JPH01178631A - Forming method for shell construction and coupling construction of grating unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a shell construction with high flexibility of a shape and with high strength by curving and deforming bar-like substances against their bending elasticity, coupling them by a coupling means and coupling a plurality of grating-like units formed along the curved surface of a shell construction each other. CONSTITUTION:Bar-like flexible substances 1A and 1B are coupled by a coupling means (J) in such conditions that they are capable of moving relatively around the axial core along their superposition direction at a cross section X and that they are capable of traveling lengthwise of the bar-like substance of the cross section X, and grating-like units (U) are formed. The bar-like substances 1A and 1B are curved and deformed against their bending elasticity, and are coupled by the coupling means (J). A plurality of units (U) are formed along the curved surface of a shell construction to couple each other. Accordingly, the shell construction with high flexibility of a shape and with high strength can be easily formed.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention provides a shell structure in which a curved surface is formed by curved deformation of flexible rod-like bodies combined in a lattice shape against their own bending elasticity and deformation of the lattice shape. The present invention relates to a method of forming an object and a connecting structure used to implement the method.

More specifically, a plurality of vertical and horizontal flexible rod-like bodies, such as wood and metal pipes, which have rigidity as building members but can be elastically deformed, are arranged in rows and arranged in rows, and are overlapped to form a vertical and horizontal lattice. Afterwards, at each intersection of the vertically flexible rod-like body and the horizontally flexible rod-like body, the relative rotation of both the flexible rod-like bodies about the axis along the overlapping direction of the two flexible rod-like bodies is Both flexible rods are connected to each other in a state in which both flexible rods at the intersection are freely movable in the longitudinal direction, and the flexible rods are resisted against their bending elasticity. deforming the lattice-like aggregate structure of the flexible rod-like bodies into a predetermined shape along a desired curved surface, and relative rotation of both the flexible rod-like bodies and movement of the intersection portion by means of a coupling means. The present invention relates to a method for forming a shell structure in which a shell structure is fixed and formed into a shell structure having a predetermined shape, and a connection structure used to carry out the method.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, as a method for forming the above-mentioned shell structure, a plurality of flexible rod-like bodies are formed into a single lattice-like aggregate structure corresponding to the shell structure, and a predetermined part of the lattice-like aggregate structure is suspended. While it is lifted and deformed into a predetermined shape along a desired curved surface, the relative rotation of both flexible rods of the single lattice aggregate structure and the movement of the intersection are fixed by a coupling means. Methods are known (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 5
0-1519).

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, in the case of the above-mentioned conventional method, the shell structure is formed by deforming a single lattice-like aggregate structure of flexible rod-like bodies. There is a problem in that it is difficult to increase the degree of susceptibility to deformation into various shapes.

In other words, the deformation of the lattice-like aggregate structure into a predetermined shape along the desired curved surface for forming this type of shell structure is as follows:
The flexible rod-like body itself is deformed in a curved manner against its own bending elasticity, and as a result of the curved deformation, the vertically flexible rod-like body and the horizontally flexible rod-like body are different in crossing posture, and the flexible rod-like bodies intersect with each other. The difference in the distance between the parts and the deviation in the relative position inside and outside of the deformed curved surface are determined by the relative rotation of the flexible rods at the intersection and the longitudinal direction of the flexible rod at the intersection. Since this is done by absorbing it by movement, it is possible to greatly deform a single lattice-like aggregate structure corresponding to the entire shell structure, or to deform locally with a different curvature from other parts. In this case, the amount of relative positional deviation between the inside and outside of the curved surface that occurs due to deformation gradually increases as you move away from a certain point, and the crossing section necessary to absorb this The amount of movement of the lattice-like aggregate structure gradually increases, so in order to deform the lattice-like aggregate structure without any problems, all of the lattice-like aggregate structures must be In the section, flexibility is provided to allow relative rotation between the vertically flexible rod-like body and the horizontally flexible rod-like body at the intersection and movement of the intersection (specifically, for example, the vertically flexible rod-like body at the intersection It is necessary to make the bolt hole for the bolt for connecting and fixing the transversely flexible rod-shaped body larger than the outer diameter of the bolt to match the maximum value of the required movement amount.

However, increasing the flexibility of the vertically flexible rod-like body and the horizontally flexible rod-like body inevitably means enlarging the notch or through hole for the flexible rod-like body, which reduces the cross-sectional defect of the flexible rod-like body. becomes large, which makes the shell structure as a whole structurally unsound. On the other hand, increasing the cross section of the flexible rod-like body in order to increase flexibility (increasing the cross-section of the flexible rod-like body in order to have greater flexibility hinders the ease of bending and deforming the flexible rod-like body) On the other hand, in order to allow deformation without disturbing the overall structure of the shell structure, the flexibility at each intersection is adjusted to a size that matches the amount of movement required at each intersection. However, since the structure of the intersection part is not constant, it is disadvantageous in terms of manufacturing the flexible rod-like body. It was difficult to increase the degree of freedom in the shape of the shell structure by deforming it.

In addition, when it is necessary to change the shape of a molded shell structure, all longitudinal flexibility is The work had to be done with the flexible rod-like body and the horizontally flexible rod-like body loosened, resulting in poor workability.

In view of the above-mentioned circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for molding a shell structure with a high degree of freedom in shape and advantageous in terms of manufacturing with good workability, including correcting and changing the shape after molding; The object of the present invention is to provide a connection structure useful in carrying out the method.

[Means to solve the problem]

The feature of the method for forming a shell structure according to the present invention is that when a shell structure having a predetermined shape is constructed from a plurality of lattice units, a plurality of vertical and horizontal flexible rod-like bodies arranged in rows and columns are formed into a vertical and horizontal lattice shape. At each intersection of the vertically flexible rod and the horizontally flexible rod, the relative rotation of both flexible rods about the axis along the overlapping direction of the rods is determined. A plurality of lattice units are formed by connecting both flexible rod-like bodies to each other in a state in which both flexible rod-like bodies at the intersection are freely movable and in a state in which both flexible rod-like bodies at the intersection are freely movable in the length direction. each of the lattice units in a state that allows relative rotation of both flexible rod-shaped bodies and movement of the intersection part,
The method involves bending and deforming the flexible rod-like body against its bending elasticity to transform it into a predetermined shape of the lattice unit along a desired curved surface, and then connecting it to the deformed lattice unit.

Further, the characteristic configuration of the connecting structure of the lattice units according to the present invention is that the connecting ends of the flexible rod-like bodies of adjacent lattice units come into contact with the surfaces along the length direction, thereby changing the posture of both the flexible rod-like bodies. Each of the flexible rod-like bodies is connected to the regulating plate through an engaging means that engages the flexible rod-like body in a state that restricts movement of the flexible rod-like body in the longitudinal direction with respect to the plate. It is at a fixed point.

[For production]

According to the shell structure forming method of the present invention, the shell structure is constructed as a set of a plurality of lattice units. Even if the amount of deformation of the unit can be reduced, and even if the shell structure is deformed greatly or only one part of it is deformed with a different curvature from the other parts, the amount of deformation that occurs in each lattice unit The maximum value of the amount of movement of the intersection portion required to absorb the deviation in relative position between the inside and outside of the deformed curved surface can be reduced.

Therefore, the flexibility of the vertically flexible rods and the horizontally flexible rods at the intersection of each lattice unit can be achieved in a single lattice structure corresponding to the entire shell structure. It is possible to increase the size of all parts of the grid unit according to the maximum amount of movement required for each intersection. By making the height the same, the structure of the intersection can be unified.

Since the shell structure is formed by sequentially connecting and fixing a plurality of lattice units, each relatively small lattice unit has a small influence on the forming process, so that the desired shape can be achieved. It is easy to deform into a predetermined shape along a curved surface, and by sequentially connecting the deformed lattice units, the overall shape can be determined in small parts. The overall shape of the shell structure can be easily and accurately made to follow a desired curved surface.

Therefore, the disadvantage of deforming a single lattice aggregate structure that corresponds to the entire shell structure at once is that the deformation of one part affects the shape of all other parts. It is possible to avoid the need for a long time to transform the shell structure into a planned shape along the desired curved surface, and even when molding a shell structure with a complicated shape, the shape is By being able to determine this, it is possible to reduce the need for correction in the resulting shell structure.

In addition, even if it becomes necessary to make corrections or change the shape of the obtained shell structure, the dimensions of the flexible rods due to the deformation can be changed by changing the dimensions of the flexible rods at the connection parts between the lattice units. It can be absorbed by cutting or adding parts to the body, so if you remove only the lattice unit of the part that requires deformation and release the fixation between the vertically flexible rod-like body and the horizontally flexible rod-like body in that lattice unit, In many cases, the work can be reduced to the minimum necessary and the shape changing work can be speeded up.

In addition, if the flexible rod-like body of the lattice unit is formed to a length such that the ends of the lattice unit are aligned after being deformed into the planned shape of the lattice unit along the desired curved surface, When performing the deformation work, it is possible to confirm that the lattice unit has been deformed into the planned shape by checking that the ends of each flexible rod are aligned.
In addition to speeding up the deformation process, it also eliminates the need to adjust the dimensions of the flexible rods in the length direction when connecting and fixing the lattice units together, making it possible to mold the shell structure even more quickly. It can be carried out.

Furthermore, according to the lattice unit connection structure according to the present invention,
The flexible rod-like bodies of each of the lattice units to be joined are fixed to the posture-regulating backing plate via the engagement means, so that the movement of the flexible rod-like bodies in the length direction is restricted. Transmission of the axial force between the pair of flexible rod-like bodies is reliably performed by the engagement of the pair of flexible rod-like bodies with the backing plate via the engagement means and the backing plate.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As a result, according to the method for forming a shell structure of the present invention,
Although it is possible to freely shape the overall shape of the shell structure, the flexible rods in each lattice unit do not need to have much flexibility.
There is no need to increase the cross-section of the flexible rod-shaped body, which would make bending and deformation work difficult. It is possible to unify the structure of the intersection without compromising the high degree of freedom in the overall shape or reducing strength, so there is less trouble in terms of manufacturing, work, and strength, and there is a high degree of freedom in shape. It is now possible to mold high shell structures. In addition, by connecting and fixing multiple lattice units while deforming them along the desired curved surface, the shape can be determined for each small part, so the overall molding work can be done quickly and accurately. Since deformation of the shell structure after molding only needs to be done on the necessary parts, it has become possible to perform corrections and shape changes not only during molding but also after molding with good work efficiency.

In particular, as in the method described in the examples below, after repeatedly connecting a lattice unit temporarily fixed to a planned shape to a deformed lattice unit, the overall shape is corrected as necessary. When the overall shape of the shell structure is completely fixed, the shell structure will have approximately the planned shape, and the overall shape can be corrected in that state. Modifications can be made while maintaining the data.

Furthermore, according to the lattice unit connection structure of the present invention, in the connecting portions of the lattice units, the axial force is ensured between the respective flexible rods, thereby making it possible to integrate the divided flexible rods. Therefore, in carrying out the method for forming a shell structure of the present invention, which can increase the degree of freedom in shape by configuring a shell structure as a set of lattice units, the connecting portions of the lattice units Structural weakening can be avoided, the whole shell structure can be made strong, and even though the flexible rod-like body is divided into parts, its bending deformation can be avoided compared to that of a single flexible rod-like body. It can be done in the same way and the overall shape of the shell structure can be made smooth.

Therefore, as a whole, we provide a forming method that can obtain a shell structure that is advantageous in terms of component production and is advantageous in terms of freedom of shape and strength, and has good forestry properties, and a connection structure that is useful in carrying out the method. Now you can.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on the drawings.

In the method for forming a shell structure according to the present invention, for example, when building a shell structure (S) as shown in FIG. 3, the shell structure (S) is formed into a predetermined shape along a desired curved surface Q. It's a method.

As shown in FIG. 4, the shell structure (S) includes a plurality of wooden flexible rod-shaped bodies (1) arranged in rows and columns.
These vertically flexible rod-like bodies (1
At each intersection (X) between A) and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B), bolt holes (la) and (Ib) formed in both the flexible rod-like bodies (1AC (1B)) are inserted. Bolt hole (la).

(1h) with a bolt (2) and a nut (3) having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the flexible rod-shaped body (1A).

Both flexible rod-like bodies (1A) and (1B) can freely rotate relative to each other around the axes along the overlapping direction of (1B), and both flexible rod-like bodies ( 1A), (1B)
Both flexible rod-shaped bodies (1
A>, (1B) A lattice-like assembly structure of the flexible rod-like bodies (1) is obtained by connecting the flexible rod-like bodies (1A) and (1B) with each other and deforming them in a curved manner against their bending elasticity. is deformed into a predetermined shape along the desired curved surface, and then the connecting means (
J) horizontally flexible rod-like body (1A) and horizontally flexible rod-like body 1B
) by tightening the bolts (2) and nuts (3) at each intersection (X), both the flexible rod-shaped bodies (1A),
This is a so-called wooden lattice shell in which the relative rotation of (1B) and the movement of the intersection (X) are fixed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, this shell structure (S) is supported by an RC support part (4) which is a fixing part.

The method for molding a shell structure (S) according to the present invention is basically characterized in that the above-described shell structure (S) is molded by combining a plurality of lattice units (II).

Each lattice unit (U) consists of a plurality of vertical and horizontal flexible rod-like bodies (1') arranged in rows, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 (a) and (0). They are stacked alternately in two stages in both the vertical and horizontal directions so as to form a grid, and at each intersection (X) of the vertically flexible rod-like body (1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B'). , which have an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the bolt holes (la) and (lb), which pass through the bolt holes (la) and (lb) formed in both flexible rod-like bodies (1A') and (1B'), respectively. By bolt (2) and nut (3),
Both flexible rod-like bodies (1A') around the axis along the overlapping direction of these two flexible rod-like bodies (1A''), (1B''),
(1B'') can freely rotate relative to each other, and both flexible rods (1A'') and (1B') of the intersection part (X) can freely move in the longitudinal direction. Flexible rod-shaped body (1A'),
(1B”) are connected together.

Specifically, the lattice unit (II) is shown in FIG.
The basic unit (Il,) shown in [1B
) is shown in Fig. 5 (b), which has a configuration in which three pieces are connected and fixed [4 m
x12m] rectangular expansion unit ([I
There are two sizes available: e).

The basic unit ([1B) and the expansion unit (Ue) are combined as appropriate to form a shell structure (S) with a predetermined shape along a predetermined curved surface, using the intersection of each lattice unit ([1)]. Bending each of the flexible rod-like bodies (1") in a state that allows relative rotation of both flexible rod-like bodies (1A") and (1B') at the part (X) and movement of the intersection part (X). By bending and deforming each lattice unit (U) against elasticity, each lattice unit (U) is shaped along a desired curved surface.
The vertically flexible rod-like body (1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B') are deformed into the planned shape, and the differences in the crossed postures of the vertically flexible rod-like body (1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B'), as well as the differences in the distances between the crossing parts (X), are determined. The relative positional deviations between the inside and outside of the deformed curved surface are measured using a vertically flexible rod-shaped body (1A') at each intersection (X).
) and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B'') and the movement of the crossing parts (X), and each crossing part (X
) is temporarily fixed by tightening the bolt (2) and nut (3), which are the coupling means (J), and then fixedly connected to the deformed lattice unit (U) repeatedly.

The lattice unit connection structure according to the present invention is a connection structure for fixedly connecting the above-mentioned plurality of lattice units (U) to each other, and includes a plurality of rows of vertically flexible rods (1A
') horizontally flexible rod-shaped bodies (1B') or multiple rows of horizontally flexible rods
) As shown in FIG. 6, this is done by joining the parts by butting them together in the length direction via the joint hardware (5). This joint hardware (5) is made by bending hardware (5A) and (5B) into a pair of scalene shapes, respectively, in the length direction of a pair of flexible rod-shaped bodies (1°) to be joined. The inner peripheries of the flexible rod-like bodies (1') are made to coincide or almost coincide with each other by abutting the two sides of the rectangular fold along the length of the flexible rod-like bodies (1').
1′) by holding it while straddling both flexible rods (
1'), and the pair of hardware (58>,
, (5B) and separately through the pair of flexible rod-like bodies (1'), by tightening a pair of bolts (5C) and nuts (5D).゛) They are joined together via a pair of hardware (5A) and (5B) that serve as backing plates.

A pair of flexible rod-shaped bodies (1"
) are restricted from moving in the longitudinal direction of each other, and in both vertical and horizontal directions when viewed in cross section, and the axial force between the pair of flexible rod-shaped bodies 1') to be joined is restricted. As a result, the bending rigidity at this joint can be increased while ensuring reliable transmission of
), each lattice unit (IJ) is deformed by the curved deformation of It can be firmly connected and fixed.

That is, each of the two flexible rod-shaped bodies (1°) to be joined is fixed to a pair of metal fittings (5A) and (5B) that are backing plates (5C) and oak (5D).
is engaged with the flexible rod-like body (1') in a state that restricts the longitudinal movement of the flexible rod-like body (1') with respect to the pair of hardware (5A) and (5B), and the above-mentioned It constitutes a engagement means (CM) that enables reliable transmission of axial force.

Moreover, this joint hardware (5) is a pair of hardware (5A).

By having a divided configuration consisting of (5B),
The work of connecting and fixing the lattice units (U) to each other by joining the flexible rod-shaped bodies (1') can be performed with good workability.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, the upper flexible rod-shaped body (1')
the fitting hardware (5) and the lower flexible rod (1°)
The joint fittings (5) are arranged at different positions along the length of the flexible rod (1') to avoid stress concentration. At the end of each lattice unit (U), the upper and lower flexible rods (1') are extended longer than the other flexible rods (1'), and the lattice unit (U) is extended longer than the other flexible rod (1'). To connect and fix the two flexible rod-like bodies (1°) to each other at the two joint positions shown in the figure, a flexible rod-like body (1°) that is perpendicular to the flexible rod-like bodies (1°) is connected at the intermediate position between the joint positions. This is done by interposing a flexible rod (1') like the other parts and tightening a bolt (2) and a nut (3).

Next, the method for molding the shell structure (S) according to the present invention,
The steps will be explained in order.

[1] The five lattice units (U) constituting the central part of the shell structure (S,) shown in Fig. The flexible rod-like bodies C1A') and (1B') are bent in a state that allows relative rotation between the flexible rod-like body (1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B') and movement of the intersection part (X). A lattice unit that curves and deforms against elasticity and follows a predetermined curved surface.
These vertically flexible rod-like bodies (
1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-shaped body (1B') by means of coupling (J
) After temporary fixing by temporarily tightening the bolts (2) and nuts (3), each lattice unit (U) is adjusted so that the dimensions of each vertically flexible rod-shaped body (1A") are aligned and each other's These five lattice units (b) are connected and fixed by joining and assembled into a predetermined shape along a predetermined curved surface. A set of units (, [I) is suspended by a crane, etc., and positioned at the planned construction site, and both ends of the unit are suspended from supporting walls (
4) is fixed.

[3] Thereafter, as shown in FIG.
The bending elasticity of both the flexible rods R-shaped body (18">, (1B') The lattice unit (
While deforming into the planned shape of U), each intersection (X)
The shell structure (S) is formed from its central part to both sides by sequentially repeating the steps of temporarily fixing the shell structure (S) and connecting and fixing it to the deformed lattice unit ([,1) already located at the planned construction location. go.

For example, as shown in Fig. 2, the work involves constructing a framework scaffold (6) inside the framework scaffold (6) and supporting the transformed lattice unit (U) with supports (7) and stay wires (8). ), the next lattice unit (Ll) is carried by the crane (9) to the planned construction site and connected and fixed to the transformed lattice unit (U).

[41 As shown in Figure 1 (d), after repeating the steps in step 31 above and completing the overall shape of the shell structure (S), apply wind loads, etc. to appropriate locations as shown in Figure 9. After attaching a place (10) to resist external force and correcting the overall shape as necessary, each temporarily fixed intersection part (X) is permanently fixed to form a shell structure into a predetermined shape. The construction of (S) is completed. Thereafter, although not shown, a membrane is attached on top of the shell structure (S) to complete the building.

As mentioned above, the method for forming a shell structure according to the present invention is a method of forming a plurality of lattice units (II) and connecting and fixing the plurality of lattice units (U). The amount of deformation in (II) can be made smaller than the amount of deformation of the entire shell structure (S) obtained, and each lattice unit (U) can be wiped with the inside and outside of the deformed curved surface caused by deformation. Since it is possible to reduce the maximum value of the required movement amount of the intersection (X) to absorb the relative position deviation at the intersection (X
), the vertically flexible rod-like body (to I') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (
1B') (specifically, the bolts (2) for connecting and fixing the flexible rod-shaped bodies (1') at the intersection (X)
The bolt holes (la) and (lb) for the bolts (
2) can be made smaller and the same size in all parts of the lattice unit (II), thereby reducing the cross-sectional loss of each flexible rod (1°). Because it can be done, it does not cause much trouble to the overall structure of the obtained shell structure (S).
S) has the advantage of being easy to deform into a free shape.

Next, to explain the mounting structure of the above-mentioned places (10), as shown in FIG. 8(a) and (+), a pair of places (10) are provided in parallel,
1') Mounting hardware (
I1A) and (I1B) via eye clamps (12).

Two types of the above-mentioned mounting hardware (I1A) and (I1B) are available as shown in the figure, and each is a flexible rod-shaped body (
1゛) Bolts (2) and nuts (
3), and its mounting hardware (I1A), (
Long size (lla) for fixing I1B) with a combination of bolts and nuts or screws.

(llb).

In the mounting hardware (I1A) shown in FIG. 8(A), its length (Ila) is such that the intersection angle (θ) of the intersecting flexible rod-shaped bodies (1') is [ The bolt or screw is formed so that the bolt or screw can be reliably applied to the flexible rod (1) at any angle within the range of 60° to 90°. Also, the 8th
In the mounting hardware (11B) shown in Figure (b), the elongated hole (llb) has an intersection angle (θ) of the intersecting flexible rod-like bodies (1') of [90] on the construction side of the place (10). The bolt or screw is formed so that the bolt or screw can be reliably applied to the flexible rod (1') at any angle within the range of 120° to 120°. Therefore, by appropriately using either of the above-mentioned two types of mounting hardware (I1A) or (I1B) depending on the intersection angle (θ) between the flexible rod-shaped bodies (1''), the intersection angle (θ) can be adjusted.
), the place (10) is configured to be securely fixed to the intersection (X).

In other words, in each lattice unit (U), each flexible rod-like body (
1'), the shapes of the rectangles formed by the flexible rods (1') are different from each other, and when an external force such as a wind load is applied after forming the shell structure (S), Since the shape of each of these rectangles tries to further deform separately, the force applied to the place (10) is often different on both sides of the intersection (X). Therefore, in the fixed hardware (I1A), (llb) for attaching the place (10) to the intersection (X), the flexible rod-shaped body (
In addition to the combination of bolts (2) and nuts (3) for fixing 1") to each other, the fixing hardware (I
1A).

By configuring the (11B) so that it can be fixed to the flexible rod-like body (1"), large deviations in the force applied to the bolts (2) for fixing the flexible rod-like bodies (1") can be minimized. Furthermore, the configuration for this purpose, as described above, includes two types of mounting hardware (I1A) regardless of the intersection angle (θ) between the flexible rod-shaped bodies (1°).

Since it is sufficient to prepare (I1B), it is possible to simplify and speed up product management from the production process to the site as well as the construction itself.

[Another example]

Next, another example of the present invention will be listed.

1) In the previous example, the lattice units (tl) are sequentially transported to the planned construction location and the transformed lattice units (U)
We have explained how to form a shell structure (S) of the planned shape by repeatedly connecting and fixing the lattice units (U) to each other at a different location than the planned construction location. Shell structure (S
) may be transported to the planned construction site and supported by the fixing section (4).

2〉Vertical flexible rod-shaped body (
1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B"), instead of using the method explained in the previous embodiment, a lattice unit that is deformed into the planned shape of the lattice unit (U) along a desired curved surface is used. Even if the method is performed for each lattice unit (U) after connecting and fixing the lattice unit ([1) to the deformed lattice unit (U), the lattice unit ([1) can be connected and fixed to the lattice unit (U) along the desired curved surface. A method may also be used in which each lattice unit (U) is transformed after being transformed into the planned shape of [1] and before being connected and fixed to the transformed lattice unit (U).

<3> The size of each lattice unit (U), the number of lattice units (1) constituting the shell structure (S), etc. can be changed as appropriate.゛〈4〉Vertical flexible rod-like body (1A') and horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B'
) can be changed as appropriate, for example, the 10th
As shown in the figure, a pair of vertically flexible rods (1A') may be used to hold one horizontally flexible rod (1B") from above and below, or as shown in FIG. The structure may be a combination of a vertically flexible rod-like body (1A') and a horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B'').

<5> As in the previous embodiment or the embodiment shown in FIG. The joint hardware (5) for each flexible rod-shaped body (1') in the connecting part is placed in the middle part of the pair of intersection parts (X), as shown in Figure 21, instead of the position shown in Figure 6. They may be located at different positions along the length of the flexure rod (1').

However, in order to make the shape after molding smoother, it is preferable that the upper and lower joint hardware (5) be separated by a large distance. For example, as shown in Figure 5 (0), there should be two intersections in the middle (X) may be placed apart. The separation distance between the joint hardware (5) and the number of intersecting parts (X) to be interposed in between are determined by taking into consideration both the workability when connecting the lattice units (II) and the necessary smoothness of the shape. You just have to decide.

6> Vertically flexible rod-like body (1A') and horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B
') so that they can be freely rotated relative to each other and the intersection part (X) can be freely moved in the length direction of the flexible rod-shaped body (1゛) can be changed as appropriate, Instead of the configuration described in the example, as shown in FIG. 12, a bolt hole (la) is formed in the flexible rod-shaped body (1').

(1b) in the length direction I of each flexible rod-shaped body (1')
:1A.

<7> Flexible rod-shaped body (1″) between lattice units (U)
At the joining part, instead of joining the flexible rod-like bodies (1') by butting, the flexible rod-like bodies (1') are overlapped and tightened in the stacking direction to form the flexible rod-like bodies. The structure may be such that the bodies (1) are fixed together.

8> At the joint, the flexible rod-like bodies (1') between the grid units (II) are joined together using spring washers, disc springs (16) shown in Fig. 16, etc., in addition to washers. It may also be done through a member. In addition, a flexible rod-shaped body (1°
), if wood is used as the backing plate (5A>, (5B
) may have a reverse grain cut into the wood.

<9> Backing plate (5A) in joint hardware (5), (5
The shape of B) is arbitrary, and it can be U-shaped in cross section as shown in Fig. 17, or one (5A) shown in Fig. 18.
may be U-shaped in cross-section and the other (5B) may be flat, or furthermore, although not shown, both may be flat.

<10> Flexible rod-shaped body (1°) between lattice units (U)
At the joints between the lattice units (II), the flexible rod-like bodies (1") are configured to allow movement in the length direction, and when connecting and fixing the lattice units (II), the flexible rod-like bodies (1")
”) may be adapted to absorb changes in length due to deformation of the joint.

An example of this is a structure in which the bolt hole for the pole (5C) is formed as a long hole along the length of the flexible rod (1'').

<11> The connecting means (J) for fixing the flexible rod-like bodies (1'') at the intersection (X) of the flexible rod-like bodies (1') is shown in Fig. 13. As shown in FIG. This may be done through an elastic member such as a disc spring.Also, if the flexible rod-shaped body (1") is made of wood, the first
As shown in Figure 4, the protrusion E (13a) that bites into the wood
It may also be configured to be tightened via a plate material (13) having. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 15, elastic members (12) such as rubber may be interposed on both sides of the above-mentioned plate material (13) so as to be tightened.

<12> Instead of providing the coupling means (J) at the intersection (X) of the flexible rod-like bodies (1), at the intersection (X), The structure is such that the two flexible rods (1) of the intersection part (X) are connected so as to be rotatable and movable in the length direction, and as shown in FIG. 19, the parts that are different from the intersection part (X) Adjacent or appropriately spaced intersections ( As shown in the figure, the overall shape may be fixed by a truss structure (15) provided separately from the lattice aggregate structure of the flexible rods (1).

Further, the coupling means (J) is configured by combining the bolt (2) and nut (3) at the intersection (X) described in the previous embodiment, and the above-mentioned bar (14) or truss structure (1).
5) Alternatively, a configuration may be adopted in which both of these are used in combination, and the force for maintaining the planned shape of the shell structure (S) may be shared among the multiple configurations in which they are used in combination.

<13> As in the previous embodiment, when the coupling means (J) is configured by combining the bolt (2) and nut (3) at the intersection (X), the coupling means (J) is connected to all the intersections. It is not necessary to provide it in the portion (X), and it may be provided only in the intersection portion (X) at an appropriate location as long as the planned shape of the shell structure (S) can be maintained.

<14> The shape into which the shell structure (S) is to be molded is arbitrary and can be appropriately selected from various quadratic curved surfaces, cubic curved surfaces, etc. In addition, when forming into a curved surface that curves only in one direction, such as a cylindrical surface whose generatrix coincides with the length direction of either one of the flexible rods (18 or 1B), the direction perpendicular to the generatrix It is only necessary to bend and deform only the other flexible rod-shaped body (1B or 1A).

<15> The material of the flexible rod-shaped body (1) can be made of wood as described in the previous embodiment, metal such as aluminum or iron, or resin, and the bending deformation can be performed only by elastic deformation. The curved deformation may be performed by elastic deformation and plastic deformation.

<16> Although reference numerals are written in the claims section for convenience of comparison with the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the structures and methods shown in the accompanying drawings.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 9 show examples of the method for molding a shell structure and the connecting structure of lattice units according to the present invention, and Figures 1 (a) to 2) show steps in the molding method according to the method of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing an outline in the middle of the process, FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of the overall outline of the shell structure, and Fig. 4 is an outline of an example of the overall outline. 5(a) and 5(b) are plan views of the lattice unit, FIG. 6 is a side view of the joint portion of the flexible rod-shaped body, and FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing ■ Line cross-sectional view, Figure 8 (
(a) and (b) are plan views of essential parts, and FIG. 9 is an enlarged perspective view of a part of the shell structure. 10 to 21 show different embodiments, and FIGS. 10 to 15 are partially cutaway perspective views corresponding to FIG. 4 showing other embodiments of the intersection, and FIGS. 16 to 15 show different embodiments. Fig. 18 is a sectional view corresponding to Fig. 7 showing another embodiment of the joint hardware, Fig. 19 and Fig. 2
0 is a schematic view showing another embodiment of the coupling means, and FIG. 21 is a side view corresponding to FIG. 6 showing another embodiment of the joint portion of the flexible rod-shaped body. (1), (1”)...Flexible rod-shaped body, (1A),
C1A')...Vertical flexible rod-shaped body, (1B),
(1B')... Laterally flexible rod-shaped body, (5A),
(5B)...Packing plate, (X)...Cross section, (J)...Coupling means, (U)...
- Lattice unit, (CM)...Engagement means.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of vertical and horizontal flexible rod-like bodies (1) arranged in rows.
Lay them on top of each other in a vertical and horizontal grid pattern,
At each intersection (X) of the vertically flexible rod-like body (1A) and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B), both of the flexible rod-like bodies (1
A), in a state where both flexible rod-shaped bodies (1A) and (1B) can freely rotate relative to each other around the axis along the overlapping direction of (1B),
And both flexible rod-shaped bodies (1A) and (1B) of the intersection part (X)
Both flexible rod-shaped bodies (1
A) and (1B) are connected to each other, and the flexible rod-shaped body (1)
is curved against its bending elasticity to deform the lattice-like aggregate structure of the flexible rod-like body (1) into a predetermined shape along a desired curved surface, and the connecting means (J) The relative rotation of the flexible rods (1A) and (1B) and the intersection (X
) and fixed the shell structure of its planned shape (
S), in which the shell structure (S) having the predetermined shape is composed of a plurality of lattice units (U), a plurality of vertical and horizontal flexible rod-like bodies arranged in rows, respectively; (1') overlap each other in a vertical and horizontal grid pattern, and at each intersection (X) of the vertically flexible rod-like body (1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B'),
Both flexible rod-like bodies (1A'), (1
B') is in a state where relative rotation is free, and the intersection part (X)
Both flexible rod-like bodies (1A'), (1B') are movable in the longitudinal direction.
') A plurality of lattice units (U) are formed by connecting each other, and each of these plurality of lattice units (U) is controlled by relative rotation of both flexible rod-like bodies (1A') and (1B'). The flexible rod-shaped body (1') is curved against its bending elasticity while allowing the movement of the intersection part (X) to create a planned shape of the lattice unit (U) along a desired curved surface. A method of forming a shell structure which is connected to a transformed lattice unit (U) after being transformed into a shell structure. 2. The lattice unit (U) is
) Deformed lattice unit (U) into the planned shape
2. The method for forming a shell structure according to claim 1, wherein the lattice unit (U) is fixed in the predetermined shape by the connecting means (J) after being connected to the lattice unit (U). 3. The lattice unit (U)
) and fixed to the planned shape of the lattice unit (U) by the coupling means (J), and then connected to the deformed lattice unit (U). Method. 4. The flexible rod-shaped body (1') of the lattice unit (U) is
4. The method for molding a shell structure according to claim 1, wherein the shell structure is formed to a length such that its ends are aligned when the shell structure is deformed into the predetermined shape. 5. The vertically flexible rod-like body (1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B
') are overlapped alternately in double layers, and the intersection part (X
), both flexible rod-shaped bodies (1A')
, (1B') in a state in which both flexible rod-shaped bodies (1A') and (1B') can freely rotate relative to each other around the axes along the overlapping direction of Flexible rod-shaped body (1A'), (
A plurality of the above-mentioned lattice units (U) are formed by connecting both the flexible rod-like bodies (1A') and (1B') in a state in which the flexible rod-like bodies (1B') are freely movable in the length direction, and a plurality of these After deforming each of the lattice units (U) into the predetermined shape of the lattice unit (U) and temporarily fixing them to the predetermined shape of the lattice unit (U) by the coupling means (J), the deformed lattice units ( After the shell structure (S) having the planned shape or almost the planned shape is completed, the overall shape is corrected, and then each lattice unit (U) is connected to the lattice unit (U) by the connecting means (J). 2. The method of forming a shell structure according to claim 1, wherein the shell structure is formed into a shell structure having a predetermined shape by permanently fixing the predetermined shape of U). 6. A plurality of vertical and horizontal flexible rod-like bodies arranged in rows (1'
) are superimposed on each other in a vertical and horizontal grid pattern, and at each intersection (X) of the vertically flexible rod-like body (1A') and the horizontally flexible rod-like body (1B'), (1A'), (1B') are free to rotate relative to each other around the axis along the overlapping direction of (1A'), (1B'),
In addition, both flexible rod-shaped bodies (1A') and (1B
′) is a connecting structure of a plurality of lattice units (U) formed by connecting both flexible rod-like bodies (1A′) and (1B′) to each other while being freely movable in the length direction, A backing plate that comes into contact with a surface along the length direction at the connecting end of each flexible rod-like body (1') of the lattice unit (U) to regulate the posture of both flexible rod-like bodies (1'). (5A),
(5B), each of the flexible rod-shaped bodies (1'),
The flexible rod-shaped body (1
A connecting structure of lattice units fixed via engaging means (CM) that engages with the flexible rod-like body (1') in a manner that restricts longitudinal movement of the lattice unit.