JPH09326629A - Array antenna system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an array antenna system with which the linearly polarized wave of a little power unbalance between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization and the circularly polarized wave of a low elliptical polarization rate are transmitted or received from a rectangular opening face. SOLUTION: This antenna system is provided with plural orthogonal antenna elements 1 orthogonally arranged with feeder points while dividing the rectangular opening face into plural squares and radiating the wave linearly polarized 45 deg. obliquely to the right to the vertical polarization and the wave linearly polarized 45 deg. obliquely to the left in the respective squares, 1st and 2nd power feeder parts 2 for respectively feeding 1st and 2nd signals through the feeder points to one side and the other side of antenna elements, 1st and 2nd phase shifters 3a and 3b for outputting the 1st signal to the 1st power feeder point and the 2nd signal to the 2nd power feeder part while changing the phases of transmitted signals from a transmitter 5, and phase controller 4 for controlling the 1st and 2nd phase shifters and controlling the phase difference between the 1st and 2nd signals into four ways of 0, π, π/2 and-π/2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an array antenna device capable of controlling polarization.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a conventional polarization-switchable quadridge horn antenna, and FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a conventional polarization-switchable quadridge horn antenna device. In FIG. 10, 13 is a quad ridge horn antenna that can switch between polarized waves to radiate or receive, 13a is a first feeding point for radiating or receiving vertical polarization, and 13b is for radiating or receiving horizontal polarization. This is the second feeding point. In FIG. 11, 2 is a power feeding unit that feeds power to the first feeding point 13a and second feeding point 13b, 3 is a phase shifter that changes the phase of a signal that feeds power to the first feeding point 13a, and 5 is a phase shifter. A transmitter or receiver that transmits or receives signals.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. The conventional polarization switchable antenna is configured as described above,
When transmitting, the power output from the transmitter 5 is
The power feeding unit 2 allows the first power feeding point 13a and the second power feeding point 1
Power is supplied to 3b. At this time, the signal fed to the first feeding point 13a is phase-controlled by the phase shifter 3 so that horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, and circular polarization are switched and transmitted. When receiving, the power received by the quad ridge horn antenna 13 is supplied to the receiver 5 by the power supply unit 2. At this time, the signal fed from the first feeding point 13a is phase-controlled by the phase shifter 3 so that the horizontally polarized wave, the vertically polarized wave, and the circularly polarized wave are switched and received.

[0004]

Since the conventional polarization switchable antenna is constructed as described above, the antenna shown in FIG.
When the opening surface is rectangular as shown in 0, there is a problem that the electric power of the horizontal polarization and the electric power of the vertical polarization are unbalanced and the elliptic polarization rate becomes large.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a linear polarization and an elliptic polarization rate with a small unbalance of the power of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization from the rectangular aperture. It is an object of the present invention to obtain an array antenna device that transmits or receives a circularly polarized wave having a small value. Another object of the present invention is to obtain an array antenna device that makes the plane of polarization of a linearly polarized wave variable by controlling the phase.

[0006]

In the array antenna device according to the present invention, a rectangular aperture plane is divided into a plurality of squares, and in each of the squares, there is a diagonal 4 to the right with respect to vertical polarization.
A plurality of orthogonal antenna elements that radiate a 5 ° linearly polarized wave and a 45 ° linearly polarized wave to the left and have orthogonally arranged antenna elements having a feeding point, and one of the antenna elements via the feeding point. A first power feeding unit that feeds a signal of 1, a second power feeding unit that feeds a second signal to the other of the antenna elements via the feeding point, and a transmission signal corresponding to a radiation wave of the antenna element. Transmitting a signal, a first phase shifter that changes the phase of the transmission signal and outputs the first signal to the first power supply unit, and a phase shifter that changes the phase of the transmission signal to change the phase of the transmission signal. A second signal output to the second power supply unit as two signals
Control the first and second phase shifters, and the phase difference between the first and second signals is 0, π, π / 2, −π /
It is provided with a phase controller for controlling in four ways (2).

In the array antenna device according to the next invention, the rectangular aperture plane is divided into a plurality of squares, and each square has 45 ° to the right polarization with respect to the vertical polarization and 45 ° to the left polarization with respect to the vertical polarization. ° A plurality of orthogonal antenna elements receiving linearly polarized waves and orthogonally arranging antenna elements having feed points, and feeding a first signal received by one of the antenna elements via the feed points No. 1 feeding unit, a second feeding unit feeding the second signal received by the other of the antenna elements via the feeding point, and a first feeding unit receiving the first signal and changing the phase. A phase shifter, a second phase shifter that changes the phase by inputting the second signal, and the first and second
To control the phase difference between the first and second signals by
It is provided with a phase controller for controlling in four ways of 0, π, π / 2, and -π / 2, and a receiver for receiving the signals output from the first and second phase shifters.

In the array antenna device according to the next invention, a plurality of first phase shifters are provided corresponding to the feeding points of the antenna elements, and the phase controller sets the phase difference between the first and second signals to zero. The plurality of first phase shifters and the second phase shifters are controlled so that the number of groups and the number of groups having the phase shift difference of π are variable.

In the array antenna device according to the next invention, a plurality of first phase shifters and second phase shifters are provided corresponding to the feeding points of the respective antenna elements, and the phase controller is provided for each antenna. The phase difference between the first and second signals corresponding to the feeding point of the element is controlled in four ways of 0, π, π / 2, and -π / 2, and the feeding phase difference between adjacent orthogonal antenna elements is the same. It is controlled so that

In the array antenna device according to the next invention, a plurality of first phase shifters and second phase shifters are provided corresponding to the feeding points of the respective antenna elements, and the phase controller is provided for each antenna. The number of groups in which the phase difference between the first and second signals corresponding to the feeding point of the element is 0 and the number of groups in which the phase difference is π is controlled, and the feeding phase difference between the adjacent orthogonal antenna elements is controlled. The control is performed so as to be the same.

Further, in the array antenna device according to the next invention, instead of arranging the antenna elements orthogonally, the antenna elements are arranged at an angle of 90 °.

Further, in the array antenna device according to the next invention, instead of the orthogonal antenna element, a rectangular aperture plane is divided into a plurality of squares, and each square has a right angle of 45 ° with respect to vertical polarization. It is provided with a plurality of quad ridge horn antenna elements having a pair of feeding points that radiate or receive a linearly polarized wave and a 45 ° left diagonally polarized wave.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Embodiment 1. An embodiment of the array antenna device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a configuration diagram of an opening surface of an orthogonal antenna element forming an array antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an array antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a rectangular aperture plane divided into a plurality of squares, and each square has a right-angled 45 ° linear polarization (hereinafter referred to as a right-angled 45 ° linear polarization) with respect to vertical polarization. ) And a vertical polarized wave with respect to the left polarized 45 ° linear polarized wave (hereinafter referred to as a left polarized 45 ° linear polarized wave). A first feeding point 1b for transmitting or receiving a 45 ° linear polarized wave to the right is a second feeding point for transmitting or receiving a 45 ° linear polarized wave to the left. In FIG. 2, 2 is the first of each of the plurality of antenna elements.
Of the power feeding point 1a and the second power feeding point 1b, 3a is a first phase shifter for changing the phase of the signal feeding the first power feeding point 1a, and 3b is a second power feeding point The second phase shifter 4 that changes the phase of the signal that feeds power to 1b is 0, π, π / 2, −, which is the difference in the phase amounts of the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b. A phase controller 5 that controls one of four types of π / 2 is a transmitter or a receiver that transmits or receives a signal.

Here, if either the first phase shifter 3a or the second phase shifter 3b is provided, the phase difference between the signals fed to the first feeding point 1a and the second feeding point 1b. 0, π,
It is possible to control in any of four ways of π / 2 and −π / 2, but for the following reason, the same phase shifter is used as both the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b. Insert and configure. In order to radiate or receive a circularly polarized wave having a small elliptic polarization rate by each orthogonal antenna element 1 over a wide band, in order to radiate or receive a circularly polarized wave having a small elliptic polarization rate, The loss difference needs to be compensated over a wide band. For this purpose, it is necessary to insert components with similar frequency characteristics of insertion loss in both paths over a wide band.
By inserting a similar phase shifter in both paths, it is possible to compensate for the difference in path loss over a wide band. By using a slot antenna, a notch antenna, or the like as an antenna element forming the orthogonal antenna element 1, orthogonal arrangement is possible.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. When transmitting, the power output from the transmitter 5 is fed to the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b by the power feeding unit 2, and the first phase shifter 3 is fed by the phase controller 4. Of phase difference between the phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b is controlled to any one of 0, π, π / 2, and -π / 2, and the phase is controlled by the first phase shifter. Is fed to the first feeding point 1a of the orthogonal antenna element 1 by the feeding portion 2, and the signal whose phase is controlled by the second phase shifter is fed to the second feeding point 1b of the orthogonal antenna element 1 by the feeding portion 2. The polarized waves are combined and transmitted. At this time, the first
The phase difference between the phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b is 0,
By switching to any of four ways of π, π / 2, and -π / 2, horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization can be switched and transmitted. Here, the correspondence between the controlled phase difference and the combined polarization will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of how to combine horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization. In FIG. 3, when the phase difference between the left diagonal 45 ° linear polarized wave 14a and the left diagonal 45 ° linear polarized wave 14a is 0, the vertical polarized wave 15 is combined. When the phase difference is −π, the horizontally polarized wave 16 is combined. Similarly, when the phase difference is π / 2 and -π / 2,
It is shown that right-handed circular polarization and left-handed circular polarization are combined, respectively.

When receiving, the electric power received by the quadrature antenna element 1 is fed from the first feeding point 1a and the second feeding point 1b by the feeding section 2 to the first phase shifter 3a.
And the second phase shifter 3b. At this time, the phase controller 4 controls the phase difference between the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b to be one of 0, π, π / 2, and −π / 2. As a result, horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization can be switched and received. The correspondence between the controlled phase difference and the combined polarization is the same as when transmitting.

As described above, the array antenna device is divided into a plurality of squares with a rectangular opening face, and in each of the squares, a linear polarization of 45 ° to the right and a linear polarization of 45 ° to the left with respect to the vertical polarization. A plurality of orthogonal antenna elements 1 that radiate waves and have feeding points are arranged orthogonally, and the phase controller 4 includes a first phase shifter 3a and a second phase shifter 3a.
The phase difference of the phase shifter 3b is 0, π, π / 2, -π / 2
When controlled in any of four ways, each antenna element transmits or receives a linear polarization with a small unbalance of the power of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization and a circular polarization with a small elliptic polarization ratio, As a result of combining them, a linear polarization with a small power imbalance between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization and a circular polarization with a small elliptic polarization rate are transmitted or received from the rectangular aperture.

Embodiment 2. Next, in the first embodiment,
The antenna elements that radiate or receive the 45 ° linearly polarized waves diagonally to the right and the 45 ° linearly polarized waves to the left are made orthogonal to each other.
By arranging the antenna elements in a T shape or an L shape, an antenna element having a coaxial cable in the center, such as a log-peri antenna, can be used.

The array antenna device according to the second embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 4 shows the second embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an opening surface of an antenna element arranged at 90 ° which constitutes an array antenna device according to FIG. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 6 is a rectangular aperture plane divided into a plurality of squares, and each square has a T-shaped antenna element for radiating or receiving a 45 ° linear polarized wave to the right and a 45 ° linear polarized wave to the left. Or L
The antenna element with a 90-degree arrangement, 6a
First for transmitting or receiving 45 ° right-angled linear polarization
, 6b is a second feeding point for transmitting a left-handed 45 ° linearly polarized wave. The configuration of the array antenna device in the second embodiment is the same as that in FIG. 2 except for the arrangement of the antenna elements, and the operation is the same as in the first embodiment.

As described above, the array antenna device is divided into a plurality of squares with a rectangular opening face, and in each square, a 45 ° linear polarization to the right and a 45 ° linear polarization to the left are polarized with respect to the vertical polarization. An antenna element that radiates a wave and has a feeding point is arranged in a T-shape or an L-shape to form a plurality of 90-degree-arranged antenna elements 6, and the phase controller 4 controls the first phase shifter 3a and The phase difference of the phase shifter 3b of 2 is 0,
When controlled in any of four ways of π, π / 2, and -π / 2, the linear polarization and the elliptic polarization ratio with a small unbalance of the power of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization are obtained from each antenna element. As a result of transmitting or receiving small circular polarized waves and combining them, linear polarized waves with a small power imbalance of horizontal polarized waves and vertical polarized waves and circular polarized waves with a small elliptic polarization rate from the rectangular aperture plane. Is sent or received.

Embodiment 3 Next, in the first embodiment,
The antenna elements that radiate or receive the 45 ° linearly polarized waves diagonally to the right and the 45 ° linearly polarized waves to the left are made orthogonal to each other.
In the third embodiment, a quad ridge horn antenna element is used as the antenna element. The quad ridge horn antenna has higher withstand power than the notch antenna, the log-pelia antenna, etc., and thus can supply a larger amount of power.

The array antenna device according to the third embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows the third embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of an opening surface of a quad ridge horn antenna element that constitutes an array antenna device according to the above. In FIG. 5, 7 is a rectangular aperture plane divided into a plurality of squares, and in each square, a 45 ° right-polarized linearly polarized wave and a left-oblique 4 °
This is a quad ridge horn antenna element having a pair of feeding points for radiating or receiving 5 ° linearly polarized wave, and a line connecting the opposing ridges is the plane of polarization. Reference numeral 7a is a first feeding point for transmitting or receiving 45 ° linear polarized waves to the right, and 7b is a second feeding point for transmitting or receiving 45 ° linear polarized waves to the left. The configuration of the array antenna device according to the third embodiment is the same as that of FIG. 2 except for the configuration of the antenna element, and the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment.

As described above, the array antenna device is divided into a plurality of squares with a rectangular aperture surface, and in each square, a 45 ° linear polarization to the right and a 45 ° linear polarization to the left are polarized with respect to the vertical polarization. By providing a plurality of quad ridge horn antenna elements that radiate or receive waves, each quad ridge horn antenna element can reduce the linear polarization and elliptic polarization ratio of the horizontal and vertical polarization power imbalances. As a result of transmitting or receiving small circular polarized waves and synthesizing them, from the rectangular aperture surface of the array antenna device, the linear polarization and the elliptic polarization ratio of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization with a small power imbalance A small circular polarization is transmitted or received.

Embodiment 4 Next, in the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment, the plurality of first feeding points 1
The phases of the signals for feeding a, 6a, and 7a are collectively controlled by one first phase shifter 3a. However, in the fourth embodiment, a plurality of first feeding points 1a, 6a, and 7a are provided. A plurality of first units that independently change the phase of a signal for power feeding
The phase shifter 3a is provided, and the phase controller changes the ratio of the number of antenna elements excited in the horizontal polarization to the number of antenna elements excited in the vertical polarization among all the antenna elements. Make the polarization plane of the wave variable.

The fourth embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. 6 is a block diagram of an array antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, which has basically the same configuration as that of FIG. 2, but the phases of signals for feeding a plurality of first feeding points 1a are independent of each other. It is different in that a plurality of first phase shifters 3a for changing to In FIG. 6, reference numeral 8 is a phase controller, and the first phase shifter having a difference in phase amount between the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b is 0 and the first phase shifter is π. It also has the function of controlling the combination of the number of phase shifters.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the amplitude vector of the linearly polarized electric field. In FIG. 7, 9 is the amplitude vector of the linearly polarized electric field in the horizontal direction, 10 is the amplitude vector of the linearly polarized electric field in the vertical direction,
11 is an angle θ with respect to the amplitude vector 9 of the electric field in the horizontal direction.
Is the amplitude vector of the combined electric field with ₁ . The operation of the fourth embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment,
By the phase controller 8, the number of the first phase shifters 3a whose difference between the phase amounts of the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b is 0 is set to m, and the difference between the phase amounts is also changed. First phase shifter 3a with π
By controlling the number of n to n, the magnitude of the amplitude vector 9 of the electric field in the horizontal direction and the magnitude of the amplitude vector 10 of the electric field in the vertical direction shown in FIG. 7 are made variable. As a result, It becomes possible to control the direction of the amplitude vector 11 of the combined electric field which is the combined vector, that is, the plane of polarization of the linearly polarized wave.

As described above, the array antenna device is divided into a plurality of squares with a rectangular opening face, and in each square, a 45 ° linear polarization to the right and a 45 ° linear polarization to the left with respect to the vertical polarization. It is configured by a plurality of orthogonal antenna elements 1 that radiate or receive waves, and the first and second feed points at which the phase difference between the first and second feed points of each antenna element is 0 and the first feed point is π. By controlling the combination of the number of points, the ratio of the electric field component in the horizontal direction to the electric field component in the vertical direction of the linearly polarized wave transmitted or received can be controlled, and the polarization plane of the linearly polarized wave can be made variable.

Embodiment 5 In the first embodiment, phase control is performed for the purpose of transmitting or receiving by switching between horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization, but in the fifth embodiment, phase control is performed. A plurality of first phase shifters 3a and a plurality of first phase shifters 3a that independently change the phases of the signals that feed power to the first feeding point 1a and the plurality of second feeding points 1b, respectively. Second phase shifter 3b
Is provided and the excitation phase of each orthogonal antenna element 1 is independently controlled by the phase controller, so that the beam can be directed in any direction.

The fifth embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of an array antenna device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which basically has the same configuration as that of FIG. 2, but has a plurality of first feeding points 1a and a plurality of second feeding points 1a.
A plurality of first phase shifters 3a and a plurality of second phase shifters 3b are provided corresponding to all b. In FIG. 8, 12
Is a phase controller, and the difference between the phase amounts of the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b is 0, π, π / 2, −π / 2.
It has a function of controlling any one of the above, and a function of controlling the phase amount of the first and second phase shifters for scanning the beam in an arbitrary direction.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of the feeding phase difference and the beam orientation of the adjacent orthogonal antenna elements 1. In FIG. 9, φ is the feeding phase difference between adjacent orthogonal antenna elements 1, θ ₂ is the angle of the beam pointing azimuth with respect to the normal to the opening surface of the orthogonal antenna element 1, and λ
Is the wavelength of the feed signal, and d is the distance between adjacent orthogonal antenna elements 1. The phase controller 12 includes a plurality of first feeding points 1
a and the phase difference between the signals at the plurality of second feeding points 1b is 0,
While keeping in any of 4 ways of π, π / 2, -π / 2,
Feeding phase difference φ with the same phase difference between the first feeding points 1a and the second feeding points 1b of the adjacent orthogonal antenna elements 1.
By controlling the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b so that (φ = 2π · dsin θ ₂ / λ),
The directional direction θ ₂ of the beam can be controlled to any direction.

Embodiment 6 FIG. In the fourth embodiment, phase control is performed for the purpose of switching between horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization for transmission, and controlling the plane of polarization of linear polarization. In the sixth embodiment,
A plurality of first phase shifters 3a and a plurality of second phase shifters that independently change both the phases of signals for feeding the plurality of first feeding points 1a and the plurality of second feeding points 1b. Three
By providing b and independently controlling the excitation phase of each antenna element by the phase controller, by changing the ratio of the number of antenna elements excited in horizontal polarization to the number of antenna elements excited in vertical polarization, The polarization plane of the linearly polarized wave is made variable and the beam is directed in an arbitrary direction.

The array antenna device according to the sixth embodiment will be described below with reference to the drawings. The configuration of the array antenna device according to the sixth embodiment is the same as that of FIG. 8, but the operation of the phase controller 12 is different. The phase controller 12 according to the sixth embodiment includes a first phase shifter having a phase difference of 0 between the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b, and a first phase shifter having a phase difference of π. It has a function of controlling the combination of the number of phase shifters and a function of controlling the phase amount of the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b for scanning the beam in an arbitrary direction, It has a function of controlling the phase for directing the beam with respect to.

Next, the operation will be described with reference to the drawings. The phase controller 12 according to the eighth embodiment has the same phase difference as that of the first phase shifter in which the phase difference between the signals at the plurality of first feeding points 1a and the plurality of second feeding points 1b becomes 0. While controlling the combination of the number of the first phase shifters, the first feeding point 1 of the adjacent orthogonal antenna elements 1 as shown in FIG.
By controlling the first phase shifter 3a and the second phase shifter 3b so that the phase difference between a and the second feeding point 1b becomes the same feeding phase difference φ, so,
The polarization plane of the linearly polarized wave is made variable by changing the ratio of the number of antenna elements that excite horizontally polarized waves and the number of antenna elements that excite vertically polarized waves.
₂ can be controlled.

In the fourth, fifth and sixth embodiments, the orthogonal antenna element 1 is used. However, instead of the orthogonal antenna element 1, the antenna element 6 arranged at 90 ° and the quad ridge horn antenna element 7 are arranged. May be used.

[0035]

As described above, according to the present invention, the array antenna device is configured such that a plurality of orthogonal antenna elements are divided into a plurality of square aperture planes, and each square is provided with vertical polarization. The antenna element radiating a right-angled 45 ° linearly polarized wave and a left-angled 45 ° linearly polarized wave and arranging the antenna elements having a feeding point orthogonally to each other, and the first phase shifter transmits the transmission signal transmitted by the transmitter. The phase is changed and output as the first signal to the first power feeding unit, and the second phase shifter changes the phase of the transmission signal and outputs as the second signal to the second power feeding unit for phase control. The first and second phase shifters to control the phase difference between the first and second signals in four ways: 0, π, π / 2, -π / 2, From each antenna element, a linear polarization with a small power imbalance between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization and a circular polarization with a small elliptic polarization ratio are generated. The effect of transmitting or receiving, and as a result of combining them, a linear polarization with a small power imbalance between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization and a circular polarization with a small elliptic polarization rate from the rectangular aperture. Play.

According to the next invention, in the array antenna device, a plurality of orthogonal antenna elements are divided into a plurality of rectangular aperture planes, and each square has a right angle of 45 with respect to vertical polarization. ° Linearly polarized waves and diagonally 45 ° to the left are received, antenna elements having feed points are arranged orthogonally, and the first signal received by one of the antenna elements is fed through the feed points. And a first phase shifter that supplies the second signal received by the other of the antenna elements to the second signal via the feeding point. , The first signal is input to change the phase, the second phase shifter inputs the second signal to change the phase, and the phase controller controls the first and second phase shifters. The phase difference between the first and second signals is controlled in four ways of 0, π, π / 2, and −π / 2, and the receiver controls the first and second phases. And the signals output by the second phase shifter are received, the linear polarization and the circular polarization with a small elliptic polarization ratio are obtained from each antenna element with a small power imbalance between the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization. Waves are received, and as a result of combining them, a linear polarization with a small power imbalance between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization and a circular polarization with a small elliptic polarization rate are received from the rectangular aperture. Play.

According to the next invention, the array antenna device is provided with a plurality of first phase shifters corresponding to the feeding points of the antenna elements, and the phase controller controls the phase difference between the first and second signals. 0
When the plurality of first phase shifters and the second phase shifters are controlled so that the number of groups and the number of groups having the phase shift difference of π can be made variable, from the rectangular opening surface, Controls the ratio of the horizontal electric field component to the vertical electric field component of the transmitted or received linearly polarized wave as well as the linearly polarized wave with a small power imbalance between the horizontally and vertically polarized waves is transmitted or received. The effect that the plane of polarization of the linearly polarized wave can be changed is obtained.

Further, according to the next invention, the array antenna device is provided with a plurality of first phase shifters and second phase shifters corresponding to the feeding points of the respective antenna elements, and the phase controllers are provided respectively. Control the phase difference between the first and second signals corresponding to the feeding point of the antenna element of 4 in four ways of 0, π, π / 2, and -π / 2, and feed the phase difference between adjacent orthogonal antenna elements. If they are controlled so that they are the same, a linear polarization with a small power imbalance between horizontal polarization and vertical polarization and a circular polarization with a small elliptic polarization ratio are transmitted or received from the rectangular aperture. In addition, the azimuth of the beam can be controlled in any direction.

Further, according to the next invention, the array antenna device is provided with a plurality of first phase shifters and second phase shifters corresponding to the feeding points of the respective antenna elements, and the phase controllers are provided respectively. Control the number of groups having a phase difference of 0 between the first and second signals and the number of groups having a phase shift difference of π corresponding to the feeding point of the antenna element of By controlling so that the phase difference becomes the same, while transmitting or receiving by changing the polarization plane of the linear polarization with a small unbalance of the power of the horizontal polarization and the vertical polarization from the rectangular aperture plane, The effect that the directivity of the beam can be controlled in an arbitrary direction is achieved.

According to the next invention, instead of arranging the antenna elements orthogonally in the array antenna device,
By arranging the antenna elements at an angle of 90 °, it is possible to construct an antenna element having a coaxial cable at the center.

Further, according to the next invention, instead of the orthogonal antenna element, the array antenna device is divided into a plurality of square openings, and each square has a right angle 45 with respect to vertical polarization. When a plurality of quad ridge horn antenna elements having a pair of feeding points that radiate or receive a linear polarized wave and a 45 ° linear polarized wave to the left are provided,
Since the power withstanding power is large, it is possible to supply a larger amount of power.

[0042]

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an opening surface of an orthogonal antenna element that constitutes an array antenna device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an array antenna device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of how to combine horizontal polarization, vertical polarization, right-hand circular polarization and left-hand circular polarization according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an opening surface of an antenna element arranged at 90 ° according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an opening surface of a quadridge horn antenna element according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of an array antenna device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

7 is an explanatory diagram of an amplitude vector of a linearly polarized electric field handled by the array antenna device shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of an array antenna device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

9 is an explanatory diagram of a relationship between a feeding phase difference between adjacent orthogonal antenna elements and a beam pointing direction by the array antenna device shown in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram of a conventional polarization-switchable quad ridge horn antenna.

FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a conventional quad ridge horn antenna device capable of switching polarization.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 orthogonal antenna element, 1a, 6a, 7
a first feeding point, 1b, 6b, 7b second feeding point,
2 feeding part, 3a first phase shifter, 3b second phase shifter, 4 phase controller, 5 transmitter or receiver, 6
90 degree antenna element, 7 quad ridge horn antenna element

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Tohru Nonoyama 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsubishi Electric Corporation

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A rectangular aperture plane is divided into a plurality of squares, and each square is divided by 4 diagonally to the right with respect to vertical polarization.
A plurality of orthogonal antenna elements that radiate a 5 ° linearly polarized wave and a 45 ° linearly polarized wave to the left and have orthogonally arranged antenna elements having a feeding point, and one of the antenna elements via the feeding point. A first power feeding unit that feeds a signal of 1, a second power feeding unit that feeds a second signal to the other of the antenna elements via the feeding point, and a transmission signal corresponding to a radiation wave of the antenna element. Transmitting a signal, a first phase shifter that changes the phase of the transmission signal and outputs the first signal to the first power supply unit, and a phase shifter that changes the phase of the transmission signal to change the phase of the transmission signal. A second signal output to the second power supply unit as two signals
Control the first and second phase shifters, and the phase difference between the first and second signals is 0, π, π / 2, −π /
An array antenna device comprising a phase controller for controlling in four ways (2). 2. A rectangular aperture plane is divided into a plurality of squares, and each square is divided by 4 diagonally to the right with respect to vertical polarization.
A plurality of orthogonal antenna elements that receive a 5 ° linearly polarized wave and a 45 ° linearly polarized left diagonally and orthogonally arrange antenna elements having a feeding point, and a first signal received by one of the antenna elements are provided. A first power feeding unit that feeds power through the feeding point, a second power feeding unit that feeds a second signal received by the other of the antenna elements through the power feeding point, and the first signal is input. And a first phase shifter for changing the phase, a second phase shifter for changing the phase by inputting the second signal, and a first phase shifter for controlling the first and second phase shifters. A phase controller that controls the phase difference between the first and second signals in four ways of 0, π, π / 2, and −π / 2, and a signal output by the first and second phase shifters. An array antenna device comprising a receiver for receiving. 3. A plurality of first phase shifters are provided corresponding to the feeding point of the antenna element, and the phase controller sets the number of groups in which the phase difference between the first and second signals is 0 and the phase shift difference. The array antenna device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plurality of first phase shifters and the second phase shifters are controlled so that the number of groups of π is variable. 4. A plurality of first phase shifters and second phase shifters are provided corresponding to the feeding points of the respective antenna elements, and the phase controller is provided with the first and second phase shifters corresponding to the feeding points of the respective antenna elements. The phase difference of the second signal is controlled in four ways of 0, π, π / 2, and −π / 2, and the feeding phase difference between adjacent orthogonal antenna elements is controlled to be the same. The array antenna device according to claim 1 or 2. 5. A plurality of first phase shifters and second phase shifters are provided corresponding to the feeding points of the respective antenna elements, and the phase controller is provided with the first and second phase shifters corresponding to the feeding points of the respective antenna elements. The number of groups in which the phase difference of the second signal is 0 and the number of groups in which the phase difference is π are controlled, and the feeding phase difference between adjacent orthogonal antenna elements is controlled to be the same. The array antenna device according to claim 1 or 2. 6. The array antenna device according to claim 1, wherein the antenna elements are arranged at an angle of 90 ° instead of being arranged orthogonally. 7. A rectangular aperture surface is divided into a plurality of squares in place of the orthogonal antenna element, and each square is
45 ° to the right with respect to vertically polarized waves and 45 ° to the left with linearly polarized waves
5. The array antenna device according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of quad ridge horn antenna elements having a pair of feeding points that radiate or receive linearly polarized waves.