JPH03100286A - Locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To quickly, simply and economically perform operation in switching a new or existing device of a lock device by providing an energy source with a key, and providing a code evaluating device and a release device in a lock cylinder. CONSTITUTION: This lock unit includes at least one key 10, a lock having an electronic lock component, and a lock cylinder 12. The electronic lock device includes a code transmitter provided in the lock, a code evaluating device 16 provided in the lock unit, a release device 18 and an energy source and an energy supply circuit between the key 10 and the lock unit. The energy source is provided in the key 10 and the code evaluating device 16 is provided together with the release device 18 in the lock cylinder 12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a locking device with an electronic locking component.

(Prior Art) Locking devices in large buildings, such as apartment complexes, schools, public buildings, or factories, are usually ranked according to a certain security system and therefore use specific keys. keys can only unlock individual locks, whereas keys at higher levels in the system can also match different locks, and the highest level common key can unlock all locks. Persons entering or exiting the building are given keys according to their level within the system, which corresponds to the authority granted to them for access to specific rooms.

If a key at a higher level is lost, all locks at that level must be replaced for security reasons.

For example, if the common key were to be lost, the loss would be enormous.

Particularly for areas where safety is important, access checking devices with card systems are also known, which use electronic mechanisms. Those authorized to enter or exit insert their card into the slit, which is immediately electronically read and evaluated, and if authorization to enter or exit is confirmed, the appropriate door is automatically opened.

Such access checking devices are expensive to set up, but if an individual card is lost, the device simply erases the authority of this card without compromising its other safety features. It has the advantage of being able to continue to be used after that.

A locking device that combines a mechanical code card and an electronic code card can reduce installation costs compared to a card-type access control device and increase the security of a lock device that uses a purely mechanical code card. be. Such locking devices are available, for example, from Bauer
Kaba 5icereitsteehuik G+
mbH&Co, l [Listed in the catalog of Company G.

In this system, only the door of the particularly safety-critical room is equipped with a lock that evaluates the code electronically, whereas in other rooms an inexpensive mechanical cylinder lock is used, in this case a purely mechanical lock. Can be used with keys that only work. In this case, if the key provided for entering and exiting a room important for safety is lost, the code corresponding to this lock will be erased, and the locking devices for other rooms will be used as usual. I can do it.

This known system has a code transmitter inside the key.
The lock unit formed by the lock and the lock cylinder has a code evaluation device with a lock release device.

The energy source is in each case located in the lock unit and supplies electrical energy to the code transmitter in the key when the key is inserted into the lock. The power supply in this case is carried out either by current, inductive or capacitive, or also by infrared radiation.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) In a door equipped with such an electronic lock unit, the existing insertion type lock must be completely replaced with an electronic lock. The cost in this case is relatively high, although the number is smaller than in the case of installing the above-mentioned entry/exit check device having a card reader. Additional electrical wiring to the door is required when the electronic components in the lock unit are powered by a power supply. Such wiring is not necessary when using a battery, but the battery must be replaced at the correct time to prevent the lock from becoming inoperable due to exhaustion of the battery.

The underlying proposition of the invention is to improve the locking device in such a way that the installation of a new locking device or the replacement of an existing locking device is quick, simple and economical.

(Means for solving the problem) This proposition is achieved by using the structure described in claim 1 in a locking device.

That is, the lock device of the present invention has a lock unit with a lock and a lock cylinder with at least one key and an electronic lock component, and the electronic lock device includes a code transmitter and a lock unit provided in the lock. a code evaluation device and a release device provided therein, as well as an energy source and an energy supply circuit between the key and the lock unit, the energy source being in the key;
The code evaluation device is also installed in the lock cylinder together with the release device.

The locking device of the present invention can also have the following configuration.

The release device includes a mechanical flip-flop that can be actuated electromagnetically.

A mechanical flip-flop is formed by a holder in the form of a latch, which releases the bolt which may slide against the force of the spring when attracted by the electromagnet.

The spring is fixedly in contact with the electromagnet at one end, is supported by the bolt at the center, and has a stop surface for the key handle at the free end, and this surface provides a release force when the key is inserted. to work on the bolt.

The latch is mounted below the vertically mounted electromagnet and is supported for sliding movement about a horizontal axis.

The release device has an electromagnet, which can be energized in the event of a match between the codes of the key and the lock cylinder through a capacitor located in the lock cylinder and capable of being charged by an energy source located in the key. I can do it.

The energy supply circuit for one polarity is formed by the key handle with the lock cylinder, and for the other polarity by the terminal contacts of the key handle and the central contact of the lock cylinder, in particular the stop surface of the spring.

The energy supply circuit is formed by a contact at the base of the key handle and a contact in the lock cylinder which matches this in the inserted state.

A six-key key with a contact cover that can be slid when the key is inserted into the lock cylinder is provided with a manual key, which is placed in the loop of the energy supply circuit.

The key includes a timer circuit, which discharges charging current to the charge capacitor for only a short period of time.

A timer circuit can be connected to the code evaluation device via a feedback circuit and can be initialized only when the codes match.

A code generator includes a code memory, a controller circuit for the formation of a code word, and a data transmitter.

A code evaluation device includes a data receiver, a code memory and a controller circuit for codeword comparison and is connected to a control input of the cancellation device.

A code evaluation device is additionally provided in the feedback circuit, a data transmitter controlled by the controller circuit, and the code transmitter includes a data receiver connected to the controller circuit, and thereby the code A match signal can be transmitted to the code originating controller circuit and serves to initialize the timer circuit.

Energy supply circuits are also used for data transmission.

Keys and lock cylinders can additionally be mechanically coded.

In the case of a locking device with an electronic locking component, the key includes a code transmitter, and the locking unit with the lock and the locking cylinder includes a code evaluation device and a release device.

In the known system, the code transmitter and the code evaluation device as well as the energy source necessary for the activation of the release device are provided in the locking unit. Conversion of existing systems to such electronic locking devices is cumbersome and requires considerable cost, since the entire locking unit has to be replaced. If a power source is used, a power supply circuit must be provided, or if a battery is used, a problem arises in replacing the battery at the correct time before it is exhausted.

The invention solves this case by providing the energy source in the key and the code evaluation device and the release device in the lock cylinder. This makes it possible to provide a lock cylinder that has the size of a normal lock cylinder and that can be replaced without having to replace the entire lock with an existing lock cylinder.

An important aspect of the invention is that the energy source is located in the key rather than in the lock unit. When the energy source in the key is exhausted, there is still a means of opening the lock with another key, so it is not completely unusable. Furthermore, it is not necessary to replace the self-sufficient energy source provided in the locking unit or to install a corresponding energy supply circuit in the locking unit. At the same time, the space required is reduced due to the elimination of such energy sources.
A code evaluation device with a lock release device can therefore be installed in the lock cylinder.

When used in place of an existing lock unit, only a lock cylinder is required and there is no need to replace the entire insertion type lock.

In another form, the unlocking device uses a mechanical flip-flop that can be operated electromagnetically.

This makes it possible to significantly reduce the electrical energy required at the moment of locking, so that the service life of the energy source provided in the key is particularly increased.

The actual design of the mechanical flip 70 knob uses a magnetic armature core that forms a latch, and which, when attracted by an electromagnet, releases a bolt that can be used against the force of a spring.

The latch is only briefly attracted with this design, and the previously clamped bolt against the force of the spring retracts at this time and allows the lock cylinder insert to rotate. - When de-suctioned, the latch is then released from the ball shoe again and, when the opening movement is finished and the key is removed, can return to its original position as soon as the bolt reaches its final position again under the force of the spring.

Another form of this design is that the spring contacts the fixed position at one end, is supported by the bolt at its central portion, and at its free end supports a stop surface against the handle of the key, and this surface supports the bolt when the key is inserted. Apply force to remove it.

The same spring is therefore pre-clamped in such a way that the bolt is subjected to a force in the opening direction by the pre-clamping force of the key, and when the key is removed the clamping force is released again, thereby imparting a force to the bolt in the closing direction.

To further simplify the above, the latch is mounted below a vertically oriented electromagnet and is supported for swinging about a horizontal axis.

As a result, the latch returns to its initial position and settles behind the bolt without additional spring force after the suction pulse has disappeared, ie solely under the influence of gravity.

In the actual design of the invention, an electromagnet is used in the unlocking device, and this electromagnet is installed in the lock cylinder and has a capacity that can be charged by an energy source in the key to connect the code between the key and the lock cylinder. If they match, a current can be applied.

This makes it possible to supply the short energy pulses necessary for reliable suction of the latch even in the case of high internal resistance on the side of the key. As a result, for example, a button battery is used as an energy source in the key, so the size of such a key is not much different from a normal mechanical key.

In a further form of the invention, the energy supply circuit for one pole is provided by means of the lock cylinder and the key handle, and for the other pole by a terminal contact of the key handle and a central contact of the support surface of the lock cylinder, in particular the spring. It is formed by

In this version, the contacts located in the lock cylinder are extremely safe against damage and dirt. Furthermore, the stress of the spring, when configured as a support surface on the spring, serves to ensure contact and to mechanically clean the contacts. Contact resistance, which would normally impair functionality at low service voltages, can be avoided in this way. Additionally, the placement of the contacts on the key also increases the safety against short circuits when the key is carried around with other keys. This is because the key terminal cannot come into contact with anyone else.

In another design of the power supply circuit, the contacts are provided on the one hand at the base of the key handle, and on the lock cylinder the contacts are provided in a position that coincides with the contacts on the key when the key is inserted.

This allows a plurality of contacts to be provided on the key handle, which contact the corresponding contacts on the lock cylinder virtually simultaneously, thereby making it possible to transfer energy. In this way, the safety level of preventing short circuits will be increased.
This is because with this design, the discharge of the energy source on the key side will only occur when all contacts are overbridged simultaneously.

An additional measure to increase the reliability of short-circuit prevention consists in having a contact cover that can be slid when the key is inserted into the lock cylinder.

Since this contact cover is normally placed over the contacts, even if the corresponding key comes into contact with another key when carried around in a key ring, the corresponding contact will not overbridge to the energy supply circuit. Furthermore, it is also possible to provide the lock with a manual key and to introduce it into the energy supply circuit to form a loop.

This also avoids unnecessary discharge of energy on the key side when the contacts are accidentally overbridged.

An advantageous design for improved safety against short circuits and a means of protecting the battery from inadvertent discharge is provided by a solution that includes a timer circuit in the lock that allows the charging current for the charge capacitor only for a short time. In another version of this design, the timer circuit can be connected by a feedback circuit to the code evaluation device in the key and is only allowed to initialize in case of a code match.

In this case, the electrical current required to activate the unlocking device is drawn from the energy source on the side of the key only when the key is inserted into the lock cylinder and the opening of the lock is verified.

Embodiments of the code transmitter include a code memory, a controller circuit for generating the need word, and a data transmitter, and embodiments of the code evaluation device include a data receiver, a code memory and a control input of the unlocking device. A connected controller circuit for codeword comparison is included.

In this configuration, the key and the lock cylinder of the lock device use some common elements, and this makes it possible to reduce costs in mass production, but on the other hand, the stored contents of the code memory are different. It's nothing more than that. By changing the program in the code memory using a programming device, it is possible to easily change the qualified persons who can be released.

This is because they can pre-assign keys with different regime levels or, for lock cylinders, erase the code of individual keys or accept other keys. be.

In another embodiment, the code evaluation device additionally comprises a data transmitter arranged in the feedback circuit and controlled by the controller circuit, and the code transmitter comprises a data receiver connected to the controller circuit. It is possible to include This allows a code match signal to be transmitted to the controller circuit on the code transmitter side and serves for initializing the timer circuit.

This measure makes it possible to check the validity of the lock cylinder until it is released using the dialog method, which increases safety against misuse, and at the same time reduces the load on the energy source on the key side to open the lock. This is done only when there is validity.

In the case of an actual design, the energy supply circuit may also be used for data transmission.

This actually results in two circuits, one of which is specifically formed by the key handle. The mechanical construction is significantly simplified compared to designs with multiple circuits, and the mechanical robustness of the key handle is also ensured. Furthermore, keys and lock cylinders can be provided with additional mechanical coding. On the one hand, this increases security to prevent misuse, and on the other hand, the same key can also be used in purely mechanical lock cylinders.

Further developments and advantageous designs of the invention can be seen from the claims, the following description and the figures showing exemplary embodiments of the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In FIG. 1 a lock cylinder 12 is shown, which does not differ from conventional mechanical lock cylinders with respect to its external design and its size. It can therefore be attached to the first lock cylinder in a conventional mechanical lock.

The left part of the figure can be provided with a vertical locking pin, and this can allow normal mechanical coding. In the lower part, a code evaluation device 16 is provided together with a release device 8. This release device serves to interlock the rotating insert 66 of the lock cylinder 12.

The release device 18 is shown in detail in FIG. Included therein is a mechanical flip-flop 26, which consists of a slidable bolt 34, a spring 32, an electromagnet 30 and a latch 28. Bolt 34's long sleeve is the same as 6
2 and which is in the casing 64 of the lock cylinder and also in the rotatable part 66, and in the interlocked state they fit into each other so that the lock cylinder 12 There is a form-locking moving connection between the casing 64 and the rotating part 66.

Spring 32 is stationary at one end with electromagnet 301. : They are in contact with each other and are supported by a bolt 34 at the central portion. At its free end, the spring 32 has a stop surface 35 into which the handle of the key 10, partially shown here, is inserted. key handle 38
applies a release force to the bolt 34 in this manner. When the key 1G is withdrawn, the bolt 34 is urged to the left against its stop by the spring 32 and provides an inch-lock between the rotating part 66 and the casing 64 of the lock cylinder 12 as described above.

When the key 1O is inserted, the spring 32 is attached to the handle 38 of the key.
is compressed by contact with the stop surface 36, which causes a force to act in the opposite direction, i.e. to the right.

The sliding distance of the bolt 34 is however blocked by a latch 28, which in this case is arranged vertically below the electromagnet 30 and is supported in a slidable manner about a horizontal axis. There is. The latch 28 then returns to its original state under the action of gravity.

If the force of inserting the key 10 activates the electromagnet 30 and this is done by the code evaluation device 16 in the case of a code match, the latch 28 will detect that it is
gnetanker), it is temporarily attracted to the electromagnet 30 and opens the sliding path of the bolt 34.

The latch 28 rests on the leg of the bolt 34 after the current pulse in the electromagnet 30 dissipates, causing the latch 28 to fall. At this time, however, the bolt 34 is in the right end position and fits only into the portion of the longitudinal groove 62 that lies within the casing 64 of the lock cylinder 12. The geometrically locking connection between the casing 64 and the rotary part 66 is thus broken, and the lock can be opened by rotation of the rotatable part by the key lO.

FIG. 2 further shows energy supply circuits 22 and 24.
is shown, and thereby the electrical energy for operating the electromagnet 3o is transmitted from an energy source provided in the key to the code evaluation device 16 as well as to the release device 18. In this case, the energy supply circuit 22 is formed by the key handle and the casing 64 of the lock cylinder 12, and the other circuit is formed by the central contact 42 at the end of the key handle 38 as well as the stop face 36 and the spring 32. From here, the usual wiring circuit extends to the code evaluation device 16 as well as to the electromagnet 3o.

Energy supply circuits 22 and 24 are used simultaneously in the embodiment for data transmission.

FIG. 3 shows a top view of the key 10 of the locking device according to the invention. The key lO has a conventional grip part 7o, in which a code transmitter 14 and an energy source 20 are provided. 68 has a nameplate fitted outside of it to display the key number. The handle 7o has a key handle 38, which in this case has the design of an iron claw with a conventional mechanical cord. At the front end of the key handle 38 there is a contact 42 which forms one part of the energy supply circuit 22.24, while the other part is represented by the other key handle 38.

With this design, the key 10 can, in addition to its use in locking devices such as the type according to the invention, also be used in conventional locks which function exclusively as part of a locking device using only a cord. Also, in the case of locking devices with electronic locking components of the lock cylinder, additional mechanical coding increases security to prevent misuse.

FIG. 4 shows a circuit diagram of a code evaluation device 16 installed in the lock cylinder 12. The code evaluation device 16 includes a data receiver 52, a code memory 54 and a controller circuit 56 for comparing the codes. Furthermore, a charge capacitor 40 is provided, which is connected to the release device 18.
supply energy for.

The electrical energy for supplying power to the electronic circuit and for charging the charge capacitor 40 via the input of the circuit, which is mechanically formed by the spring 32 and the stop surface 36, is also transferred to the data emitted by the code transmitter 14. The data in the form also reaches the data receiver 52. The code word received therefrom is sent to a controller circuit 56 and this circuit performs a comparison with a seed word stored in code memory 54.

In this case, the code memory 54 has one or more codes of code No. 1. In the event of a coincidence, a control signal is sent on the one hand to the release device 18, which here includes a switch transistor 72 and an electromagnet 3.
0 coils are shown.

Data transmitter 58 also transmits a code match signal back to code transmitter 14.

If the codes match, then charge capacitor 40
is charged through diode 74 and the stored charge is released through circuit transistor 32 (Freigab
e) is transmitted as a current pulse to the coil of the electromagnet. Next, the short-time latch 2 described in the explanation of FIG.
The bolt 34 is released so that suction of 8 occurs.

The diode 74 together with the charge capacitor 40 is used as a filter for the supply voltage of the electronic unit, so that these functions are not impaired by the current flowing through the coil of the electromagnet 30.

FIG. 5 shows the circuit arrangement of the code transmitter 14 in the key 10. The code transmitter 14 includes a code memory 46, a controller circuit 4g for the formation of the code word, and a data transmitter SO. Further energy iFt 30
．． A data receiver 60 as well as a timer circuit 44 are provided.

One or more code numbers can be used in the code memory 46 of the code transmitter 14 if the key allows the use of multiple locks, for example to lower regime levels. The stored code is transmitted from the controller circuit 48 via the data transmitter 50 to the code evaluation device 16 of the lock cylinder 12. This transmission takes place in this case by the energy supply circuits 22 and 24 and is shown in this case as the output of the contact 42 at the end of the key handle 38.

The code transmitter 14 is powered from a battery-based energy source 20 via resistors 76 and 78. In this case, the resistor 76 is a preresistor for the energy supply of the code evaluation device 16.
It also forms.

The code match signal provided by the code evaluation device 16 passes through the data receiver 60 to the controller circuit 48 and causes the controller circuit 48 to initialize the timer circuit 44. This timer circuit then energizes switch transistor 80 for a limited period of time so that charge current can flow entirely from energy source 20 to charge capacitor 40 to overbridge preresistor 76. After the charging operation is completed, timer circuit 44 locks switch transistor 80 again.

Each time the charge capacitor 40 is charged, the operation described in connection with FIG. 4 is carried out, and at this time a current flows through the electromagnet coil for a short time. The code transmitter 14 and the code evaluation device 16 therefore perform a dialogue with mutual data transmission, which increases the certainty of identification and makes it difficult to release the locking device by mistake.

Furthermore, in principle, the charge capacitor 40 is not charged each time the key 10 contacts the lock cylinder 12 (rather, the charge capacitor 40 is charged only when the matching of the codes is confirmed and the energy required to actually send current to the electromagnet 30 is used). limited to when needed.

Furthermore, charge capacitor 40 is already partially charged via resistors 76 and 78 before switching transistor 80 is energized. If this amount of charge is found to be sufficient for the function of electromagnet 30, energization of switch transistor 80 will not be necessary, thereby unloading the key energy source.

In the described embodiments, the charge capacitor 4
However, if the capacity of the energy source 20 provided in the key is sufficiently large, the present invention can in principle be implemented without using such a charge capacitor. be. In the first operating phase, when the code correspondence is checked, the load on the energy source ZO is minimal, since the electronic circuit requires very little current.

It is only necessary to activate the electromagnet 30 when the codes match, and in this case the switch transistor is energized only for a short time. In some cases, the capacitor 40 may not be necessary since an energy source of sufficient capacity may have a large load for a short period of time to provide energy to the electromagnet 30 to maintain a long life. Even in this case, the principle of the present invention does not change.

Finally, it should be pointed out that the code memory 46.54 can of course be reprogrammed in a manner known per se by means of a programming device to arbitrarily change the legal usage of a certain key.

4. Notes: Figure 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a cylinder lock of a locking device according to the present invention, Figure 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the incised part in Figure 1, and Figure 3 is a perspective view of a cylinder lock according to the present invention. 4 is a circuit diagram of the code evaluation device installed in the lock cylinder, and FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the code transmitter installed in the key.

10...Key, 12...Lock cylinder, ■4...
Code transmitter, 16... Code evaluation device, 18...
Release device, 28... Latch, 30... Electromagnet, 34
... Volt, 46... Code memory, 48... Controller circuit, 50... Data transmitter, 52...
Data receiver, 54... code memory, 56... controller circuit.

that's all

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A lock unit comprising a lock and a lock cylinder with at least one key and an electronic lock component, and an electronic lock device is provided in the lock with a code transmitter and in the lock unit. a code evaluation device and a release device provided in the key, an energy source and an energy supply circuit between the key and the lock unit, the energy source being provided in the key and the code evaluation device together with the release device in the lock cylinder; locking device. 2. The locking device of claim 1, wherein the release device includes a mechanical flip-flop that can be actuated electromagnetically. 3. A mechanical flip-flop is formed by a holder in the form of a latch, which releases a bolt that may slide against the force of a spring when attracted by an electromagnet. The locking device according to claim 2. 4. The spring is fixedly in contact with the electromagnet at one end, is supported by the bolt at the center, and has a stopper surface for the key handle at the free end, and this surface stops when the key is inserted. 4. The locking device according to claim 3, wherein the releasing force is applied to the bolt. 5. A locking device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the latch is mounted below a vertically mounted electromagnet and is supported for sliding movement about a horizontal axis. 6. The release device has an electromagnet, which is energized in the event of a match between the codes of the key and the lock cylinder through a capacitor located in the lock cylinder and capable of being charged by an energy source located in the key. The locking device according to any one or more of claims 1 to 5, wherein the locking device is capable of: 7. Claim in which the energy supply circuit for one polarity is formed by a key handle with a lock cylinder and that for the other polarity by a contact at the end of the key handle and a central contact of the lock cylinder, in particular by a stop face of the spring. 1 to 6
A locking device according to any one or more of the following items. 8. A lock according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, wherein the energy supply circuit is formed by a contact at the base of the handle of the key and a contact in the lock cylinder which aligns with this in the inserted state. Device. 9. The locking device according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising a contact cover which can be slid when the key is inserted into the lock cylinder. 10. Locking device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the key comprises a manual key, which is placed in the loop of the energy supply circuit. 11. The locking device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the key is provided with a timer circuit, which releases the charging current to the charging capacitor only for a short period of time. 12. The lock device according to claim 11, wherein the timer circuit can be connected to the code evaluation device via a feedback circuit and can be initialized only when the codes match. 13. Locking device according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, wherein the code generator includes a code memory, a controller circuit for the formation of the code word and a data transmitter. 14. According to one or more of claims 1 to 12, wherein the code evaluation device includes a data receiver, a code memory and a controller circuit for codeword comparison and is connected to a control input of the cancellation device. Locking device as described. 15. A code evaluation device is additionally provided in the feedback circuit, a data transmitter controlled by the controller circuit, and the code transmitter includes a data receiver connected to the controller circuit; 15. Locking device according to one or more of claims 12 to 14, in which a code match signal can be transmitted to the controller circuit of the code source and which serves for initializing the timer circuit. 16. A locking device according to any one or more of claims 1 to 15, wherein the energy supply circuit is also used for data transmission. 17. A locking device according to any one or more of claims 1 to 16, wherein the key and the lock cylinder are additionally capable of mechanical coding.