JPH09234309A - Filter bed compression method, filtering method and filtering apparatus - Google Patents
Filter bed compression method, filtering method and filtering apparatusInfo
- Publication number
- JPH09234309A JPH09234309A JP8044586A JP4458696A JPH09234309A JP H09234309 A JPH09234309 A JP H09234309A JP 8044586 A JP8044586 A JP 8044586A JP 4458696 A JP4458696 A JP 4458696A JP H09234309 A JPH09234309 A JP H09234309A
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid
- filter
- filtration
- filter layer
- packed
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、濾層圧縮方法、濾
過方法および濾過装置に関し、さらに詳しくは、充填型
濾過塔の内部に充填された多数の繊維塊濾材またはスポ
ンジ濾材からなる濾層を濾過工程で濾材の空隙率を小さ
くし、濁質の捕捉性を増大させるため圧縮する濾層圧縮
方法、その濾層圧縮方法を利用した濾過方法およびその
濾過方法を好適に実施しうる濾過装置に関する。特に、
産業廃水，空調やプール等の循環水，下水などの汚れ成
分の除去、湖水や沼水のプランクトン除去、上水や工業
用水などの前処理に有用である。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a filtration layer compression method, filtration method and filtration device, and more particularly to a filtration layer comprising a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media packed in a packed filtration tower. The present invention relates to a filter layer compression method for compressing in order to reduce the porosity of a filter medium in a filtration step and increase trapping properties of suspended matter, a filtration method utilizing the filter layer compression method, and a filtration device capable of suitably carrying out the filtration method. . Especially,
It is useful for removing pollutants such as industrial wastewater, circulating water from air conditioners and pools, sewage, plankton removal from lake water and swamp water, and pretreatment of tap water and industrial water.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】水処理に用いられる充填型濾過塔の内部
に充填された多数の繊維塊濾材またはスポンジ濾材から
なる濾層を有する濾過装置において、濾過工程では、濾
過対象水の濾材通過に対しての濾材のショートパスを避
けるため濾層内濾材の充填率を高めると共に、濾過対象
水の捕捉性を高めるため濾材の空隙率を小さく即ち濾層
を圧縮（圧密）することにより濾過能力を高める必要が
ある。2. Description of the Related Art In a filtering apparatus having a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media packed in a packed type filtration tower used for water treatment, in the filtration step, when the water to be filtered passes through the filter media, In addition to increasing the filling rate of the filter medium in the filter layer in order to avoid short pass of the filter medium, the porosity of the filter medium is made small, that is, the filter layer is compressed (consolidated) in order to enhance the trapping property of the water to be filtered, thereby enhancing the filtering ability. There is a need.
【０００３】図５は、特開平６−１８２１１５号公報に
開示された濾過装置の構成図である。この濾過装置５０
０において、濾過槽５１の頂部には、ネジ座６３が設け
られている。そのネジ座６３を通されたネジロッド６２
の先端部には、上方多孔板５４が取り付けられている。
前記ネジロッド６２は、ハンドル６１の操作により回転
し、ネジ座６３に対して上下に移動するようになってい
る。前記濾過槽５１の天部には、空気抜管５９が設けら
れている。また、濾過槽５１の前記上方多孔板５４より
上部には、濾過対象水供給管５６が設けられている。ま
た、前記濾過槽５１の内部の底部側には、下方多孔板５
３が設置されている。前記上方多孔板５４と下方多孔板
５３の間には、多数の繊維塊濾材からなる濾層５２があ
る。また、前記濾過槽５１の前記下方多孔板５３より下
部には、空気導入管６０が設けられている。また、前記
濾過槽５１の底部には、濾過対象水取出管兼洗浄用水供
給管５７および洗浄用水取出管５８が接続されている。FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a filtering device disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-182115. This filtering device 50
In No. 0, a screw seat 63 is provided on the top of the filtration tank 51. The screw rod 62 that has been passed through the screw seat 63
An upper perforated plate 54 is attached to the tip of the.
The screw rod 62 is rotated by the operation of the handle 61 and moves up and down with respect to the screw seat 63. An air vent pipe 59 is provided at the top of the filtration tank 51. Further, a filtration target water supply pipe 56 is provided above the upper porous plate 54 of the filtration tank 51. In addition, a lower porous plate 5 is provided on the bottom side inside the filtration tank 51.
3 are installed. Between the upper perforated plate 54 and the lower perforated plate 53 is a filter layer 52 composed of a large number of fibrous filter media. An air introducing pipe 60 is provided below the lower porous plate 53 of the filtration tank 51. Further, a filtration target water extraction pipe / cleaning water supply pipe 57 and a cleaning water extraction pipe 58 are connected to the bottom of the filtration tank 51.
【０００４】上記の濾過装置５００において、濾過工程
では、ハンドル６１を操作して上方多孔板５４を下側へ
移動させて濾層５２を圧縮し、繊維充填度を高くする。
そして、濾過対象水供給管５６より濾過対象水を入れ、
前記濾層５２を下向流で通過した濾過対象水を前記濾過
対象水取出管５７より取り出す。次に、洗浄工程では、
図６に示すように、ハンドル６１を操作して上方多孔板
５４を上側へ移動させて濾層５２の上部に空間Ｅを空け
る。そして、前記洗浄用水供給管５７より洗浄用水を入
れて前記濾過槽５１に満たすと共に前記空気導入管６０
から空気を吹き込んで前記濾層５２の多数の繊維塊濾材
を洗浄用水中で攪拌し、汚れを洗浄用水に溶出させ、次
いで汚れた洗浄用水を前記洗浄用水取出管５８から廃棄
する。以後も、上記濾過工程と洗浄工程とを繰り返す。In the filtering process of the above filtering apparatus 500, the handle 61 is operated to move the upper porous plate 54 downward to compress the filter layer 52 and increase the fiber filling degree.
Then, water to be filtered is introduced from the water to be filtered supply pipe 56,
The water to be filtered that has passed through the filter layer 52 in a downward flow is taken out from the water to be filtered out pipe 57. Next, in the cleaning process,
As shown in FIG. 6, the handle 61 is operated to move the upper porous plate 54 to the upper side to open the space E above the filter layer 52. The cleaning water is supplied from the cleaning water supply pipe 57 to fill the filtration tank 51 and the air introduction pipe 60.
Air is blown from the above to agitate a large number of fibrous filter media in the filter layer 52 in the washing water to elute the dirt into the washing water, and then the dirty washing water is discarded from the washing water take-out pipe 58. After that, the filtration step and the washing step are repeated.
【０００５】図７は、特公昭６２−５５８８５号公報に
開示された濾過装置の構成図である。この濾過装置６０
０において、濾過槽７１の頂部には、洗浄用水取出管６
８が設けられている。また、濾過槽７１の上部には、濾
過対象水供給管６９が設けられている。また、濾過槽７
１の内部の前記濾過対象水供給管６９より下部には、上
方多孔板７２が設置されている。また、濾過槽７１の内
部の底部側には、下方多孔板７３が設置されている。前
記上方多孔板７２と下方多孔板７３の間には、多数の繊
維塊濾材からなる濾層７４がある。また、前記濾過槽７
１の前記下方多孔板７３より下部には、空気導入管６７
が設けられている。また、前記濾過槽７１の底部には、
濾過対象水取出管８１および洗浄用水供給管８２が接続
されている。FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a filter device disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 62-55885. This filtration device 60
At 0, the washing water extraction pipe 6 is provided on the top of the filtration tank 71.
8 are provided. A filtration target water supply pipe 69 is provided above the filtration tank 71. Also, the filtration tank 7
An upper perforated plate 72 is installed below the filtration target water supply pipe 69 inside 1. A lower porous plate 73 is installed on the bottom side inside the filtration tank 71. Between the upper perforated plate 72 and the lower perforated plate 73 is a filter layer 74 composed of a large number of fibrous filter media. In addition, the filtration tank 7
The air introduction pipe 67 is provided below the lower porous plate 73 of FIG.
Is provided. In addition, at the bottom of the filtration tank 71,
The filtration target water extraction pipe 81 and the cleaning water supply pipe 82 are connected.
【０００６】上記の濾過装置６００において、濾過工程
では、濾過対象水供給管６９より濾過対象水を入れ、前
記濾層７４を下向流で通過した濾過対象水を前記濾過対
象水取出管８１より取り出す。このとき、濾層７４は、
前記下向流により圧縮される。次に、逆洗工程では、図
８に示すように、洗浄用水供給管８２より洗浄用水を入
れ、前記濾層７４を上向流で通過した洗浄用水を前記洗
浄用水取出管６８より取り出す。このとき、空気導入管
６７から空気を吹き込んで前記濾層７４の多数の繊維塊
濾材を洗浄用水中で攪拌し、汚れを洗浄用水に溶出させ
る。以後も、上記濾過工程と逆洗工程とを交互に繰り返
す。In the filtration device 600, in the filtration step, the water to be filtered is introduced from the water supply pipe 69 to be filtered, and the water to be filtered which has passed through the filter layer 74 in a downward flow is taken out from the water outlet pipe 81 to be filtered. Take it out. At this time, the filter layer 74 is
It is compressed by the downward flow. Next, in the backwashing step, as shown in FIG. 8, washing water is introduced from the washing water supply pipe 82, and the washing water that has passed through the filter layer 74 in an upward flow is taken out from the washing water take-out pipe 68. At this time, air is blown in from the air introducing pipe 67 to stir a large number of fibrous filter media in the filter layer 74 in the washing water to elute the dirt into the washing water. After that, the filtration step and the backwash step are alternately repeated.
【０００７】[0007]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来の濾過装置５
００では、ハンドル６１を操作して上方多孔板５４を下
側へ移動させて濾層５２を圧縮し、繊維充填度を高くし
ている。しかし、ネジロッド６２などのメカニカルな構
造物が濾過対象水に接触するのは、水質や構造物の腐食
の観点から好ましくない問題点がある。また、上記従来
の濾過装置６００では、濾過対象水の下向流により濾層
７４を圧縮するが、下向流だけでは繊維塊濾材の間隙を
十分に詰めることが困難であり（十分に詰めるには時間
が長くかかる）、繊維充填度を十分に高めることができ
ない問題点がある。そこで、本発明の目的は、メカニカ
ルな構造物を用いずに且つ濾層の繊維充填度を十分に高
めることが出来る濾層圧縮方法、その濾層圧縮方法を利
用した濾過方法およびその濾過方法を好適に実施しうる
濾過装置を提供することにある。DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The above conventional filtration device 5
In 00, the handle 61 is operated to move the upper porous plate 54 to the lower side to compress the filter layer 52 and increase the fiber filling degree. However, the contact of the mechanical structure such as the screw rod 62 with the water to be filtered is not preferable from the viewpoint of water quality and corrosion of the structure. Further, in the above-described conventional filtering device 600, the filter layer 74 is compressed by the downward flow of the water to be filtered, but it is difficult to sufficiently fill the gaps of the fibrous filter media only by the downward flow (to sufficiently fill). Takes a long time), and there is a problem that the fiber filling degree cannot be sufficiently increased. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a filtration layer compression method capable of sufficiently increasing the fiber packing degree of the filtration layer without using a mechanical structure, a filtration method utilizing the filtration layer compression method, and a filtration method thereof. It is to provide a filtration device that can be preferably implemented.
【０００８】[0008]
【課題を解決するための手段】第１の観点では、本発明
は、充填型濾過塔の内部に充填された多数の繊維塊濾材
またはスポンジ濾材からなる濾層を圧縮する濾層圧縮方
法であって、充填型濾過塔の内部に液を入れて濾層を液
に浸漬し、次に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部より流出さ
せることによって液位を徐々に下げて行き、その間、濾
層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブリングし、これによ
り濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させて濾層を圧縮することを
特徴とする濾層圧縮方法を提供する。上記第１の観点に
よる濾層圧縮方法では、濾層を液に浸漬し、濾層の下方
より空気を送り込んでバブリングしながら、液位を徐々
に下げて行く。すると、濾材はバブリングにより揺すら
れながら液位の下降に従って沈降するため、濾材の間隙
を均一に且つ密に詰めることができ、濾層を十分に圧縮
することが出来る。しかも、この方法によれば、メカニ
カルな構造物も不要となる。なお、上記の濾層圧縮工程
を実施する際に流出させた液は、適正に濾過された液で
はないため、廃棄するのが好ましい。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a first aspect, the present invention is a filter bed compression method for compressing a filter bed composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media packed in a packed filtration tower. Then, the liquid is put into the packed type filtration tower to immerse the filter layer in the liquid, and then the liquid level is gradually lowered by letting the liquid flow out from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower. A method for compressing a filter layer is characterized in that air is blown from below to bubbling, thereby causing the filter medium to settle while rocking to compress the filter layer. In the method for compressing a filter layer according to the first aspect, the filter layer is immersed in a liquid, and air is blown from below the filter layer to bubble while lowering the liquid level gradually. Then, the filter medium settles as the liquid level descends while being shaken by bubbling, so that the gaps of the filter medium can be uniformly and densely packed, and the filter layer can be sufficiently compressed. Moreover, this method also eliminates the need for mechanical structures. The liquid that has flowed out when the filtration layer compression step is carried out is not a properly filtered liquid, so it is preferable to discard it.
【０００９】第２の観点では、本発明は、充填型濾過塔
の内部に充填された多数の繊維塊濾材又はスポンジ濾材
からなる濾層を圧縮する濾層圧縮方法であって、充填型
濾過塔の内部に液を入れて濾層を液に浸漬し、次に前記
液を充填型濾過塔の下部より比較的小さな液位降下速度
で流出させることによって液位を徐々に下げて行き、そ
の間、濾層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブリングし、
これにより濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させ、次に充填型濾
過塔の上部から液を入れて濾層を液に浸漬し、次に前記
液を充填型濾過塔の下部より前記液位降下速度より大き
な速度で流出させ、これにより濾層を圧縮することを特
徴とする濾層圧縮方法を提供する。上記第２の観点によ
る濾層圧縮方法では、濾層を液に浸漬し、濾層の下方よ
り空気を送り込んでバブリングしながら、液位を徐々に
下げて行く。すると、濾材はバブリングにより揺すられ
ながら液位の下降に従って沈降するため、濾材の間隙を
均一に且つ密に詰めることができ、濾層を十分に圧縮す
ることが出来る。しかも、この方法によれば、メカニカ
ルな構造物も不要となる。さらに、この後、濾層を液に
浸漬し、次に前記の液位降下速度よりも大きい速度で液
位を下げるため、前記のバブリング中に濾材内に残留し
ている細かな気泡も流出してしまい、濾材の間隔が引き
締まり、さらに十分に濾層を圧縮することが出来るよう
になる。なお、上記の濾層圧縮工程を実施する際に流出
させた液は、適正に濾過された液ではないため、廃棄す
るのが好ましい。In a second aspect, the present invention is a filter bed compression method for compressing a filter bed composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media packed inside a packed filter tower. The liquid is put into the inside of the filter to immerse the filter layer in the liquid, and then the liquid is gradually lowered from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower to lower the liquid level gradually. Bubbling by sending air from below the filter layer,
This causes the filter medium to settle while rocking, then the liquid is put from the upper part of the packed type filtration tower to immerse the filter layer in the liquid, and then the liquid is poured from the lower part of the packed type filter tower from the liquid level lowering speed. A method for compressing a filter bed is provided, which comprises discharging at a high rate, thereby compressing the filter bed. In the method of compressing a filter layer according to the second aspect, the filter layer is immersed in a liquid, and air is blown from below the filter layer to bubble while lowering the liquid level gradually. Then, the filter medium settles as the liquid level descends while being shaken by bubbling, so that the gaps of the filter medium can be uniformly and densely packed, and the filter layer can be sufficiently compressed. Moreover, this method also eliminates the need for mechanical structures. Furthermore, after this, the filter layer is immersed in a liquid, and then the liquid level is lowered at a rate higher than the liquid level lowering rate, so that fine bubbles remaining in the filter medium also flow out during the bubbling. As a result, the space between the filter media is tightened, and the filter layer can be sufficiently compressed. The liquid that has flowed out when the filtration layer compression step is carried out is not a properly filtered liquid, so it is preferable to discard it.
【００１０】第３の観点では、本発明は、多数の繊維塊
濾材またはスポンジ濾材からなる濾層を内部に有する充
填型濾過塔の上部より濾過対象液を入れ前記濾層を下向
流で通過した濾過対象液を前記充填型濾過塔の下部より
取り出す濾過工程と、充填型濾過塔の下部より洗浄用液
を入れ前記濾層を上向流で通過した洗浄用液を前記充填
型濾過塔の上部より取り出す逆洗工程とを繰り返す濾過
方法において、濾層を液に浸漬した状態とし、次に前記
液を充填型濾過塔の下部より流出させることによって液
位を徐々に下げて行き、その間、濾層の下方より空気を
送り込んでバブリングし、これにより濾材を揺動させつ
つ沈降させて濾層を圧縮する濾層圧縮工程を、前記濾過
工程の前または途中に入れることを特徴とする濾過方法
を提供する。上記第３の観点による濾過方法では、上記
第１の観点による濾層圧縮方法を利用するため、濾層が
十分に圧縮され、濾過能力を高めることが出来る。According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the present invention, a liquid to be filtered is introduced from the upper part of a packed type filtration tower having therein a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media and passed through the filter layer in a downward flow. The filtration step of taking out the filtered liquid from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower, and the washing liquid which has been passed through the filter layer in an upward flow by introducing the cleaning liquid from the lower part of the packed type filter tower, In a filtration method in which a backwashing step of taking out from the upper part is repeated, the filter layer is immersed in a liquid, and then the liquid is gradually discharged from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower to gradually lower the liquid level, while Bubbling by feeding air from below the filter layer, thereby causing a filter layer compression step of causing the filter material to settle while rocking and compressing the filter layer, before or during the filtration step. I will provide a. In the filtration method according to the third aspect, since the filtration layer compression method according to the first aspect is used, the filtration layer can be sufficiently compressed and the filtration performance can be enhanced.
【００１１】第４の観点では、本発明は、多数の繊維塊
濾材またはスポンジ濾材からなる濾層を内部に有する充
填型濾過塔の上部より濾過対象液を入れ前記濾層を下向
流で通過した濾過対象液を前記充填型濾過塔の下部より
取り出す濾過工程と、充填型濾過塔の下部より洗浄用液
を入れ前記濾層を上向流で通過した洗浄用液を前記充填
型濾過塔の上部より取り出す逆洗工程とを繰り返す濾過
方法において、濾層を液に浸漬した状態とし、次に前記
液を充填型濾過塔の下部より流出させることによって液
位を徐々に下げて行き、その間、濾層の下方より空気を
送り込んでバブリングし、これにより濾材を揺動させつ
つ沈降させ、次に充填型濾過塔の上部から液を入れて濾
層を液に浸漬し、次に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部より
前記液位降下速度より大きな速度で流出させて、これに
より濾層を圧縮する濾層圧縮工程を、前記濾過工程の前
または途中に入れることを特徴とする濾過方法を提供す
る。上記第４の観点による濾過方法では、上記第２の観
点による濾層圧縮方法を利用するため、濾層がさらに十
分に圧縮され、さらに濾過能力を高めることが出来る。According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the present invention, a liquid to be filtered is introduced from the upper part of a packed type filtration tower having therein a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media and passed through the filter layer in a downward flow. The filtration step of taking out the filtered liquid from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower, and the washing liquid which has been passed through the filter layer in an upward flow by introducing the cleaning liquid from the lower part of the packed type filter tower, In a filtration method in which a backwashing step of taking out from the upper part is repeated, the filter layer is immersed in a liquid, and then the liquid is gradually discharged from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower to gradually lower the liquid level, while Bubbling is performed by sending air from below the filter layer, which causes the filter medium to settle while rocking, then the liquid is added from the top of the packed filter tower to immerse the filter layer in the liquid, and then the liquid is filled. From the bottom of the mold type filtration tower Ri and allowed to flow at a greater rate, thereby the filter layer, filter bed compression step of compressing the filter layer, filter bed, to provide a filtration method characterized by placing before or during the filtration step. In the filtration method according to the fourth aspect, since the filtration layer compression method according to the second aspect is used, the filtration layer can be more sufficiently compressed and the filtration performance can be further enhanced.
【００１２】第５の観点では、本発明は、多数の繊維塊
濾材またはスポンジ濾材からなる濾層を内部に有する充
填型濾過塔と、その充填型濾過塔の上部より濾過対象液
を入れる濾過対象液導入手段と、前記充填型濾過塔の下
部より濾過対象液を取り出す濾過対象液取出手段と、前
記充填型濾過塔の下部より洗浄用液を導入する洗浄用液
導入手段と、前記充填型濾過塔の上部より洗浄用液を取
り出す洗浄用液取出手段と、濾層の下方より空気を送り
込む空気導入手段とを備えた濾過装置において、濾層を
液に浸漬した状態とし、次に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下
部より流出させることによって液位を徐々に下げて行
き、その間、濾層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブリン
グし、これにより濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させて濾層を
圧縮するように前記各手段の動作を制御する濾層圧縮動
作制御手段を備えたことを特徴とする濾過装置を提供す
る。上記第５の観点による濾過装置では、上記第３の観
点による濾過方法を好適に実施でき、高い濾過能力を得
ることが出来る。[0012] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a packed type filtration tower having therein a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media, and a filtration target into which a liquid to be filtered is put from the upper part of the packed type filtration tower. Liquid introducing means, filtration target liquid taking out means for taking out the filtration object liquid from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower, washing liquid introducing means for introducing a cleaning liquid from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower, and the packed type filtration In a filtering device equipped with a washing liquid take-out means for taking out the washing liquid from the upper part of the tower, and an air introducing means for feeding air from the lower side of the filter layer, the filter layer is immersed in the liquid, and then the liquid is added. The liquid level is gradually lowered by letting it flow out from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower, and during that time, air is blown in from below the filter layer to bubble, thereby causing the filter medium to settle while rocking and compress the filter layer. As above Providing a filtration device characterized by comprising a filter layer, filter bed compression operation control means for controlling the operation of the unit. In the filtration device according to the fifth aspect, the filtration method according to the third aspect can be suitably implemented, and high filtration capacity can be obtained.
【００１３】第６の観点では、本発明は、多数の繊維塊
濾材またはスポンジ濾材からなる濾層を内部に有する充
填型濾過塔と、その充填型濾過塔の上部より濾過対象液
を入れる濾過対象液導入手段と、前記充填型濾過塔の下
部より濾過対象液を取り出す濾過対象液取出手段と、前
記充填型濾過塔の下部より洗浄用液を導入する洗浄用液
導入手段と、前記充填型濾過塔の上部より洗浄用液を取
り出す洗浄用液取出手段と、濾層の下方より空気を送り
込む空気導入手段とを備えた濾過装置において、前記充
填型濾過塔の上部より圧縮用液を入れる圧縮用液導入手
段と、前記充填型濾過塔の下部より圧縮用液を取り出す
圧縮用液取出手段とを具備すると共に、濾層を液に浸漬
した状態とし、次に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部より流
出させることによって液位を徐々に下げて行き、その
間、濾層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブリングし、こ
れにより濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させ、次に充填型濾過
塔の上部から液を入れて濾層を液に浸漬し、次に前記液
を充填型濾過塔の下部より前記液位降下速度より大きな
速度で流出させ、これにより濾層を圧縮するように前記
各手段の動作を制御する濾層圧縮動作制御手段を備えた
ことを特徴とする濾過装置を提供する。上記第６の観点
による濾過装置では、上記第４の観点による濾過方法を
好適に実施でき、さらに高い濾過能力を得ることが出来
る。In a sixth aspect, the present invention provides a packed type filtration tower having therein a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media, and a filtration target to which a liquid to be filtered is placed from above the packed type filtration tower. Liquid introducing means, filtration target liquid taking out means for taking out the filtration object liquid from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower, washing liquid introducing means for introducing a cleaning liquid from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower, and the packed type filtration In a filtering device equipped with a washing liquid take-out means for taking out the washing liquid from the upper part of the tower and an air introducing means for feeding air from the lower side of the filter layer, a compression liquid is put in from the upper part of the packed type filtration tower. A liquid introducing means and a compressing liquid extracting means for taking out the compressing liquid from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower are provided, and the filter layer is immersed in the liquid, and then the liquid is placed in the lower part of the packed type filter tower. By draining more The liquid level is gradually lowered, and during that time, air is blown in from below the filter bed to bubble it, causing the filter medium to settle while rocking. Is immersed in a liquid, and then the liquid is allowed to flow out from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower at a speed higher than the liquid level lowering speed, whereby the operation of each means is controlled so as to compress the filter bed. Provided is a filtering device comprising an operation control means. In the filtration device according to the sixth aspect, the filtration method according to the fourth aspect can be suitably implemented, and a higher filtration capacity can be obtained.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図に示す実施形態により本
発明をさらに詳細に説明する。なお、これにより本発明
が限定されるものではない。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited by this.
【００１５】−第１の実施形態− 図１は、本発明の第１の実施形態の濾過装置を示す構成
図である。この濾過装置１００において、充填型濾過塔
１の頂部には、開閉弁１３を有する濾過対象水供給管６
と，開閉弁１７を有する洗浄用水取出管１０とが設けら
れている。また、充填型濾過槽１の天部には、バルブ２
２を有する空気抜管２１が設けられている。-First Embodiment- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a filtering device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In this filtration device 100, a filtration target water supply pipe 6 having an opening / closing valve 13 is provided at the top of the packed filtration tower 1.
And a cleaning water extraction pipe 10 having an opening / closing valve 17. In addition, a valve 2 is provided at the top of the filling type filter tank 1.
An air vent tube 21 having 2 is provided.
【００１６】充填型濾過塔１の内部の上部側には、水と
空気は通過させるが濾材は通過させない濾材流出防止装
置４が取り付けられている。充填型濾過塔１の内部の底
部側には、濾床板２３が設けられている。その濾床板２
３には、水と空気は通過させるが濾材は通過させない多
数の集配水（集排水）装置３が配設されている。また、
前記濾材流出防止装置４と前記濾床板２３の間には、繊
維塊濾材またはスポンジ濾材からなる濾層２がある。前
記繊維塊濾材またはスポンジ濾材は、例えば濾過対象水
の比重より大きい比重を持ち、球状または柱状のもので
ある。A filter material outflow prevention device 4 that allows water and air to pass but does not allow the filter material to pass is attached to the upper part inside the packed type filtration tower 1. A filter bed plate 23 is provided on the bottom side inside the packed filtration tower 1. The filter bed 2
A large number of water collecting / distributing (water collecting / discharging) devices 3 that allow water and air to pass therethrough but do not allow the filter medium to pass therethrough are disposed at 3. Also,
Between the filter medium outflow prevention device 4 and the filter floor plate 23 is a filter layer 2 made of a fiber block filter medium or a sponge filter medium. The fibrous filter medium or sponge filter medium has, for example, a specific gravity larger than that of water to be filtered, and is spherical or columnar.
【００１７】充填型濾過塔１の前記濾床板２３より下部
には、バルブ１６を有する空気導入管９が設けられてい
る。また、充填型濾過塔１の底部には、開閉弁１４を有
する濾過対象水取出管７と，開閉弁１５を有する洗浄用
水供給管８と，開閉弁１８を有する捨水管１１とが設け
られている。An air introducing pipe 9 having a valve 16 is provided below the filter bed plate 23 of the packed type filtration tower 1. Further, at the bottom of the packed type filtration tower 1, a filtration target water extraction pipe 7 having an opening / closing valve 14, a washing water supply pipe 8 having an opening / closing valve 15, and a drain pipe 11 having an opening / closing valve 18 are provided. There is.
【００１８】また、充填型濾過塔１には、水位センサ３
１が設置されており、その水位センサ３１の出力信号は
制御装置３２に入力されている。その制御装置３２は、
予めプログラムされた運転シーケンスに従って開閉弁１
３，１４，１５，１７，１８およびバルブ１６，２２の
開／閉を制御する。In addition, the filling type filtration tower 1 has a water level sensor 3
1 is installed, and the output signal of the water level sensor 31 is input to the control device 32. The control device 32 is
Open / close valve 1 according to a pre-programmed operating sequence
Controls the opening / closing of 3, 14, 15, 17, 18 and valves 16, 22.
【００１９】図２は、この濾過装置１００の運転のフロ
ー図である。ステップＳＴ２〜ＳＴ７が濾層圧縮工程で
あり、ステップＳＴ２０が濾過工程であり、ステップＳ
Ｔ３０が逆洗工程である。FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the filtration device 100. Steps ST2 to ST7 are the filter layer compression step, step ST20 is the filtration step, and step S
T30 is a backwash process.
【００２０】ステップＳＴ１は、逆洗工程終了直後の状
態であり、開閉弁１３，１７，１５，１４，１８および
バルブ１６，２２は閉状態であり、洗浄用水が充填型濾
過塔１内に充満されている。ステップＳＴ２では、開閉
弁１８およびバルブ２２を開状態にして、充填型濾過塔
１内の水を比較的大流速（例えば、液位降下速度０．５
〜１．０ｍ／ｍｉｎ程度）で捨てる。ステップＳＴ３で
は、設計上の濾層天端Ｓ（又はその近傍）まで水位が下
がるのを待ち、下がったらステップＳＴ４へ進む。ステ
ップＳＴ４では、バルブ１６を開状態とし、バブリング
を開始する。バブリング流量は、例えば１〜５Ｎｍ3／
ｍ2／ｍｉｎ程度である。なお、濾材の形状，寸法，比
重，繊維径および積層厚等に応じて、バブリングを開始
する水位やバブリング流量を調節するのが好ましい。ス
テップＳＴ５では、開閉弁１８を半開状態にし、充填型
濾過塔１内の水を比較的小流速（例えば、液位降下速度
０．１〜０．３ｍ／ｍｉｎ）で捨てる。ステップＳＴ６
では、濾層下部Ｌ（又はその近傍）まで水位が下がるの
を待ち、下がったらステップＳＴ７へ進む。ステップＳ
Ｔ７では、開閉弁１８およびバルブ１６，２２を閉状態
とし、バブリングおよび捨水を停止する。Step ST1 is a state immediately after the end of the backwashing process, the opening / closing valves 13, 17, 15, 14, 18 and the valves 16, 22 are closed, and the washing water is filled in the packed filtration tower 1. Has been done. In step ST2, the on-off valve 18 and the valve 22 are opened so that the water in the packed filtration tower 1 has a relatively high flow rate (for example, a liquid level lowering rate of 0.5).
~ 1.0 m / min). In step ST3, the water level is waited to drop to the designed filter bed top S (or the vicinity thereof), and when it falls, the process proceeds to step ST4. In step ST4, the valve 16 is opened and bubbling is started. The bubbling flow rate is, for example, 1 to 5 Nm 3 /
It is about m 2 / min. The water level at which bubbling starts and the bubbling flow rate are preferably adjusted according to the shape, size, specific gravity, fiber diameter, laminated thickness, etc. of the filter medium. In step ST5, the on-off valve 18 is opened halfway, and the water in the packed filtration tower 1 is discarded at a relatively low flow rate (for example, the liquid level lowering rate of 0.1 to 0.3 m / min). Step ST6
Then, wait for the water level to drop to the lower part L (or in the vicinity) of the filter layer, and if it drops, go to step ST7. Step S
At T7, the on-off valve 18 and the valves 16 and 22 are closed, and bubbling and drainage are stopped.
【００２１】ステップＳＴ２０では、開閉弁１３，１４
を開状態とし、充填型濾過塔１の上部より濾過対象水を
供給し、濾層２を下向流で通過した濾過対象水を充填型
濾過塔１の下部より取り出す。この濾過工程を続けてい
るうちに濾層２の汚れにより濾過能力が低下したら、ス
テップＳＴ３０へ進む。なお、この濾過工程（ＳＴ２
０）の途中にも上記濾層圧縮工程（ＳＴ２〜ＳＴ７）を
入れてもよい。ステップＳＴ３０では、開閉弁１３，１
４を閉状態とし、開閉弁１５，１７を開状態とし、充填
型濾過塔１の下部より洗浄用水を供給し、濾層２を上向
流で通過した洗浄用水を充填型濾過塔１の上部より取り
出す。このとき、バルブ１６を開状態とし、バブリング
も行う。この逆洗工程により濾層２の汚れを除去できた
ら、前記ステップＳＴ１に戻る。At step ST20, the on-off valves 13 and 14 are
Is opened, the water to be filtered is supplied from the upper part of the packed filter tower 1, and the water to be filtered which has passed through the filter layer 2 in a downward flow is taken out from the lower part of the packed filter tower 1. If the filtration performance is deteriorated due to dirt on the filter layer 2 while continuing this filtration process, the process proceeds to step ST30. In addition, this filtration step (ST2
The filtration layer compression step (ST2 to ST7) may be inserted in the middle of 0). At step ST30, the on-off valves 13, 1
4 is closed, the on-off valves 15 and 17 are opened, washing water is supplied from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower 1, and the washing water which has passed through the filter bed 2 in an upward flow is supplied to the upper part of the packed type filtration tower 1. Take out more. At this time, the valve 16 is opened and bubbling is also performed. When the dirt on the filter layer 2 can be removed by this backwashing process, the process returns to step ST1.
【００２２】上記第１の実施形態の濾過装置１００によ
れば、濾材はバブリングにより揺すられながら液位の下
降に従って沈降するため、濾材の間隙を均一に且つ密に
詰めることができ、濾層２を十分に圧縮することが出来
る。従って、良好な濾過性能が得られる。According to the filter device 100 of the first embodiment, the filter medium settles as the liquid level descends while being shaken by bubbling, so that the gaps of the filter medium can be uniformly and densely packed, and the filter layer 2 Can be compressed sufficiently. Therefore, good filtration performance can be obtained.
【００２３】−第２の実施形態− 図３は、本発明の第２の実施形態の濾過装置を示す構成
図である。この濾過装置２００は、前記第１の実施形態
の濾過装置１００の構成に加えて、充填型濾過塔１の上
部より洗浄用水を供給する洗浄用水供給管１２および開
閉弁１９を設けたものである。-Second Embodiment- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a filtering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This filtering device 200 is provided with a washing water supply pipe 12 and an on-off valve 19 for supplying washing water from the upper part of the packed filtration tower 1 in addition to the configuration of the filtering device 100 of the first embodiment. .
【００２４】図４は、この濾過装置２００の運転のフロ
ー図である。ステップＳＴ１〜ＳＴ１１が濾材圧縮工程
であり、ステップＳＴ２０が濾過工程であり、ステップ
ＳＴ３０が逆洗工程である。FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the operation of this filtration device 200. Steps ST1 to ST11 are the filter medium compression step, step ST20 is the filtration step, and step ST30 is the backwash step.
【００２５】ステップＳＴ１〜ＳＴ７は、図２を参照し
て説明したステップＳＴ１〜ＳＴ７と同じ処理である。
ステップＳＴ８では、開閉弁１９およびバルブ２２を開
状態にし、洗浄用水供給管１２により、充填型濾過塔１
の上部から洗浄用水を供給し、濾層２の天端Ｓまで洗浄
用水を入れる。ステップＳＴ９では、開閉弁１９を閉状
態にし、開閉弁１８を開状態にして、充填型濾過塔１内
の水を比較的大流速（例えば、液位降下速度０．５〜
１．０ｍ／ｍｉｎ）で捨てる。ステップＳＴ１０では、
濾層下部Ｌ（又はその近傍）まで水位が下がるのを待
ち、下がったらステップＳＴ１１へ進む。ステップＳＴ
１１では、開閉弁１８およびバルブ２２を閉状態とし、
捨水を停止する。ステップＳＴ２０は、図２を参照して
説明したステップＳＴ２０と同じ処理である。ステップ
ＳＴ３０は、図２を参照して説明したステップＳＴ３０
と同じ処理である。Steps ST1 to ST7 are the same processes as steps ST1 to ST7 described with reference to FIG.
In step ST8, the on-off valve 19 and the valve 22 are opened, and the washing water supply pipe 12 is used to open the packed filtration tower 1
The washing water is supplied from the upper part of the above, and the washing water is added to the top end S of the filter layer 2. In step ST9, the on-off valve 19 is closed, the on-off valve 18 is opened, and the water in the packed filtration tower 1 has a relatively large flow velocity (for example, a liquid level lowering rate of 0.5 to
Discard at 1.0 m / min). In step ST10,
Wait for the water level to drop to the lower part L of the filter layer (or in the vicinity thereof), and if so, proceed to step ST11. Step ST
In 11, the on-off valve 18 and the valve 22 are closed,
Stop draining. Step ST20 is the same process as step ST20 described with reference to FIG. The step ST30 is the step ST30 described with reference to FIG.
This is the same processing as.
【００２６】上記第２の実施形態の濾過装置２００によ
れば、濾材はバブリングにより揺すられながら水位の下
降に従って沈降するため、濾材の間隙を均一に且つ密に
詰めることができ、濾層２を十分に圧縮することが出来
る。また、その後、濾層２を水に浸漬し、次に水位を一
気に下げるため、残留している細かな気泡も流出してし
まい、濾材の間隔が引き締まり、さらに十分に濾層２を
圧縮できるようになる。従って、より良好な濾過性能が
得られる。According to the filtering device 200 of the second embodiment, the filter medium settles as the water level descends while being shaken by bubbling, so that the gaps of the filter medium can be packed uniformly and densely, and the filter layer 2 can be formed. It can be compressed sufficiently. Further, thereafter, the filter layer 2 is immersed in water, and then the water level is lowered all at once. Therefore, residual fine air bubbles also flow out, the interval between the filter media is tightened, and the filter layer 2 can be further compressed sufficiently. become. Therefore, better filtration performance can be obtained.
【００２７】−実施例１− 図３の濾過装置２００を用いた。充填型濾過塔１は、ス
テンレス（一部は透明な塩化ビニル）製で、直径２００
ｍｍ，胴部高さ２５００ｍｍのものである。濾層２は、
静止水に沈降した状態で積層厚が１２００ｍｍとなるよ
うに多数の濾材を充填したものである。濾材は、直径６
ｍｍ，長さ６ｍｍの円柱状の繊維塊であり、繊維は真比
重が１．３８のポリエステル、繊維径は２０μｍ、嵩比
重は７２ｇ／リットル、空隙率は９５％である。図４のステ
ップＳＴ１〜ＳＴ１１を行った結果、濾層２の高さは９
８０ｍｍになり、１８．３％の圧縮率が得られた。圧縮
後の濾層２で、濁質濃度２１ｍｇ／リットルの原水を濾過し
たところ、濁質濃度は１．５ｍｇ／リットルになった。比較
のため、図４のステップＳＴ１〜ＳＴ７を省略する外は
同じ条件で処理したところ、濾層２の高さは１１００ｍ
ｍになり、８．３％の圧縮率が得られた。圧縮後の濾層
２で、濁質濃度２１ｍｇ／リットルの原水を濾過したとこ
ろ、濁質濃度は３．６ｍｇ／リットルになった。従って、本
発明により、濾層２の高い圧縮率と良好な濾過性能が得
られることが判った。Example 1 The filtration device 200 of FIG. 3 was used. The packed filtration tower 1 is made of stainless steel (partly transparent vinyl chloride) and has a diameter of 200
mm, and the body height is 2500 mm. The filter layer 2 is
A large number of filter media are filled so that the layer thickness becomes 1200 mm in a state of being settled in still water. Filter medium has a diameter of 6
It is a cylindrical fiber lump having a length of 6 mm and a length of 6 mm. The fiber has a true specific gravity of 1.38, a fiber diameter of 20 μm, a bulk specific gravity of 72 g / liter, and a porosity of 95%. As a result of performing steps ST1 to ST11 in FIG. 4, the height of the filter layer 2 is 9
It became 80 mm, and the compression rate of 18.3% was obtained. When raw water having a turbidity concentration of 21 mg / liter was filtered through the filter layer 2 after compression, the turbidity concentration became 1.5 mg / liter. For comparison, when the treatment was performed under the same conditions except that steps ST1 to ST7 in FIG. 4 were omitted, the height of the filter layer 2 was 1100 m.
m, and a compression ratio of 8.3% was obtained. When raw water having a turbidity concentration of 21 mg / liter was filtered through the filter layer 2 after compression, the turbidity concentration became 3.6 mg / liter. Therefore, according to the present invention, it was found that a high compressibility of the filter layer 2 and good filtration performance can be obtained.
【００２８】−実施例２− 図３の濾過装置２００を用いた。充填型濾過塔１は、ス
テンレス（一部は透明な塩化ビニル）製で、直径２００
ｍｍ，胴部高さ２５００ｍｍのものである。濾層２は、
静止水に沈降した状態で積層厚が１２００ｍｍとなるよ
うに多数の濾材を充填したものである。濾材は、直径１
５ｍｍ，長さ２０ｍｍの円柱状の繊維塊であり、繊維は
真比重が１．７０の塩化ビニリデン、繊維径は８０μ
ｍ、嵩比重は６９ｇ／リットル、空隙率は９６％である。図
４のステップＳＴ１〜ＳＴ１１を行った結果、濾層２の
高さは８８０ｍｍになり、２６．７％の圧縮率が得られ
た。圧縮後の濾層２で、濁質濃度２２ｍｇ／リットルの原水
を濾過したところ、濁質濃度は３．８ｍｇ／リットルになっ
た。比較のため、図４のステップＳＴ１〜ＳＴ７を省略
する外は同じ条件で処理したところ、濾層２の高さは９
９０ｍｍになり、１７．５％の圧縮率が得られた。圧縮
後の濾層２で、濁質濃度２２ｍｇ／リットルの原水を濾過し
たところ、濁質濃度は５．８ｍｇ／リットルになった。従っ
て、本発明により、濾層２の高い圧縮率と良好な濾過性
能が得られることが判った。Example 2 The filtration device 200 of FIG. 3 was used. The packed filtration tower 1 is made of stainless steel (partly transparent vinyl chloride) and has a diameter of 200
mm, and the body height is 2500 mm. The filter layer 2 is
A large number of filter media are filled so that the layer thickness becomes 1200 mm in a state of being settled in still water. Filter medium has a diameter of 1
It is a columnar fiber lump with a length of 5 mm and a length of 20 mm. The fiber has a true specific gravity of 1.70, vinylidene chloride, and a fiber diameter of 80μ.
m, the bulk specific gravity is 69 g / liter, and the porosity is 96%. As a result of performing steps ST1 to ST11 in FIG. 4, the height of the filter layer 2 became 880 mm, and a compression rate of 26.7% was obtained. When raw water having a turbidity concentration of 22 mg / liter was filtered through the filter layer 2 after compression, the turbidity concentration became 3.8 mg / liter. For comparison, when the treatment was performed under the same conditions except that steps ST1 to ST7 in FIG. 4 were omitted, the height of the filter layer 2 was 9
It became 90 mm and a compression ratio of 17.5% was obtained. When raw water having a turbidity concentration of 22 mg / liter was filtered through the filter layer 2 after compression, the turbidity concentration became 5.8 mg / liter. Therefore, according to the present invention, it was found that a high compressibility of the filter layer 2 and good filtration performance can be obtained.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】本発明の濾層圧縮方法、濾過方法および
濾過装置によれば、濾層を液に浸漬し、バブリングしな
がら液位を下げていく、という簡単なプロセスで、また
は、濾層を液に浸漬し、バブリングしながら液位を下げ
ていき、再び濾層を液に浸漬し、液位を下げていく、と
いう簡単なプロセスで、濾層を十分に圧縮することがで
き、これにより良好な濾過性能を得ることが出来る。EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the method for compressing a filter layer, the method for filtering a filter layer, and the filter device of the present invention, a simple process of dipping the filter layer in a liquid and lowering the liquid level while bubbling, or a filter layer Is immersed in the liquid, the liquid level is lowered while bubbling, the filter layer is again immersed in the liquid, and the liquid level is lowered, and the filter layer can be sufficiently compressed. Therefore, good filtration performance can be obtained.
【図１】本発明の第１の実施形態の濾過装置を示す構成
図である。FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a filtration device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】図１の濾過装置の運転のフロー図である。FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the operation of the filtration device of FIG.
【図３】本発明の第２の実施形態の濾過装置を示す構成
図である。FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing a filtering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
【図４】図３の濾過装置の運転のフロー図である。4 is a flow chart of the operation of the filtration device of FIG.
【図５】従来の濾過装置の一例を示す構成図である。FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram showing an example of a conventional filtration device.
【図６】図５の濾過装置の洗浄工程の説明図である。FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a cleaning process of the filtration device of FIG.
【図７】従来の濾過装置の他例を示す構成図である。FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing another example of a conventional filtering device.
【図８】図７の濾過装置の逆洗工程の説明図である。FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a backwash process of the filtration device of FIG. 7.
１００，２００ 濾過装置 １ 充填型濾過塔 ２ 濾層 ３ 集配水装置 ４ 濾材流出防止装置 ６ 濾過対象水供給管 ７ 濾過対象水取出管 ８，１２ 洗浄用水供給管 ９ 空気導入管 １０ 洗浄用水取出管 １３，１４，１５，１７，１８，１９ 開閉弁 １６，２２ バルブ ２３ 濾床板 ２１ 空気抜管 ３１ 水位センサ ３２ 制御装置 100,200 Filtration device 1 Packing type filtration tower 2 Filtration layer 3 Water collection and distribution device 4 Filter material outflow prevention device 6 Filtration target water supply pipe 7 Filtration target water extraction pipe 8, 12 Cleaning water supply pipe 9 Air introduction pipe 10 Cleaning water extraction pipe 13,14,15,17,18,19 Open / close valve 16,22 Valve 23 Filter bed plate 21 Air vent pipe 31 Water level sensor 32 Control device
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 木坂 一幸 東京都世田谷区桜丘５−48−16 水道機工 株式会社内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Kazuyuki Kisaka 5-48-16 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo Suido Kiko Co., Ltd.
Claims (6)
繊維塊濾材またはスポンジ濾材からなる濾層を圧縮する
濾層圧縮方法であって、 充填型濾過塔の内部に液を入れて濾層を液に浸漬し、次
に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部より流出させることによ
って液位を徐々に下げて行き、その間、濾層の下方より
空気を送り込んでバブリングし、これにより濾材を揺動
させつつ沈降させて濾層を圧縮することを特徴とする濾
層圧縮方法。1. A filter bed compression method for compressing a filter bed composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media packed inside a packed filter tower, wherein a liquid is put into the packed tower and filtered. The layer is immersed in the liquid, and then the liquid is gradually lowered by letting the liquid flow out from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower. Meanwhile, air is blown in from below the filter layer to bubble the liquid. A method for compressing a filter layer, characterized in that the filter layer is compressed while being rocked to compress the filter layer.
繊維塊濾材またはスポンジ濾材からなる濾層を圧縮する
濾層圧縮方法であって、 充填型濾過塔の内部に液を入れて濾層を液に浸漬し、次
に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部より比較的小さな液位降
下速度で流出させることによって液位を徐々に下げて行
き、その間、濾層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブリン
グし、これにより濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させ、次に充
填型濾過塔の上部から液を入れて濾層を液に浸漬し、次
に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部より前記液位降下速度よ
り大きな速度で流出させ、これにより濾層を圧縮するこ
とを特徴とする濾層圧縮方法。2. A filter bed compression method for compressing a filter bed composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media packed in a packed filter tower, wherein a liquid is put in the packed filter tower and filtered. The layer is immersed in the liquid, and then the liquid is gradually discharged from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower at a relatively small liquid level lowering rate to gradually lower the liquid level, while air is fed from below the filter layer. Bubbling with the above, thereby causing the filter medium to settle while rocking, and then the liquid is put from the upper part of the packed type filtration tower to immerse the filter layer in the liquid, and then the liquid is supplied from the lower part of the packed type filter tower to the above liquid. A method for compressing a filter layer, which comprises causing the filter layer to flow out at a speed higher than the descending speed and thereby compressing the filter layer.
らなる濾層を内部に有する充填型濾過塔の上部より濾過
対象液を入れ前記濾層を下向流で通過した濾過対象液を
前記充填型濾過塔の下部より取り出す濾過工程と、充填
型濾過塔の下部より洗浄用液を入れ前記濾層を上向流で
通過した洗浄用液を前記充填型濾過塔の上部より取り出
す逆洗工程とを繰り返す濾過方法において、 濾層を液に浸漬した状態とし、次に前記液を充填型濾過
塔の下部より流出させることによって液位を徐々に下げ
て行き、その間、濾層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブ
リングし、これにより濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させて濾
層を圧縮する濾層圧縮工程を、前記濾過工程の前または
途中に入れることを特徴とする濾過方法。3. A liquid to be filtered is introduced from the upper part of a packed type filtration tower having therein a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media, and the liquid to be filtered which has passed through the filter layer in a downward flow is said packed type. A filtration step of taking out from the lower part of the filtration tower, and a backwashing step of taking out the washing solution from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower and passing through the filter layer in an upward flow from the upper part of the packed type filtration tower. In the repeated filtration method, the liquid layer is immersed in the liquid, and then the liquid is gradually discharged from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower to gradually lower the liquid level, during which air is fed from below the filter layer. A filtration method comprising bubbling with a filter medium, thereby allowing the filter medium to settle while rocking and compressing the filter layer before or during the filtration step.
らなる濾層を内部に有する充填型濾過塔の上部より濾過
対象液を入れ前記濾層を下向流で通過した濾過対象液を
前記充填型濾過塔の下部より取り出す濾過工程と、充填
型濾過塔の下部より洗浄用液を入れ前記濾層を上向流で
通過した洗浄用液を前記充填型濾過塔の上部より取り出
す逆洗工程とを繰り返す濾過方法において、 濾層を液に浸漬した状態とし、次に前記液を充填型濾過
塔の下部より流出させることによって液位を徐々に下げ
て行き、その間、濾層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブ
リングし、これにより濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させ、次
に充填型濾過塔の上部から液を入れて濾層を液に浸漬
し、次に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部より前記液位降下
速度より大きな速度で流出させ、これにより濾層を圧縮
する濾層圧縮工程を、前記濾過工程の前または途中に入
れることを特徴とする濾過方法。4. A liquid to be filtered is introduced from the upper part of a packed type filtration tower having therein a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media, and the liquid to be filtered which has passed through the filter layer in a downward flow is packed into the packed mold. A filtration step of taking out from the lower part of the filtration tower, and a backwashing step of taking out the washing solution from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower and passing through the filter layer in an upward flow from the upper part of the packed type filtration tower. In the repeated filtration method, the liquid layer is immersed in the liquid, and then the liquid is gradually discharged from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower to gradually lower the liquid level, during which air is fed from below the filter layer. Bubbling with the above, thereby causing the filter medium to settle while rocking, and then the liquid is put from the upper part of the packed type filtration tower to immerse the filter layer in the liquid, and then the liquid is supplied from the lower part of the packed type filter tower to the above liquid. Outflow at a rate greater than The filter layer, filter bed compression process thereby compressing the filter layer, filter bed, filtration method characterized by placing before or during the filtration step.
らなる濾層を内部に有する充填型濾過塔と、その充填型
濾過塔の上部より濾過対象液を入れる濾過対象液導入手
段と、前記充填型濾過塔の下部より濾過対象液を取り出
す濾過対象液取出手段と、前記充填型濾過塔の下部より
洗浄用液を導入する洗浄用液導入手段と、前記充填型濾
過塔の上部より洗浄用液を取り出す洗浄用液取出手段
と、濾層の下方より空気を送り込む空気導入手段とを備
えた濾過装置において、 濾層を液に浸漬した状態とし、次に前記液を充填型濾過
塔の下部より流出させることによって液位を徐々に下げ
て行き、その間、濾層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブ
リングし、これにより濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させて濾
層を圧縮するように前記各手段の動作を制御する濾層圧
縮動作制御手段を備えたことを特徴とする濾過装置。5. A packing type filtration tower having therein a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filtration media, filtration target liquid introducing means for introducing a filtration target liquid from the upper part of the packing type filtration tower, and the packing mold. A filtration target liquid extraction means for extracting the filtration target liquid from the lower part of the filtration tower, a cleaning liquid introduction means for introducing a cleaning liquid from the lower part of the filling type filtration tower, and a cleaning liquid from the upper part of the filling type filtration tower. In a filtering device equipped with a cleaning liquid removing means for taking out and an air introducing means for feeding air from below the filter layer, the filter layer is immersed in the liquid, and then the liquid is flowed out from the lower part of the packed filtration tower. By gradually lowering the liquid level by doing so, air is blown from below the filter layer to bubbling, whereby the operation of each of the above means is performed so that the filter material is rocked to settle and the filter layer is compressed. Filter to control Filtration apparatus comprising the compression operation control means.
らなる濾層を内部に有する充填型濾過塔と、その充填型
濾過塔の上部より濾過対象液を入れる濾過対象液導入手
段と、前記充填型濾過塔の下部より濾過対象液を取り出
す濾過対象液取出手段と、前記充填型濾過塔の下部より
洗浄用液を導入する洗浄用液導入手段と、前記充填型濾
過塔の上部より洗浄用液を取り出す洗浄用液取出手段
と、濾層の下方より空気を送り込む空気導入手段とを備
えた濾過装置において、 前記充填型濾過塔の上部より圧縮用液を入れる圧縮用液
導入手段と、前記充填型濾過塔の下部より圧縮用液を取
り出す圧縮用液取出手段とを具備すると共に、濾層を液
に浸漬した状態とし、次に前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部
より流出させることによって液位を徐々に下げて行き、
その間、濾層の下方より空気を送り込んでバブリング
し、これにより濾材を揺動させつつ沈降させ、次に充填
型濾過塔の上部から液を入れて濾層を液に浸漬し、次に
前記液を充填型濾過塔の下部より前記液位降下速度より
大きな速度で流出させ、これにより濾層を圧縮するよう
に前記各手段の動作を制御する濾層圧縮動作制御手段を
備えたことを特徴とする濾過装置。6. A packed type filtration tower having therein a filter layer composed of a large number of fibrous filter media or sponge filter media, a filtration target liquid introducing means for introducing a filtration target liquid from the upper part of the packed type filtration column, and the packed mold. A filtration target liquid extraction means for extracting the filtration target liquid from the lower part of the filtration tower, a cleaning liquid introduction means for introducing a cleaning liquid from the lower part of the filling type filtration tower, and a cleaning liquid from the upper part of the filling type filtration tower. In a filtration device comprising a cleaning liquid take-out means for taking out and an air introducing means for sending air from below the filter layer, a compressing liquid introducing means for introducing a compressing liquid from the upper part of the packed type filtration tower, and the packed type The liquid level for compression is provided by removing the liquid for compression from the lower part of the filtration tower, the filter layer is immersed in the liquid, and then the liquid is discharged from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower to change the liquid level. Line down gradually ,
Meanwhile, air is blown from below the filter layer to cause the filter medium to settle while rocking, and then the liquid is added from the top of the packed type filtration tower to immerse the filter layer in the liquid, and then the liquid is added. Is discharged from the lower part of the packed type filtration tower at a speed higher than the liquid level lowering speed, and thereby a filter bed compression operation control means for controlling the operation of each means so as to compress the filter bed is provided. Filtering device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8044586A JPH09234309A (en) | 1996-03-01 | 1996-03-01 | Filter bed compression method, filtering method and filtering apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8044586A JPH09234309A (en) | 1996-03-01 | 1996-03-01 | Filter bed compression method, filtering method and filtering apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH09234309A true JPH09234309A (en) | 1997-09-09 |
Family
ID=12695598
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP8044586A Pending JPH09234309A (en) | 1996-03-01 | 1996-03-01 | Filter bed compression method, filtering method and filtering apparatus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH09234309A (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007307549A (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-11-29 | Maezawa Ind Inc | Filtration device, and waste water treatment apparatus using this filtration device |
| JP2011212645A (en) * | 2010-04-02 | 2011-10-27 | Swing Corp | Filtration method and filtration apparatus of emulsified water |
| JP2011240342A (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2011-12-01 | Maezawa Ind Inc | Wastewater treatment apparatus |
| JP2014240050A (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2014-12-25 | 扶桑建設工業株式会社 | Biological contact filtration apparatus |
| CN105013221A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | 江苏中超环保股份有限公司 | Multistage filter material filtering device |
-
1996
- 1996-03-01 JP JP8044586A patent/JPH09234309A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007307549A (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2007-11-29 | Maezawa Ind Inc | Filtration device, and waste water treatment apparatus using this filtration device |
| JP2011240342A (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2011-12-01 | Maezawa Ind Inc | Wastewater treatment apparatus |
| JP2011245483A (en) * | 2006-04-21 | 2011-12-08 | Maezawa Ind Inc | Filtration device |
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| JP2014240050A (en) * | 2013-06-12 | 2014-12-25 | 扶桑建設工業株式会社 | Biological contact filtration apparatus |
| CN105013221A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2015-11-04 | 江苏中超环保股份有限公司 | Multistage filter material filtering device |
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