JPH02204501A - Noise absorption and insulation wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To reduce the transmission of nose while absorbing the noise and without largely reflecting the noise by forming a noise barrier of a front panel, a rear panel and a sound absorption unit arranged between both the panels. CONSTITUTION: A surrounding wall is formed of a front panel 10 made of glass fiber reinforcement cement(GRC) and formed into an open grid provided with plural opening parts 12 along a diagonal of the panel 10 and single rear panel unit 10 made of GRC forming a rear part and side parts of a noise barrier. A sound absorption unit 25, which is formed of a thin sheet 31 formed of a rigid plastic material layer of polyvinyl chloride and two cores 28, 29 formed of a glass fiber mat and provided so as to pinch the thin sheet 31 between them, is provided between the surrounding wall so as to be overlapped with the opening parts 12 and separated from the panel 10 and the unit 16, and a noise barrier is thereby formed. With this structure, maintenance is eliminated, and durability and appearance can be improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention This invention relates to acoustic barriers, and more particularly to an improved panel construction suitable for forming acoustic barriers in conjunction with other similar panels. Although the present invention has been developed specifically for use in controlling noise generated by transportation machinery, etc. on roads or other surfaces, it may be equally applicable to other applications. This will become clear from the explanation below. In addition to the areas adjacent to roads where it is considered possible to adopt the present invention, the present invention can also be applied to situations such as industrial fields that use noisy machinery, enclosure walls surrounding generators, sound insulation walls at airports, and areas adjacent to railroad tracks. .

Nevertheless, it should not be assumed that there are no uses other than these applications.

[Problems to be solved by conventional technology and invention]

Unwanted sounds are commonly referred to as noise. This noise appears in the form of aircraft noise, train noise, automobile noise, etc. Even loud music can be considered noise to some people. Some people experience great discomfort at certain loudness levels, while others do not react until the level of sound becomes much louder. Road traffic noise generated by cars, trucks, and motorcycles can take two main forms: continuous background noise and individual vehicle noise. The noise associated with busy expressways and highways is a mixture of many sources, primarily continuous high-volume alternating current noise combined with the noise of individual vehicles.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a panel suitable for use in barriers that absorbs noise from any desired location and reduces transmitted noise without significantly reflecting such noise. be.

The noise source and the receiver are flat, hard, and dense sound insulating sources inserted between the hand and the receiver to reduce the transmission of noise between the hands. The loss due to insertion depends not only on the density of the sound insulating wall, but also on the height and length of the sound insulating wall. The integrity of the sound insulation wall is important because sound insulation walls with holes or poorly bonded walls will leak noise, and the level of the receiver will be high. A properly constructed rigid barrier reflects traffic noise back towards the vehicle noise source and beyond. In some situations, this reflection could increase the noise level at a second receiver on the opposite side of the noise barrier across the highway. If such a situation occurs,
Since the second Uke requires a second sound insulating wall to be erected in order to capture hands, the result is that sound insulating walls are erected parallel to both sides of the road.

It is believed that when tall parallel reflective barriers are provided adjacent to roads, the reflection of traffic noise between the barriers is amplified. In some situations, the noise level between the barrier may be higher than the noise level at the source without the barrier. If the noise level at the source actually increases, the noise level at the receiving end will increase proportionately. That is, erecting a second barrier is disadvantageous for Uke's hands behind the first barrier shielding Uke's hands from direct traffic noise.

If the reflective ability of a sound insulation wall is reduced, the noise level on the opposite side of the sound insulation wall when there is one sound insulation wall and the noise level on both sides of the road when there are parallel sound insulation walls is reduced. Reducing the reflective ability of a sound barrier is to improve the absorption quality of that wall. Absorptive barriers must also be dense to allow for effective sound transmission losses when passing through them.

The frequency determines whether the noise is absorbed to a much lower extent than its reflection.

Absorption coefficients range from 0.0 to 1.0 at a particular frequency, usually one or three octave points. Since traffic noise is high in the low frequency range of 100 Hz to 1000 Hz, absorbing barriers must exhibit very high performance in this range to be effective.

The essential function of sound insulating walls, especially when used adjacent to roads etc., is to reduce or prevent the reflection of noise as much as possible, and to reduce the noise between the noise source and receiver. . In achieving this basic requirement, it is also desirable to achieve a sound barrier that is relatively inexpensive to produce, durable, maintenance-free, aesthetically pleasing, and exhibits a high absorption coefficient at low frequencies. Needless to say.

[Means for solving problems]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a sound barrier member suitable for forming, together with other similar members, a sound barrier separating a hand from a source of noise. According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a front panel member having at least one open area facing a noise source during use, and a continuous rear panel member spaced rearward from the front panel member. a sound-absorbing material disposed inside the surrounding wall so as to overlap the open area of the front panel member and having a back surface spaced apart forwardly from a rear inner surface of the rear panel member of the surrounding wall; A sound insulating wall member further comprising:

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a front panel member having at least one open area facing a noise source during use, and a continuous rear panel member disposed rearwardly apart from the front panel member. further comprising a sound-absorbing material comprising at least one sound-absorbing batt, the sound-absorbing batt, or one of the sound-absorbing batts facing a front panel member of the surround; or a layer of solid plastic material is disposed adjacent the rearwardly facing fC plane of one of the layers, said sound absorbing material comprising:
A sound insulating wall member is provided within the surrounding wall and positioned so as to overlap the open area of the front panel member, and the back surface of the sound absorbing material is spaced forward from the rear inner surface of the rear panel member of the surrounding wall. Ru. The present invention provides a high level of protection against sound transmission and reflection by providing sound absorbing material in spaced relationship between an open front wall and a closed back wall. Advantageously, the layer of rigid plastic material is polyvinyl chloride and is adhered to said at least one acoustic core. Advantageously, this layer of rigid plastics material is glued to each of the acoustic cores. In a preferred arrangement, the sound absorbing material may be at least as large as the internal dimensions of the enclosure forming the panel. In another preferred arrangement, the front surface of the sound-absorbing material is spaced rearwardly from the front surface of the enclosure. In this way, a gap is created between the sound-absorbing material and the back side of the enclosure, or between the sound-absorbing material and both the front and back sides of the enclosure.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the sound-absorbing material may comprise at least two glass fiber sound-absorbing asbestos sandwiched between layers of rigid polyvinyl chloride. Advantageously, the sound-absorbing material comprises two glass fiber acoustic asbestos having a polyvinyl chloride layer adhered to one side of each asbestos, the two asbestos being arranged such that the polyvinyl chloride layers are adjacent to each other. The surrounding wall is made of glass fiber reinforced cement (GRC)
) is preferably formed by molding. Conveniently, the enclosure is molded in two parts, with the front side formed separately from the back side. The back surface may be integrally formed with the side wall, earth wall and bottom edge wall extending forward,
In that case, the front surface can be molded separately and fixed to the side walls, the earth wall and the bottom edge wall to complete the enclosure.

The area of the open area of the front surface is at least 1 of the total area of the front surface.
0% is preferred, and about 4% (more preferably 1) of that. The maximum area of the open area is determined by the mechanical design constraints of the panel itself, but may be up to 60%. Open area Advantageously, the front face is composed of a plurality of spaced apart and discrete openings, which may be diamond-shaped, to prevent or minimize the ingress of contaminants such as dust, water, insects, etc. To prevent this, it is preferable to cover the opening with a fine mesh material from the inside of the enclosure.

〔Example〕

The invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show a particularly preferred embodiment suitable for forming a sound barrier adjacent to a straight path or the like.

Referring to the drawings, a preferred acoustical wall panel is comprised of three major components. The six components will be explained in detail below. The first component is the front panel 10, which is an open grid made of GRc. The basic dimensions of the entire panel may be 1990 mm x 980 mm, but the thickness of the panel will vary depending on the overall dimensions depending on the application.

The front panel 10 includes a surrounding solid frame 11,
The panel is provided with a plurality of openings 12 arranged diagonally (FIG. 1a). The solid diagonal supports 13,14 made of GRC are spaced apart from about 20 mm to about 25 mm, the width increasing as the thickness of the panel increases (FIG. 1b). These dimensions can be changed, so that in the future the lattice may have a configuration in which the columns have a uniform size or a configuration in which every other support 13 is narrower and the support 14 is much thicker. It would be fine. hole 1
1m is the bolt 2 formed on the rear panel unit 16
A recess is formed to receive a nut 33 attached to the nut 3.

The nut 33 screwed together with the bolt 23 is the front panel 10
is fixed to the rear panel unit 16.

The area of the open portion of the front panel 10 is at least 1 (
1, preferably about 40%. The individual openings 12 are diamond-shaped or square/rectangular with dimensions of 45 mm x 45 mm, and the front edge of the panel is beveled. This opening is slightly beveled at a much smaller angle along the thickness of the panel. The thickness of the front panel varies depending on the design area and design strength of the open portion, but a suitable range is 10 mm to 20 mm. The area percentage of the open portion (ch) and the dimensions of the opening will vary according to the use of the sound barrier.

A mesh 15, for example a plastic fly mesh, may be attached to the back side of the front panel 10. There are two purposes for using the network 15. Firstly, the screen 15 reduces the amount of rainwater and water spray that enters the sound barrier, and secondly, it reduces the chance that nesting insects and birds will enter the panel.

The rear and side parts of the sound insulating wall panel are shown in Figures 2a to 3 of the drawings.
This is shown in the figure.

The rear and sides of the sound barrier are made of glass fiber reinforced cement (GRC).
) into a single rear panel unit 16. Basically, the overall dimensions should be 1990 mm x 1000 mm, and the maximum thickness of the cross section is 230 mm. The nominal thickness of the GRC material may be 10 mm.

Figure 2a shows the overall appearance of the architectural treatment of the rear panel;
The size of the individual components in panel processing is shown.

The rear outer surface of the rear panel unit 16 has grooves 20 and 21.
Preferably, it has three raised panels 17, 18 and 19 separated by.

Figure 2 shows the overall appearance of another architectural treatment of the rear panel unit and the dimensions of the individual components in the panel treatment. The rear outer surface of the rear panel unit 16m has three raised truncated pyramidal sections 17a and 18m, which are separated by grooves 20m and 21a. Other alternative rear panel treatments of rear panel units are sometimes used depending on the application of the panel.

FIG. 2C shows a plan view and relative dimensions of internal reinforcing component 22, which is shown in more detail in FIGS. 3a and 3b. FIG. 2C is an end view showing where the front panel 10 is attached to the rear panel unit 16 using bolts 23. The front panel 10 is thus fixed to the rear panel unit 16.

End post slots 24 are shown in FIGS. 2C and 2e. The size of this molded slot 24 will vary depending on the size of the post. As the sound insulation wall becomes taller, the cross section of the support column becomes larger, and therefore the slot becomes larger. The configuration shown in Figure 2e is designed to be used in a 2 m high acoustic wall supported by 76 mm x 76 mm galvanized square posts. In use, the plurality of acoustic wall panels are supported on top of each other by two posts. The length of the sound barrier can be increased by placing more columns with panels in between.

A reinforcing channel 22 mounted in the center of the rear panel unit 16 is shown in FIGS. 3a and 3a. This channel is molded independently from the rear panel unit 16 and is installed during molding of the rear panel unit 16. Channel material 2
2'' reinforces the rear panel unit 16 and attaches the sound absorbing unit 25 to the rear inner surface 2 so that a cavity 27 is formed.
6 to help position it away. This cavity 2
T improves acoustic performance at mid to high frequencies. The size of the cavities is believed to be less important, although a spacing of at least 50 znm is currently believed to be optimal. It is not essential that the cavities 27 be uniform (although spacings of more than 50 mm will not significantly change the performance characteristics.

Sound absorbing unit 25 is shown most clearly in FIG.

The sound absorbing unit 25 includes two cores 28 and 29 made of glass fiber mats with a thin sheet sandwiched between them, and is arranged inside an enclosure formed by the front panel 10 and the flannel unit 16. is preferable.

The sound-absorbing glass fiber asbestos 28 has a thickness of 50 mm and is approximately 3 mm thick.
It is sufficient to have a nominal density of 2 kj/m3 to 35 ktp/rn3. This range of dimensions and densities are those that are standardly produced and generally available with acoustic performance characteristics compatible with the purposes of this embodiment. When the density or thickness is less than the above numbers, the acoustic performance decreases. The front asbestos may have a scrim 30 glued to the side facing the grid front panel 10. This scrim 30 is used to reduce the amount of rainwater entering the asbestos 2B in front.

The rear asbestos 29 is a nearly rigid PvC sheet 31 with a thickness of 400 mm glued to the surface facing the front asbestos.
has. Plastic sheets as thick as 400 μm may be very expensive, but they do not significantly improve the acoustic performance of the panel. The PVC sheet 31 acts as a low frequency absorber and also provides a slight stiffness to the entire sound absorbing unit 25.

[The sound unit 25 is rounded and has slightly larger internal dimensions than the rear panel unit 16, and is firmly disposed within the rear panel unit 16. The overall dimensions of the sound absorbing unit 25 may vary depending on the use of the sound insulating wall. The arrangement is also such that a space or cavity 32 is preferably formed between the front asbestos 28 and the front panel 10. Such gaps help improve resistance to rainwater.

Road traffic noise mainly occurs in the frequency range of 100Hz to 1000Hz, and its magnitude tends to decrease at frequencies of 1QOOHz or higher. The level of traffic noise varies depending on the degree of road surface and vehicle congestion, and the degree to which the source and receiver of the noise are exposed.

Many conventional acoustic barrier constructions have been formed from materials other than GRC, such as glass fiber composites or metal sheets. Such noise barriers require continuous maintenance and eventually deteriorate to the point where they must be replaced. Most conventional sound insulation walls were designed with basic performance in mind, rather than performance or appearance. The noise barrier described herein is designed to be durable, maintenance-free, and visually appealing.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1a is a schematic front view of the front of a panel manufactured in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;
Detailed view of the area indicated by mark B, f: f, i Figure C is,
2a and 2b are external views of the rear part of a panel suitable for co-operation with the front part shown in FIGS. C is a plan view of the rear part shown in Figure 2a, Figure 2d is an end view of the rear part shown in Figures 2 &, and Figure 2e is the area marked D in Figure 2C. 3a is an internal view of the rear portion shown in FIG. 2a; FIG. 3 is a detailed cross-sectional view of the reinforcing elements included in the rear configuration; Schematic diagram of the horizontal arrangement of the various elements that make up the sound-absorbing panel...
8.29@-...asbestos, 31"z*PVC"-).

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A front panel member (10) having at least one open area (12) that should face a noise source during use;
A sound insulating wall member comprising a surrounding wall having a continuous rear panel member (16), comprising a sound absorbing material (25) disposed inside the surrounding wall so as to overlap the open area (12) of the front panel member. , the sound absorbing material (2
5) A sound insulating wall member characterized in that its back surface is positioned so as to be spaced forward from the inner surface of the rear panel member (16) of the surrounding wall. 2. A front panel member (10) having at least one open area (12) that should face a source of noise during use;
A sound insulating wall member comprising an enclosing wall having a continuous rear panel member (16) arranged rearwardly and spaced apart from the front panel member (10), the sound insulating wall member comprising at least one sound absorbing batt (28, 29); Sound-absorbing core cotton (28,
29) has a layer of hard plastic material disposed adjacent to one rearward facing side thereof, so that the sound-absorbing core is facing towards the front panel member (10) of the enclosure by means of a ridge. The above sound absorbing material (2
5) is the open area (1) of the front panel member (10).
2) The above sound absorbing material (25
) is positioned so as to be spaced forward from the rear inner surface of the rear panel member (16) of the enclosure wall.