JPH01307617A - Method and device for installing cross section measuring instrument and method for detecting its installed position - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To correctly install a cross section measuring instrument from a reference laser beam, and also, to simply detect its position by reflecting the reference laser beam at a right angle against its optical axis, and determining the installed position of the cross section measuring instrument so that a prescribed part of the cross section measuring instrument is irradiated by its reflected light. CONSTITUTION:A reflecting device 10 which is provided with a mirror and reflects a reference laser beam l so that an angle of reflection goes to a right angle against its optical axis, and a cross section measuring instrument 1 provided with a measuring instrument body 2 which is installed in a prescribed position in a tunnel and executes a measurement and a measuring head 3 are used. The reflecting device 10 is provided so that its movement can be adjusted in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction by a supporting leg 12, and also, it can turn centering around the vertical axis and the horizontal axis, respectively. The measuring head 3 is rotatable against the measuring instrument body 2, the reference laser beam whose optical axis is reflected at a right angle by the reflecting device 10 is adjusted by using collimating plates 7, 8, and the installed position of the cross section measuring instrument 1 is determined. In such a way, a rotation axis of the measuring head 3 and the reference beam l, namely, a tunnel axis become parallel to each other.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to cross-sectional measurement in which the distance to the surface to be measured is measured and the cross-sectional shape is obtained at a location where a reference laser beam is already installed for the surface to be measured. The present invention relates to a method for installing a device, a device, and a method for detecting its installation position.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, in construction work such as digging a tunnel, a laser beam is emitted on the face side as a reference for controlling the cross-sectional shape in the tunnel excavation direction. The coordinate position of this laser beam has been detected in advance through surveying, and as part of the above-mentioned management, it is a standard beam that is used to dig up to a distance of, for example, several dozen square meters from this laser beam. For this reason, the reference laser beam is often projected at a position relatively close to the tunnel wall.

Further, the above-mentioned type of cross-section measuring device is often used as a cross-section measuring device for measuring the cross-section of a tunnel, the cross-section of a slope, etc. As one of this type of cross-section measuring instrument, a laser pulse carried by waves of invisible light is emitted toward the object to be measured, and the average value of the velocity of the reflected beams hitting the object is calculated. There are already known methods for detecting distances.

In this case, the measuring device has a measuring head that emits and receives laser pulses attached to the shaft of the measuring device.

Measurements can be made by rotating the device around this axis by up to 360 degrees at predetermined angles. That is, the measuring head can measure every predetermined angle and can perform this measurement until it makes one rotation. Thereby, the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel, etc. can be measured. Therefore, the use of the cross-section measuring device described above is extremely advantageous because the cross-sectional shape at a predetermined position can be measured in a short time.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, even if the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel can be detected by installing this cross-sectional measuring device in an appropriate position, accurate measurements cannot be made unless the measuring device is placed so that the measuring direction is perpendicular to the tunnel axis.

For this reason, in the past, it was necessary to know whether the measurement direction of the cross-section measuring instrument was placed perpendicular to the tunnel axis, but checking this was difficult and time-consuming work.

Furthermore, even if the cross-section measuring device is installed so that the measurement direction is perpendicular to the tunnel axis, if its position cannot be detected, it cannot be determined whether the cross-sectional shape of the tunnel is correct or not. Although it is necessary to accurately know the coordinates of the installation location of the measuring device, detecting the installation location is also difficult and time-consuming work.

The present invention aims to solve this problem by correctly installing a section measuring device from the above-mentioned reference laser beam, and
It is an object of the present invention to provide a detection method and device that can easily detect the installation position.

[Means to solve the problem]

In order to achieve the above object, in the method for installing a cross-section measuring instrument of the present invention, a reference laser beam is reflected so that the reflection angle is perpendicular to its optical axis, and the reflected reference laser beam is , the installation position of the cross section measuring device is determined so that the cross section measuring device hits a predetermined location.

The cross section measuring device installation device of the present invention includes a reflecting device that includes a mirror and reflects the reference laser beam so that the reflection angle is perpendicular to its optical axis; It is characterized by having a target to which the reference laser beam is aimed.

Further, the cross-sectional measuring instrument is characterized in that it includes a measuring instrument main body and a rotatable measuring head on the main body, and the target is removably attached to the measuring head.

Furthermore, in a method for detecting the installation position of a cross-sectional measuring device according to the present invention, a reference laser beam is reflected so that the reflection angle is perpendicular to its optical axis.

Determine the installation position of the cross-section measuring device so that the reflected reference laser beam hits a predetermined location on the cross-section measuring device.

At that time, the angle formed by the emission angle of the reference laser beam and the horizontal plane is detected, and the distance from the predetermined point of the cross-section measuring device to the reflection point of the reference laser beam is measured, and the installation position of the cross-section measuring device is determined from the distance and the above angle. It is characterized by detecting the coordinates of.

Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that the angle formed by the emission angle of the reference laser beam and a horizontal plane and the distance from a predetermined point of the cross-section measuring device to a reflection point of the reference laser beam are measured using a cross-section measuring device.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cross-sectional measuring instrument, and the cross-sectional measuring instrument 1 has a measuring instrument main body 2 and a measuring head 3 rotatably mounted around a support shaft (not shown). The measurement head 3 includes a transmitter section 4 that emits a measurement wave composed of a large number of laser pulses on an invisible light wave, a receiver section 5 that receives the laser pulses reflected by the object to be measured, and a receiver section 5 that receives the laser pulses reflected by the object to be measured. The projection unit 6 includes a projection unit 6 that projects visible light, for example, a laser beam, parallel to the laser pulse emitted by the unit 4 at a predetermined interval. The cross-section measuring instrument 1 projects visible light from a projection section 6 during measurement, so that the measurement position can be visually confirmed.

The present invention determines the installation position of the cross section measuring device 1 from a reference laser beam (hereinafter referred to as reference beam Ω) whose projection position coordinates have been confirmed by surveying in advance as described above, and also determines the position. In this example, the surface to be measured will be explained based on an example in which the shape of the internal cross section of a tunnel is measured.

In Fig. 2, the existing reference light M<Q is projected near the right corner of the tunnel, for example, and the direction of the light is set in the direction of the tunnel axis, that is, in the same direction as the direction in which the tunnel is dug. In the invention, this reference light beam 2 is reflected at right angles by a reflection device 10, which will be described in detail later, and the reflected light Q' is applied to a predetermined location of the cross-section measuring instrument 1. In this example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, two aiming plates 7 and 8 arranged in parallel are provided on the measuring head 3 of the cross-section measuring instrument, and the aiming plate 7 has an aiming thread 7a and an aiming plate 8. Hit the aiming line 8a marked in .

In this case, the cross-section measuring instrument 1 itself is moved by a supporting device that can move the cross-section measuring instrument 1 in parallel in the X-Y directions and can turn, which will be described later, to aim the reference beam Q at the aiming plates 7 and 8. Note that the aiming plate 7 has an aiming thread 7a in the notched part.
is stretched so that the light passing through the sighting plate 7 hits the sighting plate 8. In addition, the aiming thread 7a and the aiming line 8
a is in the receiving direction of the receiving section 5 and within a plane perpendicular to the rotational axis of the measuring head 3, and a mark is placed at a predetermined position from the center of the rotational axis.

As shown in FIG. 2, the above-mentioned reflecting device 10 is supported by a support device 11. In this case, the support device 11 has a support leg 12, and the support device 11 has a support leg 12, and the support device 11 has support legs 12 that are attached to the support leg 12 in the vertical and horizontal directions. An adjustable bag that can be moved and rotated separately around the vertical and horizontal axes! The reflection device 10 is supported via a (not shown).

The reflecting device 10 includes a support plate 13, as shown in FIG. 4, and the support plate 13 is removably connected to the above-mentioned adjustment device. A bracket 15 is attached to the support plate 13 via a shaft 14.
is attached so that it can rotate in the direction of arrow A. In this case, the shaft 14 is arranged near the right end of the support plate 13 in FIG.
and is provided. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the first adjustment screw 16 passes through the support plate 13, and its tip abuts against the bracket 15. Further, the spring 17 urges the bracket 15 to rotate clockwise in FIG. 4 about the shaft 14 so as to keep the first adjustment screw 16 in contact with the bracket 15.

Both ends of the aiming barrel 18 are attached to arm portions 15a and 15b of the bracket 15, as will be described later. As clearly shown in FIG. 8, this aiming barrel 18 has one end portion formed into cylindrical portions 18a and 18b, and an intermediate portion formed into a square tube portion 18c having a square tube shape.

On the other hand, the arm portions 15a and 15b of the bracket 15 are formed into rectangular frames (see FIGS. 6 and 7), and the arm portions 15a and 15b are
A support piece 19 is rotatably mounted inside via a pin 20. Further, a support piece 21 is slidably mounted within the arm portion 15b, and its sliding direction is a direction that allows the aiming tube 18 to rotate about the pin 20. A circular hole is formed in each support piece 19.21, into which the cylindrical portions 18a, 18b of the sight tube 18 are rotatably fitted.

As mentioned above, one end of the aiming barrel 18 can be rotated around the pin 20 via the support piece 19, and the other end can be slid, but the two second adjustment screws 22 for adjusting this sliding are attached to the bracket. 15 arm 15b (
(See Figure 7). The second adjustment screws 22 are provided at the front and rear in the sliding direction, pass through the arm 15b, and have their tips abutted against the support pieces 21, respectively. Incidentally, reference numeral 23 is a retaining ring, which serves to prevent the aiming barrel 18 from coming off from the support piece 21.

A reference thread 14 is stretched in a cross shape at the front and rear ends of the aiming cylinder 18, and the intersection thereof serves as a reference point, and the cylindrical portion 18a
, 18b. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, a slit 25 is formed in the rectangular tube portion 18c at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to its longitudinal direction, and a mirror 26 is formed in the slit 25 as shown in FIG. It is inserted in a removable manner.

Further, a confirmation plate 27 is fixed to the side from which the reflected light Q' of the reference beam Q of the square tube part 18c is projected, and a through hole 28 through which the light passes is bored at a predetermined position of the square tube part 18c and the confirmation plate 27. has been done. This confirmation plate 27 is irradiated with visible light from the cross-section measuring device 1, and the reflected light Q' is correctly detected by the aiming plates 7 and 8 of the cross-section measuring device L.
A mark 27a is attached to confirm that the target is aimed at.

The bracket 15 is provided with a third adjustment screw 29 for rotating the aiming barrel 18, and the third adjustment screw 29 is provided with a fourth adjustment screw 29.
As clearly shown in the figures and FIG.
and the sighting tube 18 are connected. This joint 30.3
1 serves to maintain the connection even if the third adjustment screw 29 is operated and the aiming tube 18 is rotated and the angle between the third adjustment screw 29 and the connection pieces 32, 33 changes.

Next, a support device for the cross-sectional measuring instrument 1 will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 9, the support device in this embodiment includes a first support 35 on which three legs 34 each having an adjustable length 34a are attached, and a top of the first support 35. It is comprised of a second support 37 provided through adjustment bolts 36, and a support table as an X-Y table 38 attached to the second support 37. In this case, a level (not shown) is attached to the first support 35 and the second support 37 to detect whether the support surfaces thereof are horizontal. Further, on the X-Y table 38, the above-mentioned cross-section measuring device 1 is placed so as to be rotatable while maintaining highly accurate parallelism.

The cross section measuring device 1 and the reflection device 10 are constructed as described above, and the installation method for measuring a cross section inside a tunnel using the device will be described next.

When digging a tunnel as described above, on the face side, a reference light beam Q whose position can be recognized in advance by surveying is installed near the side of the tunnel as follows.

First, operate the support device 11 to locate the aiming barrel 1 of the reflector 10.
Roughly set the reference beam Q so that it passes within 8. Then, the adjustment device provided between the support leg 12 and the reflection device 10 adjusts the reference thread 2 on the cylindrical portion 18a side of the aiming tube 18.
Adjust so that the reference beam Ω hits the reference point 4. Through this adjustment, the position of the aiming tube 18 on the cylindrical portion 18a side is determined. However, on the cylindrical portion 18b side, the reference beam Q is
Since it is set to such an extent that it passes through the inside, it is often deviated from the reference point of the reference thread 24 on the cylindrical portion 18a side.

Therefore, first, the first adjustment screw 16 is used to adjust the horizontal direction in FIG.
Adjust so that the reference light beam Q hits the warp thread 4. and,
After the adjustment, the second adjusting screws 22 and 23 are operated to adjust and move the cylindrical portion 18b side of the aiming barrel 18 in the vertical direction in FIG. 6 with respect to the bracket 15. At this time, the cylindrical portion 18b side of the aiming tube 18 is moved up and down via the pin 20.

In this way, the reflector 10 has the cylindrical portion 18a of the aiming barrel 18.
If the reference light beam Q is applied to the reference point of the reference thread 24 in ,
When adjusting the opposite side, that is, the cylindrical part 18b, the center of the adjustment movement is on the cylindrical part 18a, so the standard can be very easily adjusted.

In other words, if both ends of the aiming barrel 18 are simultaneously aligned with the reference beam Q, even if one side is aligned, the other is likely to shift, and it takes a lot of time to align them, but this embodiment solves this problem. will not occur.

Thus, when the aiming tube 18 is aimed at the reference beam Q, the mirror 26 is inserted into the slit 25. At this time, since the mirror 26 is set at an angle of 45'' with respect to the optical axis of the reference beam Q, the reference beam Q is reflected by 90'' and is projected toward the center of the tunnel through the through hole 28.

Next, when the third adjustment screw 29 of the reflection device 10 is operated,
The aiming barrel 18 rotates relative to the support piece 19.21. At this time, since the reference beam Q is set at the center of the aiming tube 18, the aiming tube 18 rotates around the reference beam Ω. Therefore, even if the aiming barrel 18 is rotated, one reflected light beam Q' can be directed upward or downward without compromising the standard of the reference light beam Q. Furthermore, since the angle between the reference ray Q and the mirror 26 does not change, the perpendicularity between the reference ray Q and the reflected light Q' is maintained.

Then, by operating the third adjustment screw 29, the direction of the reflected light Q' is directed downward, and the reflected light Q' is applied to the ground to roughly indicate the installation location of the section measuring instrument 1 using the reflected light α'. Then, when the reflected light Ω' is directed upward at the indicated location, the light is almost at the sight plate 7,
The cross section measuring device 1 may be installed at a position corresponding to 8.

In this way, when the installation location of the cross section measuring device 1 is roughly determined, 1
Next, the first pedestal 35 and the second pedestal 36 supported by the cross-section measuring device 1 are sequentially adjusted using a level so that they are horizontal.

Next, the direction of the reflected light Q' is directed upward using the third adjustment screw 29. Then, the reflected light Q' is reflected by the aiming thread 7a of the aiming plate 7.
Then, rotate the cross-section measuring device 1 and change the direction so that the reflected light a' hits the sight line 8a of the sight plate 8.
The installation position of the cross-sectional measuring device 1 is determined by adjusting the position by operating the . At this time, the visible light beam of the cross-section measuring device 1 is
If it hits mark 27a of 7, it can be confirmed that the above-mentioned parallelism is obtained.

In this way, the cross section measuring instrument 1 whose installation position is determined by the reflected light Q' has the rotation axis of the measurement head 3 parallel to the reference beam Q, that is, the rotation axis is parallel to the tunnel axis, and can measure the correct cross section of the tunnel. In other words, the cross section measuring device 1 has been installed at the correct position.Next, a method for detecting the installation position of the cross section measuring device 1 thus accurately installed will be explained.

In Figure 2, viewed from the axial direction of the tunnel.

If the coordinates of the reference ray Q are (X, o, Yo) and the coordinates of the cross-section measuring device 1 are (x, y), then the coordinates of the reference ray Q are (Xo,
Yo) is known by surveying. Therefore, the coordinates (x, y) of the cross section and measuring device 1 are the angle θ from the horizontal plane of the reflected light Q' to the emission angle, and the length from the cross section measuring device 1 to the reference ray Q. Once D is known, it can be calculated using the formula: X=Xo-712cosO Y=Yo+Qcosθ.

Note that the output angle referred to here is the inclination when the reflected light beam hits a predetermined position on the sight plate 7. To measure the angle θ, the measurement direction of the measurement head 3 is set to a horizontal position, and then the measurement head 3 is rotated to a position where the measurement direction becomes parallel to the reflected light Q'. That is, the rotation of the measurement head 3 is stopped at a position where the visible light beam of the cross-section measuring device 1 hits the mark 27a on the confirmation plate 27 from the horizontal direction, and the cross-section is detected by the angle θ between them. The rotation angle of the measuring head 3 can be easily determined by the cross-section measuring instrument itself.

Also, the predetermined position of the cross section measuring device 1, that is, the measuring head 3o
The length D from the rotation axis to the reference ray a is the cross-section measuring device 1
It can be calculated by measuring the distance to the confirmation plate 27 by yourself and adding the length from the confirmation plate 27 to the reference beam Q to this distance. Note that the length of the reference beam Q from the confirmation plate 27 is the radius of the aiming barrel 18 and the thickness of the confirmation plate 27, and is a constant.

In this way, the angle θ from the horizontal to the exit angle and the length D can be easily calculated using the cross-section measuring device 1 itself, and by incorporating these values into the above formula, the coordinates of the cross-section measuring device 1 (
x, y) are found.

In this way, the installation position of the accurately installed cross-section measuring device 1 can be determined by
It can be easily detected using the cross section measuring device 1 itself.

By the way, when aiming the reflected light Q' at the irradiation plates 7 and 8,
It is advantageous in terms of accuracy to aim as close to the measuring head 3 as possible. To explain this using Figure 10,
The reflected light Q' of the reference beam Q and the measurement wave S are not parallel but deviate by an angle α, and this deviation becomes larger as the position where the reflected light Q' is aimed at the irradiation plates 7 and 8 is farther from the measurement head 3. but,
In the case of actual tunnel cross-sectional shape measurement, the distance from the reference beam Ω to the measuring device 1 is as long as several meters, so the angle α deviation is within an allowable error.

FIG. 11 shows an embodiment in which the above-mentioned error can be eliminated. In this embodiment, the aiming plates 7 and 8 are attached to the sides of the measuring head 3. In this case, the aiming plate 7 is provided with a cross-shaped aiming thread 7a, and the aiming plate 8 is provided with a cross-shaped aiming mark (not shown). The aiming position of the cross-shaped aiming thread 7a and the cross-shaped aiming mark is ′′ in the horizontal direction.
The height level is set to be the same as the receiving position of the measuring wave S, and the vertical direction thereof is set to be the same as a predetermined length from the receiving position of the measuring wave S.

With this configuration, the height level is the same as the reception position of the measurement wave S in the horizontal direction, and there is no deviation between the measurement wave S and the reflected light Ω'. That is, since the angle α becomes zero, more accurate measurement becomes possible.

〔effect〕

According to claims 1 and 2 of the present invention, the cross section measuring device can be installed at an accurate position based on the reference laser beam, and the installation operation is simple and can be performed by anyone in a short time.

Further, according to claim 4, the position of the installed cross-section measuring device can be easily detected, and according to claim 5, the position can be detected using the cross-section measuring device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a cross-sectional measuring instrument, FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view explaining the present invention in detail, FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged perspective view of FIG. 2, and FIGS. Figure 8 is a plan view, front view, and right side view of the reflection device. A right side view and an exploded perspective view, FIG. 9 is a front view showing an example of a support device for a cross-section measuring instrument, FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the deviation between a measurement wave and a reflected light, and FIG. 11 is an illustration of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another embodiment. 1... Cross section measuring device 3... Measuring head 7.8
...Sighting plate 10...Reflector 26...Mirror 2...Reference beam 2'...Reflected light line (27,)

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) In a method for installing a cross-sectional measuring device that measures the distance to the surface to be measured and obtains the cross-sectional shape in a place where a reference laser beam is already installed for the surface to be measured, the reference laser beam is directed against its optical axis. The method of installation is characterized in that the cross section measuring device is positioned so that the reference laser beam is reflected at a right angle, and a predetermined location of the cross section measuring device hits the reflected reference laser beam. (2) In an installation device for a cross-sectional measuring device that measures the distance to the surface to be measured and obtains the cross-sectional shape at a place where a reference laser beam is already installed for the surface to be measured, the device is equipped with a mirror and the reference laser beam is set on its optical axis. 1. An installation device comprising: a reflection device that reflects the beam so that the reflection angle is perpendicular to the cross section measuring device; and a target that is provided at a predetermined position of the cross section measuring device and aims at the reflected reference laser beam. (3) The cross-sectional measuring device includes a measuring device main body and a rotatable measuring head on the main body, and the target is removably attached to the measuring head. installation equipment. (4) In a method for detecting the installation position of a cross-sectional measuring device that measures the distance to the surface to be measured and obtains the cross-sectional shape in a place where a reference laser beam is already installed for the surface to be measured, The reflection angle is perpendicular to the optical axis, and the installation position of the cross-section measuring device is determined so that the reflected reference laser beam hits a predetermined location on the cross-section measuring device. , and further measures the distance from a predetermined point of the cross-section measuring device to the reflection point of the reference laser beam, and detecting the coordinates of the installation position of the cross-section measuring device from the distance and the angle. detection method. (5) The angle between the emission angle of the reference laser beam and a horizontal plane and the distance from a predetermined point of the cross-section measuring device to a reflection point of the reference laser beam are measured using a cross-section measuring device. Detection method described in.