensor 1
The image above 4 is composed of NLXNE pixels, and the horizontal scanning lines are arranged in order from the top to 1, 2, .・・◆、N
L.

From the left, pixels on one horizontal scanning line are 1.2, . . .
, NE, the horizontal scan is from the 1st to the MLth horizontal scan line, with pixels 1.2 of each horizontal scan line.
, . . . are performed in the order of ME.

As shown in FIG. 5(a), the output signals from the AD converter 18 are digitized anterior segment image A and fundus reflection image B.
The pixel signal of A is synchronized with the lighting of the light sources 1 and 13.
The D converter 18 outputs the signals for each image, and when looking at the signals for each image, the signals of the first to MLth horizontal scanning lines are output in the order of 1.2, . . . NL. FIG. 5(b) shows, as an example, the signal portion of the Ni-th horizontal scanning line of the pixel signal of the anterior segment image A in FIG. 5(a) expanded in the time axis direction, and the signal of each horizontal scanning line is Then, the signals from the first to the NEth pixel are 1.2. ..., are output in the order of NE.

In this way, the AD converter 18 outputs the pixel signal of the anterior segment image A or the fundus reflection image B at the time interval TO, so the pixel signal is written in the frame memory 19 or the frame memory 20, and the new image is transferred to the image sensor. Every time a new pixel signal projected onto pixel signal 14 is output from AD converter 18, frame memory 19 or frame memory 20 corresponding to the pixel signal is rewritten with the new pixel signal.

This is shown in the frame memory 19. in FIG. 5(C). As shown in the storage state of the frame memory 20, the pixel signals of the oldest horizontal scanning line are stored in the frame memory 1 in the order of l, 2, . . . , ME from the first pixel to the ME-th pixel.
9 is written.

For example, in order to simultaneously observe the anterior segment image A and the fundus reflection image B on the television monitor 17 as shown in FIG. The image sensor 14 and the television monitor 17 have the same number of pixels, so the anterior segment image A and the fundus reflection image written in the frame memo 19 and the frame memory 20 are read out to create a composite pixel signal. Synthesis is performed using pixels that are half the number of pixels in each of B. Since the rough positioning has been completed in advance and the anterior eye segment Ef has been projected onto the center of the image sensor 14, the anterior eye segment Pixel values only at the center of image A and fundus reflection image B are used. Therefore, from the (ME/4)th to (3/NE/4-1)th of all horizontal scanning lines of the anterior segment image A and the fundus reflection image B,
A composite image of NLXNE pixels in total is created using only the levels of (NLX ME/ 2 ) pixels of the )-th pixel.

As shown in FIG. 5(d), an image of this image synthesis means is shown, for example, the NO-th horizontal scan! ! To create a multiplied signal, first, the NOth horizontal scanning line of the anterior segment image A (ME/
4) by outputting the pixel values from the (3◆ME/4-1)th pixel, and then outputting the pixel values of the corresponding pixels of the same horizontal scanning line of the fundus reflection image B.
A pixel signal of the NO-th scanning line of the composite image is created. In this way, frame memory 19 and frame memory 2
The pixel levels are read from both sides of o, the pixel signals from the first to the MLth horizontal scanning line are synthesized and output, and the synthesized pixel signal is converted into an analog quantity by the DA converter 21, and then the control circuit 22 Output to.

Note that writing and reading of this pixel signal are as follows.

Since the control circuit 22 can perform the operations completely independently and asynchronously, the frame memory 19 and the frame memory 20
Even while reading out pixel signals from the camera, pixel signals newly captured by the image sensor 14 can be written into the frame memory 19 and the frame memory 2o, and the states of the anterior segment and fundus reflex can be constantly grasped.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, all the pixels of the television monitor 17 are divided into two to simultaneously observe the anterior segment image A and the fundus reflection image B, but the division ratio can be changed as shown in FIG. It can also be made easier for the examiner to observe. This can be easily accomplished by simply changing the control operation of the control circuit 22 and changing the method of synthesizing one pixel signal. Further, in the above-described embodiment, the anterior segment image A and the fundus reflection image B are projected onto the single image sensor 14, and the pixel signals from the television camera 15 are time-divided. It is distinguished whether the image is an anterior segment image A or a fundus reflection image B, but the image sensor 1
4 and two television cameras 15 are provided to project the anterior segment image A and the fundus reflection image B onto separate image sensors 14, respectively, and output a pixel signal from the television camera 15. Alternatively, a composite image may be obtained.

As another example, if the ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention is applied to a fundus camera and the same compositing process as in the above embodiment is performed, an anterior segment image A and a fundus image C will be created as shown in FIG. The composite image can be output on the television monitor 17 at the same time, and the fundus can also be imaged at an opportune time.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, the ophthalmological apparatus according to the present invention can switch between and output a composite image obtained by electrically synthesizing reflected images of various parts of the subject's eye and these images. For example, you can first output the anterior eye segment image and perform rough alignment while observing it, then switch to output a composite image and observe the details of the eye to be examined, allowing imaging and measurement to be performed at a convenient time. Therefore, even if the eyeball moves, imaging and measurement can be performed without missing the timing.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings show an embodiment of the ophthalmological apparatus according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram, FIG. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of an image synthesizing means, FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an anterior segment image on a monitor, and FIG. The figure is an explanatory diagram of the fundus reflection image on the monitor, Figure 5 is an explanatory diagram of the image synthesis means, and Figure 6 is an explanatory diagram of the fundus reflection image on the monitor.
7 are explanatory diagrams of a composite image on a monitor according to another embodiment. Reference numeral 1.13 is a light source, 14 is an image sensor, 15 is a television camera, 16 is an image composition means, 17 is a monitor, and 18 is an A/
D converter, 19.20 is frame memory, 21 is D
/A converter, 22 is a control circuit, and A is an anterior segment image. B is a fundus reflex image, and C is a fundus image.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An illumination optical system that illuminates multiple parts of the eye to be examined; a light receiving optical system that receives reflected light from the parts illuminated by the illumination optical system; An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: an image synthesis means for electrically synthesizing reflected images; and an output means for switching and outputting the synthesized image synthesized by the image synthesis means and a reflection image of an arbitrary region.