JPH0956143A - Spiral motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain straight propulsion dependent on a magnetization direction by using, as a movable member, a metal which has its surface recessed spirally and has projecting sections being magnetized in N and S polarities alternately and allowing a pulse current to flow in an electromagnetic coil through a transistor. SOLUTION: An electromagnetic coil 3 is so assembled that only one phase may be excited at any point of time. When a first transistor is turned ON and thereby the electromagnetic coil 3 is excited, an S pole appears at the magnet rotor side. Since the S pole and an N pole attract each other, a magnet rotor 2 turns θ deg. and at the same time it goes straight ahead in the magnetized direction by (pxγ)/360 deg. while one pitch length is 'p'. Nextly, a second transistor is turned ON and all the other transistors are turned OFF and thereby only a second electromagnetic coil is excited. The second electromagnetic coil and the magnet rotor 2 attract each other and thereby the magnet rotor 2 turns 90 deg. and at the same time it goes stragiht ahead by p/4 while making a spiral motion. The same can be said of a third and a fourth transistor. As a result, a straight propulsion of one pitch length can be obtained with one rotation of the magnet rotor 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a linear drive mechanism based on pulse current in positioning control in the machine industry.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the prior art, a stepping motor is widely known as a drive mechanism portion of a positioning control device that depends on a pulse current, and it has an excellent advantage as a transducer for converting a pulse current into a rotation angle. In particular, it is used in printers and magnetic disk devices. The stepping motor is an indispensable motor as an actuator in digital control in recent years. However, it is unsuitable as a simple drive source because it needs a drive circuit in addition to draw out a drive force. Has been said. As a countermeasure against this, a simple linear drive device that combines a rotary stepping motor and a lead screw is produced, and is used in a considerable number of fields as a positioning device in the machine industry. On the other hand, with the recent development of linear motor technology, the demand as a linear drive source has increased, and it has been widely researched and developed in fields such as curtain rails, but currently, reduction of transportation cost is the most important issue. . Among them, a cylindrical linear pulse motor, which has the same operation principle as a flat plate linear pulse motor, has been newly researched. Therefore, paying attention to the highly accurate rotation characteristics and intermittent drive characteristics of the stepping motor, if the straight drive force can be directly drawn out with a simple structure without any other drive circuit, its effective use is not possible. It can be presumed to be various in the machine industry.

[0003]

Therefore, in view of the above situation, the present invention has as its object the N-pole surface of the rotor as compared with a rotary motor and a linear motor which is considered as a structure in which it is linearly developed. By using a unique solution that has never existed, such as magnetizing so that the S and S poles are arranged in a spiral pattern alternately, while utilizing the excellent rotation characteristics and intermittent drive characteristics of the stepping motor, Provided is a method for extracting a linear drive force without requiring a drive circuit.

[0004]

In the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, the surface of the metal 1 cut into a cylindrical shape is N
Magnetize in a spiral shape so that the poles and the S poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals,
This is used as a mover magnet rotor, or a metal 2 in which the surface is spirally grooved by cutting into a cylindrical shape and the N pole and S pole are alternately magnetized on the convex side is used as a mover magnet rotor. , Electromagnetic coil 3 on a plane perpendicular to the axial direction
Are arranged side by side to form a stator 4 to form an inner rotor type motor, and a pulse current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 3 through a transistor 5 to
By providing a stepwise rotation characteristic of phase excitation or two-phase excitation to the magnet rotor, a means for obtaining a straight driving force depending on a spiral magnetization direction is provided.

[0005]

The present invention takes the above-mentioned means, and the operation will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side view of a magnet rotor of a spiral motor according to the present invention shown in claim 1, which follows a spiral magnetization direction when a one-rotation characteristic is given to the magnet rotor. And the straight travel distance is p, and
The gap length with the electromagnetic coil is x.

FIG. 2 is a side view of the magnet rotor of the spiral motor of the present invention shown in claim 2, and the definitions of p and x are the same as above.

FIG. 3 is a basic circuit diagram for giving a stepwise rotation characteristic of one-phase excitation of the spiral motor of the present invention, in which four electromagnetic coils are arranged, but one electromagnetic coil is arranged at any time. It is assembled so that only the phases are excited, and there are two types, unipolar and bipolar, depending on the winding method. Also, the magnet rotors 1 and 2 at this time
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the stator 4 formed by the electromagnetic coil 3.

In the circuit diagram shown in FIG. 3, when only the transistor 5a is turned on to excite the electromagnetic coil 3a, an S pole is generated in the electromagnetic coil 3a on the magnet rotor side as shown in FIG. The magnet rotor rotates by an angle of θ degrees to attract the poles, and at the same time moves in accordance with the magnetized spiral direction. Therefore, when one pitch length is p, the magnet rotor moves straight for {(p × θ) / 360}.

Next, when only the transistor 5b is turned on and all the other transistors are turned off, only the electromagnetic coil 3b is excited, so that the electromagnet of the coil 3b is similarly formed, attracted to the magnet rotor, and magnetized. Since the rotor rotates 90 degrees in the same direction from the previous state and simultaneously makes a spiral motion, it goes straight for (p / 4) with respect to one pit length p.

Further, when the transistor 5c is turned on and all the other transistors are turned off, only the electromagnetic coil 3c is excited, so that the electromagnet 3c and the magnet rotor are attracted to each other in the same manner. Since it receives a rotation characteristic for a minute, it goes straight for a further (p / 4) length according to the magnetized spiral direction.

Similarly, when only the transistor 5d is turned on and the other transistors are turned off, only the electromagnetic coil 5d is excited to form an electromagnet, and the magnet rotor receives a rotation characteristic of 90 degrees (p. Go straight for the length of / 4).

Thereafter, by repeating this operation in sequence, the spiral motor continues a predetermined spiral motion, and goes straight for one pit length 1p every time one rotation characteristic is received.

The above is the operation principle of the spiral motor by the one-phase excitation operation. This method is easy to understand,
Since the vibration generated in the magnet rotor is suppressed only by a pure mechanical action, there is a drawback that the transient phenomenon is prolonged, which is not preferable. Therefore, next, FIG. 5 shows a two-phase excitation method in which the vibration is damped faster than the one-phase excitation method, and the operation principle of the spiral motor at this time is shown.

The circuit diagram shown in FIG. 5 is a three-phase spiral motor made of six electromagnetic coils. Two electromagnetic coils spatially located 180 degrees opposite to each other form one phase, and each electromagnetic coil has one phase. The wound coils are connected in series. However, two electromagnetic coils belonging to one phase form different poles. Also, there are two types, unipolar and bipolar, depending on the winding method.

If excited by the connection of FIG. 5, 3a, 3c, 3
The electromagnet e is an N pole, the electromagnets 3b, 3d, 3f are S poles, and the electromagnetic coils of each phase are on / off controlled by the respective transistors.

In FIG. 5, when a pulse current is passed through the electromagnetic coils 3a-3d by turning on the transistor 5a, a magnetic flux is generated from the N pole to the S pole, so that the magnetic resistance is minimized. If the magnet rotors are aligned and then rotated by an angle φ, then according to the spiral magnetization direction, {(p × φ) /
Go straight for a length of 360}.

Next, if the transistor 5a is turned off and the transistor 5b is turned on, the electromagnetic coils 3b-3e are excited. Immediately after that, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit rapidly increases, so that the magnetic resistance is minimized in order to minimize the magnet resistance. Rotational characteristics are added to the rotor and, at the same time, a spiral motion is performed, so that the rotor goes straight depending on the pulse current as described above. Similarly, in the case of the two-phase excitation, the linear drive is performed by the length of 1p each time the one-rotation characteristic is similarly added. However, the faster damping of the vibration applied to the magnet rotor is referred to as the one-phase excitation. The difference is in the characteristics.

Through the above operation, a point to be noted in the operation of the spiral motor is that the magnet rotor does not vibrate during the spiral movement, and the gap length x is kept stable. Here, a side view of the operation of the spiral motor in the small distance positioning control of several p is shown in FIG.
Shown in It can be seen that there is a spiral motion along the central axis of the magnet rotor.

When the magnet rotor is moved over a long distance which is many times as long as the total length of the magnet rotor, the stator used in the spiral motor is repeatedly installed in many stages as shown in FIG.

Throughout all the actions, the spiral motor is driven depending on the pulse current. Therefore, when stopping at a predetermined position in positioning control, it can be stopped more smoothly by using a slowdown, but stick-slip Be careful not to cause Also, when it is necessary to reciprocate using a spiral motor, this can be dealt with by reversing the excitation of the electromagnetic coil.

[0022]

The spiral motor of the present invention is most characterized in that the surface of the magnet rotor is magnetized in a spiral shape as described above, and one pit length per rotation controlled by pulse current is provided. By making it possible to provide a straight-ahead drive, along with the recent development of linear motor technology, it is highly conjectured that the demand for straight-ahead motors, not limited to conventional rotary-type motors, will increase. , Provides a new and distinctive and superior positioning control mechanism from the unprecedented viewpoint of driving new technological innovation in a wide range of fields in the machine industry and spirally driving a magnet coil. Moreover, since it is a magnetic levitation system structurally, it has a great advantage in mechanical engineering that it has less metal fatigue and less wear. Even in academic research, the spiral motor of the present invention is in the linear driving field of the prior art. It is certain that it will contribute as the next-generation linear drive mechanism. further,
While reduction of transportation costs is currently the most important issue for linear motors, spiral motors do not require the electromagnetic coils to be fully packed along the straight drive path, and because of their simple structure, economics It can be expected that even in the above, it will have a very interesting practical value.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a magnet rotor of a spiral motor described in claim 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a magnet rotor of a spiral motor described in claim 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a basic circuit diagram of one-phase excitation of the spiral motor of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of an electromagnetic coil surrounding a magnet rotor of a spiral motor of the present invention and a stator formed by the electromagnetic coil.

FIG. 5 is a basic circuit diagram of two-phase excitation of the spiral motor of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a side view showing an embodiment at a short distance of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing an embodiment of the present invention at a long distance.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Magnet rotor according to claim 1 ... Magnet rotor according to claim 2 ... Electromagnetic coil 4 ... Stator 5 ... Transistor 6 ... ·Electrical wire

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A metal (1) magnetized as a mover in a metal (1) which is machined into a cylindrical shape and is magnetized in a spiral so that N poles and S poles are alternately arranged at equal intervals. As a rotor,
The inner rotor type motor is formed by arranging the electromagnetic coil (3) on the plane perpendicular to the axial direction so as to surround the periphery and using this as the stator (4), and the electromagnetic coil (3). A pulsed current is passed through the transistor (5) to sequentially excite the magnet rotor (1), and a stepwise rotation characteristic is given to the magnet rotor (1) so that a linear driving force according to the spiral magnetization direction is obtained. Provides a spiral motor. 2. A metal (2), which is machined into a cylindrical shape, grooved on the surface in a spiral shape, and magnetized with N poles and S poles on the convex side in order at equal intervals, is used as a mover. The spiral motor according to claim 1, which is a magnet rotor of a rotor type motor.