JPH02223995A - Electronic musical instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To select a data format matching timbre and to easily obtain improved sound quality by converting data which is read out of a waveform data storage device by a data format converting circuit corresponding to a musical sound generator. CONSTITUTION:The musical instrument is equipped with a data format converting circuit 15 which converts the data format of desired waveform data read out of the waveform data storage device 40 and this data format converting circuit 15 converts the data read out of the data storage device 40 corresponding to a musical sound generator. Further, even if the waveform data is in different data format like linear bits, the data is converted into, for example, linear representation. For the conversion, the data format conversion control signal WFS from a state memory 13 is used and conversion is performed by musical tone generator. Consequently, a multiplying circuit which adds an envelope to the output value of the data format converting circuit 15 is easily constituted.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to an electronic musical instrument that can convert data read from a waveform data storage device in accordance with a musical tone generator.

[Prior Art] As an electronic musical instrument, it is well known that data of different waveforms corresponding to timbre and tone range (pitch) are stored in a storage device and read out by giving a readout address to each musical tone generator. ing. FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a conventional electronic musical instrument. In FIG. 8, 1 is a key switch and a tone selection switch, 2 is an assignment circuit for the switch, 3 is an execution control circuit, 4 is a waveform data storage device, 5 is a bank memory, 6 is a frequency number circuit, and 7 is a frequency number 8 is an envelope waveform circuit, 9 is a multiplication circuit, and 10 is an acoustic circuit.

The key switch and tone switch l are a group of switches that select the position of the key played by the performer and the selected tone, and the assignment circuit 2 electrically scans the switch 1 of the switch group and selects the switch according to the open/closed state. Assign the information internally. Then, it is sent to the execution control circuit 3 as key information and tone color information. The execution control circuit 3 has a built-in central processing unit, and generates a waveform data storage device based on the key information and timbre information. The waveform data storage device 4 performs processing such as generating an address for reading out waveform data from the waveform data storage device 4 as described later, and stores different waveform data in different locations corresponding to the timbre and tone range (pitch). I'll leave it there. That is, the waveform data storage device 4 is configured with a plurality of banks (N ranges), and, for example, the timbre and tone range (range)
and banks are made to correspond. In order to generate the corresponding musical tone, a bank is specified using the bank memory 5.

Next, a read address range corresponding to the key information is specified by the frequency number circuit 6 and the frequency number accumulating means 7. The bank memory 5 stores waveform data in the waveform data storage device 4 according to the address determined by the frequency number circuit 6 and the frequency number accumulating means 7.
Read out. An envelope is added to the read waveform data by a multiplier circuit 9 based on the output of an envelope waveform circuit 8, and digital-to-analog conversion is performed by an acoustic circuit 10 to obtain a musical tone signal.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] All of the waveform data storage devices 4 have the same data format. Therefore, depending on the desired tone, the bit length of the waveform data may be small (some may be fine, and depending on the range, the bit length of the waveform data may be small).Furthermore, waveform data formats include linear expression, exponential expression, and differential data. In this way, when waveform data of various formats are mixed and stored in the waveform data storage device 4, when the envelope waveform is processed after being read from the waveform data storage device 4, the system uses a circuit There were some expression formats that could not be converted into waveforms due to equipment limitations.

An object of the present invention is to improve the above-mentioned drawbacks, to store waveform data in an optimal format for timbre and tone range (pitch) in a waveform data storage device, and to transfer the data format to a musical tone generator after reading it from the waveform data storage device. The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument that can be converted and processed.

[Means for Solving the Problems] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the basic configuration of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 3 is an execution control circuit, 40 is a waveform data storage device,
6 is a frequency number circuit, 7 is a frequency number accumulating means, 1
3 is a state memory, and 15 is a data format conversion circuit.

A keyboard with multiple keys, multiple tone selection switches that set desired tones, a control circuit that sends out various control signals according to the key and tone information obtained by scanning them, and a control circuit that sends out various control signals according to the key and tone information obtained by scanning them. a frequency number circuit that stores frequency numbers corresponding to musical tone generators; and an accumulating means that accumulates output values of the frequency number circuit to generate an address according to key information; The present invention is an electronic musical instrument that reads out data stored in a waveform data storage device in advance according to an address corresponding to the address and generates a desired musical tone using a plurality of musical tone generators.The present invention has the following configuration. That is, it is equipped with a data format conversion circuit 15 that converts the data format of desired waveform data read out from the waveform data storage device, and the data format conversion circuit converts the data read out from the waveform data storage device into a tone generator. It is constructed by converting the

Further, in the present invention, the electronic musical instrument is configured to include a decimal point position conversion circuit, an address control circuit, a data format conversion circuit, and a state memory.

[Operation] The waveform data storage device 40 in FIG. 1 stores in advance a large amount of waveform data in a format corresponding to, for example, tone color and tone range (pitch). A frequency number is obtained in a frequency number circuit 6 based on the key information, timbre information, etc. obtained from the execution control circuit 3, and is accumulated by a frequency number accumulating means 7 to form a predetermined successive address range. Next, the output value of the accumulating means 7 is read out from the waveform data storage device 4o.

The read waveform data is applied to the data format conversion circuit 15. Even if the waveform data is in different data formats, such as when it is linear 16 bits, or when linear 16 bits and exponentially expressed data are mixed, it is converted into linearly expressed data, for example.

It is preferable to obtain a data format conversion control signal (WFS) from the state memory 13 for each tone generator so that the conversion is performed for each tone generator. Therefore, the configuration of the multiplication circuit that adds an envelope to the output value of the data format conversion circuit 15 may be simple.

Further, according to the present invention, the number of bits of the read address for the waveform data storage device can be easily changed by the decimal point position conversion circuit. Furthermore, even if the waveform data storage device uses a mixture of memory formats such as dynamic RAM and static RAM, this can be easily handled by obtaining an address corresponding to the memory format using the address conversion circuit.

[Embodiment] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a specific configuration of the data format conversion circuit 15 shown in FIG. 1 as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2A
In the figure, 15-1 is a data selector, and 15-2 is an inverter. Signal W applied to data selector 15-1
The FS switches between leaving the input data as is and converting it into converted output data. That is, W.F.
When S="L", input data MD15-0 becomes output data WD15-0 as is (linear 16 bits become linear 16 bits as they are). Also, when WFS="H", waveform data MD15-8 becomes output data WD15-0. In the original linear 8-bit data, MD7~0 was undefined data, so MD15~8 outputs it as the upper bit, and the lower MD7~0 bits use MDI5 as the sign bit, which is used as the sign bit for all the lower bits. Bit.

FIG. 2B shows the internal configuration circuit for one bit of the data converter. That is, the circuit can be constructed by combining a known AND circuit and an OR circuit.

Next, FIG. 3 shows another circuit example of the data format conversion circuit 15 shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 3, 15-3 is a data selector, 15-4 is an inverter, and 15-5 is a converter to linear expression. W
According to ``L'' and ``H'' of the FS, data in an exponential expression of M×21 is obtained from the output of the data converter 15-3 as unified data.

Next, Y15 is converted into linear representation by converter 15-5.
If the data of ~0 is expressed as M15~0, then Y19~16
The data of M15-0 is shifted as shown in FIG. 4 according to the value of the exponent part P expressed by . That is, linear representation data is obtained.

The signal WFS in the above description is predetermined for each musical tone generator and is stored in a state memory, read and applied to the data format converter. Or, store the state memory in a way that corresponds to the timbre or range (pitch).
It can also be read out and applied to a data format converter.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the addition of a configuration for controlling the address from which the waveform data storage device is read. In FIG. 5, 5 is a bank memory, 11 is a decimal point position conversion circuit, 12 is an address control circuit, 13 is a state memory, 14 is a frequency number adjustment circuit, 15 is a data format converter, and 40 is a waveform data storage device. .

The bank memory 5 stores codes specifying bank areas corresponding to each musical tone generator. Therefore, the stored data is read out and the area stored in the waveform data storage device 40 is specified.

The state memory 13 receives an information signal (F
S), an information signal (MS) for changing the number of address bits according to the address format of the memory included in the waveform data storage device, and a musical waveform by changing the waveform data according to the format of the waveform data in the same memory. Each musical tone generator has an information signal (WFS) for controlling the input as data. FIG. 6 shows an example of the configuration of one word of the state memory 13, in which each of the information signals WFs-F
S is stored in bits 0 to 3, and the 4th and subsequent bits store data for controlling other parts (not shown). This state memory decodes the key information and timbre information sent from the execution control circuit 3 shown as a conventional technique using an address decoder.
A word at a predetermined position is read and output according to the address.

It is also possible to use range information instead of the key information and to group several keys as information.

Next, the frequency number adjustment circuit 14
The frequency number obtained in step 1 is adjusted before being supplied to accumulating means 7. That is, even if a data selector as shown in 15-1 in FIG. 2A is used to change the frequency number bit string in accordance with the information FS and the size of one bank area of the waveform data storage device 40, the frequency remains the same. Adjust to read the waveform. The accumulating means 7 is composed of an adder and an accumulating buffer as is well known, and accumulates frequency numbers for each musical tone generator in a time-division manner, and outputs the adder as an address for reading the waveform data storage device. Obtain an integer value and a decimal value (fraction of the accumulation result).

The decimal point position conversion circuit 11 uses information F to determine which position of the bit string is to be set as the decimal point regarding the output of the accumulating means 7.
A read address for the waveform data storage device 4 is output after the bank code is added to the upper part. At that time, 15- in FIG. 2A is used as a data selector.
Use something like the one shown in 1. For example, l bank is 64
In the waveform data storage device 40, which has a total of 256 word banks, when FS is "L", it is used as is, but when FS is "H", it is shifted by 4 bits and one bank is made up of 1M words. control to make it the same. If the information FS is stored in the state memory 13 for each musical tone generator, it is possible to read out waveforms that use a large amount of memory space and waveforms that do not use a large amount of memory space for each musical tone generator.

The address control circuit 12 is a circuit for controlling read addresses based on information MS when the memory constituting the waveform data storage device 40 is of various types such as ROM and D-RAM. Data selector 1 shown in
The configuration is as shown in 5-1. 6 dynamic RAMs that multiplex row and column addresses
When there are two types of memory, 4-word and 256-word, and two types of memory, ROM and 5-RAM, for a total of four types, the memory can be It can be used by switching.

FIG. 7 shows temporal control based on the information FS when there are eight musical tone generators. One sample time of the system is the entire time when the musical tone generators GENO to GEN7 are operated for the same amount of time. Each information value of one word shown in FIG. 6 is written vertically for each tone generator. In this way, each information signal can be set differently for each tone generator, or it can be set the same way.

[Effects of the Invention] According to the present invention, when a system generates a musical sound waveform using waveform data stored in a waveform data storage device, even if the waveform data has different data formats, the same waveform data can be used. Therefore, improved sound quality can be easily obtained by selecting a data format that matches the timbre. Furthermore, since the data format can be controlled for each tone generator, an optimal method can be implemented for waveform data compression.

Furthermore, whatever type of memory there is in the waveform data storage device, suitable addressing can be provided. The size of the address space can be easily matched to each tone generator, making it practically applicable to a wide variety of electronic musical instruments.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the principle configuration of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the configuration of a data format conversion circuit as an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram explaining data shift to linear representation data, FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of still another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing one word information of the state memory, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the operation timing of eight tone generators, and FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional electronic musical instrument. 3-Execution control circuit 4.40--Waveform data storage device 5--Bank memory 6-Frequency number circuit 7-Frequency number accumulating means 11-Decimal point position conversion circuit 12--Address control circuit 13--Status memory 14--Frequency number adjustment circuit 15--Data format converter

Claims (1)

[Claims] I. A keyboard having a plurality of keys, a plurality of tone selection switches for setting a desired tone, and sending various control signals according to the key/tone information obtained by scanning them. a control circuit, a frequency number circuit that stores frequency numbers corresponding to key information in correspondence with musical tone generators, and an accumulator that accumulates output values of the frequency number circuit to generate an address that corresponds to the key information. An electronic musical instrument that reads data stored in a waveform data storage device in advance at an address corresponding to the key information and generates a desired musical tone using a plurality of musical tone generators from the waveform data storage device. It is characterized by comprising a data format conversion circuit that converts the data format of the desired waveform data to be read out, and in the data format conversion circuit, the data read out from the waveform data storage device is converted in correspondence with the musical tone generator. electronic musical instrument. II. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the data format conversion circuit is configured as a data format conversion circuit that converts the data format read from the storage device according to a desired tone color or tone range. . III. A keyboard with multiple keys, multiple tone selection switches for setting desired tones, a control circuit that sends out various control signals according to the key/tone information obtained by scanning them, and key information. a frequency number circuit for storing a frequency number corresponding to the musical tone generator; and an accumulating means for accumulating the output value of the frequency number circuit to generate an address corresponding to the key information; In an electronic musical instrument that reads data stored in a waveform data storage device in advance using an address corresponding to key information and generates a desired musical tone using a plurality of musical tone generators, the address corresponding to the key information is used as an integer part address. , and a decimal part address, and sends out the former as a read address for the waveform data storage device; and a decimal point position conversion circuit that converts the output address of the decimal point position conversion circuit into the waveform data storage device where the desired waveform data is stored. an address control circuit that converts the address format used at the location; a data format conversion circuit that converts the data format of desired waveform data read from the waveform data storage device; and the decimal point position conversion circuit, address control circuit, and data format. An electronic musical instrument comprising: a state memory that stores control data for controlling the operation of a conversion circuit;