JPH01281308A - Pulse variable combustion method and pulse variable combustion device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable execution of proper continuous variable combustion between a high and a low load, by a method wherein a flameproofing trap situated in the combustion cylinder of a pulse burner is slid to vary the volume of a combustion chamber. CONSTITUTION:A flameproofing trap 6 is located in a combustion chamber 4, and a combustion chamber K is formed between an exhaust cylinder 5 and the flameproofing trap. A ventilation cylinder 8 is connected to a suction chamber N, and an opening closing damper 9 is provided. Further, a fuel feed pipe 11 for a low load and a fuel feed pipe 12 for a high load are placed in the ventilation cylinder 8. During high load combustion, the trap 6 is secured in a position farmost away from an exhaust cylinder 7, the volume of the combustion chamber K is maximized, and a proper amount of fuel is sucked through a fuel feed pipe 12 with a high load by means of the opening closing damper 9. When, during low load combustion, the trap 6 is moved to the exhaust cylinder 5 side, detection is made by means of a switch 19b, the opening closing damper is rotated, and a fuel feed pipe, simultaneously, is switched to a low load.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field]

The present invention relates to an It-variant combustion method in pulse combustion and an apparatus therefor. In particular, it is widely used as a pulse combustion window for use in engines of aircraft, ships, air cars, snowmobiles, etc. as well as industrial heat sources, as well as for business and home use, as it allows for variable output.

[Conventional technology]

Conventional pulse combustion is an internal combustion engine that uses both valveless and valved types to generate thrust in a pulsating manner, and a combustor that can automatically supply and exhaust air.For example, as shown in Figure 10, , Combustion pressure backflow prevention valve 1 in the combustion cylinder connected to the exhaust pipe
The combustion chamber A and the intake chamber B were separated from each other by a fixed flameproof trap 1 having a flame retardant trap 1, and the fuel jet width nozzle 2 was disposed on the intake chamber side. Its operation is as follows: First, air is injected by a blower through the air intake port Ba (fuel is injected from the fuel injection nozzle 2, passes through the check valve 1a, and a fuel mixture gas is supplied to the upper combustion chamber A. This mixture gas is explosively combusted by the spark plug 3, and P# gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe C. This exhaust gas generates the AKQ pressure in the combustion chamber, so it is not necessary to pressurize air with a blower from the next cycle.
It is well known that air is self-inhaled together with fuel to cause repeated combustion. In addition, as a valveless type pulse combustion device, the configuration previously developed and acquired by the present invention, Patent No. 417439, Patent No. 432
No. 735 and the like are publicly known.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, in all of these designs, the air-fuel ratio is set depending on the type of fuel, and this determines the volume of the combustion chamber and the length of the exhaust pipe depending on the desired cycle. Therefore, the pulse combustion device is a constant volume combustion method in which the volume of the combustion chamber is constant, and is not a constant pressure combustion method like the Yuichi Boget, Toto, and reciprocating engines, so its biggest drawback is that it cannot be idling or change the output by accelerating. According to the inventor's experience, conventional pulse combustors have a combustion load variable rate of only 1 to 2%, making it difficult to control the combustor. With conventional pulse combustors, the only choice was to operate high-load combustion or reduce iF. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a pulse combustion method and an apparatus thereof that can easily and continuously vary combustion control over a wide range and can be used in various fields. [Means for Solving the Problems] (a) For this reason, in the combustion method invention, a flameproof trap is arranged on the intake side of the combustion tube to prevent backflow of combustion pressure, and the flame trap is placed between the combustion chamber and the exhaust tube. A pulse formed by
By moving the trap or sliding a movable partition inserted into the combustion Y and communicating with the exhaust pipe, the volume of the combustion chamber can be varied, and the air can be adjusted according to the variable volume of the combustion chamber. This method is used to combust by supplying fuel and air at variable fuel ratios. (b) One of the variable pulse combustion devices is a pulse combustion device in which a flameproof trap is placed on the intake side of the combustion cylinder to prevent backflow of combustion pressure, and a combustion chamber is formed between it and the exhaust stack. , a fuel supply device in which the trap is arranged at the end of the sliding rod and can supply fuel to the intake side of the combustion cylinder according to a predetermined load from high load to low Q load; The trap, the fuel supply device, and the intake:A adjustment mechanism are connected to each other, and the trap, the fuel supply device, and the intake air adjustment mechanism are connected to each other.
The 4R configuration is equipped with a control stage that can variably supply fuel and air with an air-fuel ratio that corresponds to the variable volume of the combustion chamber by the movable displacement of the combustion chamber. (c) Furthermore, another variable pulse combustion device is a pulse combustion device in which the combustion chamber is partitioned by fixedly disposing a flameproof trap on the intake side of the combustion cylinder to prevent backflow of combustion pressure. A fuel supply device that slidably accommodates a movable partition that communicates between the cylinder and the combustion chamber, and can supply fuel to the intake chamber in the combustion cylinder according to a predetermined load from high load to low load; The movable partition body, the fuel supply device, and the intake I
The structure is equipped with a control means that can variably supply fuel and air at an air-fuel ratio corresponding to the variable volume of the combustion chamber by moving the movable partition by moving the movable partition. (d) In addition, in the case where the combustion chamber has a two-stage variable volume for high load and low load, the fuel injection nozzle of the fuel supply device is arranged in the intake flow path separately for high load and low load.
. (e) In addition, in the case where an opening/closing damper is arranged in the intake flow path to form an intake adjustment mechanism, an orifice for low-load intake is formed in the central part that serves as the rotational fulcrum, and an orifice for low-load intake is formed in the U orifice hole. The fuel injection nozzle is arranged in an open configuration. (f) Furthermore, in the case where the movable partition inserted into the combustion chamber is slid, an exhaust pipe protruding from the combustion chamber is connected to the rear of the movable partition.

[For use]

(a) Pulse variable combustion method In the invention, the volume of the combustion chamber can be varied by sliding a flameproof trap or by sliding a movable partition inserted into the combustion chamber and communicating with the flue exhaust pipe. By variably supplying fuel and air at an air-fuel ratio corresponding to the variable volume of the combustion chamber, explosive combustion suitable for each can be achieved. Therefore, it is possible to perform stable continuous combustion by initially performing high-load, large-capacity combustion, and then continuously changing to low-load, small-capacity combustion, or by repeating the reverse combustion. (0) Also, one of the pulse variable combustion devices is the other by the sliding of the trap? c2! The volume of the combustion chamber can be varied by sliding the movable partition, and the volume of the combustion chamber can be varied by the control means of the fuel supply device and intake air adjustment mechanism connected to the trap or the movable partition. Fuel and air are variably supplied at an air-fuel ratio depending on the volume, resulting in explosive combustion suitable for the variable volume. (^) In addition, in the a configuration, the combustion chamber has a two-stage variable volume for high load and low load, and the fuel injection nozzle of the fuel supply device is placed in the intake flow path separately for high load and low load. The fuel injection nozzle is switched by the control means, and this operation is facilitated, so that it can be reliably and quickly changed between high-load and low-load applications. (D) In addition, the combustion chamber has a two-stage variable volume of high load and low load, and an intake air adjustment mechanism with an opening/closing damper arranged in the intake flow path, and a central portion serving as the rotational fulcrum of the opening/closing damper. In a configuration in which an orifice for low-load intake is formed in the second orifice hole and a fuel injection nozzle for low-negative operation is opened in the two orifice holes, the opening/closing damper is rotated by a predetermined angle by the ivJ control means to adjust the intake height. At the same time, the fuel injection nozzle is switched, and the opening/closing damper is rotated closed by the control means during low-load combustion to adjust the intake air through the orifice, and the fuel is supplied from the orifice. The adjustment mechanism and the low-load fuel injection nozzle can be integrated into one unit, making the configuration more convenient.

[First Example] Hereinafter, an uninvented combustion method will be described in 1. will be explained together with illustrated embodiments of the combustion apparatus of the invention. Pulse variable combustion 'J, 21S shown in FIG. A combustion chamber K is formed between the combustion chamber K and the exhaust pipe 5 by disposing a flameproof trap 6 to prevent the combustion. The trap 6 is fixed and slidably arranged on a moving rod 6a, and the other end of the rod 6a is connected to the combustion tJ4.
It protrudes from the bell crank 7 and is connected to the long hole 7a of the bell crank 7. The combustion cylinder 4 is connected with a ventilation cylinder 8 that communicates with the intake chamber N formed on the opposite side of the combustion chamber via the trap 6, and an opening/closing damper 9 that can close the ventilation cylinder 8 is provided at the connected part.
is installed. The damper 9 has an orifice 9C formed in the center thereof, and a lever 10 is connected to the protruding end of a central support tube 9a that serves as a rotational fulcrum.
It is arranged so that it can be rotated 90 degrees as the lever 10 rotates. Further, the support pipe 9a of the damper 9 is connected to a low-load supply pipe 11 from a fuel supply device 1 (not shown) equipped with a combustion pressure tank or a combustion pressure pump. Furthermore, an orifice hole 9b is formed in the center of the support tube 9a, and guides the fuel from the supply tube 11 (see Fig. 5).The lever 10 is connected with a pin at the long hole of the bell crank lOa. be. 12 is a fuel supply pipe for high loads and is a separate fuel supply bag!
(not shown), and the injection nozzle 12a at its tip
is arranged inside the ventilation cylinder 8. Reference numeral 13 denotes a gas check valve having both high load and low load valves, which has a valve seat 14 and barrier membranes 15 and 16, and is disposed in the expanded portion of the one-way cylinder 8. The valve seat 14 is as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Made of extruded aluminum with a thickness of 2 to 1 cm. It is made of heat-resistant plastic or the like with circular passage holes E and F formed in a honeycomb shape, and a mounting hole 14a is formed in the center thereof, and a mounting ring 14b having a short diameter is integrally molded from the axis thereof. The passage hole E on the inner circumference of the ring 14b is an air intake hole for low loads, and the passage hole F on the outer circumference of the ring 14b is an air intake hole for high loads. As shown in FIG. 4, a barrier W116 covering the inner circumference of the ring 14b is bolted to the mounting hole 14a in the center, and a ring-shaped barrier membrane 15 covering the outer circumference of the ring 14b is bolted to the mounting hole 14a in the center. A retaining ring body 17 is attached to the ring 14b. These shields [115, 16] are made of phosphor bronze or nylon and have a thickness of 0.1 to 065 mm. In addition, 18 is a valve stopper in which a passage hole is formed, and acts as a stopper to restrict the deflection of the shutoff fi 15.18. Further, the control means for linking the trap 6, the fuel supply device, and the intake air adjustment mechanism is such that the position of the trap 6 is changed via the bell crank 7 by a wire W pulled by the operation of a throttle (not shown). This configuration allows fuel and air to be variably supplied at an air-fuel ratio that corresponds to the variable volume of the combustion chamber. In this example, since there is a two-step change of high load and low load, the fuel and intake amount according to the variable air-fuel ratio can be calculated in advance.
Proximity switches 19a and 19b detect the position of lever IO, and the position is transmitted from computer CP to steering motor M.
It is equipped with a linking mechanism that rotates the bell crank lOa in response to a command to open and close the opening/closing valve, and a linking mechanism that selects the operation option using the needle valve of the fuel supply pipe 11 and 12, allowing variable control to be performed. It is. The operation of this example configured in this manner will be explained together with the method of the present invention. The state shown in Figure 1 is for high-load combustion where the trap 6 is fixed at the highest position 21 from the exhaust stack 5 (left end in Figure 2), and in this state, the volume of the combustion chamber is is the maximum. The combustion action is the same as in the conventional method; at first, air is supplied by a blower, but then the combustion occurs by self-suction, resulting in explosive combustion. At this time, the control means connected to the rod 6a of the trap 6 flexes the blocking membranes 15 and 16 from the passage holes E and F in the entire valve seat 14 of the gas check valve 13 to take in air, and the opening/closing damper Air suitable for high loads passes through the fully open position of 9. Due to this air inflow, an amount of fuel suitable for the high load is sucked from the injection nozzle 12a of the fuel supply pipe 12 for high loads and flows into the intake chamber N at an optimum air-fuel ratio. Therefore, high-load explosive combustion can be properly carried out in the large-volume combustion chamber. Note that the position of the trap 6 can be easily made immovable by fixing the rod 6a. In the case of low-load combustion, the throttle is actuated to move the trap 6 to a predetermined position toward the exhaust pipe 5 via the rod 6a (see plate Mk & in FIG. 1), and the proximity switch 19b detects this. The lever lO is rotated 90 degrees via the computer CP and the stepping motor M, and the opening/closing damper 9 is rotated to shut off the inside of the ventilation cylinder 8, and the fuel supply from the high-load fuel supply pipe 12 is stopped. Only fuel supply equipment for low loads! ! Fuel is supplied from the supply pipe 11 to the support pipe 9a of the damper 9 by continuous operation.
At this time, since the barrier membranes 15 and 16 were made of materials with different Young's modulus or by changing the thickness, the elastic restoring force of the barrier membranes 15 and 16 was used to separate the membranes from the high-load passage hole F on the outer periphery of the ring 14b. The air is prevented from flowing in, and the air flows in only from the low-load passage hole E in the inner circumference of the ring Z4b. Air passes through the passage hole E, and the flow rate is reduced to rI at the orifice 9C of the damper 9.
The fuel supplied to the support pipe 9a is sucked while being heated, flows from the intake chamber N into the combustion chamber K, and is combusted at a low load. Then, when performing high-load combustion again, set trap 6 to the first
It is only necessary to return to the position as shown in the figure, and in conjunction with this, the opening/closing damper 9 opens and fuel is supplied from the high-load fuel supply pipe 12, and air is removed from the passage holes E and F in the entire area of the check valve 13. It gets stuck in there and burns up. In addition, even during high load combustion, the orifice hole 9 for low load
Although fuel from b is continuously supplied, it may be stopped. Further, according to experiments, the temperature of the valve seat 14 was only increased to a maximum of 60° C., and it was found that the valve seat 14 had excellent durability. In this way, according to this example, the combustion chamber K can be varied by the sliding displacement of the trap 6, and fuel and air at an air-fuel ratio corresponding to the combustion chamber capacity can be taken in, so that high and low load combustion can be performed continuously for any 11 times. It can be burned. Note that the cycle of aspiration is set using the Helmholtz formula. This is because the volume of the intake chamber naturally changes as the volume of the combustion chamber changes, and the conventional Schmidt cannot be used. This also applies to the following second example.

[2nd J! EXAMPLE Next, the example shown in FIG. 6 will be described. The configuration different from the previous example is the combustion t! 1t20 is made straight and the flameproof trap 21 is fixed, and a movable partition 22 having an exhaust pipe 22at connected thereto is slidably inserted into the combustion pipe 20 without connecting an exhaust pipe to the combustion pipe. It is in. The movable partition 22 has a truncated cone-shaped penetrating portion 22b that becomes narrower toward the rear and is transparent from the distal end surface of the exhaust pipe 22a.
is connected to. Other opening/closing damper 9 with orifice 9b+t, backflow prevention valve 13, etc. have the same configuration as the previous example. According to the second embodiment, the movable partition body 22 is provided with 8-2.
The capacity of the combustion chamber changes by sliding the movable partition body 22 in the operation of step 3, and in conjunction with this change, the air-fuel ratio of fuel and air according to the combustion chamber capacity is adjusted in the same manner as in the previous example. This allows for continuous combustion with arbitrary load combustion. The state shown in FIG. 6 is the position of the movable partition 22 during low-load combustion, and the movable partition 22 slides to the rear end of the combustion tube 20 during high-load combustion. Although this example is configured as described above, the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the variable combustion method is not limited to two-stage switching of high load and low Q load, but may also be a multi-stage or continuous combustion type, which is calculated in advance according to the variable volume of the combustion chamber. This can be achieved by variably supplying fuel and air to achieve an air-fuel ratio. In this case, the fuel may be gas as well as liquid, and in either case, a jet nozzle equipped with a check valve may be used in the fuel analects. Further, even in the case of a valveless type pulse combustion apparatus that does not have a combustion gas inverse ratio valve, combustion can be performed with variable combustion chamber capacity as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. On the other hand, in a variable combustion device, irrespective of the structure of the flameproof trap or movable partition for preventing backflow of combustion pressure, it is also appropriate to arrange it so that it can slide. In addition, a fuel supply device that can supply fuel to the intake side of the combustion cylinder according to a predetermined load from high load to low load, and a fuel supply device that can supply fuel to the intake side of the combustion cylinder according to a predetermined load from high load to low load. The configuration of the intake air adjustment mechanism that can supply air to the intake chamber within the fuel tank is also arbitrary. 9 Instead of having multiple supply pipes and injection nozzles of the fuel supply device as in this example, this is used as one and the pressure change applied there is utilized. A configuration may also be used in which the supply amount is regulated. Intake condition! ! ! The mechanism may also be a bridge mW that changes the hole area by moving a cone-shaped movable body 25 back and forth in the partition hole portion as shown in FIG. Furthermore, the trap or movable partition, the fuel supply device, and 213! The configuration of the control means that can variably supply fuel and air at an air-fuel ratio according to the variable volume of the combustion chamber by sliding displacement of the trap or movable partition by linking with the air adjustment mechanism does not matter. The trap or movable partition is moved by a servo motor, and the fuel supply system and intake air adjustment mechanism can be controlled proportionally. ! A configuration in which they are connected may be used, and various configurations can be adopted. Effects of the Invention According to the variable combustion method of claim 1, since variable combustion can be performed by changing the combustion chamber capacity in multiple stages or continuously from high load to low load, it is possible to change the combustion chamber capacity appropriately between high load and low load. This is a ground-breaking invention that has the great effect of enabling continuously variable combustion and realizes the versatility of a pulse combustor. Further, according to the variable combustion device according to claim 2. Appropriate continuous variable combustion between high load and low load is easy, and it has the effect of being able to cope with changes in fuel. Furthermore, according to the variable combustion device of claim 3. This has the effect of simplifying the shape of the combustion tube and the configuration of the intake chamber. In addition, in the fourth aspect, the configuration is simplified due to the two-stage variable combustion, and in the fifth aspect, the configuration of the fuel supply device is -Rf'l1m.
The configuration of the exhaust pipe can be simplified and the cost can be reduced.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional plan view showing the first embodiment of the device of the present invention; FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the valve seat of the check valve; FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view of the check valve; The figure is a side view from the back side of the check valve. FIG. 5 is a side view of the opening/closing damper in the closed state, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional plan view of the second embodiment of the device of the present invention. FIGS. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of a separate main part of the intake G4 adjustment mechanism. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional plan view of a conventional pulse jet engine. 9: Opening/closing damper, 9a: Support pipe. 9b Niorifice hole, 10, 23 Nilever, ll: Low load fuel supply pipe. 12: High load fuel supply pipe, 12a: Injection nozzle, 13: Gas backflow prevention valve. 14: valve seat, 15, 16: blocking membrane, 22: movable partition, 22b: jt passage part. May 10, 1988 28 Name of the invention Pulse variable combustion method and pulse variable combustion device 3 Relationship with the 5 amendments Special notes Applicant name Hisataka Ogawa 4, Agent Address: 453 Den, ¥, 1i052(452)5
2256. Number of claims increased by amendment O (Contents of amendment) 1. Amend "samemono" on page 8, line 8 of the specification to "suemono". 2. Change “combustion pressurization” on page 11, line 9 of the same page to “fuel pressurization”
Correct to. 3. Correct "combustion pumping" on the 10th line of page 11 to "fuel pumping". 4. Correct "As shown in Figure 4" on the 11th line of page 12 to "As shown in Figure 4." 5, page 15, line 12, page 16, line 12, page 18, line 1, line 2, page 19, line 1, and page 20, line 9 Correct each "capacity" in the row to "volume". that's all

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A method of arranging a flameproof trap to prevent backflow of combustion pressure on the intake side of the combustion tube and causing combustion in a combustion chamber formed between the exhaust tube and the combustion chamber, in which the trap is slid; Alternatively, the volume of the combustion chamber is varied by sliding a movable partition that is inserted into the combustion chamber and communicates with the exhaust stack, and fuel and air are variably supplied in accordance with the variable volume of the combustion chamber for combustion. A pulse variable combustion method characterized by: (2) In pulse combustion in which a flameproof trap is placed on the intake side of the combustion tube to prevent backflow of combustion pressure and a combustion chamber is formed between it and the exhaust tube, the trap is slidably placed and A fuel supply device that can supply fuel to the intake side of the combustion cylinder according to a predetermined load from load to low load, and an intake chamber in the combustion cylinder that adjusts the amount of air according to a predetermined load from high load to low load. The trap, the fuel supply device, and the intake air adjustment mechanism are linked to each other, so that fuel and air can be variably supplied at an air-fuel ratio according to the variable volume of the combustion chamber by the movable displacement of the trap. A variable pulse combustion device characterized by comprising a control means. (3) In a pulse combustion device in which the combustion chamber is partitioned by fixedly disposing a flameproof trap on the intake side of the combustion cylinder to prevent backflow of combustion pressure, a movable partition inside the combustion chamber communicates the exhaust pipe and the combustion chamber. A fuel supply device that slidably houses the body and can supply fuel to the intake chamber in the combustion cylinder according to a predetermined load from high load to low load, and an air supply device that can supply fuel according to a predetermined load from high load to low load to the intake chamber. The movable partition body, the fuel supply device, and the intake air adjustment mechanism are linked to each other, so that the volume of the combustion chamber can be changed by the movable displacement of the movable partition body. What is claimed is: 1. A variable pulse combustion device comprising a control means capable of variably supplying fuel and air at an air-fuel ratio according to the air-fuel ratio. (4) Claim 2, wherein the combustion chamber has a two-stage variable volume for high load and low load, and the fuel injection nozzle of the fuel supply device is arranged in the intake flow path separately for high load and low load. Or the variable pulse combustion device according to item 3. (5) The intake adjustment mechanism has an opening/closing damper disposed in the intake flow path, and an orifice for low-load intake is formed in the central part that serves as the rotational fulcrum of the opening/closing damper. 5. The variable pulse combustion device according to claim 2, wherein the ejection nozzle is arranged in an open manner. (6) The variable pulse combustion device according to claim 3, wherein the variable pulse combustion device is constituted by a movable partition body having an exhaust pipe extending from the combustion chamber.