JPH09281466A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to relieve the luminance difference in the intra- surface direction of substrates and to deal with a trend toward a wide visual field angle. SOLUTION: The liquid crystal display device of an MIM diode system is constituted by narrowing the cell gap T1 on a bright viewing side 101 (for example, on the 12 o'clock side of a watch) in the intra-surface direction of the substrates between the glass substrates 10 and 20 and widening the cell gap T2 on a reverse bright viewing side 102 (for example, 6 o'clock side of a watch). The intensity of the electric field generated in a liquid crystal cell 31 existing on the bright viewing side 101 is, therefore, high and on the other hand, the intensity of the electric field generated in the liquid crystal cell 3 existing on the reverse bright viewing side 102 is low. Then, the angle θ2, θ3 formed by the liquid crystal molecules 32 existing on both of the bright viewing side 101 and the reverse bright viewing side 102 and visual lines L2, L3 are approximated to the angle θ1 formed by the visual line L1 on the normal and the liquid crystal molecules 32 and the luminance difference is relieved.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an active matrix type liquid crystal display device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a structural technique for reducing the brightness difference in the in-plane direction of the liquid crystal display device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a liquid crystal display device, as shown in FIG.
Two glass substrates 10 and 20 are fixed so as to face each other with a gap (cell gap) of several μm therebetween, and a liquid crystal 30 is sealed in the gap. Among them, in the diode type liquid crystal display device, a large number of scanning lines 11 are formed in parallel on the lower glass substrate 10.
On the other hand, the diodes 12 and the pixel electrodes 13 connected to the diodes 12 are arranged in a matrix at a constant pitch. On the other hand, the color filter 21
A transparent signal line is formed as a strip-shaped counter electrode 22 on the glass substrate 20 on the side where is formed. Therefore, the scanning line 11 and the counter electrode 22 (signal line) intersect,
A portion sandwiched between the pixel electrode 13 and the counter electrode 22 corresponding to the intersecting portion is a liquid crystal cell 31. Polarizing plates 19 and 29 are formed outside the glass substrates 10 and 20, respectively. The liquid crystal 30 is a liquid crystal for TM type display aligned with a predetermined twist angle and pretilt angle by an alignment film or rubbing treatment, and the liquid crystal molecules 32 are twisted and aligned depending on whether or not an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal cell 22. Since the state is changed to the opened state and the released state, the light transmission state is changed and a predetermined display can be performed.

As shown in FIG. 9, two glass substrates 1 are provided.
A gap agent 41 made of plastic beads having substantially the same diameter and distributed so as to have a uniform density in the in-plane direction of the substrate is interposed between 0 and 20. Gap agent 41
So that the cell gap T10 between the two glass substrates 10 and 20 is made uniform in the in-plane direction while being slightly crushed by the two glass substrates 10 and 20 with a uniform pressure in the in-plane direction. Stipulates. Such a state is held by the cured sealing material 50.

[0004]

However, in the conventional liquid crystal display device, there is a problem that the viewing angle is narrow because the brightness difference occurs in the in-plane direction of the substrate when viewed from an oblique direction. Even black and white reversal occurs partially. Such a problem is that oblique light causes birefringence due to the liquid crystal 30, and the polarization state changes.

As shown in FIG. 10 (A), such a phenomenon is caused by the liquid crystal molecules 23 being obliquely aligned when white is displayed in the normally white mode, as shown in FIG. 10 (B). It is assumed that the liquid crystal molecules 23 are standing when displaying black in the normally white mode. As conceptually taken in this way, as shown in FIG. 11 (A), the lower glass substrate 10 is subjected to a rubbing process from a diagonally lower left to a diagonally upper right as shown by an arrow A, and the color As for the glass substrate 20 on the filter side, as shown by an arrow B, when gray is displayed on the liquid crystal display device that has been subjected to the rubbing treatment from diagonally upper left to diagonally lower right, the vertical direction of the substrate (12: 00/6 in the clock). Direction)
Then, the liquid crystal molecules 32 are in the state shown in FIG. In this state, when the glass substrates 10 and 20 are viewed from a position corresponding to a substantially central position of the glass substrates 10 and 20, the liquid crystal molecules have the same orientation in the left-right direction with respect to the line of sight, but the vertical direction of the glass substrates 10 and 20. (12:00 on the clock /
The orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 32 with respect to the line of sight differs depending on the direction (6 o'clock). That is, the angle between the liquid crystal molecule 32 and the line of sight L1 on the normal line to the glass substrates 10 and 20 is θ1, and the line of sight L2 and the liquid crystal molecule 32 when the upper side of the glass substrates 10 and 20 (direction at 12 o'clock) is viewed. When the angle is θ2 and the angle between the line of sight L3 and the liquid crystal molecule 32 when viewing the lower side (6 o'clock direction) of the glass substrates 10 and 20 is θ3, θ3 <θ1 <θ2, and the angle difference is Is extremely large. Therefore, when the normally white mode is adopted and the drive voltage for the liquid crystal cell 31 is set in line with the line of sight L1 on the normal line to the glass substrates 10 and 20, even if an attempt is made to display gray, the glass substrate 10 and Two
On the upper side of 0 (direction of 12 o'clock), it becomes white, and the glass substrate 1
It becomes black on the lower side of 0 and 20 (at 6 o'clock).
Thus, the white side is called the so-called clear vision side 101, and the black side is called the so-called reverse clear vision side 102.

Moreover, such an event is caused by the glass substrate 1
As the size of 0 and 20 increases, the parallax expands,
Since it becomes remarkable, it becomes a serious problem when trying to increase the screen size.

[0007] In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide:
An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of supporting a wide viewing angle by relaxing the brightness difference in the in-plane direction of the substrate.

[0008]

In order to solve the above problems, according to the present invention, a predetermined insulating substrate is provided between a first insulating substrate in which pixel electrodes and active elements are arranged in a matrix. A second counter electrode that is arranged to face the pixel electrode and that faces the pixel electrode.
Liquid crystal layer, which is enclosed between the second insulating substrate and the first insulating substrate, and constitutes a liquid crystal cell addressed by the active element between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. In the liquid crystal display device having, the first and second insulating substrates have a cell gap that is opposite to that of the clear viewing side so as to reduce a difference in brightness between the clear viewing side and the reverse viewing side in the in-plane direction. It is characterized in that they are arranged differently from the viewing side.

In the specification of the present application, regarding the phenomenon described above, in the normally white mode, the side that looks bright in the in-plane direction is the clear viewing side, and the side that looks dark is the reverse clear viewing side. The problem regarding the brightness difference occurs even in the normally black mode, and in any mode, the cell gap is set in a direction to eliminate the brightness difference.

In the present invention, the same driving voltage is applied when the cell gap between the first and second insulating substrates is, for example, narrow on the clear viewing side and wide on the reverse clear viewing side in the in-plane direction of the substrate. Even so, the electric field strength actually generated in the liquid crystal cell located on the clear vision side is higher than the electric field strength actually generated in the liquid crystal cell located on the reverse vision side. Therefore, the directions of the liquid crystal cells differ between the clear viewing side and the reverse clear viewing side by the difference in the electric field strength actually generated in the liquid crystal cell between the clear viewing side and the reverse clear viewing side. As a result, the difference between the angle formed by the line of sight and the liquid crystal molecule located on the side of clear vision and the angle formed by the line of sight and the liquid crystal molecule located on the side of opposite vision are compressed, and the liquid crystal molecule located on either side The angle formed by the line of sight also approaches the angle formed by the line of sight on the normal and the liquid crystal molecules located in this portion. Therefore, since there is no difference in brightness in the in-plane direction, the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device can be widened.

In the present invention, when arranging the first and second insulating substrates so that the cell gap is different between the clear vision side and the reverse vision side, for example, the first and second insulating substrates are arranged. A gap agent having a different diameter between the clear viewing side and the reverse clear viewing side is interposed between the insulating substrates. With this configuration, there is an advantage that the difference in brightness between the clear vision side and the reverse clear vision side can be eliminated only by changing the type of the gap agent.

In the present invention, in disposing the first and second insulating substrates so that the cell gaps are different between the clear vision side and the reverse vision side, the first and second insulating substrates are arranged. A gap agent dispersed at different densities on the clear vision side and the reverse vision side may be interposed therebetween. With this configuration, there is an advantage that the difference in brightness between the clear vision side and the reverse clear vision side can be eliminated only by changing the dispersion density of the same type of gap agent.

In the present invention, in disposing the first and second insulating substrates so that the cell gap is different between the clear vision side and the reverse vision side, the first and second insulating substrates are arranged. A gap agent crushed by different pressures on the clear vision side and the reverse clear vision side may be interposed therebetween. With this configuration, after the gap agent of the same type is sprayed under the same conditions, the pressure for pressing the insulating substrates to each other can be simply changed between the clear vision side and the reverse clear vision side. There is an advantage that the brightness difference can be eliminated.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, before describing each mode, a configuration common to any mode will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 as long as it is a diode type liquid crystal display device. In the following description, the same parts as those in the related art will be designated by the same reference numerals and will be described with reference to the same drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a MIM diode type liquid crystal display device as an example of a liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a MIM diode used as a switching element in the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. And FIG. 3 are explanatory diagrams schematically showing the behavior of the liquid crystal enclosed between the substrates in the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, in a liquid crystal display device, two glass substrates 10 and 20 (insulating substrates) are fixed so as to face each other with a gap of several μm therebetween, and a liquid crystal 30 (TM) is placed in the gap.
It has a structure in which a clockwise liquid crystal for type display is enclosed. A large number of scanning lines 11 are formed in parallel on the lower glass substrate 10 (first insulating substrate), and MIM diodes 12 (active elements / diode elements) are formed at a constant pitch with respect to these scanning lines 11. This MIM diode 1
2 and the pixel electrode 13 connected to it are arranged in a matrix. On the other hand, a transparent signal line is formed as a strip-shaped counter electrode 22 on the glass substrate 20 on the side where the color filter 21 is formed. Regarding the positional relationship between the color filter 21 and the counter electrode 22, either may be the upper layer or the lower layer.

With this structure, the scanning line 11 and the counter electrode 22 (signal line) are substantially intersected with each other,
The pixel electrode 13 is formed so as to correspond to these intersections.
The liquid crystal cell 31 is formed in a portion sandwiched between the counter electrode 22 and the counter electrode 22. Further, polarizing plates 19 and 29 are arranged optically orthogonal to each other on the outside of the glass substrates 10 and 20, and the polarizing plate 29 functions as an analyzer.

As shown in FIG. 2A, in the MIM diode 12, an island-shaped tantalum electrode 121 is formed on the surface of a transparent glass substrate 10 on which a base protective film (not shown) such as a tantalum oxide film is formed. A tantalum oxide film 122 is formed on the surface by anodic oxidation. A pixel electrode 13 made of an ITO electrode is also formed on the surface of the glass substrate 10. A chrome electrode 123 is formed on the surface of the tantalum oxide film 122.
23 and the tantalum electrode 121 correspond to the tantalum oxide film 122.
And the MIM diode 12 is configured to face each other. The chrome electrode 123 is electrically connected to the pixel electrode 13, and the MIM diode 12 can address the liquid crystal cell 31 corresponding to this pixel electrode 13 and write information in the liquid crystal cell 31. Note that the tantalum electrode 121
Is formed as a part of the scanning line 11, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2C, the MIM diode 12 is a non-linear element and is turned on when the voltage (driving voltage) applied between the chrome electrode 123 and the tantalum electrode 121 exceeds the threshold voltage. The current changes greatly. Therefore, even if the driving voltage is slightly different, MI
The amount of charge accumulated in the liquid crystal cell 31 via the M diode 12 changes greatly.

The glass substrates 10 and 20 thus constructed
In the meantime, as shown in FIG.
The liquid crystal is a TM type liquid crystal that is aligned with a predetermined twist angle and pretilt angle by an alignment film or a rubbing process. In the normally white white mode, the liquid crystal molecules 32 are twisted and aligned in a state where no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal cell 22. Therefore, it is displayed in white. In contrast, FIG.
As shown in (B), when an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal cell 22, the twisted orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 32 is released, so that black display is performed. Regarding such a phenomenon, FIG.
As described with reference to (B), the liquid crystal molecules 23 are obliquely aligned when displaying white in the normally white mode, and the liquid crystal molecules 23 are displayed when displaying black in the normally white mode. Can be regarded as standing. However, the oblique light causes birefringence due to the liquid crystal 30 to change the polarization state, and as described with reference to FIG. 11, gray display may cause a difference in luminance in the in-plane direction.

Therefore, in the present invention, when the intermediate color (gray) is displayed in the normally white mode, the side that looks bright in the in-plane direction and the side that looks dark are referred to as the clear vision side and the reverse clear vision side, respectively. By changing the substantial driving voltage for the liquid crystal cell 31 between the clear-view side and the clear-view side, the difference in brightness generated in the in-plane direction is eliminated.

That is, as shown in FIG. 4 schematically showing a state where the insulating substrates are opposed to each other in the liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied, the glass substrates 10 and 20 are clearly visible in the in-plane direction of the substrates. The sealing material 50 holds the cell gap T1 on the side 101 (for example, the 12 o'clock side of the timepiece) in a narrow state and the cell gap T2 on the reverse vision side 102 (for example, the 6 o'clock side of the timepiece) in a wide state. .

In the liquid crystal display device 1 thus constructed,
In the rubbing process of the manufacturing process, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the lower glass substrate 10 is rubbed from the lower left to the upper right as indicated by the arrow A, and the glass substrate 20 on the color filter side is indicated by the arrow B. When the rubbing process is performed from the upper left to the lower right, all liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the same state. Therefore, when the glass substrates 10 and 20 are viewed from a position corresponding to the substantially central position of the glass substrates 10 and 20, as described with reference to FIG. In the vertical direction (directions at 12 o'clock and 6 o'clock in the clock), the orientation of the liquid crystal with respect to the line of sight tends to be different. That is, the angle between the line of sight L1 on the normal to the glass substrates 10 and 20 and the liquid crystal molecules 32 is θ1, and the angle between the line of sight L2 and the liquid crystal molecules 32 when the upper side of the glass substrates 10 and 20 (direction at 12 o'clock) is viewed. Is θ2, and the line of sight L3 and the liquid crystal molecule 32 when the lower side of the glass substrates 10 and 20 (direction at 6 o'clock) is viewed.
When the angle formed by and is θ3, there is a tendency that θ3 <θ1 <θ2.

Even so, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5B, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the cell gap T1 on the clear side 101 in the in-plane direction of the substrates is narrow, and the reverse clear side 102. Since the cell gap T2 is set to be wide, even if the same drive voltage is applied to the liquid crystal cell 31, the electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 is between the clear-view side 101 and the reverse clear-view side 102. different. That is,
The electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 located on the clear viewing side 101 is higher than the electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 located on the reverse clear viewing side 102. Therefore, the clear side 101
Between the opposite side and the clear vision side 102, the direction of the liquid crystal molecule 32 changes by the difference in the electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31.
In addition, since the cell gaps T1 and T2 are different,
MIM for addressing liquid crystal cell 31 located at 1
The voltage actually applied to the diode 12 and the reverse vision side 102
Since the voltage actually applied to the MIM diode 12 for addressing the liquid crystal cell 31 located at is also different, the amount of charge accumulated in the liquid crystal cell 31 changes. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules 32 located on the clear viewing side 101 are in a more upright state than the liquid crystal molecules 32 located on the reverse clear viewing side 102. Therefore,
The angle θ2 formed by the liquid crystal molecule 32 located on the clear viewing side 101 and the line of sight L2, and the liquid crystal molecule 32 located on the reverse clear viewing side 102.
And the line of sight L3 makes an angle .theta.3 smaller, and the angles .theta.2 and .theta.3 formed by the liquid crystal molecules 32 on either side and the lines of sight L2 and L3 are also the line of sight L1 on the normal line and the liquid crystal located at this portion. The angle θ1 formed by the numerator 32 approaches. Therefore,
Even when the drive voltage is set to match only the line of sight L1 on the normal line and an intermediate color (gray) is displayed, the glass substrates 10 and 2
The intermediate color (gray) is displayed also on the upper side of 0 (direction of 12 o'clock), and the intermediate color (gray) is displayed on the lower side of glass substrates 10 and 20 (direction of 6 o'clock), so that the brightness difference in the in-plane direction is compressed. It Therefore, a wide viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device 1 can be achieved.

The invention as described above can be applied not only to the transmissive liquid crystal display device but also to a reflective liquid crystal display device. Further, the problem that the brightness difference is likely to occur in the in-plane direction occurs in the normally black mode as well, but in any method, the cell gap is set in the direction in which the brightness difference is eliminated.

[Embodiment 1] FIG. 6 is a sectional view schematically showing a state in which a cell gap between respective insulating substrates is set to a predetermined condition in the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present example.
Then, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the gap agent 42 made of plastic beads having a small diameter is interposed on the clear side 101, and the gap agent 43 made of plastic beads having a large diameter is provided on the reverse clear side 102. Is intervening.
Therefore, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the cell gap T1 on the clear viewing side 101 (for example, the 12 o'clock side of the watch) in the in-plane direction of the glass substrate is narrow, and the reverse clear viewing side 102 (for example, 6 o'clock of the watch). Cell gap T2 (on the side of) is widened. Such a state is held by the sealing material 50.

Even in the liquid crystal display device 1 configured as described above,
In the rubbing step, as shown in FIG. 5B, the glass substrate 10 on the lower side is subjected to a rubbing treatment from a diagonally lower left to a diagonally upper right as shown by an arrow A, so that the glass substrate on the color filter side is With respect to 20, when the rubbing process is performed from the diagonally upper left to the diagonally lower right, all liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the same state, as indicated by arrow B. Nevertheless, in this example, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 5B, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the cell gap T1 on the clear side 101 in the in-plane direction of the substrates is narrow, and the reverse clear side is narrowed. Since the cell gap T2 of 102 is set wide, even if the same drive voltage is applied, the electric field strength actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 located on the clear viewing side 101 is 1
It is smaller than the electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 located at 02. Therefore, the clear vision side 101 and the reverse clear vision side 102
Between and, the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules 32 changes by the difference in the electric field strength actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31. Further, since the cell gaps T1 and T2 are different, the voltage actually applied to the MIM diode 12 for addressing the liquid crystal cell 31 located on the clear viewing side 101 and the liquid crystal cell 31 located on the reverse clear viewing side 102 are addressed. Since the voltage actually applied to the MIM diode 12 for this purpose also differs, the amount of charge accumulated in the liquid crystal cell 31 changes. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules 32 located on the clear viewing side 101 are separated from the liquid crystal molecules 3 located on the reverse clear viewing side 102.
It will be in a standing state more than 2. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 32 located on either side of the clear viewing side 101 and the reverse clear viewing side 102.
The angles θ2 and θ3 formed by the line of sight L2 and L3 approach the angle θ1 formed by the line of sight L1 on the normal line and the liquid crystal molecules 32 located at this portion. Therefore, even when the drive voltage is set to match only the line of sight L1 on the normal line and gray is displayed, the gray is displayed even on the upper side of the glass substrates 10 and 20 (direction at 12 o'clock). Gray is also displayed on the lower side (direction at 6 o'clock), and the brightness difference in the in-plane direction is compressed. Therefore, a wide viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device 1 can be achieved.

Further, in this example, the diameters of the gap agent 42 sprinkled on the clear vision side 101 and the gap agent 42 sprinkled on the reverse clear vision side 102 are simply changed, and the clear vision side 101 and the reverse clear vision side 102 are changed. There is an advantage that the brightness difference can be eliminated.

[Embodiment 2] FIG. 7 is a sectional view schematically showing a state in which a cell gap between respective insulating substrates is set to a predetermined condition in a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present example.
Then, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the gap agent 44 of the same type is interposed at a low density on the clear-view side 101, and is interposed at a high density on the reverse clear-view side 102. Therefore, even if the glass substrates 10 and 20 are bonded together after the gap agent 44 is sprayed, even if the substrates are pressed against each other by applying the same pressure between the substrates, the collapse degree of the gap agent 44 on the reverse vision side 102 can be reduced. The gap agent 44 is small and the collapse degree of the gap agent 44 is large on the reverse vision side 101. Therefore, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the cell gap T1 on the clear viewing side 101 (for example, the 12 o'clock side of the watch) in the in-plane direction of the glass substrate is narrow, and the reverse clear viewing side 102 (for example, 6 o'clock of the watch). Cell gap T2 (on the side of) is widened. Such a state is held by the sealing material 50.

Even in the liquid crystal display device 1 configured as described above,
In the rubbing step, as shown in FIG. 5B, the glass substrate 10 on the lower side is subjected to a rubbing treatment from a diagonally lower left to a diagonally upper right as shown by an arrow A, and the glass substrate on the color filter side is subjected to rubbing treatment. With respect to 20, when the rubbing process is performed from the diagonally upper left to the diagonally lower right, all liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the same state, as indicated by arrow B. Nevertheless, in this example, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 5B, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the cell gap T1 on the clear viewing side 101 in the in-plane direction of the substrates is narrowed and the reverse clear viewing side is reduced. Since the cell gap T2 of 102 is set to be wide, the electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 located on the clear viewing side 101 is the same as in the first embodiment, even if the same driving voltage is applied. It is smaller than the electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 located at. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 32 located on the clear viewing side 101 are in a state of standing upright than the liquid crystal molecules 32 located on the reverse clear viewing side 102. Therefore, the clear side 1
01, and the angles θ2 and θ3 formed by the lines of sight L2 and L3 with the liquid crystal molecules 32 positioned on either side of the clear vision side 102,
The angle θ1 formed by the line of sight L1 on the normal line and the liquid crystal molecules 32 located at this portion approaches. Therefore, even when the drive voltage is set to match only the line of sight L1 on the normal line and gray is displayed, the gray is displayed even on the upper side of the glass substrates 10 and 20 (direction at 12 o'clock). Gray is also displayed on the lower side (direction at 6 o'clock), and the brightness difference in the in-plane direction is compressed. Therefore, a wide viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device 1 can be achieved.

In this example, the gap agent 4 of the same type is used.
Even if 4 is used, there is an advantage that the difference in brightness between the clear viewing side 101 and the reverse clear viewing side 102 can be eliminated by a simple method of changing the dispersion density.

[Embodiment 3] FIG. 8 is a sectional view schematically showing a state in which a cell gap between insulating substrates is set to a predetermined condition in a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 8, the liquid crystal display device 1 of the present example.
In the above, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the gap agent 44 of the same type is sprayed at the same density on both the clear viewing side 101 and the reverse clear viewing side 102. However, the glass substrate 1
In the process of bonding 0 and 20, the glass substrates 10 and 20 are bonded by applying a large pressure to the glass substrates 10 and 20 on the clear-view side 101 and a small pressure to the glass substrates 10 and 20 on the reverse-viewing side 102. It is matched. For this reason, the collapse degree of the gap agent 44 is small on the reverse vision side 102, and the collapse degree of the gap agent 44 is large on the clear vision side 101. Therefore, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the clear side 101 in the in-plane direction of the substrate (for example, 12 of a watch).
The cell gap T1 on the time side) is narrow, and
The cell gap T2 (for example, the 6 o'clock side of the clock) is wide. Such a state is held by the sealing material 50.

Even in the liquid crystal display device 1 having the above structure,
In the rubbing step, as shown in FIG. 5B, the glass substrate 10 on the lower side is subjected to a rubbing treatment from a diagonally lower left to a diagonally upper right as shown by an arrow A, and the glass substrate on the color filter side is subjected to rubbing treatment. With respect to 20, when the rubbing process is performed from the diagonally upper left to the diagonally lower right, all liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the same state, as indicated by arrow B. Nevertheless, in this example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 5B, between the glass substrates 10 and 20, the cell gap T1 on the clear view side 101 in the in-plane direction of the substrates is narrow and the reverse clear view side is small. Since the cell gap T2 of 102 is set to be wide, the electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 located on the clear viewing side 101 is the same as in the first embodiment, even if the same driving voltage is applied. It is smaller than the electric field intensity actually generated in the liquid crystal cell 31 located at. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 32 located on the clear viewing side 101 are in a state of standing upright than the liquid crystal molecules 32 located on the reverse clear viewing side 102. Therefore, the clear side 1
01, and the angles θ2 and θ3 formed by the lines of sight L2 and L3 with the liquid crystal molecules 32 positioned on either side of the clear vision side 102,
The angle θ1 formed by the line of sight L1 on the normal line and the liquid crystal molecules 32 located at this portion approaches. Therefore, even when the drive voltage is set to match only the line of sight L1 on the normal line and gray is displayed, the gray is displayed even on the upper side of the glass substrates 10 and 20 (direction at 12 o'clock). Gray is also displayed on the lower side (direction at 6 o'clock), and the brightness difference in the in-plane direction is compressed. Therefore, a wide viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device 1 can be achieved.

In this example, after the gap agent of the same kind is sprayed under the same conditions, the pressure for pressing the insulating substrate is simply changed between the clear vision side 101 and the reverse vision side 102, and the clear vision side 101 and the reverse vision side There is an advantage that black-and-white inversion on the clear side 102 can be prevented.

[Other Embodiments] In the case where the liquid crystal 30 is counterclockwise instead of clockwise,
The behavior of the liquid crystal 30 may be expressed differently from that shown in the specification of the present application depending on various conditions. However, in any case, in the present invention, the brightness difference between the clear-vision side and the reverse-clear vision side. The cell gap is set so that

Of course, the present invention can also be applied when another diode element of the MIM diode is used as an active element or when the optical arrangement of the polarizing plate is changed.

Further, when a thin film transistor is used as an active element, a data line, a scanning line, a thin film transistor, a pixel electrode and the like are formed on the same substrate. Even in such a type of liquid crystal display device,
The present invention can be applied.

[0040]

As described above, the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is characterized in that the cell gap between the insulating substrates is set so as to reduce the brightness difference in the in-plane direction. Therefore, according to the present invention, even if the same drive voltage is applied, the electric field strength actually generated in the liquid crystal cell is different between the clear-vision side and the reverse-clear vision side. The difference in the angle formed by the liquid crystal molecules and the line of sight between the viewing side and the viewing side is compressed. Therefore, the brightness difference in the in-plane direction is reduced, so that the liquid crystal display device can have a wide viewing angle.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a diode type liquid crystal display device.

2 is an explanatory diagram of an MIM diode used as a switching element in the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing the behavior of liquid crystal enclosed between the substrates in the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which a cell gap between insulating substrates is set to a predetermined condition in a liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied.

5A is an explanatory view showing a direction of a rubbing process performed in a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 4, FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram schematically showing a relationship between a line of sight and liquid crystal molecules when displaying an intermediate color in a liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which the cell gap between the insulating substrates is set to a predetermined condition in the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which the cell gap between the insulating substrates is set to a predetermined condition in the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which the cell gap between the insulating substrates is set to a predetermined condition in the liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a state in which respective insulating substrates are stacked in a conventional liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram conceptually showing the behavior of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal display device.

11A is an explanatory view showing the direction of a rubbing process performed in the manufacturing process of a conventional liquid crystal display device, FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view schematically showing the relationship between the line of sight and liquid crystal molecules when displaying an intermediate color in a conventional liquid crystal display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Liquid crystal display device 10 ... Glass substrate (first insulating substrate) 11 ... Scan line 12 ... MIM diode (active element) 13 ... Pixel electrode 20 ... Glass substrate (first 2 Insulating substrate 2 ... Counter electrode 30 ... Liquid crystal 31 ... Liquid crystal cell 32 ... Liquid crystal molecule 42, 43, 44 ... Gap agent 50 ... Seal material 101 ... Visible Side 102 ... Reverse vision side

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A first insulating substrate in which pixel electrodes and active elements are formed in a matrix, and a first insulating substrate are arranged to face each other so as to form a predetermined cell gap between the first insulating substrate and the first insulating substrate. A second counter electrode is formed.
Liquid crystal layer, which is enclosed between the second insulating substrate and the first insulating substrate, and constitutes a liquid crystal cell addressed by the active element between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. In the liquid crystal display device having, the first and second insulating substrates have the cell gaps opposite to those of the clear viewing side so as to reduce the difference in brightness between the clear viewing side and the reverse viewing side in the in-plane direction. A liquid crystal display device, wherein the liquid crystal display device is arranged so as to be different from the viewing side. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first and second
Since a gap agent having a different diameter between the clear-viewing side and the reverse clear-viewing side is interposed between the insulating substrates, the first and second
2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the insulating substrate is arranged such that the cell gap is different between the clear viewing side and the reverse clear viewing side. 3. The first and second devices according to claim 1.
Since the gap agent dispersed at different densities on the clear vision side and the reverse clear vision side is interposed between the insulating substrates of the first and second insulating substrates, The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that the liquid crystal display device is arranged so as to be different between the opposite side and the reverse vision side. 4. The first and second parts according to claim 1.
Since the gap agent crushed by the different pressures on the clear vision side and the reverse clear vision side is interposed between the insulating substrates of the first and second insulating substrates, the cell gap of the first and second insulating substrates is clearly visible. The liquid crystal display device is characterized in that the liquid crystal display device is arranged so as to be different from each other on the opposite side and the reverse vision side.